Manyan ƙasashe a Turai don Gyara Gine-gine

gine-gine a duk duniya suna amfani da sama da kashi 25% na makamashin duniya, wanda ke haifar da girma Karkashin gas. Don bugawa Net Zero nan da 2050, muna buƙatar haɓaka ɗaruruwan miliyoyin gine-gine. Wannan babban aiki ne ga manyan kasashen Turai a ciki sake gyarawa gine-gine¹.

The yi Sashin babban mai amfani da makamashi ne, wanda ke samar da kashi 30% na amfanin duniya da kashi 27% na hayaki. Wannan ya sa ƙarfin aiki a Turai mai matukar muhimmanci ga ci gaba mai dorewa. Hukumar Kula da Makamashi ta Duniya (IEA) ta ce dole ne mu sake gyarawa aƙalla kashi 20% na gine-ginen da ake da su nan da 2030. Wannan wata babbar manufa ce don sake fasalin shugabannin Turai.¹.

Ƙididdigar Retrofit ta Duniya ta ƙima ƙasashe akan ma'auni 11. Babu wata ƙasa ta G20 da ta yi nasara akan komai, yana nuna muna buƙatar yin mafi kyau a Turai. Ko da mafi kyawun ƙasashen Turai suna da abubuwa da yawa da za su yi don cimma burin IEA. Zurfin kuzari sake gyarawa zai iya yanke amfani da makamashi da hayaki, yana sa gine-gine ya fi dacewa².

Kungiyar Tarayyar Turai na da burin zama nahiya ta farko da ba ta da tsaka-tsakin yanayi nan da shekara ta 2050. Wannan burin ya haifar da hauhawar kore gini qaddamarwa da kuma sake fasalin abubuwan ƙarfafawa⁴. Gina sake fasalin shine mabuɗin wannan manufa, saboda yana rage amfani da makamashi da hayaƙi. Bangaren gine-gine a cikin EU ne ke da alhakin kusan kashi 36% na carbon dioxide watsi da shi⁴.

Yawancin gine-ginen EU an gina su kafin shekarun 1970, tare da kashi 66% daga cikinsu⁴. Wannan ya sa sake fasalin ya zama mahimmanci don sanya waɗannan gine-gine su zama masu ƙarfi. Bature Green Yarjejeniyar na nufin rage amfani da makamashi da hayaki, tare da sake fasalin da ke taka muhimmiyar rawa a wannan.

Tarayyar Turai na shirin kashe Yuro biliyan 1 cikin shekaru goma wajen gina gine-gine⁴. Wannan kudi zai taimaka wajen bunkasa koren gine gine da kuma sake fasalin abubuwan ƙarfafawa. Zai karfafa ayyukan gini masu dorewa a bangaren gine-gine. Kamar yadda EU ke matsawa dokokin gini na Turai da ginawa mai dorewa, aikin sake fasalin zai girma.

Fahimtar Haɗin Gine-gine na Turai da Tsarin Green Deal na Turai tasiri akan sake gyarawa yana da mahimmanci. Yana nuna muhimmancin of koren gine gine da kuma sake fasalin abubuwan ƙarfafawa a kai ga nahiyar mai tsaka-tsakin yanayi nan da 2050⁵.

Jamus ce ke kan gaba wajen samar da gine-gine masu amfani da makamashi. Yana mai da hankali kan sabunta tsoffin gine-gine don amfani da ƙarancin kuzari. Gwamnati tana ba da lamuni mai ƙarancin ruwa da tallafi don taimakawa⁶. Wannan yunƙurin ya rage fitar da iskar gas da kashi 2% a cikin 2022⁶.

Ma'aikatar Tattalin Arziki ta Tarayya da Ayyukan Yanayi (BMWK) da Ma'aikatar Tarayya ta muhalli (BMUV) ya jagoranci manufofin makamashi na Jamus. Suna nufin yin amfani da ƙari sabunta makamashi, kamar iska da hasken rana⁷. Wannan burin wani bangare ne na babban shiri na rage amfani da makamashi da hayaki da kashi 30% nan da shekarar 2020⁷.

gyare-gyare masu dacewa da makamashi kawo fa'idodi da yawa. Suna rage amfani da makamashi da hayaki, da kuma samar da ayyukan yi. A Jamus, sama da ayyuka 500,000 aka yi a cikin makamashin da ake sabuntawa tun 2006⁷. Ga wasu mahimman fa'idodi:

A taƙaice dai, hanyar da Jamus ke bi wajen inganta aikin samar da makamashi ya zama misali mai kyau ga wasu. Ta hanyar tallafawa sabbin abubuwa masu amfani da makamashi da ayyukan kore, Jamus ta rage hayaki da haɓaka ayyuka da tattalin arziƙi⁶.

Ƙasashen Scandinavia suna jagorantar sake gina gine-gine mai dorewa. Denmark, Sweden, da kuma Norway mayar da hankali kan sababbin hanyoyi da mafita. Suna da nufin rage amfani da makamashi da hayaki nan da 2020 da 2050⁸.

A Sweden, gine-gine na amfani da kashi 30% na makamashin kasar kuma suna haifar da kashi 7% na hayaki⁸. Gwamnati na son daina amfani da su burbushin halittu don dumama nan da 2020⁸. Tarayyar Turai tana da gine-gine miliyan 110 da ke buƙatar gyara, tare da 35% sama da shekaru 50⁹.

Denmark na kan gaba ci gaba mai dorewa a Turai. Yana mai da hankali kan inganta yanayin yanayi da sababbin hanyoyin. Kasar tana amfani gundumar dumama da biofuels don yanke makamashi da hayaki⁸.

Sweden babbar ƙasa ce don dorewar gine-ginen sake fasalin gini. Yana da nufin rage makamashi da hayaki. Sweden tana amfani da dumama gundumomi da man biofuels don rage ta tasirin muhalli⁸. Ana amfani da BREEAM a cikin 80% na ƙwararrun EU gine-gine masu dorewa, musamman a Birtaniya⁹.

Norway ita ce jagora a cikin ci gaba mai dorewa, musamman a cikin Arctic. Yana mai da hankali kan sake gyarawa da inganta yanayin yanayi. Norway na amfani da dumama gundumomi da man fetur don rage makamashi da hayaki⁸. EU na da burin samun 20% na ceton makamashi nan da shekarar 2020⁹.

The Netherlands kai cikin tattalin arziki madauwari sake gyarawa, da nufin yanke sharar gida da haɓakawa dorewa¹⁰. Gidaje bayan sake gyarawa suna amfani da 70-80% ƙarancin kuzari¹⁰. Ƙasar tana amfani da hutun haraji da lamuni mai ƙarancin ruwa don ƙarfafa haɓaka mai dorewa.

Yin amfani da abubuwan ƙarfafawa ya nuna yana da tasiri a cikin Netherlands. Ya kafa ma'auni ga sauran ƙasashe¹¹. Dokokin gine-gine na Turai kuma suna tallafawa ci gaba mai dorewa, mai da hankali kan makamashi da yanke hayaki¹².

Sake fasalin tattalin arzikin madauwari na Netherlands yana kawo fa'idodi da yawa:

• Karancin amfani da makamashi da fitarwa
• Kara kayan dorewa da rage sharar gida
• Sabbin ayyuka da ci gaban tattalin arziki
• Ingantattun yanayin rayuwa ga mazauna

Samfurin sake fasalin Netherlands shine fitila ga wasu. Ƙoƙarin rage sharar sa da ƙoƙarce-ƙoƙarce ya rage kuzari da hayaƙi sosai¹⁰. Kamar yadda EU ke matsawa kore gine-gine, Hanyar Netherlands za ta zama mahimmanci¹².

Faransa ta fara wani babban shirin sake gyarawa. Yana da nufin rage talaucin makamashi da inganta sabunta birane. Wannan ya dace da tsarin gine-ginen koren ƙasar da tsare-tsaren ceton makamashi. Shirin yana ba da tallafi da lamuni mai ƙarancin ruwa don taimakawa masu ginin su inganta kadarorinsu¹³.

Gwamnatin Faransa na son inganta gidaje 500,000 kowace shekara. Suna mai da hankali kan taimaka wa waɗanda suka fi bukata. Wannan wani bangare ne na shirinsu na yaki da talaucin makamashi da tallafawa ci gaba mai dorewa¹³. Gine-gine a Faransa babban tushen hayakin iskar gas ne, wanda ke da sama da kashi 25% na su¹³.

Wasu muhimman sassa na shirin sake fasalin Faransa sune:

• Ƙoƙarin rage amfani da makamashi da hayaƙi¹³
• Ayyukan da za a yi birane mafi kyau kuma mafi dorewa¹³
• Tallafi da lamuni don taimakawa masu ginin gini tare da haɓakawa¹³

Gine-gine a Faransa na amfani da makamashi mai yawa, wanda ke da kashi 40% na makamashin da kasar ke amfani da shi. Jimillar yanki na gine-gine bai wuce m² biliyan 4 ba¹³. Gwamnati na fatan sanya gine-gine su yi amfani da makamashi da yawa nan da shekarar 2050, da nufin samar da 80 kWh/m² a shekara.¹³.

Manyan kasashe a Turai sun yi amfani da dabaru masu kyau don inganta gine-ginensu. Sun kafa manufofi, sun ba da ƙarfafawa, kuma sun gwada sababbin hanyoyin ginawa mai dorewa. Wannan ya haifar da babban raguwar amfani da makamashi da hayaki mai gurbata yanayi. Gine-gine a cikin EU suna amfani da kashi 40% na makamashi kuma suna fitar da kashi 36% na hayakin GHG¹⁴.

Gyara gine-ginen EU zai iya rage amfani da makamashi da hayaki da kashi 5%¹⁴.

Wadannan kasashe sun mayar da hankali kan amfani da fasahar ceton makamashi, kamar tsarin rufin rana. Wadannan tsarin na iya rage farashin wutar lantarki da kashi 75%¹⁵. Sun kuma ga 38% tsalle kore ayyuka ta hanyar al'ummomin makamashi¹⁵.

Ga tebur da ke nuna wasu nasarorin da suka samu:

Wadannan kasashe sun nuna akwai yiwuwar rage amfani da makamashi da hayaki mai yawa. Sun kuma inganta ayyukan gine-gine masu dorewa da kore¹⁴.

Taimakon kuɗi da tallafi shine mabuɗin don samun masu ginin su sake gyara kaddarorinsu. Wannan aikin yana rage amfani da makamashi da hayaƙin iska. Ƙungiyar Tarayyar Turai tana ba da tallafi da tallafi don taimakawa wajen gina gine-gine¹⁶. Waɗannan kayan taimako suna taimaka wa masu su magance tsadar farashin sake gyarawa.

Dokokin gine-gine na Turai ma suna taka rawa, da nufin rage amfani da makamashi da hayaki¹⁷. EU ta Ayyukan Makamashi na Umarnin Gine-gine ya kafa matakan makamashi don gine-gine. Hakanan yana ba da ƙarfafawa ga masu su cika waɗannan ƙa'idodi. Sabis na Farfadowa da Juriya na EU yana ba da kuɗin gina ayyukan gyare-gyare, yana tallafawa ƙoƙarin sake fasalin¹⁸.

Wasu manyan taimakon kuɗi don sake fasalin sun haɗa da:

• Tallafin gwamnati da tallafi
• Zuba jari na kamfanoni masu zaman kansu
• Shirye-shiryen tallafin EU

Waɗannan abubuwan ƙarfafawa suna taimakawa wajen sabunta gine-gine, wanda ke haifar da ƙarancin amfani da makamashi da hayaƙi¹⁶. Manufar EU ita ce ƙarfafa masu mallakar su sake fasalin. Wannan yana goyan bayan kore, mafi ƙarfin kuzari gina yanayi.

gyare-gyare masu dacewa da makamashi suna da mahimmanci a fannin gine-gine na Turai. Koren sake fasalin yanayin suna jagorantar hanya a cikin dorewa. Bangaren ginin yana da alhakin kashi 35% na hayaki masu alaƙa da makamashi a cikin EU da 32% na yawan iskar gas¹⁹. Wannan yana nuna buƙatar gaggawar sabbin hanyoyin magance amfani da makamashi da hayaƙi.

Fasahar gini mai wayo da tsarin makamashi mai sabuntawa suna da mahimmanci don sake fasalin nasara. Misali, na'urori masu kula da makamashi a cikin gidaje na iya rage amfani da makamashi da farashi²⁰. Na'urorin da ake amfani da su na rufin rufin rana da na famfo na zafi sun kuma yanke hayaki mai gurbata yanayi¹⁹.

Biranen kamar Galway da Krakow ne ke kan gaba wajen sake fasalin koren. Suna amfani da shirin NetZeroCities²⁰. Wannan yana nufin sake fasalin gine-gine tare da kayan gida da fasahar ceton makamashi. Kamar yadda ake bukata gyare-gyare masu amfani da makamashi girma, za mu ga ƙarin sababbin hanyoyin magance.

gyare-gyare masu inganci da kuzari da sake fasalin kore suna ba da fa'idodi da yawa. Suna rage amfani da makamashi, rage fitar da hayaki, da adana farashi ga masu su da masu amfani. Kamar yadda EU ta mayar da hankali akai ci gaban ci gaba da yankan iskar carbon, sabbin fasahohin fasaha za su taka rawar gani wajen sake fasalin nasara¹⁹.

Dokokin gini na Turai mabuɗin don tabbatar da sake fasalin an yi daidai. Yarjejeniyar Green Deal ta Turai tana nufin fitar da hayakin sifili nan da shekara ta 2050. Wannan yana nufin babban saka hannun jari a samar da kore.²¹. Takaddun shaida na aikin makamashi da ka'idojin gini suna taimakawa wajen sa sake fasalin ya kasance mai dorewa.

Ayyukan Makamashi na Umarnin Gine-gine (EPBD) yana son rage fitar da hayaki da kashi 60 cikin 2030 nan da shekarar XNUMX²¹. Nan da 2021, duk sabbin gine-ginen EU dole ne su kasance kusan kuzari²¹. BR23 na Denmark yana da nufin rage kashi 70% na hayakin gini nan da 2030²¹.

Kashi 40% na gine-gine a cikin ƙasashe masu tasowa an gina su kafin 1980²². Manufar ita ce a sanya kashi 20% na gine-ginen da ake da su su zama sifili-carbon nan da 2030²². Don cimma maƙasudin lalata, ana buƙatar ƙimar gyare-gyare mai zurfi na 2% na shekara-shekara daga yanzu har zuwa 2030²².

Tebur mai zuwa yana taƙaita wasu maɓalli dokokin gini na Turai da hari:

Waɗannan ƙa'idodin sun nuna mahimmanci dokokin gini na Turai don koren haɓakawa da yanke fitar da hayaki ne²¹. Ta hanyar bin waɗannan, EU za ta iya cimma burinta na fitar da hayaki na sifili nan da shekara ta 2050. Wannan zai sa muhallinmu ya kasance mai dorewa.²².

A Turai, ƙasashe da yawa suna aiki gidajen jama'a sake gyarawa. Suna nufin rage talaucin makamashi da karfafa gwiwa kore rayuwa²³. Waɗannan ƙoƙarce-ƙoƙarce sun haɗa da shirye-shiryen sake fasalin, haɓaka haɓaka makamashi, da sabbin hanyoyin biyan kuɗin waɗannan canje-canje, kamar aikin Opengela. Wannan aikin yana ba da lamuni na shekaru 15 ga iyalai masu karamin karfi²³.

The Kudin Gida Mai araha Ƙaddamarwa yana da kasafin kuɗi na kusan Yuro miliyan 1, wanda EU ke bayarwa. Ya taimaka yankunan 22 a cikin shekaru biyu. An mayar da hankali kan samar da gidaje mafi inganci da kuzari da maraba ga kowa²³.

Gidajen zamantakewa yana da kusan kashi 8% na duk gidaje a cikin EU. Kasashe kamar Austria, Denmark, da Netherlands suna da ƙari, har zuwa 20%²⁴. Don isa ga hannun jari mai tsaka tsaki na carbon nan da 2050, muna buƙatar sabunta gidaje da yawa²⁴. gyare-gyare mai zurfi na iya inganta gine-gine don rayuwa, kiwon lafiya, da muhalli²⁵.

Wasu masu ba da gidaje, kamar Himmerland Boligforening a Aalborg Gabas, suna da nufin inganta rayuwa da ilimi ga mazauna.²³. Kusan gidaje miliyan 25 ne Housing Turai ke kula da su, wanda shine kusan kashi 11% na gidajen Turai.²³. EU na son zama mai tsaka-tsakin carbon nan da 2050, kuma sake fasalin gidaje na zamantakewa shine mabuɗin wannan burin.²⁴. Ta hanyar amfani da hanyoyin gine-ginen kore da abubuwan ƙarfafawa, za mu iya rage amfani da makamashi da hayaƙi, taimakawa duniyarmu.²⁵.

A duk faɗin Turai, ayyukan sauye-sauyen gini na kasuwanci suna haɓaka. Suna mayar da hankali kan samar da gine-ginen da za su kasance masu amfani da makamashi da kuma dorewa. Wannan matakin dai ya yi daidai da kokarin da Tarayyar Turai ke yi na rage fitar da hayaki da kuma yaki canjin yanayi²⁶.

Gine-gine a duk duniya babban tushen iskar CO2 ne, tare da kashi 39% na duk hayakin da ke fitowa daga gare su²⁷. Don magance wannan, kamfanoni suna haɓakawa zuwa tsarin ingantaccen makamashi da kuma bincika sabbin zaɓuɓɓukan kuɗi. Misali, aikin BUILD UPON yana da kasafin Yuro miliyan 2.35 kuma ya ƙunshi Majalisar Gina Green daga ƙasashe 13.²⁶.

Babban fa'idodin waɗannan ayyukan sun haɗa da:

• Ƙananan amfani da makamashi da ƙananan hayaki
• Better ingancin iska da lafiya ga masu ciki
• Ƙimar dukiya mafi girma da gasa
• Taimakawa ƙirƙirar ingantaccen muhallin gina kore

EU na son ganin gyare-gyare mai zurfi a kashi 3% na gine-gine a kowace shekara nan da 2030²⁷. Kamfanoni dole ne su rungumi tsarin sake fasalin kore kuma su saka hannun jari a inganta ingantaccen makamashi. Ta wannan hanyar, za su iya rage tasirin muhallinsu, haɓaka hotonsu, da kuma taimakawa wajen gina kyakkyawar makoma.

A Turai, adana gine-ginen tarihi babban abu ne. Yawancin ayyuka suna nufin kiyaye waɗannan gine-gine a tsaye yayin da suke rage amfani da makamashi. Wannan ƙoƙarin ba kawai ceton mu bane al'adun gargajiya amma kuma yana taimakawa muhalli.

Yawancin tsofaffin gine-gine a Turai suna buƙatar ƙara ƙarfin makamashi. Kusan kashi 20-30% na gidaje a Burtaniya suna da ƙimar tarihi²⁸. Sanya waɗannan gine-gine su zama masu ƙarfi-mafi wayo babban ƙalubale ne, amma abu ne mai yuwuwa.

Babban tsadar kuɗi da rashin riba daga masu shi babban tarnaƙi ne. Duk da haka, sauƙaƙan canje-canje kamar mafi kyawun rufi da haske na iya yin babban bambanci²⁹. Gine-gine a Turai suna amfani da kusan kashi 40% na duk kuzari, yana nuna yadda mahimmancin sake fasalin yake³⁰.

Sarrafa ƙalubalen sake fasalin shine mabuɗin. Yana taimakawa ci gaba da tarihin gine-gine yayin ƙara sabbin gidaje²⁹. Tsofaffin gine-gine na fuskantar matsala domin ba a gina su da tsarin ceton makamashi na yau ba²⁹. Matsayi kamar EN 16883: 2017 da ayyuka kamar IEA-SHC Task 59 suna taimakawa nemo hanyoyin da za a iya samar da waɗannan gine-ginen masu ƙarfi.³⁰.

Ayyukan sake fasalin sun kawo babban canji, inda ƙasashe da yawa suka rage yawan amfani da makamashi da hayaƙi³¹. A Turai, samar da gine-gine masu amfani da makamashi shine mabuɗin don rage tasirin muhalli. Kusan kashi 40% na makamashin EU yana shiga cikin gine-gine, kuma sama da kashi uku na hayakinta na fitowa daga gare su³¹.

Ginin sake fasalin zai iya adana har zuwa 80% na makamashi a cikin tsoffin gine-gine³². EU na son rage fitar da hayaki mai gurbata muhalli da kashi 55 cikin 2030 nan da shekarar XNUMX. Wannan na nufin ana bukatar aiki da yawa don sanya gine-ginen ya fi karfin makamashi a fadin EU.³².

Amfanin sake gyarawa a bayyane yake:

• Karancin kuzarin da aka yi amfani da shi
• Ƙananan hayaki
• Mafi kyawun iska a ciki
• Ƙimar dukiya mafi girma

EU ta yi niyyar gina gine-ginen da ba za a iya fitar da su ba nan da shekara ta 2050. Wannan ya nuna yadda ingantaccen makamashi da sake fasalin makamashi suke a Turai.³¹. Tare da tsare-tsare masu dacewa da fasaha, za mu iya gina kyakkyawar makoma ga kowa.

Ana danganta makomar ginin sake gyarawa koren gine gine da kuma sake fasalin abubuwan ƙarfafawa. An tsara waɗannan ne don haɓaka haɓakar masana'antu. Duniya tana tafiya ayyuka masu dorewa, karuwar bukatar gine-gine masu amfani da makamashi.

Bayanan kididdiga³³ ya nuna cewa gine-gine na da kashi 40% na makamashin duniya da hayaƙin CO2. Wannan yana nuna bukatar hakan sake fasalin abubuwan ƙarfafawa don yanke fitar da hayaki.

Hanyoyin da ke tasowa sun haɗa da amfani da madadin mai da makamashi mai sabuntawa. Wannan na iya rage fitar da siminti da kashi 20%³³. Ingancin makamashi na iya rage buƙatun wutar lantarki da masana'antar siminti da kashi 30%³³.

Ƙoƙarin noman kore na duniya yana buƙatar zuba jarin dala tiriliyan 3.5, tare da dala tiriliyan 1.5 don kasuwanni masu tasowa.³³.

Sabunta abubuwan ƙarfafawa na bukatar zuba jari na dalar Amurka tiriliyan 3 a duniya³⁴. Duniyar Arewa dole ne ta ninka adadin isar da iskar gas har sau uku zuwa aƙalla kashi 3% a kowace shekara³⁴. Decarbonizing portfolios farashin 10% -20% na AUM, tare da bambancin matakin kadara.³⁴.

Wani sake fasalin ofis na tsakiyar London ya ga raguwar amfani da makamashi 70% da tanadin tan 200 CO2³⁴. Wannan na iya ƙara yawan dawowa da maki 225 a cikin shekaru 10³⁴.

Makomar ginin gine-gine yana da haske, tare da buƙatar girma kore himma da abubuwan kara kuzari. Yayin da masana'antu ke haɓaka, za mu ga ƙarin sabbin hanyoyin warwarewa da fasaha. Wadannan za su haifar da girma da kuma yanke hayaki.

Hannun gine-ginen Turai na amfani da kashi 40% na makamashin EU³⁵. Ƙirƙirar gine-gine mafi ƙarfin makamashi shine mabuɗin don rage amfani da makamashi da hayaki. Green retrofitting yana zama mafi shahara, da nufin haxa makamashi ceto tare da amfani makamashi mai sabuntawa a cikin gini updates³⁵.

Koyaya, sake fasalin yana fuskantar matsaloli da yawa. Kimanin Turawa miliyan 34 ne ba sa iya samun damar dumama gidajensu³⁵. Wannan yana nuna buƙatar zaɓuɓɓukan sake gyarawa mai araha da sauƙi don samun dama. Amfani da sabbin kayan aikin kuɗi, kamar EPC, har yanzu yana da iyaka kuma baya taimakawa tare da manyan gyare-gyare³⁵.

Don magance waɗannan batutuwa, gwamnatoci da ƙungiyoyi suna fara sabbin ayyuka. Misali, “Superbonus” na Italiya yana ba mutane da kamfanoni damar yin gyare-gyare tare da taimakon kuɗi³⁵. Majalisar Tarayyar Turai tana kuma aiki da tsare-tsare da za su saukaka wa masu gine-gine gyara³⁶.

Ɗauki koren sake gyarawa da gyare-gyaren ceton makamashi yana kawo fa'idodi da yawa. Yana taimakawa rage amfani da makamashi, fitar da hayaki, da talaucin makamashi. Yana da mahimmanci a ci gaba da tallafawa waɗannan ƙoƙarce-ƙoƙarce don ingantaccen yanayi mai ƙarfi da kuzari.

• Amfani da makamashi a cikin gine-gine yana da fiye da kashi 25% na hayaƙin GHG na duniya¹.
• Daruruwan miliyoyin gine-gine suna buƙatar haɓakawa don cimma Net Zero nan da 2050¹.
• IEA tana ba da shawarar cewa aƙalla kashi 20% na gine-ginen da ake da su ya kamata su sami ƙarfin sake fasalin makamashi nan da 2030.¹.
• Sake fasalin makamashi mai zurfi na iya rage yawan amfani da makamashi da hayaki².
• Kimanin m² biliyan 17.6 na sararin bene yana wanzu a cikin EU-27, tare da 15 biliyan m² ana dumama³.
• Kasashen da ke da mafi girman amfani da makamashi don dalilai na zama sun haɗa da Faransa, Jamus, Italiya, Netherlands, Poland, da Burtaniya³.

Makomar³⁷ ginin sake gyarawa a Turai ya dubi haske. Buri ɗaya ne ke jagorantar shi don dorewa da ingantaccen makamashi. Tarayyar Turai na son rubanya adadin gyare-gyaren makamashi nan da shekarar 2030³⁷. Wannan zai haifar da ƙarin sabbin fasahohi da manufofi masu ƙarfi.

Gyaran makamashi mai zurfi zai iya rage amfani da makamashi da kashi 60%³⁷. Wannan babban mataki ne zuwa ga burin EU na kasancewa tsaka tsaki na carbon nan da tsakiyar karni. Amma, muna buƙatar gyara sau biyu cikin sauri don cimma waɗannan maƙasudin³⁷. Wannan yana nufin muna buƙatar zuba jari mai yawa.

Taimakon gwamnati, kuɗaɗe masu zaman kansu, da ayyukan mutum ɗaya za su zama mabuɗin³⁷. Masu gida da masu kula da kadarori suna da babban rawar da zasu taka. Suna buƙatar sanin yanayin kuma a ba su ikon yin canje-canje. Wannan zai taimaka wajen samar da ci gaba mai dorewa a Turai.

Jamus, Denmark, da Faransa ne ke kan gaba wajen sake fasalin³⁷. Nan gaba za ta ga haɗakar sabbin fasaha, canje-canjen manufofi, da sauye-sauyen ɗabi'a. Wannan zai canza³⁸ Yanayin ginin Turai na shekaru masu zuwa.

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2. Samfuran Sake Gyaran Zurfafa: Ra'ayin Duniya - Cibiyar Inganta Makamashi - https://energyefficiencyhub.org/resources/deep-retrofit-models-a-global-perspective/
3. Hannun Ginin Turai - Cikakken Nazarin - https://cordis.europa.eu/article/id/138853-europes-building-stock-a-comprehensive-study
4. Sauƙaƙe Sharuɗɗa don Sake Matsala a cikin ƙasashen Turai - https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/5/2408
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6. Jamus – Makamashi – https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/germany-energy
7. PDF - https://sticerd.lse.ac.uk/dps/case/cp/cccsummary.pdf
8. PDF - https://formas.se/download/18.462d60ec167c69393b91e53c/1549956093043/Formas_SB11_brochure.pdf
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10. PDF - https://world-habitat.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Project-Summary-Energiesprong-The-Netherlands.pdf
11. Sassan - https://www.circularity-gap.world/sectors
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17. PDF - https://www.eurima.org/uploads/files/modules/articles/1577093388_Eurima-Financing_Mechanisms.pdf
18. Yadda za a ba da kuɗin shirin rage ƙera ginin ƙungiyar Tarayyar Turai - https://www.bruegel.org/policy-brief/how-finance-european-unions-building-decarbonisation-plan
19. Gyara Turai: Ƙaddamar da dama a cikin yanayin da aka gina - https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/electric-power-and-natural-gas/our-insights/refurbishing-europe-igniting-opportunities-in-the-built-environment
20. Ta yaya sake fasalin zai haifar da mafi koshin lafiya, mafi yawan biranen rayuwa? -Climate-KIC - https://www.climate-kic.org/news/how-can-retrofitting-create-healthier-more-liveable-cities/
21. Green Ginin Dokoki a Turai - https://www.revalu.io/journal/green-construction-in-europe-taxonomy-epbd-and-building-regulations
22. Gyara kusan kashi 20% na kayan gini na yanzu zuwa sifili-carbon-shirya nan da 2030 yana da buri amma ya zama dole - Bincike - IEA - https://www.iea.org/reports/renovation-of-near-20-of-existing-building-stock-to-zero-carbon-ready-by-2030-is-ambitious-but-necessary
23. Juyin juya halin gidaje masu araha na Turai: Ƙarfin jagoranci ta misali - https://sustainable-energy-week.ec.europa.eu/news/europes-affordable-housing-revolution-power-leading-example-2025-01-30_en
24. Bayar da kuɗaɗe mai zurfi na sake fasalin gidaje na zamantakewa tare da cikakkiyar tsarin unguwa | Sarakuna masu kyau Kasuwa - https://smart-cities-marketplace.ec.europa.eu/news-and-events/events/financing-deep-retrofit-social-housing-holistic-neighbourhood-approach
25. Sake fasalin gidaje na zamantakewa: nazarin shari'a a cikin haɗin kai - https://www.re-dwell.eu/publications/social-housing-retrofit-case-studies-in-resident-engagement
26. An ƙaddamar da aikin sake fasalin haɗin gwiwa mafi girma a duniya don yanke hayaki daga gine-gine - Majalisar Gina Koren Duniya - https://worldgbc.org/article/worlds-largest-collaborative-retrofit-project-launches-to-cut-emissions-from-buildings/
27. Sake gyara gine-gine da gidajen gaba - https://smartbuildingsmagazine.com/features/retrofitting-the-buildings-and-homes-of-the-future
28. Sake tunani sake fasalin gine-ginen gado na zama | Gine-gine & Birane - https://journal-buildingscities.org/articles/10.5334/bc.94
29. Yin Nazari Mahimman Mahimman Matsala don Sake Gyara Gine-ginen Tarihi Don Cimma Tushen Sifili na Net - https://openconstructionbuildingtechnologyjournal.com/VOLUME/18/ELOCATOR/e18748368357448/FULLTEXT/
30. Maganganun Sake Gyara-Dace da Kiyayewa a Gine-ginen Tarihi: Haɗin Kan Hanya - https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/5/2927
31. Ayyukan Makamashi na Umarnin Gine-gine - https://energy.ec.europa.eu/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficient-buildings/energy-performance-buildings-directive_en
32. Babi na 9: Gine-gine- https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg3/chapter/chapter-9/
33. Gina Koren Gina: Gina Mai Dorewa a Kasuwanni masu tasowa - https://www.ifc.org/en/insights-reports/2023/building-green-in-emerging-markets
34. PDF - https://www.jll.co.uk/content/dam/jll-com/documents/pdf/research/jll-retrofitting-buildings-to-be-future-fit.pdf
35. Haɓaka Gine-gine Mai zurfi a cikin EU - Fedarene - https://fedarene.org/promoting-deep-renovation-buildings-across-the-eu/
36. Guguwar gyara koren EU na fuskantar koma baya - https://www.politico.eu/article/eus-green-renovation-wave-faces-backlash/
37. Haɓaka gyare-gyaren ingantaccen makamashi na gine-ginen zama - tsarin ɗabi'a - https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/accelerating-the-energy-efficiency
38. Dama a Turai ta Green Retrofit | Morgan Stanley - https://www.morganstanley.com/ideas/european-green-deal-buildings