Beyond the Glass Towers: Human-Centred Urban Design in Vancouver

Vancouver, a pioneer in high-density urban development, is evolving beyond its well-known ‘Vancouverism’ model¹. The city’s urban landscape is diversifying, with a focus on luxury housing and a tech-fueled office boom. A record 3.96 million square feet of office space is under construction downtown, with 65% of buildings planned for 2022-2023 already leased, primarily by tech companies². City planners are aiming to enhance building design, focusing on public spaces and revitalising neighbourhoods outside the central core. Alexandra Steed, an urban design expert, opened a Vancouver office in 2024, signalling a new era in the city’s urban evolution.

• Vancouver is moving beyond its high-rise, glass-tower dominated ‘Vancouverism’ model to a more diverse urban landscape.
• The city is experiencing a tech-driven office boom, with 65% of new buildings already leased by tech firms.
• Planners are focusing on enhancing public spaces, revitalising neighbourhoods, and incorporating human-centred design principles.
• Urban design expert Alexandra Steed has opened a new office in Vancouver, signalling a shift towards a more people-focused approach to city development.
• The introduction of green spaces, mixed-use buildings, and pedestrian-friendly infrastructure aims to create a more liveable, walkable city.

Human-centred design in urban planning prioritises the needs and experiences of people living in and using city spaces³. It focuses on creating environments that are accessible, enjoyable, and conducive to community well-being. This approach is particularly important in modern urban environments like Vancouver, where rapid development and population growth necessitate thoughtful planning to maintain quality of life³. Human-centred design principles are being applied to address challenges such as balancing development with community needs and environmental sustainability.

Human-centred design is a philosophy that places the user or community at the heart of the design process³. It involves understanding the needs, desires, and pain points of the people who will be using or interacting with the designed environment. This holistic approach ensures that the final product or space is tailored to the users’ needs, rather than imposing a one-size-fits-all solution.

In rapidly evolving urban centres like Vancouver, human-centred design is crucial in creating livable, sustainable, and equitable communities⁴. By prioritising the needs of residents, businesses, and visitors, urban planners can design spaces that foster social interaction, encourage active transportation, and promote overall well-being. This approach can help address challenges such as pedestrian-friendly planning, community engagement, and the creation of vibrant public spaces.

By embracing human-centred design, urban planners can create vibrant, inclusive, and sustainable communities that enhance the quality of life for all who live, work, and play in the city³. This approach to urban design is crucial in shaping the future of Vancouver and other modern urban environments.

“Human-centred design is not just about creating beautiful spaces, but about crafting environments that truly enrich the lives of the people who use them.”

Human-centred design is a holistic approach to urban planning that prioritises the needs and experiences of the people who live in and use city spaces. By focusing on creating accessible, enjoyable, and community-focused environments, this philosophy is becoming increasingly important in shaping the future of modern urban centres like Vancouver.

Vancouver’s urban landscape has a rich and diverse history, shaped by a unique approach to city planning known as “Vancouverism”⁵. This innovative model emphasises sustainable development, integrating urban green spaces, and creating inclusive, liveable communities⁶.

The city’s early architecture was influenced by late 19th-century European and North American styles, including Victorian, Edwardian, and Arts and Crafts⁵. Iconic buildings like the British Columbia Courthouse (1906), Dominion Building (1907), and Hotel Europe (1909) exemplify this period⁵.

In the post-World War I era, Art Deco and Moderne styles gained prominence, as seen in the Marine Building (1930) and Burrard Street Bridge (1932)⁵. This was followed by the rise of West Coast Modernism, characterized by large glass windows and the use of local wood, which eventually evolved into Vancouver’s famous glass tower developments⁵.

The concept of Vancouverism involves tall, slim towers for density, widely separated by low-rise buildings, many parks, walkable streets, and an emphasis on sustainable forms of transit⁵. This approach has earned Vancouver international recognition for its innovative urban planning⁵.

The city’s focus on creating liveable neighbourhoods where people can work, play, and shop is a key aspect of its urban fabric⁶. This is supported by the Zoning and Development By-law 3575, which establishes regulations for land development⁵. Citizens can provide feedback on rezoning applications, learn about the rezoning process, and apply for rezoning⁵.

Vancouver has also launched the development of the Vancouver (City-wide) Plan to guide the city to 2050 and beyond, with a focus on sustainable development, urban green spaces, and inclusive design⁵⁶.

“Vancouver is internationally recognized for its unique urban planning approach known as ‘Vancouverism’.”⁵

In the face of rapid urbanisation and growing populations, the philosophy of human-centred design has become increasingly crucial in shaping the built environments of modern cities⁷. This approach to urban planning and architecture prioritises the needs, experiences, and well-being of the people who will inhabit these spaces, rather than solely focusing on aesthetics or efficiency.

The core principles of human-centred design include accessibility, inclusivity, and sustainability⁷. Designers strive to create spaces that cater to individuals with diverse abilities, ages, and cultural backgrounds, ensuring that these environments are welcoming and usable for all⁸. Additionally, the emphasis on sustainability aims to minimise the environmental impact of development, promoting regenerative, net-zero, and circular economy practices⁷.

The implementation of human-centred design in urban planning has tangible benefits for local communities⁷. By involving residents in the design process through surveys, interviews, and workshops, designers can create spaces that reflect the unique needs and values of the people who will use them⁷. This approach fosters a sense of community ownership, social connectivity, and overall well-being⁸.

In Vancouver, the city’s embrace of human-centred design principles is evident in the evolution of its urban landscape, as it moves beyond the traditional ‘Vancouverism’ model to address challenges such as balancing development with community needs and environmental sustainability⁷⁹. Innovative technologies, from virtual reality to IoT sensors, are also being integrated to enhance the user experience and promote sustainable practices⁷.

“The built environment should be designed to empower and uplift the communities it serves, not just serve the interests of developers or city planners.” – Jane Jacobs, renowned urban theorist and activist⁷

As the world continues to urbanise, the philosophy of human-centred design offers a holistic and empathetic approach to creating vibrant, inclusive, and sustainable cities that truly cater to the needs of their inhabitants⁷⁹.

As a renowned urban design expert, Alexandra Steed has played a pivotal role in shaping the trajectory of Vancouver’s urban landscape. Her work has consistently focused on creating liveable, sustainable urban spaces that prioritize the well-being of local communities¹⁰.

Steed’s approach to masterplanning and urban design has been marked by a deep understanding of the unique challenges and opportunities presented by Vancouver’s diverse urban fabric. Her projects have sought to balance the city’s need for growth and development with a steadfast commitment to preserving the essence of its neighbourhoods and maintaining a high quality of life for residents¹¹.

In 2024, Alexandra Steed made a significant move by opening a Vancouver office, signalling a new chapter in the city’s approach to urban design. This strategic decision aligns with Vancouver’s ongoing efforts to diversify its urban landscape beyond the traditional glass tower model and address emerging challenges in urban planning and development. Steed’s presence in the city has brought a renewed focus on innovative, community-centric solutions that aim to enhance the overall livability and sustainability of Vancouver’s urban environments¹⁰¹¹.

“Alexandra Steed’s work in Vancouver has been a catalyst for a more holistic and inclusive approach to urban development, putting the needs of local communities at the forefront of her design decisions.”

Vancouver faces significant challenges in its urban design as it seeks to balance rapid development with the needs of its vibrant communities and environmental sustainability¹². The city’s urban design panel plays a crucial role in reviewing and approving new projects, often grappling with conflicting interests and bureaucratic processes that can lead to delays and compromises¹².

One of the key issues is respecting the city’s heritage while accommodating growth. The development of the new Emily Carr University of Art and Design campus, for instance, highlighted the complexities of financing construction, architectural planning, and navigating the bureaucratic landscape¹². Vancouver’s urban design challenges extend beyond individual projects, encompassing broader concerns such as permitting, planning, engineering, and conflicting regulations¹².

The city’s commitment to becoming the “Greenest City” by 2020 adds another layer of complexity to urban planning decisions¹². With¹³ 74% of Canadians living in large urban centers and¹³ Metro Vancouver anticipating nearly five million residents by 2046¹³, the need to balance urban density, environmental considerations, and community feedback has never been more critical.

As Vancouver strives to maintain its status as a vibrant, livable city, it must continue to address these complex challenges through inclusive, community-driven urban design¹⁴ that respects human rights, cultural diversity, and the natural environment¹⁴.

“The provision of urban hard and soft infrastructures in cities creates a dichotomy between haves and have nots.”¹⁴

Vancouver has emerged as a leader in human-centred urban design, with several notable projects that showcase the city’s commitment to creating liveable, sustainable neighbourhoods. These developments, which blend urban regeneration, public realm enhancement, and mixed-use elements, have transformed underutilised areas into vibrant, people-focused spaces.

One compelling example is the redevelopment of the False Creek Flats, a former industrial area just east of downtown Vancouver. The project, spanning 2.3 acres, has transformed the site into a mixed-use district with 200,000 square feet of retail space, 92 live/work units, and 641 parking stalls¹⁵. The project’s strategic location, within a 20-25 minute walk of downtown and adjacent to the Canada Line transit system with over 136,000 daily riders, has enhanced its accessibility and integration with the broader urban fabric¹⁵.

Another success story is the redevelopment of the Oakridge Centre, a former shopping mall in the heart of Vancouver. The new 2.32-acre site features 1,073,715 square feet of mixed-use space, including social housing, office, retail, and university facilities¹⁶. The project, which sat vacant for 11 years before the municipal government acquired it for C$5 million, attracted over 10 responses to the initial request for qualifications, highlighting the strong interest in this type of urban regeneration initiative¹⁶.

These projects demonstrate the power of human-centred design in transforming urban spaces. Key lessons include the importance of community engagement, the value of preserving heritage while embracing modern design, and the need for flexibility in urban planning to adapt to changing needs and technologies. By prioritising the needs and experiences of residents, these developments have created vibrant, liveable communities that serve as models for public realm enhancement and sustainable urban growth.

“The true success of these projects lies in their ability to create spaces that not only meet the practical needs of the community but also foster a sense of belonging and well-being.”

As Vancouver continues to evolve, the lessons learned from these mixed-use developments will be crucial in shaping the city’s future. By building upon these successes and incorporating the principles of human-centred design, Vancouver can continue to lead the way in creating liveable, sustainable urban environments that enhance the quality of life for all its residents¹⁵¹⁶¹⁷.

Public consultation and participatory planning are integral elements of Vancouver’s approach to urban development. The city employs a diverse range of methods to actively involve citizens, from public workshops and online feedback platforms to collaborative design charrettes¹⁸. This commitment to stakeholder engagement is exemplified by the city’s adoption of the Spaces to Thrive strategic framework in December 2021, which was informed by close to 300 non-profit organizations, community groups, and approximately 500 representatives¹⁸.

Vancouver’s planning department has conducted a total of 51 engagement opportunities from May 2017 through February 2021 to gather input from the public on social infrastructure projects¹⁸. These initiatives have focused on City-owned and City-supported facilities, including social service centres, neighbourhood houses, Indigenous wellness and cultural centres, social enterprises, and informal gathering spaces¹⁸. The city’s approach ensures that community feedback directly shapes the design and development of these vital public spaces.

The influence of public consultation is evident in the evolution of urban projects, such as the contentious waterfront glass tower proposal. Residents have voiced their concerns and preferences through various channels, leading the city’s planning department to adjust designs and address community needs¹⁹. This participatory approach, exemplified by initiatives like the Reframing South Vancouver project led by the South Vancouver Neighbourhood House, has empowered local communities to actively participate in shaping their urban environment¹⁹.

The data in the table above highlights the unique demographics and socioeconomic characteristics of South Vancouver, a community that has faced challenges in accessing public services and amenities¹⁹. Despite these obstacles, community-driven initiatives like the Reframing South Vancouver project have empowered residents to actively participate in shaping their urban landscape¹⁹.

“The city’s planning department has received numerous messages from the public regarding urban development projects, demonstrating the high level of citizen interest and involvement in shaping Vancouver’s urban landscape.”

Vancouver is embracing the power of innovative technologies to shape its urban future²⁰. The city’s smart city initiatives are driving efficiency, sustainability, and enhanced quality of life for its residents²¹. From harnessing data analytics for strategic urban planning to implementing intelligent transportation systems, Vancouver is at the forefront of tech-driven urban solutions.

At the heart of this technological revolution is a focus on improving community connectivity and responsiveness²¹. Digital platforms are enabling citizens to actively engage with urban design, providing valuable feedback and shaping the direction of their neighbourhoods²⁰. This community-centric approach is a hallmark of Vancouver’s human-centred design philosophy, ensuring that technology serves the needs of the people.

Vancouver’s smart city initiatives are redefining the urban landscape²¹. The city is leveraging cutting-edge technologies to optimise resource use, enhance mobility, and foster more sustainable communities²⁰. From intelligent traffic management systems to energy-efficient building solutions, Vancouver is leading the charge in digital urban planning.

Technology plays a crucial role in enhancing Vancouver’s communities²¹. Digital platforms and smart infrastructure are strengthening connectivity, improving access to services, and creating more responsive urban environments²⁰. The city’s tech-fuelled office boom is also shaping urban design, with new developments catering to the needs of technology companies and their workforce.

As Vancouver continues to embrace innovative technologies, the city’s urban landscape is evolving to become more efficient, sustainable, and community-focused²⁰. By harnessing the power of digital solutions, Vancouver is paving the way for a future where smart city technologies and human-centred design converge to create vibrant, inclusive, and thriving urban environments²¹.

“Technology is not just a tool, but a catalyst for creating more liveable, connected, and sustainable cities.”

– *Alexandra Steed, Founder and Principal, Alexandra Steed Urban*

In the heart of Vancouver’s bustling urban landscape, green spaces play a vital role in shaping the city’s character and enhancing the well-being of its residents²². The analysis of satellite imagery of Metro Vancouver from 2000 to 2022 revealed that the amount of green space has decreased in nearly every municipality since 2000²². Only three cities, Vancouver, White Rock, and Delta, experienced modest gains in green space²². The areas that saw the most significant decline in greenery were those with substantial growth and development, such as UBC, Langley Township, Pitt Meadows, and Surrey²².

Parks and natural areas in Vancouver provide a myriad of benefits to the community, from improved air quality and biodiversity support to enhanced mental and physical well-being for residents²². Research indicates that access to trees and green spaces can improve various health conditions and lead to increased physical activity, longer life expectancies, and better pregnancy outcomes²². Studies have shown that spending time in nature can reduce stress hormones, while residing in neighborhoods with ample greenery can lower the risks of diabetes, heart disease, and psychological distress²².

Vancouver’s approach to integrating nature into urban environments is evident in its emphasis on preserving view corridors to the surrounding mountains and water bodies²². The city’s commitment to becoming the Greenest City by 2020 has further strengthened efforts to incorporate green spaces and sustainable design principles, such as biophilic design and ecological urbanism, into urban planning²²²³. Efforts have been made to manage negative impacts on the park’s ecosystem, such as sediment deposition in Lost Lagoon and Beaver Lake, disruption of plant and wildlife habitats due to off-trail activities, and habitat fragmentation due to trails and roadways²³.

While challenges remain, Vancouver’s commitment to preserving and enhancing its urban green spaces is a testament to the city’s understanding of the vital role that nature plays in creating livable, sustainable, and resilient communities²²²³.

“Access to trees and green spaces can improve various health conditions and lead to increased physical activity, longer life expectancies, and better pregnancy outcomes.”

In recent years, other cities like Langley Township, Pitt Meadows, and Surrey have approved plans to enhance urban forests and green spaces²². Vancouver is among the few cities where urban green space has increased since 2000, with the city planting 150,000 trees between 2010 and 2020²².

The Stanley Park Ecology Society (SPES) was formed in 1988 as a non-profit charity group dedicated to park stewardship, conservation, and community education²³. In 2011, the Vancouver Parks Board released the “Stanley Park Ecological Plan”, which included a 10-year framework for sustainable efforts targeting the 5 most vulnerable ecological assets within the park²³. Vancouver was ranked in the top 120 greenest cities in the world as of 2023, partly due to the sustainable practices in urban ecological assets such as Stanley Park²³.

The Seawall in Stanley Park was constructed between 1914-1971 in order to reduce coastal erosion caused by freight ship traffic in Burrard Inlet²³. Stanley Park attracted 18 million visitors in 2021, making it a popular destination for tourists and locals²³²².

As Vancouver continues to evolve, its urban design landscape is poised to undergo significant transformations, driven by the city’s commitment to urban innovation, resilient cities, and future-proofing urban spaces. Experts predict a future where density, sustainability, and adaptability will be the key guiding principles for urban development²⁴.

The city is expected to see a continued rise in mixed-use spaces, integrating residential, commercial, and recreational elements within the same developments²⁵. Smart technologies will also play a crucial role in enhancing the efficiency and responsiveness of urban infrastructure, from intelligent traffic systems to energy-efficient buildings²⁵. Additionally, the integration of extensive bike-sharing programs and the transformation of suburban areas into vibrant urban centers are likely to become more prevalent in the years to come²⁵.

Adaptability will be a critical factor in Vancouver’s urban design, as the city must be able to respond to changing demographics, technological advancements, and environmental challenges²⁴. Resilient infrastructure, such as seawalls and enhanced natural coastal barriers, will be crucial in addressing the threat of sea-level rise²⁵. Flexible and modular building designs that can accommodate evolving needs will become increasingly important, ensuring that urban spaces remain relevant and responsive to the evolving needs of the community²⁴.

By embracing these future trends, Vancouver’s urban planners aim to create a more diverse, inclusive, and sustainable city, one that can adapt to the changing tides of the 21st century²⁴²⁵.

“The future of urban design in Vancouver is about creating spaces that are not only visually appealing, but also adaptable, sustainable, and centered around the needs of the people who inhabit them.”

As Vancouver continues to lead the way in urban innovation, resilient cities, and future-proofing urban spaces, its urban design will undoubtedly play a crucial role in shaping the city’s future and enhancing the quality of life for its residents²⁴²⁵.

Shaping Vancouver’s urban landscape for the years ahead requires a collaborative approach among various stakeholders²⁶. Globally, cities consume over two-thirds of the world’s energy and account for more than 70% of global carbon dioxide emissions, highlighting the need for innovative, sustainable solutions²⁶. In Canada, cities are home to more than 80% of the population, totaling around 29 million people, and will be the focus of significant public and private investment in the coming decade.

Partnerships with local government play a pivotal role in implementing human-centred design principles and ensuring that urban development aligns with the needs of the community²⁷. The proposal from architecture and urban design firm Farrells, in collaboration with engineering firm Arup, for Vancouver’s Central Waterfront is a prime example of how public-private partnerships can shape the city’s future²⁷. The proposal focuses on enhancing connectivity, providing new homes and workplaces, and promoting dialogue on the city’s character and identity.

Engagement with non-profit organisations brings valuable perspectives and expertise to the urban planning process²⁸. Vancouver Tourism has been involved in various initiatives, such as pursuing sports events, promoting public Wi-Fi access, and participating in land development projects, to support the sustainable growth of the city’s visitor economy²⁸. The partnership with Resonance Consultancy and Tourism Economics for the Vancouver 2030 strategy report, which addresses issues like overtourism and infrastructure capacity, highlights the importance of collaborative planning.

²⁶ With upwards of $750 billion set to be invested in Canadian cities by all levels of government over the next decade, and the private sector expected to leverage this investment with a further 7x multiple, the opportunities for meaningful collaborations are vast²⁶. Initiatives like the Smart Cities Challenge and investments from Sustainable Development Technology Canada, Business Development Canada, and other entities demonstrate the commitment to fostering innovation in urban areas.

Through strategic partnerships and engaged community involvement, Vancouver can harness the power of collaborative urban planning to create a more sustainable, liveable, and vibrant city for all. By aligning the efforts of local government, non-profit organisations, and the private sector, the future of Vancouver’s urban landscape can be shaped to prioritise the needs and well-being of its residents.

Vancouver’s urban landscape is poised for significant transformation as it embraces human-centred design principles²⁹. The future of the city’s urban fabric will likely be characterised by a balance between high-density development and community-focused spaces, with a strong emphasis on sustainability and technological integration²⁹³⁰., ‘Vancouverism’, an internationally recognised term for the city’s urban design, will continue to evolve, adapting to the needs of its residents and the environment³⁰.

Urban designers and planners are called upon to prioritise human experiences, environmental considerations, and community needs in their work²⁹. As Vancouver continues to evolve beyond its glass tower legacy, the city has the opportunity to become a global leader in innovative, sustainable, and human-centred urban design²⁹³⁰., This will require a collaborative effort between local government, the Urban Design Panel, and various stakeholders to ensure that the city’s future development aligns with the principles of³⁰ human-centred design and community-focused development.

The urban design landscape in Vancouver is poised for a transformative shift, one that prioritises the needs and well-being of its residents. By embracing innovative, sustainable, and human-centred design principles, the city can create a vibrant, liveable, and inclusive urban environment that serves as a model for cities around the world²⁹³⁰.,

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