Belarus Biodiversity: Mhuka uye Zvirimwa Zvisikwa uye Chii Chiri Kutyisidzirwa
Belarus inogara kune dzakasiyana siyana mhando dzemhuka nezvinomera, asi biodiversity nyika iri kutyisidzirwa nezvinhu zvakasiyana. Iyo yakasarudzika yakasikwa yakaoma uye ecosystems inowanikwa muBelarus inoita 65.8% yenharaunda yayo, kusanganisira maviri geo-botanical regions - Eurasian taiga neEuropean deciduous wide-leaved zones. Nyika yakaona kuwedzera kwechifukidziro chemasango mukati memakore, asi nzvimbo dzeboreal dziri kudzikira nekuda kwekudziya kwemamiriro ekunze, zvichitungamira kuchinjika kuenda kunzvimbo dzenhambwe uye sango-steppe.
Belarus inozvirumbidza nekusiyana kwechirimwa, inosvika zviuru gumi nezviviri mhando dzemiti, kusanganisira 7,000 marudzi efungi uye 2,000 marudzi ealgae. Zvidyarwa zvetsinga zvinoumba 1,638 marudzi, ane anopfuura 1,500 emiti yemiti. Panyaya yemhuka, Belarus inogara makumi mana nematanhatu indigenous hove dzemhando dze63, pamwe ne467 marudzi ezvipembenene uye anopfuura 30,000 marudzi einvertebrates. Kunyange paine kushomeka kwezvipenyu zvepasi, kune mamwe marudzi erelict kubva kuIce Age.
Nekudaro, izvo zvipenyu muBelarus zvinotarisana nezvakawanda zvinotyisa. Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze ndiyo imwe yematambudziko makuru, zvichiita kuti kuderedzwa kwekugara kune boreal chirimwa uye mhuka mhuka, kuderera kwehuwandu hwezvinomera zvemusango nemhuka munzvimbo dzakafashukira, murwizi, uye mumatoro, uye kubuda kwemarudzi eshiri kubva kumaodzanyemba, zvichiwedzera makwikwi epakati-chaiwo pedyo nenzvimbo dzemvura. Zvisikwa zvinopinda, zvakaita seAmerican mink, hogweed hombe, uye Canadian gold rod, zvinoisawo njodzi kumhuka dzeBelarusian nekukunda. marudzi ekuzvarwa.
The kuedza kuchengetedza muBelarus inovavarira kuchengetedza nekuchengetedza zvipenyu zvenyika. Kugadzwa kwe nzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa, iyo inofukidza 7.7% yenyika, inoita basa rakakosha mukuchengetedza zvisingawanzo uye zvipenyu zviri mungozi. Wildlife conservation zvirongwa zvakabudirira kudzivirira uye kunyange kubvisa mamwe marudzi kubva Red Data Book. Belarus inosimbisawo kubudirira kwakasimba, nokuenderera mberi biodiversity research uye zvidzidzo zvezesayenzi yakaitwa kuti unzwisise kuchinja zvezviitwa zvevanhu pazvipenyu zvayo.
Mukupedzisa, zvakakosha kuisa pamberi kuchengetedza miedzo uye kutsigira budiriro kuchengetedza Belarus zvakasiyana-siyana. Nepo nyika ichizvikudza yakapfuma maruva nemhuka, ivo zvinotyisa yakanyorwa na kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze, marudzi anoparadza, uye kurasikirwa kwekugara zvinoda kugadziriswa. Nokushandisa zvinobudirira matanho ekuchengetedza uye nekuita imwe tsvagiridzo, Belarus inogona kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwayo kwakasiyana uye kwakasiyana mhando dzemhuka nezvinomera kwezvizvarwa zvinotevera.
Zvitsva Zvitsva:
- Belarus inogara kune dzakasiyana siyana mhando dzemhuka nezvinomera
- Biodiversity muBelarus iri kutyisidzirwa kubva kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze, marudzi anoparadza, uye kurasikirwa kwekugara
- Nyika ine vapfumi maruva nemhuka, nevanenge 12,000 XNUMX mhando dzemiti uye 46 marudzi ehove dzemuno
- Kuchengetedza kwekuedza uye kubudirira kwakasimba zvakakosha pakudzivirira Belarus zvakasiyana-siyana
The Rich Flora uye Fauna of Belarus
Belarus inozvirumbidza zvakasiyana-siyana zvemiti uye mhuka mhuka, nevanopfuura 12,000 mhando dzemiti uye mhuka dzakasiyana-siyana, zvichiita kuti a biodiversity hotspot. Masikirwo echisikigo epasi uye ecosystems anofukidza 65.8% yedunhu rayo, ari maviri eiyo geo-botanical matunhu: Eurasian taiga neEuropean deciduous wide-leaved zones. Belarus yakaita nhamburiko yekuwedzera masango ayo, nekukwira kubva ku32.4% muna 1966 kusvika 38% muna 2008. Zvisinei, nzvimbo dzeboreal dziri kuderera, uye kune kuchinja kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzemasango uye masango-steppe nekuda kwemigumisiro yekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze.
Panyaya yemhando dzemiti, Belarus inogara kune zviuru gumi nezviviri zvemarudzi, kusanganisira zviuru zvinomwe zvemarudzi efungi uye zviuru zviviri zvemhando dzealgae, inomiririra ingangoita makumi masere muzana emarudzi ese. Nyika zvakare ine 12,000 marudzi emidziyo yevascular, ine anopfuura 7,000 emarudzi emiti. Kana zvasvika kune fauna, Belarus ine makumi mana nematanhatu emhando dzehove dzechivanhu kubva muhuwandu hwemakumi matanhatu nenhatu, pamwe ne2,000 marudzi emhuka dzine vertebrates uye anopfuura 80 marudzi einvertebrates. Kunyangwe paine kushomeka kwekugumisira kwezvipenyu zvepasi, kune mashoma erelict marudzi kubva kuIce Age. Belarus zvakare ine makumi mashanu neina ezvirimwa zviri mungozi yekutsakatika uye gumi nenhanhatu dziri mungozi yekutsakatika.
Kuedza kuchengetedza muBelarus kwakatungamira kuchengetedzwa kwakabudirira uye kubviswa kubva kuRed Data Book yezvimwe mhuka mhuka, zvakadai sechimbeveve uye shiri yemvura. Nyika ine 47 mhuka dzemhuka uye 31 hove dzekutengesa dzekutengesa, ine avhareji yegore negore goho re803.06 zviuru matani. Zvisinei, zviitwa zvisina kugadzikana zviri kutungamira mukuderedzwa kwehove uye shanduko mukuumbwa kwemhando uye chimiro. Belarus iri kutarisanawo nedambudziko rezvipenyu zvinopinda, nemhando dzinopfuura mazana matanhatu dzezvirimwa uye makumi matatu emhando dzemhuka dzinopinda munzvimbo yayo.
Tafura: Zvisikwa Zviri Mungozi muBelarus
| chikamu | Nhamba Yemiti Yemiti | Nhamba Yemhando Dzemhuka |
|---|---|---|
| Inopererwa panjodzi | 54 | 16 |
"Belarus ine marudzi emiti angangosvika zviuru gumi nezviviri, kusanganisira 12,000 uye 7,000 marudzi efungi nemaalgae, zvichiteerana, pamwe chete zvinomiririra 2,000% yemaruva ese."
Kuchengetedza uye kushandiswa kwakasimba kwemhando dzeBelarus 'yakasarudzika nzvimbo, senge machakwi, nzvimbo dzakanyura, masango, kame moraine, uye dzimba dzemadziva, dzakanyanya. kukosha. Imwe nzvimbo yakadaro iBelarus Polesie, iri kumaodzanyemba kwenyika, inova imwe yenzvimbo dzinokosha dzemvura dzemuEurope dzemumvura. Wetlands muBelarus vakawana mvura yakawanda munguva yakapfuura asi vakaona kuwedzera kwenzvimbo dzemanyoro nekuda kwekutsvaira zvakare.
Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze kunoisa njodzi kune zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana zveBelarus, nekudzikira kwenzvimbo dzezvirimwa nemhuka dzeboreal uye kubuda kwemhando dzeshiri dzinokwikwidza kubva kumatunhu ekumaodzanyemba. Zvisikwa zvinoparadza, senge American mink, hogweed hombe, uye Canadian golden rod, zvinewo kukanganisa kumhuka dzekuzvarwa dzeBelarusian. Zvimwe anthropogenic zvinhu zvinobatsira kurasikirwa kwezvinhu zvipenyu zvinosanganisira kuchinja kwekushandiswa kwevhu, kusvibiswa, kutsemuka kwenzvimbo dzinogara, uye kukuvadzwa kwemasango kunokonzerwa nezvipembenene, zvirwere, madutu, uye moto.
Belarus yakaita matanho ekusimudzira kushanda yeConvention on Biological Diversity, ine tarisiro yemitemo yakavandudzwa, network yenzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa, masisitimu ekutonga ruzivo, uye kubatana kwenyika. Nyika yacho strategic zvinangwa zve kuchengetedza zvipenyu zvinosanganisira kudzivirira kuderera kwehuwandu hwemarudzi uye kusiyana-siyana, kuwana kushandiswa kwakasimba kwezvakasiyana-siyana zvipenyu, uye kusimbisa kutevedza neAichi Biodiversity Targets.
Kutyisidzira kuBelarus Biodiversity
Izvo zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana muBelarus zvakatarisana nezvakawanda zvinotyisa, kusanganisira kurasikirwa kwekugara, kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, uye kukanganisa kwemabasa evanhu pane zvisikwa. Uku kutyisidzira kune zvakakosha kune yakasarudzika mhuka nembeu yemiti inowanikwa munyika, pamwe neakazara utano ye mhepo mvura nenzvimbo.
Rimwe rematambudziko makuru kune zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana muBelarus kurasikirwa kwekugara. Kutendeuka kwe dzinogara zvisikwa zvekurima, kuguta, uye kuvandudzwa kwezvivakwa zvakaguma nokuparadzwa nokuparadzana kwezvinhu zvipenyu. Uku kurasikirwa kwenzvimbo kunokanganisa zvakananga kurarama nekuberekana kwemarudzi akawanda, zvichiita kuti vanhu vaderere uye kunyange kutsakatika. Uyezve, kucherwa kwematoro uye kubviswa kwemasango kwakakonzerawo kurasikirwa kwenzvimbo dzinokosha dzekugara kwemarudzi akawanda emiti nemhuka.
Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze ndeimwe njodzi huru kune zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana muBelarus. Kukwira kwetembiricha uye kusanaya kwemvura kwakachinja zvine zvazvinoita pakugovera uye maitiro ezvipenyu. Semuyenzaniso, mbesa dzemiti nemhuka, dzinojairana nemamiriro ekunze anotonhora, dzinogona kunetseka kurarama sezvo nzvimbo dzadzo dzinogara dzichiderera nekuda kwekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze. Uyezve, kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze kunogona kukanganisa maitiro akakosha ezvakatipoteredza, semafambiro ekufambisa, kutenderera kwekubereka, uye hukama hwemhuka dzinobata mhuka, izvo zvese zvakakosha pakushanda kwezvipenyu.
Zviitwa zvevanhu, kusanganisira kusvibiswa, kushandiswa zvakanyanya kwe zviwanikwa, uye kuunzwa kwemarudzi anoparadza, kunopawo ngozi huru kune Belarus zvakasiyana-siyana. Kubudirira kwemaindasitiri uye kurima kwakasimba kwakonzera kuwedzera kusvibiswa, izvo zvinogona kusvibisa miviri yemvura nevhu, zvichikanganisa hutano hwezvirimwa, mhuka, uye tupukanana. Kukohwewa kwezvipenyu nokuda kwezvinangwa zveupfumi, zvakadai sokuvhima nekubata hove, zvinogona kupedza huwandu hwevanhu uye kukanganisa. ecological balance. Zvisikwa zvinoparadza, zvose zviri zviviri zvinomera nemhuka, zvinogona kukurira marudzi enzvimbo nokuda kwezviwanikwa uye kukanganisa ecosystem masimba.
Izvo zvakakosha kugadzirisa kutyisidzira uku uye kuita matanho ekuchengetedza kuchengetedza nekuchengetedza Belarus kusiyana-siyana. Nhamburiko dzinofanira kutarisisa kudzorerwa kwekugara uye kudzivirira, kusimudzira kushandiswa kwevhu kwakasimba maitiro, kuderedza kukanganiswa kwemamiriro ekunze, uye kutonga mhuka dzinoparadza. Uyezve, kusimudzira ruzivo uye kushamwaridzana nharaunda dzemunharaunda in zvirongwa zvekuchengetedza kwakakosha pakuwana budiriro yenguva refu mukuchengetedza hupfumi hwakasiyana-siyana hweBelarus.
| Zvinotyisa | Impact |
|---|---|
| Kugara Kwekugara | - Kuparadza uye kupatsanuka kwe ecosystems -Kurasika kwenzvimbo dzekugara dzakakosha dzezvirimwa nemhuka |
| Kuchinja Kwemamiriro ekunze | -Kudzikira kwenzvimbo dzezvipenyu zvinotonhora - Kukanganiswa kwemaitiro ecological - Shanduko mukugoverwa kwemarudzi uye maitiro |
| Mabasa Evanhu | - Kusvibiswa kwemvura uye ivhu -Kunyanya kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakasikwa -Kuunzwa kwemarudzi anokanganisa |
Nheyo dzinokosha
- Kurasika kwenzvimbo yekugara, kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, uye zviitiko zvevanhu zviri kukanganisa zvipenyu zveBelarus.
- Kurasikirwa kwenzvimbo yekugara kunokonzerwa nekuwedzera kwekurima, kukura kwemaguta, uye kwezvivako kubudirira.
- Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze kuri kukanganisa kugoverwa kwemarudzi, maitiro, uye maitiro ezvakatipoteredza.
- Zviito zvevanhu, kusanganisira kusvibisa uye kushandiswa zvakanyanya, zviri kukonzera kumwe kukuvadza kune zvakasiyana-siyana.
- Kuedza kuchengetedza kunofanirwa kutarisisa kudzoreredzwa kwenzvimbo, kushandiswa kwevhu kwakasimba, kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, uye kutarisira marudzi anoparadza.
"Kusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu muBelarus kuri mungozi kubva mukurasikirwa kwekugara, kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, uye zviitiko zvevanhu. Matambudziko aya anoda kuti zviitwe nechimbichimbi kuchengetedza nekuchengetedza mhuka dzakasiyana nedzimwe nezvinomera zviri munyika.”
Kuedza Kuchengetedza muBelarus
Belarus iri kushingaira kuita Wildlife kuchengetedza uye ecosystem kuchengetedza, nevakawanda zvirongwa zvekuchengetedza nekugadzwa kwenzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa munyika yose. Iyo yakapfuma biodiversity yeBelarus, ine dzakasiyana siyana maruva nemhuka, chinhu chakakosha chinoda kuchengetedzwa nekutarisira nekungwarira.
Imwe yematanho akakosha mu kuchengetedza mhuka ndiko kugadzwa kwenzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa. Nzvimbo idzi dzinoshanda senzvimbo dzekugara zvipenyu zviri mungozi uye kubatsira kuchengetedza zvakasikwa ecosystems yeBelarus. Parizvino, Belarus ine network yenzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa dzinofukidza 7.7% yenyika, kusanganisira mapaki enyika, muzvarirwo nzvimbo dzinochengeterwa mhuka, nenzvimbo dzinochengeterwa mhuka. Idzi nzvimbo dzakadzivirirwa dzinopa nzvimbo dzakachengeteka dzemarudzi akasiyana-siyana emiti nemhuka, zvichiita kuti dzirambe dzichirarama kwenguva refu.
Wildlife zvirongwa zvekuchengetedza zvakakoshawo muBelarus. Aya mapurojekiti anotarisa kune chaiwo marudzi kana ecosystem, achivavarira kuchengetedza nekudzoreredza vanhu vawo. Semuyenzaniso, kwave nekubudirira kwekuedza kuchengetedza zvipenyu zvakaita semute swan uye aquatic warbler, izvo zvakabviswa muRed Data Book nekuda kwezvirongwa izvi.
Hurumende nemasangano akasiyana-siyana muBelarus vari kuita basa iri ecosystem kuchengetedza uye kudzorerwa. Vanoshandisa matanho ekudzivirira kurasikirwa kwenzvimbo, kurwisa kusvibiswa, uye kugadzirisa zviitiko zvevanhu zvinogona kukanganisa kusiyana kwezvipenyu. Pamusoro pezvo, kushandira pamwe kwenyika dzese kunobata basa rakakosha mukuedza kuchengetedza, neBelarus inotora chikamu muzvirongwa zvepasi rose.
Kuchengetedza Mapurojekiti muBelarus
Pazasi pane tafura inoratidza zvimwe zve zvirongwa zvekuchengetedza muBelarus:
| purojekiti | tsananguro |
|---|---|
| UNDP-GEF Wetlands Project | Zvinangwa zvekuchengetedza uye kudzoreredza matoro ecosystem muBelarus, tichitarisa nezvekuchengetedza shiri dzisingawanzo shiri uye kushandiswa kwakasimba kwezviwanikwa zvematoro. |
| National Parks Development Project | Inotarisa pakugadzwa nekuvandudzwa kwemapaki emunyika muBelarus kuchengetedza nzvimbo dzakakosha uye kusimudzira kushanya kwakasimba. |
| Belovezhskaya Pushcha Biosphere Reserve | Imwe yemasikirwo ekare muEurope, yakatsaurirwa kuchengetedza yakasarudzika yakasarudzika uye tsika nemagariro yesango rekare. |
| Kuchengetedza Bison Population | Inovavarira kudzoreredza uye kuchengetedza huwandu hunozviraramisa hwenyati dzekuEurope, mhuka inorema kupfuura dzimwe dzose muEurope, kuburikidza nekugadzirisa nzvimbo dzekugara uye zvirongwa zvekuberekesa zvakatapwa. |
Aya mapurojekiti ekuchengetedza, pamwe chete nekuedza kwenharaunda uye vanhuwo zvavo, zvinobatsira mukuchengetedzwa kwese kwese kweBelarus biodiversity. Ivo vanoita basa rakakosha mukusimbisa kwenguva refu kuchengetedza yemhoteredzo yemhoteredzo yenyika uye kurarama kwemarudzi ayo akasiyana ezvinomera nemhuka.
Belarus yakazvipira kusimudzira budiriro uye biodiversity research kuwedzerazve mabasa ekuchengetedza. Zvichienderera mberi zvidzidzo zvezesayenzi tarisa pakunzwisisa kukanganisa kwekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze, kurasikirwa kwenzvimbo, uye mabasa evanhu pane zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana. Zvidzidzo izvi zvinopa maonero akakosha anotungamira nzira dzekuchengetedza uye anozivisa sarudzo dzemitemo.
Zvakakosha kuziva kukosha kwekuedza kuchengetedza muBelarus uye kudiwa kwe Sustainable development practices kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwezvakapfuma zvakasiyana-siyana zvipenyu zvezvizvarwa zvinotevera.
Sustainable Development uye Biodiversity Tsvagiridzo muBelarus
Maitirwo ebudiriro akasimba akakosha mukuchengetedzwa kweBelarus biodiversity, nekuenderera mberi nekutsvaga uye zvidzidzo zvezesayenzi kuita basa rakakosha mukunzwisisa nekuchengetedza vapfumi venyika nhaka yechisikigo. Belarus imusha kune marudzi akasiyana-siyana ezvidyarwa nemhuka, ane angangoita gumi nemaviri emarudzi emiti, anosanganisira fungi nemaalgae, uye 12,000 marudzi emhuka dzine vertebrates. Nekudaro, kusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu muBelarus kunotarisana nekutyisidzira kwakawanda, kusanganisira kurasikirwa kwenzvimbo, kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, uye kuunzwa kwezvipenyu zvinopinda.
Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze, kunoratidzwa nekuwedzera tembiricha uye kuderera kwekunaya kwemvura, kunopa dambudziko guru kuBelarus zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana. Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze kunokanganisa kuenzana kwezvakatipoteredza uye kunoshandura kugoverwa nekuumbwa kwemarudzi ezvirimwa nemhuka. Matope nemasango, inzvimbo dzinokosha dzekugara kwemarudzi mazhinji, ari panjodzi huru. Kusanaya kwemvura, madutu, uye kubuda kwezvipenyu zvinoparadza zvinoparira kushatiswa kwezvipenyu.
Masayendisiti uye vaongorori muBelarus vari kushingaira kuita biodiversity research kuongorora kukanganisa kwekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze uye kumwe kutyisidzira kwemaruva nemhuka dzenyika. Zvidzidzo izvi zvinopa ruzivo rwakakosha mukushanduka kwesimba rezvisikwa uye zvinotsigira kuvandudzwa kwe nzira dzekuchengetedza. Kuedza kutsvagisa kunonangana nekutarisa huwandu hwemarudzi, kudzidza nzira dzekudzorera pekugara, uye kuona matanho anoshanda ekudzikisa kukanganisa kwekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze.
Kuchengetedza Mapurojekiti uye Matanho
Belarus yakazvipira kuchengetedza zvipenyu zvayo zvakasiyana-siyana kuburikidza nemapurojekiti akasiyana uye zvirongwa. Nyika yakamisa network yenzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa, dzinosanganisira 7.7% yenzvimbo yese yevhu, kuchengetedza zvakakosha ecosystem uye. mhando dzisingawanzo. Idzi nzvimbo dzakadzivirirwa dzinoshanda sehutiziro hwakakosha hwekusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu uye dzinotsigira maitiro ebudiriro.
Hurumende yeBelarus yakaita matanho ekusimudzira kuitwa kweConvention on Biological Diversity. Iyo yakagadziridzwa National Biodiversity Strategy uye Action Plan yakanangana nekuvandudza mutemo, kumisa network yenzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa, kusimudzira manejimendi eruzivo, uye kukurudzira kubatana kwenyika. Zviito izvi zvinovavarira kudzivirira kudzikira kwehuwandu hwemarudzi, kukurudzira kushandiswa kwakasimba kwemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvipenyu, uye kusimbisa kuedza kuchengetedza.
| matambudziko | Kuedza Kuchengetedza |
|---|---|
| Kurasika kwenzvimbo yekugara uye kuparara | Kugadzwa kwenzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa |
| Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze | Tsvagiridzo nekutarisisa ecosystems |
| Mhando dzinopenga | Kuitwa kwemaitiro ezvipenyu zvinoparadza |
| Basa remaindasitiri uye kusvibiswa | Mitemo yekudzikisa zvinosvibisa uye kukurudzira miitiro yakadzikama |
Kuedza kuchengetedza muBelarus kunotsigirwa nekudyidzana nedzimwe nyika nerutsigiro kubva kumasangano akaita seUnited Nations Development Programme (UNDP) neGlobal Environmental Facility (GEF). Kudyidzana uku kunogonesa kuzadzikiswa kwezvirongwa zvekuchengetedza zvisikwa uye kukurudzira maitiro ebudiriro.
Pakazere, maitiro ekusimudzira uye tsvagiridzo yezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinhu zvakakosha zvekuchengetedza Belarus biodiversity. Nekunzwisisa kutyisidzira uye kuita nhanho dzinoshanda dzekuchengetedza, Belarus inogona kuchengetedza yakasarudzika zvirimwa nemhuka kuti zvizvarwa zvinotevera zvinakirwe.
Kwakabva: United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Belarus, Kuongorora kweBidiversity Assessment yeBelarus, uye National Academy yeSainzi yeBelarus.
mhedziso
Mukupedzisa, Belarus biodiversity chinhu chakakosha chinoda kuenderera mberi kwekuchengetedza, maitiro ebudiriro, uye tsvakiridzo yesainzi kuti ive nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwayo kuzvizvarwa zvinotevera. Masikirwo akasarudzika epasi uye ecosystem, anotora chikamu chakakosha chedunhu rayo, anotsigira akapfuma akasiyana ezvinomera nemhuka.
Belarus inogara kune angangoita gumi nemaviri emarudzi emiti, anosanganisira akasiyana siyana efungi uye algae, inomiririra ingangoita makumi masere muzana emhando yemaruva. Nyika zvakare ine huwandu hwakakosha hwemhando dzehove dzechinzvimbo uye huwandu hwakawanda hwemhuka dzine vertebrates uye invertebrates. Zvisinei, kusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu muBelarus kunotarisana netyisidziro dzakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira kurasikirwa nepekugara, kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, uye kupinda kwemarudzi akasiyana.
Nhamburiko dzekuchengetedza Belarus kusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu dzinosanganisira kuumbwa kwenzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa uye zvirongwa zvekuchengetedza mhuka dzesango. Sistimu yenyika yenzvimbo dzakadzivirirwa inosvika 7.7% yenyika uye ine chinangwa chekuchengetedza zvisingawanzo uye. zvipenyu zviri mungozi nenzvimbo dzavo dzokugara. Pamusoro pezvo, maitiro ebudiriro anogara achiitwa kuchengetedza mhando dzakakoshesesa dzenzvimbo, dzakadai sematoro nemasango.
Tsvagiridzo yesainzi inoita basa rakakosha mukunzwisisa nekuchengetedza Belarus kusiyana-siyana. Zvidzidzo zvinoenderera mberi uye mapurojekiti ekutsvagisa zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinopa ruzivo uye manejimendi emaruva nemhuka dzenyika. Ruzivo rwakaunganidzwa kuburikidza nekuedza uku kwesainzi inobatsira kuzivisa nzira dzekuchengetedza uye inotsigira maitiro ekuita sarudzo.
Kunyange kufambira mberi kwakakosha kwaitwa mukuchengetedza nekuchengetedza Belarus kusiyana-siyana, pachine basa rakawanda rinofanira kuitwa. Zvinetso zvinokonzerwa nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze uye mabasa evanhu zvinoda kuenderera mberi nekushanda pamwe nekubatana kwenyika dzakawanda. Nekuisa pamberi pekuchengetedza, kusimudzira maitiro, uye tsvakiridzo yesainzi, Belarus inogona kuve nechokwadi chekugara kwenguva refu uye kushandiswa kwakasimba kwemhando dzakasiyana dzezvirimwa nemhuka.
FAQ
Mubvunzo: Chii chinonzi biodiversity yakafanana muBelarus?
A: Belarus imusha kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvirimwa nemhuka. Inozvirumbidza pamusoro pe12,000 emarudzi emiti, kusanganisira 7,000 marudzi efungi uye 2,000 marudzi ealgae. Kune 1,638 marudzi emidziyo yevascular uye makumi mana nenhanhatu ehove dzechinyakare. Nyika iyi zvakare ine zvipenyu zvinoverengeka zvisingawanzo uye zviri mungozi, senge aquatic warbler uye European mink.
Mubvunzo: Ndezvipi zvinonyanya kutyisidzira kuBelarus biodiversity?
A: Zvinonyanya kutyisidzira kusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu muBelarus zvinosanganisira kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, kurasikirwa kwenzvimbo, kusvibiswa, uye kuunzwa kwezvipenyu zvinoparadza. Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze kwakakonzera shanduko yemamiriro ekunze uye mamiriro ekunze, zvichikanganisa nzvimbo dzezvirimwa nemhuka. Kurasika kwenzvimbo yekugara kunoitika nekuda kwezvinhu zvakaita sekutemwa kwemasango uye kukura kwemaguta. Kusvibiswa kunobva mumabasa emaindasitiri kunoparirawo ngozi kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvipenyu. Uyezve, kuiswa kwezvipenyu zvinoparadza zvinhu zvinokanganisa zvisikwa uye kunodzinga marudzi eko.
Mubvunzo: Ndeapi mabasa ekuchengetedza ari kuitwa muBelarus?
A: Belarus yakaita mabasa akasiyana-siyana ekuchengetedza kuchengetedza zvipenyu zvayo. Izvi zvinosanganisira kutangwa kwenzvimbo dzakadzivirirwa, dzakadai semapaki enyika nenzvimbo dzinochengeterwa mhuka, kuchengetedza nzvimbo dzinokosha dzekugara. Nyika ine zvakare mitemo inochengetedza masango kuitira kuti ive nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwemasango. Mapurojekiti okuchengetedza akabudirira mukudzivirira uye kunyange kubvisa mamwe marudzi pandandanda iri mungozi yokutsakatika.
Mubvunzo: Kubudirira kwakasimba kwakabatana sei neBelarus biodiversity?
A: Kusimukira kwakasimba kunoita basa rakakosha mukuchengetedza Belarus kusiyana-siyana. Nekusimudzira maitiro akachengetedzeka muzvikamu zvakaita sekurima nekushanya, nyika inogona kuderedza kukanganisa kwakashata pane zvipenyu uye zvipenyu. Kubudirira kunogara kunosanganisirawo kubatanidza Kuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu mumitemo nezvirongwa, pamwe nekuita tsvakiridzo yesainzi kuti unzwisise zviri nani nekudzivirira maruva nemhuka zveBelarus.
Q: Ndeapi matambudziko makuru mukuchengetedza Belarus biodiversity?
A: Matambudziko makuru mukuchengetedza zvisikwa zvakasiyana-siyana zveBelarus anosanganisira kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, kurasikirwa nepekugara, zviwanikwa zvisina kukwana pakuedza kuchengetedza, uye kudiwa kwekutevedzwa kwakasimba kwemitemo yezvakatipoteredza. Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze kunotyisidzira zvipenyu nemarudzi, nepo kurasikirwa kwenzvimbo kunoenderera mberi nekuda kwemabasa evanhu. Mari yakakwana uye zviwanikwa zvakakosha pazvirongwa zvekuchengetedza zvinobudirira. Kusimbaradza kutevedzwa kwemitemo yezvemhoteredzo kwakakoshawo mukugadzirisa kutyisidzira kwekusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu.
