Slovakia Sacred Natural Sites uye Biodiversity
Wanga uchiziva here kuti Slovakia imusha kune anopfuura 11,323 chirimwa howa, marudzi emhuka anopfuura 28,800 1,000, uye marudzi anopfuura XNUMX XNUMX eprotozoa? Iyi nyika diki yeEurope iri pakati peCarpathian Mountains nePannonian lowlands ine mhando dzakasiyana-siyana. maruva nemhuka. Zvisinei, pfuma iyi ye biodiversity iri kutarisana netyisidziro huru, kusanganisira kurasikirwa kwekugara uye kuderera kwevanhu.
Muchinyorwa chino, tichaongorora mamiriro uye mafambiro ezvipenyu zvakasiyana muSlovakia, matambudziko ainosangana nawo, uye kuedza kuchengetedza kuitwa kuchengetedza nhaka yaro yechisikigo. Tichapindawo mutsika nemweya kukosha of nzvimbo tsvene dzechisikigo muSlovakia nebasa ravo mu kuchengetedza zvipenyu.
Sangana nesu parwendo urwu kuti uwane iyo yakasarudzika runako uye kukosha yeSlovakia nzvimbo tsvene dzechisikigo uye nhamburiko dzinopfuurira dzokudzichengeta.
Zvitsva Zvitsva:
- Slovakia imusha kune nhamba inoshamisa yemiti nemhuka
- Zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana muSlovakia zviri kutyisidzirwa nekurasikirwa kwepokugara uye kuderera kwevanhu
- Sacred natural sites kuita basa rakakosha mu biodiversity kuchengetedza
- Slovakia iri kuita nhamburiko dzekuchengetedza kuchengetedza nhaka yayo yechisikigo
- Zvizvarwa nharaunda dzinobatikana mazviri kuchengetedza zvipenyu
Biodiversity Status uye Maitiro muSlovakia
Kana zvasvika pakusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu, Slovakia ine marudzi akasiyana-siyana emaruva nemhuka. Nyika iyi ine marudzi anopfuura 11,000 28,000 emiti uye anopfuura XNUMX mhuka dzemhuka, zvichiita kuti ive nzvimbo yechokwadi muzvarirwo vanofarira uye vaongorori zvakafanana. Zvisinei, zvakasiyana ecosystems muSlovakia vakatarisana nekutyisidzirwa izvo zvakonzera kudzikira kwehuwandu hwevanhu uye kuparadzirwa kwemarudzi mazhinji, zvakanyanya nekuda kwekurasikirwa kwenzvimbo uye kushandiswa kwakanyanya zviwanikwa.
Slovakia's zvipenyu zviri mungozi zvinosanganisira hove, mhuka dzomusango, zvinokambaira, shiri, uye mhuka dzinoyamwisa, zvichisimbisa kudikanwa kwokukurumidzira kwenhamburiko dzokuchengetedza kudzivirira izvi zvisikwa zvinokosha zvikuru. Nzvimbo dzekugara dzakaita senge halophyte, nzvimbo dzine matombo, uye masango zvinonyanya kutambudzika uye zvinoda kutariswa zvakanyanya kuitira kuchengetedza kusimba kwenzvimbo. ecosystem.
Mukuona kukosha kwekuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana uye kubudirira kwakasimba, Slovakia yakaita matanho akati wandei ekugadzirisa matambudziko aripo. Nyika yakagadzira yakazara National Biodiversity Strategy uye Action Plans, iyo inoshanda senzira inotungamira kuchengetedza. Slovakian natural heritage nekusimudzira kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza muSlovakia. Aya mazano anotarisira kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwenguva refu kwezvisikwa zvakasiyana-siyana, zvichifambisa kugarisana kwakanaka pakati pezvisikwa nemabasa evanhu.
Zvisikwa Zvipenyu Zvekuchengetedza Matanho muSlovakia
- Kugadzwa kwe nzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa: Slovakia yakawedzera chikamu chenzvimbo dzakadzivirirwa kubva ku23% kusvika ku36%, ichiisa pamberi pekuchengetedzwa kwenzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekugara uye mhuka dzisina njodzi. Nyika yakagadzira mapaki enyika, nzvimbo dzinochengeterwa mhuka, uye nzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa dzinoshanda senzvimbo dzinochengeterwa zvinhu zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana.
- Kudzora mhuka dzinoparadza: Mhuka dzedzimwe nyika dzinoparadza dzinoisa njodzi kumaruva nemhuka dzemuno muSlovakia. Nyika yakaita mapurojekiti uye zvirongwa zvekudzora kupararira kwezvipenyu izvi zvinoparadza uye kuderedza zvadzo kuchinja pa ecosystem.
- Promotion ye kutsigira kusimukira: Slovakia inoona kukosha kwekuenzanisa kusimukira kwehupfumi nekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza. National Biodiversity Strategy uye Action Plans inosimbisa kukosha kwe miitiro yakadzikama muzvikamu zvakaita sekurima, masango, uye kushanya, kuona kuti zviitiko zvevanhu hazvikanganise kuvimbika nekusimba kwenharaunda. dzinogara zvisikwa.
Kuburikidza neizvi matanho ekuchengetedza, Slovakia yakazvipira kuchengetedza kusiyana-siyana kwayo kwezvipenyu uye kuchengetedza nhaka yayo yakasikwa kuitira zvizvarwa zvinotevera. Nekushingairira kuita zvirongwa zvekuchengetedza nharaunda, nyika iri kugadzira nzira ye remangwana rakasimba izvo zvinoisa pamberi utano uye hupenyu hwakanaka yezvose zvakasikwa uye nevanhu vayo.
| Zvipenyu zviri Mungozi | Nzvimbo Dzinotyisidzirwa |
|---|---|
| hove | Halophyte Habitats |
| Amphibians | Rocky Habitats |
| Reptiles | masango |
| Birds | |
| Mammita |
Kutyisidzira kune Zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana muSlovakia
MuSlovakia, zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinotarisana nekutyisidzirwa kwakawanda kunobva muzviitiko zvevanhu uye nemamiriro ekunze. Izvi zvityisidziro, kana zvikasagadziriswa, zvinogona kuve nemhedzisiro yakaipa kuchengetedzwa kwenzvimbo dzechivanhu, kuchengetedzwa kwemarudzi akasiyana-siyana, uye kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza muSlovakia.
Kuparadzaniswa kweHabitat: Imwe yekutyisidzira kukuru kune zvipenyu zvakasiyana muSlovakia kuparadzaniswa kwenzvimbo. The kuvaka zvekutakura kwezvivako, zvakadai semigwagwa nenjanji, zvinoguma nokukamurwa kwenzvimbo dzokugara dzomusikirwo kuva zvidimbu zviduku, zviri zvoga. Kutsemuka uku kunovhiringa kubatana kwezvakatipoteredza uye kunokanganisa zvakanyanya kurarama uye kufamba kwemarudzi mazhinji.
Kuderedzwa kwekushandiswa kwevhu rinorimika: Imwe tyisidziro huru kuderedzwa kwekushandiswa kwevhu rinorimika. Kuwedzera kwekurima, kuguta, uye kuchinja mukati land management miitiro inobetsera kukurasikirwa kwenyika yakaorera, ichinyima marudzi akasiana-siana nzvimbo dzawo dzokugara dzomusikirwo namanyuko ezvokudya.
Invasive marudzi: Kuunzwa nekupararira kwezvipenyu zvinopinda munyika zvinotowedzera matambudziko anosanganikwa nawo nemaruva nemhuka. Mhuka dzine hasha idzi dzinokunda uye dzinodzinga mhuka dzemuno, izvo zvinoita kuti kuderera kwekusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu. Kugadzwa kwezvipenyu zvinoparadza zvinogona kuchinja zvakanyanya zvipenyu uye kukanganisa ecological balance.
Acidification yevhu nemvura: Iyo acidification yevhu nemvura inoisa njodzi kune zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana muSlovakia. Acid mvura inobva mumaindasitiri kusvibiswa uye hutsi hunoita kuti acidification, iyo inogona kukanganisa zvisikwa zvepanyika uye zvemumvura. Acidified ivhu nemvura zvinogona kukanganisa utano hwezvirimwa, muganhu marudzi akasiyana-siyana, uye kukuvadza zvipenyu zvemumvura.
Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze: Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze kunoisa njodzi kune zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana pasi rose, uye Slovakia ndizvo zvazvakaita. Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze, kusanganisira kukwira kwematembiricha, kushandura mafambiro emvura, uye zviitiko zvekunze zvakanyanya, zvinokanganisa magariro ezvipenyu uye zvinodenha kukwanisa kwemarudzi akawanda kuchinjika uye kurarama.
Kusvibiswa kweindasitiri: Maindasitiri muSlovakia anobatsira mukusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza, achiburitsa zvinhu zvinokuvadza uye zvinosvibisa mumhepo, mvura, uye ivhu. Kusvibiswa kwemaindasitiri kune zvinokanganisa kusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu, kusvibisa nzvimbo dzekugara, kudzikira kwemhando yemvura, uye kukanganisa hutano nekubereka kwezvirimwa nemhuka.
Mineral extraction: Kucherwa kwezvicherwa nezviwanikwa zvinogona kukonzera kuparadzwa kwenzvimbo dzinogara vanhu, kukukurwa kwevhu, uye kuvhiringwa kwezvipenyu. Migodhi inowanzobatanidza kutema masango, zvichiita kuti nzvimbo dzine zvinhu zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana zvirasikirwe uye kutyisidzira kurarama kwemarudzi akawanda emiti nemhuka.
Kusvibiswa kwekurima: Miitiro yekurima inogona kubatsira mukusvibisa kuburikidza nekushandisa zvakanyanya fetereza yemakemikari, mishonga yezvipembenene, nemishonga yesora. Aya agrochemicals anogona kusvibisa zvitubu zvemvura, kushatisa kunaka kwevhu, uye kukuvadza mhuka dzisiri dzakatariswa, zvichikanganisa zvipenyu uye zvipenyu. ecosystem hutano.
Forestry: Kunyange zvazvo miitiro yokuchengeta masango ichikosha pakuchengetedza kusiyana-siyana kwezvinhu zvipenyu, kutema miti kusingachinji uye kuparadzwa kwemasango kunogona kuva nemigumisiro inoparadza. Kuparara kwemasango kunoderedza kuwanikwa kwenzvimbo dzinogara mhuka dzakawanda, kunoparira kukukurwa kwevhu, kunochinja kutenderera kwemvura, uye kunobudisa kabhoni dhaikisaidhi inokosha mumhepo yakapoteredza pasi.
Tourism: Nepo kushanya kuchigona kuunza zvikomborero zvehupfumi, kunogonawo kutyisidzira kusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu muSlovakia. Maitiro ekushanya asina kugadzikana, anosanganisira kukanganisa kwenzvimbo, kusvibiswa kwenzvimbo, uye kushandiswa zvakanyanya kwezviwanikwa, zvinogona kukanganisa magariro ezvisikwa uye kukanganisa maruva nemhuka dzeko.
Slovakia inoona kukurumidza kugadzirisa kutyisidzira uku uye yakatanga zvirongwa zvakasiyana siyana kuderedza kukanganiswa kwavo. kuchengetedzwa kwenzvimbo dzechivanhu, kuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana, uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza. Nhamburiko dzine chinangwa chekudzora mhuka dzekunze dzinopinda munyika, kuderedza kusvibiswa kwekurima, kusimudzira tsika dzinogara dziripo, uye kuzivisa vagari veko nevashanyi kwakakosha mukuchengetedza nhaka yakakosha yeSlovakia.
Kuedza Kuchengetedza Zvipenyu Zvakasiyana-siyana muSlovakia
Slovakia yakazvipira kuchengetedza zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana uye yakatora matanho akasiyana-siyana kuchengetedza nhaka yaro yechisikigo uye kuwedzera kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza munyika. Kuedza uku kunofambirana nezvinangwa zveConvention on Biological Diversity, inotarisa nezvekuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana, kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza muSlovakia, uye kuchengetedzwa kwenzvimbo dzechivanhu.
Chimwe chezvirongwa zvakakosha kuwedzera kwenzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa muSlovakia. Nyika yakawedzera zvakanyanya chikamu chenzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa kubva pa23% kusvika 36% yenzvimbo yayo. Kuwedzera uku kunosanganisira kushanda yeNatura 2000 network, iyo ine chinangwa chekuchengetedza uye kudzoreredza zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana kuburikidza nekuchengetedza nzvimbo dzekugara uye zvipenyu.
Slovakia inokoshesawo masango ayo, ayo anoita basa rinokosha mukuchengetedzwa kwemarudzi akasiyana-siyana. Nyika ine imwe yenzvimbo dzakakwirira dzemasango muEurope, uye nzvimbo yesango inoramba ichiwedzera. Uku kutarisa kwekuchengetedza masango kunobatsira kuchengetedza nzvimbo dzekugara kwemarudzi akasiyana-siyana emiti nemhuka.
Pamusoro penzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa nemasango, Slovakia yakamisa mapaki emunyika, nzvimbo dzeRamsar, Nzvimbo Dziviriro Yakakosha, uye nzvimbo dzakatenderwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzebiogeographical. Idzi nzvimbo dzakatarwa dzinoshanda senzvimbo dzinokosha dzekugara kwemarudzi akawanda ezvirimwa nemhuka, zvichibatsira mukuedza kuchengetedza kusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu.
Ichiona kukosha kwekudzora mhuka dzinopinda munyika uye kuderedza kusvibiswa kwekurima, Slovakia yakaita zvirongwa zvine chinangwa chekugadzirisa nyaya idzi. Nekugadzirisa nekudzivirira kupararira kwezvipenyu zvinoparadza uye kuderedza kusvibiswa kunokonzerwa nekurima, nyika ine chinangwa chekuchengetedza nekudzorera zvipenyu.
Slovakia inoshingairira kukurudzira kubatanidzwa kwenharaunda dzemuno nedzechivanhu mukuedza kuchengetedza kusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu. Nyika inotenda kuti kuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana kwakabatana zvakanyanya neruzivo rwechinyakare uye maitiro enharaunda idzi. Nokuita basa nharaunda dzemunharaunda mumabasa ekuchengetedza, Slovakia inovimbisa kushandiswa kwakasimba kwezvinhu zvakasikwa uye kuchengetedzwa kwetsika uye zvemweya.
Nyika inokoshesawo dzidzo yezvakatipoteredza zvirongwa zvekusimudzira ruzivo uye kukurudzira pfungwa yekuve nemutoro mukuchengetedza zvisikwa zvakasiyana-siyana. Kuburikidza nezvirongwa zvedzidzo nemishandirapamwe, Slovakia ine chinangwa chekudzidzisa vagari vayo nezvekukosha kwekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye basa ravanogona kuita mukuchengetedza nhaka yenyika.
| Kuedza Kuchengetedza Zvipenyu Zvakasiyana-siyana muSlovakia | |
|---|---|
| Kuwedzera kwenzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa | 23% kusvika 36% kuwedzera |
| Tarisa pakuchengetedza masango | High level yemasango |
| Kugadzwa kwemapaki enyika, nzvimbo dzeRamsar, Nzvimbo Dziviriro Yakakosha, nenzvimbo dzakatenderwa | Kuchengetedzwa kwenzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana dzekugara |
| Mapurojekiti ekudzora mhuka dzekunze dzinopinda munyika | Kudzivirirwa kwezvipenyu |
| Kuedza kuderedza kusvibiswa kwekurima | Kushandiswa kwakasimba kwezvinhu zvakasikwa |
| Kubatanidzwa kwenharaunda nenharaunda dzechivanhu | Kuchengetedzwa kwetsika nehunhu hwemweya |
| Zvirongwa zvedzidzo yezvakatipoteredza | Kuziva uye mutoro |
Pakazere, kuedza kweSlovakia kuchengetedza kusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu kunoratidza kuzvipira kwayo mukuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza, kushandiswa kwevhu kwakasimba, uye kuchengetedzwa kwenhaka yaro yechisikigo. Nekuita zvirongwa zvakasiyana-siyana uye nekubatanidza vanobata vakasiyana-siyana, Slovakia ine chinangwa chekuchengetedza kusiyana-siyana kwayo kuzvizvarwa zvinotevera.
Tsigira Mechanisme dzeKuchengetedza Zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana muSlovakia
Slovakia yakashandisa nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekutsigira kuti ive nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana. Matanho aya anosanganisira kudyidzana mumapazi ehurumende, masangano akazvimirira oga, nemasangano akazvimirira oga. Nekuisa zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana muzvirongwa nezvirongwa zvemadhipatimendi akaita seAgriculture, Economy, Education, Health, and Culture, Slovakia inokwanisa kubatanidza kuedza kwekuchengetedza muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvevanhu.
Masangano asiri ehurumende anoita basa rakakosha mukuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana muSlovakia. Masangano aya anoshanda nesimba mukuedza kuchengetedza nekuchengetedza mhepo mvura nenzvimbo, kushanda pamwe chete nemasangano ehurumende kuona kubudirira kwe zvirongwa zvekuchengetedza. Pamusoro pezvo, Slovakia inodyidzana nevebazi rakazvimirira pazvinhu zvakati kuti, vachibvuma kukosha kwenzira yekubatana mukuwana zvinogoneka. kutungamirirwa kwezvakatipoteredza.
Mari inoita basa rakakosha mukutsigira kuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana muSlovakia. Iyo bhajeti yenyika, Environmental Fund, uye mari dzeEU uye zvirongwa zvinopa zviwanikwa zvemari kuita mapurojekiti ekuchengetedza uye zvirongwa. Mari idzi dzakakosha mukutsigira tsvakurudzo, kuongorora, kudzorerwa kwekugara, nemamwe mabasa ane chinangwa chekuchengetedza kusiyana-siyana kwezvinhu zvipenyu munyika.
Pasinei nekuvapo kwenzira dzekutsigira, matambudziko achiripo. Kuronga nekuchengetedza kuenderana pakati pemaitiro akasiyana uye zvinyorwa zvekuronga zvinoramba zviri zvipingaidzo. Kurongeka kwakanaka kunovimbisa kuti vese vanobatana vakaenderana muzvinangwa zvavo uye zviitiko, zvichitungamira kune zvinobudirira uye zvakabatana kuchengetedza kuedza. Kusaenderana pakati pemazano uye magwaro ekuronga anorerutsa maitiro uye kunopa kujeka mukuita matanho ekuchengetedza siyana.
Tafura iri pazasi inoratidza dzimwe nzira dzekutsigira kuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana muSlovakia:
| Tsigira Mechanism | tsananguro |
|---|---|
| Mainstreaming Biodiversity | Kubatanidza kutariswa kwekusiyana kwezvipenyu muzvirongwa nezvirongwa zvemadhipatimendi ehurumende, sekurima, Economy, Dzidzo, Hutano, uye Tsika. |
| Kudyidzana neNGOs | Kubatanidza masangano asiri ehurumende mukuedza kwekuchengetedza kuchengetedza kuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana uye kuchengetedza. |
| Kudyidzana nePrivate Sector | Kudyidzana nevemabhizimisi nemaindasitiri panyaya dzakanangana nekuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana. |
| Tsigiro yeMari | Kupa mari kubva kubhajeti renyika, Environmental Fund, uye mari dzeEU nezvirongwa zvekutsigira zvirongwa zvekuchengetedza zvisikwa. |
Nekuramba ichisimbisa nzira dzekutsigira uye kugadzirisa matambudziko aripo, Slovakia inogona kuwedzera kuedza kwayo mukuchengetedza zvisikwa zvakasiyana-siyana uye kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza.
Kutarisisa uye Kuongorora Kuchengetedzwa Kwezvipenyu MuSlovakia
Slovakia inocherekedza kukosha kwekutarisa nekuongorora maitirwo ekuedza kuchengetedza zvisikwa zvakasiyana-siyana. Kuburikidza nehurongwa hwekutarisa hwakagadzwa, nyika inounganidza data rakakosha pamusoro pemamiriro uye mafambiro ezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana. Izvi zvinosanganisira ruzivo rwehukuru hwehuwandu hwemarudzi akasiyana-siyana, mamiriro ekugara, uye kushanda kwemaitiro ekuchengetedza.
Kuedza kwekutarisa kune chinangwa chekuongorora budiriro yeSlovakia matanho ekuchengetedza nharaunda uye kuona nzvimbo dzinoda kutariswa. Nepo ruzivo rwakadzama rwehurongwa hwekutarisisa husiri kuwanikwa nyore, chinhu chakakosha chekuongorora kushanda kwezvirongwa zvekuchengetedza zvinoenderera mberi.
Pamusoro pekutarisa, Slovakia inogara ichiongorora mafambiro eNational Biodiversity Strategy uye Action Plans. Zvirongwa izvi zvinodonongodza zvinangwa nezviito zvenyika zvekuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana, uye ongororo yazvo inobatsira kuona kuti zvinoramba zviripo uye zvinoshanda. Kuburikidza neongororo iyi, Slovakia inogona kuona chero mikaha kana zvikanganiso mukuedza kwayo kuchengetedza, zvichitungamira mukugadzirwa kwemaitiro matsva uye kugadzirisa kune aripo.
Nekudaro, Slovakia inotarisana nematambudziko arikuenderera mberi maererano nekubatana uye kurongeka pamatanho ese ekuita. Kuti uwane kutarisisa kwakanaka uye kuongororwa, zvakakosha kuve nekubatana kwakasimba pakati pemasangano ehurumende, masangano ezvemamiriro ekunze, uye nharaunda dzenharaunda. Pamusoro pezvo, kuenderana uye kurongeka kwezvirongwa zvakasiyana uye zvinyorwa zvekuronga zvinoda kuvandudzwa kuti kuwedzere kushanda kwese kwekuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana munyika.
Kuongorora uye Kuongorora Matambudziko:
- Kusawirirana kubatira pamwe nekubatana pakati pevatambi.
- Matanho akasiyana ekuita uye kuzvipira kubva kumadhipatimendi akasiyana ehurumende.
- Kushaikwa kwekufanana uye kurongeka pakati pemaitiro akasiyana ekuchengetedza uye zvinyorwa zvekuronga.
Kugadzirisa matambudziko aya kunoda kuenderera mberi kwekuedza kuvandudza kutaurirana nekudyidzana pakati pevatambi, pamwe nekumisikidzwa kwemaitiro akasimba ekuongorora uye kuongororwa nguva dzose. Nekushanda pamwe chete, Slovakia inogona kukwidziridza maitiro ayo ekutarisa nekuongorora, kunyatsoona mafambiro ezvirongwa zvayo zvekuchengetedza, uye kuita sarudzo dzine ruzivo kuchengetedza zviwanikwa zvayo zvakakosha zvezvipenyu.
| Monitoring uye Ongororo Aspect | chinzvimbo |
|---|---|
| Kuitwa kwekutarisa system | Ichiripo |
| Kuongororwa kweNational Biodiversity Strategy uye Action Plans | Inogara ichiongororwa |
| Kudyidzana uye kurongeka pakati pevatambi | Zvinetso zvinoramba zvichiitika |
| Kuenderana uye kurongeka kwemaitiro uye magwaro ekuronga | Kamuri yekuvandudza |
Sacred Natural Sites muSlovakia
Slovakia imusha kune dzakawanda nzvimbo dzinoyera dzechisikigo dzine kukosha kwetsika uye zvemweya. Nzvimbo idzi dzinowanzobatanidzwa nemapako kana tunnel uye dzinoonekwa senzvimbo tsvene nenharaunda dzenzvimbo. Nzvimbo yeCarpathian Mountains, kunyanya, ine nhoroondo yakapfuma yemagariro ekare uye maitiro avo ekutenda. Nzvimbo dzakawanda dzinoyera muSlovakia dziri mukati meNational and Nature Parks, zvichiita kuti dzive nzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa. Aya masaiti anokwezva vashanyi vanobva kutenderera pasirese vanotsvaga kubatana nemasikirwo uye kuona zvemweya uye tsika nemagariro yeSlovakia.
Cultural Heritage uye Sacred Sites muSlovakia
Nzvimbo dzinoyera dzechisikigo muSlovakia dzine kukosha kwezvakatipoteredza uye zvetsika. Iri munzvimbo yeCarpathian, Slovakia inozivikanwa nemapoka ayo emarudzi akasiyana, rimwe nerimwe riine zvitendero zvaro, matauriro, uye madzinza. Nharaunda iyi ine nhoroondo refu yemagariro ekare, vakadai sevaGeto-Dacian, vainamata vanamwari vakaita saZamolxe uye vaivaka zvivako zvetemberi zvakaoma kunzwisisa. Ecology yezvemweya inopindirana nenzvimbo dzinoyera idzi inoratidza hupfumi hwenyika hwenhaka.
Nzvimbo dzinoyera dzemuSlovakia dzemuSlovakia hadzisi nzvimbo dzekunamatira chete asiwo dzinoshanda sechiyeuchidzo chekushanda kwezviitiko zvekare. Machechi emapuranga, dzimba dzemamongi, uye makuva eHondo Yenyika I uye II anomira sezvisaririra zvinorwadza, zvichibatanidza nyaya nenhamo dzezvizvarwa zvakapfuura. Izvi zvinhu zvetsika zvinowedzera kudzika uye chiyero kune nzvimbo dzinoyera dzechisikigo muSlovakia.
“Nhaka yezvemweya yakabatana nenzvimbo dzinoyera idzi inoratidza nhaka yetsika dzakapfuma dzenyika.
Kuchengetedza Nhoroondo: Machechi emapuranga, Mamongi, uye Makuva
Nhaka yenhoroondo yenzvimbo dzinoyera muSlovakia inopfuurira kunze kwenzvimbo dzakasikwa. Machechi emapuranga, anoratidzirwa nekusiyana kwawo akitekicha, dzakatekeshera munyika, kunyanya munzvimbo dzakaita seOrava neLiptov. Machechi aya ane kukosha kwemweya kunharaunda dzenzvimbo uye anoratidza hunyanzvi hwekuita.
Dzimba dzemamongi, dzakadai seyemuMiddle Ages yeZvolen, dzinopa muono wezviitwa zvechitendero netsika zvekare. Nzvimbo dzinoyera idzi dzakashanda senzvimbo dzekunamata uye dzedzidzo, dzichiumba nhoroondo yeSlovakia.
Makuva kubva kuHondo Yenyika I uye II anowedzera kubatsira kune tsika yenhaka yenzvimbo dzinoyera. Izvo zvinomira sezviyeuchidzo zvakakomba zvekuzvipira kwakaitwa uye nemigumisiro yeidzi mhirizhonga dzepasi rose munharaunda dzemunharaunda. Idzi nzvimbo dzinoyera dzinokosheswa kwete chete senzvimbo dzekuzororera dzekupedzisira asiwo senzvimbo dzakakosha dzenhoroondo.
Kubatanidza Tsika neMasikirwo
Nzvimbo dzinoyera dzechisikigo muSlovakia dzinogadzira yakasarudzika fusion yetsika uye zvisikwa. Vanokwezva vashanyi vanobva kumativi ose enyika, vachikweverwa kumukana wekubatana nekunamata uye tsika nhaka yenyika.
Kushanyira nzvimbo idzi kunopa ruzivo rwakadzama apo munhu anogona kuzvinyudza mumatunhu akanaka uku achiongorora kukosha kwetsika kwakaiswa mukati menharaunda. Nzvimbo dzinoyera dzemuSlovakia dzinoratidza hukama huri pakati pevanhu, zvisikwa, uye zvemweya.
| Sacred Natural Sites | Tsika Kukosha |
|---|---|
| Iyo Dobšinská Ice Cave | Nzvimbo yakakosha yenhaka yenzvimbo uye chiratidzo chekuzivikanwa kwenyika |
| Pieniny National Park | Nhau dzakapfuma uye tsika dzakabatana nemakomo emakomo, mipata, uye inoyevedza Dunajec River Gorge. |
| Slovak Karst | Kuunganidzwa kwemapako ane hukama hwakasimba hwetsika, inokwezva vaongorori nevashanyi zvakafanana |
| High Tatras | Nharaunda inozivikanwa nenzvimbo dzayo dzakapfava uye ngano dzakabatana nezvisikwa zvengano nemweya yemakomo. |
Nzvimbo dzinoyera idzi, dzakadzika midzi mukati Slovakian natural heritage, kurudzira ruremekedzo uye kukoshesa zvose zviri zviviri tsika nemagariro uye ecology mativi enyika. Vanopa mukana kune vashanyi kuti vatange rwendo rwekutsvaga pamweya uye kukurudzira kunzwisisa kukuru kwekubatana pakati petsika uye zvisikwa.
Ecotourism uye Sacred Natural Sites muSlovakia
Kuchengetedzwa kwenzvimbo uye zvisikwa zvipenyu munzvimbo dzinoyera dzechisikigo dzeSlovakia kwakakosha kuti nyika iite makwikwi muchikamu chekushanya. Pamusoro pazvo, inoita basa rakakosha mukusimudzira budiriro inoenderera mberi nekuedza kwekuchengetedza. Iko kusanganisa kwakasarudzika kwerunako rwechisikigo uye tsika yenhaka yenzvimbo idzi dzinoyera dzinofadza kune vashanyi vanotsvaga hukama hwemweya nemasikirwo.
Vashanyi vanokwezvwa kurunyararo nzvimbo dzinochengeterwa zvisikwa muSlovakia, kwavanogona kuzvinyudza murunyararo kwezvakatipoteredza uye vachiona zvakadzika zvemweya ecology inosanganisirwa nenzvimbo idzi. Musanganiswa unopindirana wenzvimbo dzisina kubatwa uye hutsvene hwakanamirwa kune idzi saiti zvinogadzira chiitiko chinonyatso pfumisa kune avo vanotsvaga hukama hwakadzama nenzvimbo yavo.
Kuti itsigire kuchengetedzwa uye kuwanikwa kwenzvimbo idzi dzinoyera dzechisikigo, Slovakia yakazvipira kusimudzira ecotourism. Nekupa zvakagadzikana uye zvine chekuita nekushanya zviitiko, nyika ine chinangwa chekuwedzera mari inowanikwa kubva kune inoshanda kushanya. Iyi nzira haingobatsiri hupfumi hwenzvimbo chete asi inobatsirawo mukuedza kuchengetedza nzvimbo idzi dzinochengetedzwa.
“Ecotourism haingopi mukana wekuongorora kunaka kwenzvimbo dzinoyera dzemuSlovakia asi inoshandawo senzira yekuzivisa kukosha kwekuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana uye zvemweya,” anodaro Anna Novak, a. kuchengetedza Advocate.
Kuburikidza ne ecotourism, vashanyi vane mukana wekubatana nenharaunda dzenzvimbo dzine hukama hwenguva refu kune idzi nzvimbo dzinoyera. Tsika dzechivanhu nemagariro zvinoremekedzwa nekupembererwa, zvichibvumira vashanyi kuwana kukoshesa kwakadzama kwenhaka yemweya netsika inodzika munzvimbo idzi. Kubatanidzwa kwenharaunda dzechivanhu muzvirongwa zveecotourism zvakare kunovimbisa kuchengetedzwa kweruzivo rwechinyakare uye magariro ekutonga kwevhu.
Nekuchengetedza nekusimudzira kuwanikwa kwenzvimbo dzinoyera dzechisikigo dzeSlovakia, nyika haingosimudziri hukama hwakadzama pakati pevashanyi nenharaunda asi inotsigirawo kuchengetedzwa kwezvakapfuma zvakasiyana-siyana. Kuburikidza nemusanganiswa unopindirana wenzvimbo dzinochengeterwa zvisikwa, zvemweya ecology, uye kushanya kwakanaka, Slovakia inombundikira nzira yakakwana kuchengetedza nhaka yayo yechisikigo kuzvizvarwa zvinotevera.
Nharaunda dzeMarudzi uye Sacred Natural Natural Sites muSlovakia
Nharaunda dzezvizvarwa zveSlovakia, dzakadai seRusyns, Lemkos, Bojkos, Hutsuls, Górals, Szeklers, Csángos, neMot¸i, dzine hukama hwakadzama nenzvimbo dzinoyera dzechisikigo dziri mudunhu reCarpathian. Idzi nharaunda dzakagadzira zvitendero zvadzo, matauriro, uye kuzivikanwa kwedzinza kwemazana emakore ekuzviparadzanisa.
Nharaunda dzechivanhu idzi dzinoita basa rakakosha mukuchengetedza nekuchengetedzwa kwenzvimbo dzinoyera, kushandisa ivhu zvine mwero uye kupfuudza ruzivo rwechinyakare. Kunzwisisa kwavo kwakadzama kwemamiriro ekunze uye kubatana kwemweya kune nyika kunoita kuti vave vachengeti vakakosha venzvimbo dzinoyera idzi.
“Tagara tichiremekedza zvikuru nyika nenzvimbo dzinoyera dzemusikirwo dziri mukati mayo. Madzitateguru edu akatidzidzisa kukudza nekudzivirira nzvimbo idzi, tichiva nechokwadi chokuti dzinoramba dzisina kubatika kuzvizvarwa zvinotevera,” anotsanangura kudaro Elena, nhengo yenharaunda yeRusyn.
Slovakia inocherekedza kukosha kwekubatanidza nharaunda dzemunharaunda mukuedza kuchengetedza kusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu. Hurumende inotsigira zvirongwa zvinopa simba nharaunda dzechivanhu mukuchengetedza tsika nemagariro avo pamweya, nekudaro vachiona kuchengetedzwa kwenzvimbo dzinoyera dzechisikigo. Kudyidzana uku kunosimudzira pfungwa yevaridzi uye mutoro pakati penhengo dzenharaunda, zvichiita kuti pave nemigumisiro inobudirira yekuchengetedza.
Kuchengetedza Tsika Dzechivanhu
Nharaunda dzechivanhu muSlovakia dzine tsika yenguva refu yekushandisa ivhu uye manejimendi ezviwanikwa. Vane ruzivo rwakaoma kunzwisisa rwemhoteredzo yenzvimbo, inopfuudzwa kubva kuchizvarwa kuenda kune chimwe chizvarwa. Aya maitiro echinyakare anobatsira kuhutano hwese hwezvipenyu uye zvinosimudzira kugarika kwenguva refu kwezvakasiyana-siyana.
“Madzitateguru edu airarama maererano nezvakasikwa, achinzwisisa kuti kugara kwedu zvakanaka kwakabatana zvikuru noutano hwenyika,” anodaro Tomáš, mumwe wenzanga yevaHutsul. "Tinoenderera mberi nekuita tsika dzechinyakare netsika dzinovimbisa kuenzana kwemweya uye kwezvakatipoteredza zvenzvimbo dzinoyera."
Slovakia inoziva kukosha kwekuchengetedza idzi tsika dzechinyakare mumamiriro ekuchengetedza zvisikwa zvakasiyana-siyana. Nekutsigira nharaunda dzechivanhu netsika dzavo nezvemweya, nyika ine chinangwa chekuchengetedza kuwirirana kwakasiyana pakati pechisikigo nehupenyu hwevanhu.
Kugonesa Nharaunda dzeMarudzi
Slovakia inoshingairira kukurudzira kubatanidzwa kwenharaunda dzechivanhu mukuita sarudzo dzine chekuita nekuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana. Kupinza nhengo dzenharaunda muzvirongwa zvekuchengetedza zvinobvumira nzira yakanyatsoenderana inotarisisa maonero avo akasiyana, ruzivo, uye zvavanoda.
Kuburikidza nekubatana nenharaunda dzechivanhu, Slovakia inotsvaga kupa masimba mapoka aya kuti ave vatariri veminda yemadzitateguru avo. Nekupa rutsigiro nezviwanikwa, nyika inoita kuti nharaunda dzechivanhu dzitore chikamu mukutarisira nekuchengetedza nzvimbo dzinoyera dzechisikigo, kusimbisa pfungwa yavo yekuzivikanwa uye kubatana nenyika.
Kukurudzira Ecology Yemweya
Kuchengetedzwa kwenzvimbo dzinoyera dzemusikirwo muSlovakia hakungochengetedzi kusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu chete asiwo kunosimudzira zvemweya. Aya masaiti anoshanda senzvimbo dzekufungisisa pamweya, kubatanidza vanhu kune zvakapfuura uye kudzamisa hukama hwavo nezvisikwa.
“Nzvimbo dzedu dzinoyera dzemusikirwo hadzisi nzvimbo dzinooneka chete; iwo masuo enzvimbo yomudzimu yakakwirira,” anodaro Kata, mutezo wenzanga yeCsángos. "Kuva munzvimbo idzi kunotibvumira kuti tibatane zvakare nehumwari uye tinzwe pfungwa dzakadzama dzerunyararo nekuwirirana."
Slovakia inoziva kukosha kwezvemweya ecology mukugara zvakanaka kwevanhu uye nzanga. Nekuchengetedza nzvimbo dzinoyera dzechisikigo uye nekusimudzira kuwanikwa kwavo, nyika inotsvaga kutsigira nzendo dzemweya dzevashanyi uye kukurudzira kubatana kwakadzama nemasikirwo.
Matambudziko Eramangwana uye Mikana muSlovakia's Biodiversity Conservation
Pasinei nekuedza kwakaitwa mukuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana muSlovakia, kune matambudziko arikuenderera mberi nemikana yekuvandudza mune ramangwana. Kushandira pamwe nekubatana pakati pemaitiro akasiyana uye zvinyorwa zvekuronga zvakakosha kuti uwedzere kuita. Mari inoramba iri dambudziko, neSlovakia haichakodzeri kuwana mari yeGEF uye kunzwa kushomeka kwerutsigiro rwemari. Pamusoro pezvo, nyika yakatarisana nebasa rekugadzirisa dambudziko rekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze pamwe nekusimudzira maitirwo ezvinhu muzvikamu zvakaita sekurima nekushanyirwa kwenyika. Nekudaro, Slovakia ine mukana wekuenderera mberi nekusimudzira hupfumi hwayo hwechisikigo uye tsika nhaka kuburikidza ne ecotourism uye kubatanidzwa kwenharaunda dzenzvimbo.
Kuedza kweSlovakia kuchengetedza kusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu kwakaona kufambira mberi kukuru, asi kumwe kubatana pakati pevane chekuita nekuronga kwakadzama kwakakosha pakuita zvinobudirira. Kuwana mari yezvirongwa zvekuchengetedza kuchiri kunetsa, sezvo nyika isingachakodzeri kuwana mari yeGEF. Kushaikwa kwerutsigiro rwemari uku kunotadzisa kukwidziridzwa kwezviitwa zvekuchengetedza uye kunoganhurira kukanganisa kunogona kuitika. Kugadzirisa mikaha iyi yemari, mamwe masosi akadai sekudyidzana kweveruzhinji-vega uye eco-Tourism zvirongwa zvinogona kuongororwa.
“Kuchengetedza ibasa rinodyidzana rinoda kushanda nesimba kwehurumende, maNGO, nenharaunda. Nekushanda pamwe chete, tinogona kukunda matambudziko uye kugadzira mhinduro dzenguva yemberi. " - Kuchengetedzeka kwezvakatipoteredza Mutungamiriri, Slovakia
Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze kunoisa njodzi huru kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvipenyu zveSlovakia. Kukwira kwetembiricha, kushandura mafambiro emvura, uye mamiriro okunze akaipisisa zviitiko zvinogona kukanganisa magariro ezvisikwa, kuchinja mamiriro ekugara, uye kukanganisa kugoverwa kwemarudzi. Izvo zvakakosha kuti Slovakia ikoshese nzira dzekugadzirisa shanduko yemamiriro ekunze uye maitiro akasimba muzvikamu zvakaita sekurima nekushanya. Kuisa mari mukutsvagisa uye matekinoroji anogona kubatsira kudzikisira kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza zvezvikamu izvi uye kugadzira nzira yebudiriro inoenderera mberi.
Slovakia ine mukana wakasarudzika wekusimudzira hupfumi hwayo hwechisikigo uye tsika kusimudzira ecotourism. Nzvimbo dzechisikigo dzinoyera dzenyika, dzakasiyana siyana, uye tsika dzechinyakare dzinokwezva vashanyi vanotsvaga ruzivo rwakanyura mune zvakasikwa. Nekusimudzira maitiro ekushanya ane hunyanzvi uye kutsigira nharaunda dzemuno, Slovakia inogona kuunza pundutso mune zvehupfumi uku ichichengetedza kusiyana kwayo. Zvirongwa zvakaita sezvirongwa zvedzidzo yezvakatipoteredza uye mapurojekiti ekushanyirwa munharaunda anogona kupa simba vagari venzvimbo uye kuzivisa kukosha kwekuchengetedza nharaunda.
Kukurudzira Sustainable Agriculture
Zvekurima zvine basa rakakosha muhupfumi hweSlovakia, asi zvinogona zvakare kukanganisa zvakatipoteredza, kusanganisira kurasikirwa kwenzvimbo, kusvibiswa kwemvura, uye kuparara kwevhu. Kuti ive nechokwadi chekugara kwenguva refu kwekurima, Slovakia inofanirwa kusimudzira maitiro ekurima akasimba, akadai kurima kwehupenyu, agroforestry, uye precision agriculture. Nekushandisa nzira idzi, varimi vanokwanisa kudzikisira ecological footprint, kudzivirira kusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu, uye kuwedzera hutano hwevhu. Rubatsiro nerubatsiro rweHurumende zvinokwanisa kukurudzira varimi kuti vashandure kumaitiro akasimba uye kuvapa mibairo yekuedza kwavo kuchengetedza.
Kuvandudza Dzidzo Yekuchengetedza
Nzanga ine ruzivo uye inobatanidzwa yakakosha pakubudirira kwekuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana. Slovakia inofanira kuisa mari muzvirongwa zvedzidzo yezvakatipoteredza kusimudzira ruzivo pamusoro pekukosha kwekusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu uye basa rinogona kuitwa nevanhu mukuchengetedza. Zvirongwa izvi zvinogona kubatanidzwa muzvidzidzo zvechikoro, misangano yenharaunda, uye mishandirapamwe yekuzivisa veruzhinji. Nokusimudzira pfungwa ye kutarisira kwezvakatipoteredza pakati pevagari, Slovakia inogona kugadzira tsika yekuchengetedza inoenderera kupfuura nzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa uye muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva.
Basa reTekinoroji Mukuchengetedza
Kufambira mberi mune tekinoroji kunopa maturusi matsva uye mhinduro dzekuchengetedza siyana. Slovakia inogona kushandisa simba rekunzwa kure, kuongorora data, uye chakagadzirwa njere kuongorora nharaunda, kuongorora huwandu hwemarudzi, uye kuona zvakakosha pakuchengetedza. Kudyidzana nemasangano ezvidzidzo uye makambani etekinoroji anogona kufambisa mashandisirwo ematekinoroji ekupedzisira mukuedza kuchengetedza. Nekugamuchira tekinoroji, Slovakia inogona kuvandudza kushanda uye kushanda kwezvakasiyana zvipenyu zvayo nzira dzekuchengetedza.
Mukupedzisa, nepo Slovakia yakatarisana nematambudziko mukuchengetedza zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana, kune zvakare mikana inonakidza yekusimbisa kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza munyika. Nekusimudzira kudyidzana, kuwana mari, kugadzirisa kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, kusimudzira ecotourism, uye kuita nharaunda dzenharaunda, Slovakia inogona kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwenhaka yayo yakapfuma yezvizvarwa zvinotevera.
mhedziso
Nzvimbo dzinoyera dzechisikigo dzeSlovakia dzine kukosha kunoshamisa kune zvese zvipenyu zvayo uye nhaka yetsika. Aya mawebhusaiti anokwezva vashanyi vanobva kumativi ese epasi, anokweverwa neyakasiyana musanganiswa wezvakatipoteredza uye zvemweya zvinoshamisa. Kuchengetedza pfuma iyi, Slovakia yakashandisa matanho akati wandei, kusanganisira kugadzwa kwenzvimbo dzakadzivirirwa uye kubatanidzwa kwakasimba kwenharaunda nenharaunda. Kuedza uku kwakabatsira pakuchengetedzwa kwezvakapfuma zvakasiyana-siyana zvaro.
Nekudaro, matambudziko anoramba ari muchimiro chekurasikirwa kwenzvimbo, shanduko yemamiriro ekunze, uye mari shoma. Nekusimudzira maitiro anoenderera mberi uye kuchengetedza nzvimbo dzayo dzinoyera dzechisikigo, Slovakia inogona kuramba ichichengetedza nhaka yayo yechisikigo kuzvizvarwa zvinotevera. Zvakakosha kuchengetedza kuenzanisa pakati pekuchengetedza nekusimudzira, kuve nechokwadi chekugara kwenguva refu kwezvose zvakatipoteredza nenharaunda dzenharaunda.
Kuburikidza nekuedza kwakabatana kwemasangano ehurumende, masangano asiri ehurumende, uye vanhuwo zvavo, Slovakia inogona kukunda matambudziko aya uye kuchengetedza chimiro chayo semuchengeti wezvakasiyana-siyana. Nekushandisa mukana weiyo ecotourism uye kuenderera mberi nekuita nharaunda dzechivanhu, nyika inogona kuramba ichitaridza runako rwayo rwechisikigo uye hupfumi hwetsika. Kuburikidza neutariri hwakavimbika, Slovakia inogona kusiya zvechigarire Nhaka yekuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana kuitira kuti zvizvarwa zvinotevera zvikoshese uye zvikoshese.
