Ireland Biodiversity: Mhuka uye Zvirimwa Zvisikwa uye Chii Chiri Kutyisidzirwa

Ireland's biodiversity idura remhando yemhuka nezvinomera zvakasiyana-siyana, zvinoumba upenyu hwakapfuma. Nekudaro, iyi yakasarudzika nhaka yechisikigo inotarisana nematambudziko akakura uye kutyisidzira kuvapo kwayo. The kuchengetedza of Wildlife, kuchengetedzwa kwe dzinogara zvisikwa, uye kuchengetedzwa kwe zvipenyu zviri mungozi zvakakosha pakuona kuti kuIreland kwakasiyana-siyana zvipenyu kune zvizvarwa zvinotevera.

"Ndinoda Ayarendi. Ndinonzwa runyararo ipapo. Anongova mashiripiti uye akanaka.” Eva Girinhi

Zvipenyu muIreland: Zvatisingaone

Ireland inowanzopembererwa nekuda kweminda yakasvibira, mahombekombe egungwa ane mawere, uye zvikomo. Asi pasi penzvimbo idzi dzinoyevedza pane nyika ine zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana—zvinhu zvipenyu uye zvipenyu zvinochengetedza chinyararire. utano zvedu mhepo mvura nenzvimbo.

Iyo firimu pfupi Zvipenyu muIreland: Zvatisingaone inokwevera pfungwa dzedu kuzvikamu zvisinganyanyi kuoneka zvepasirese reIreland: zvinotakura mukume zvinoita kuti zvirimwa zvirambe zvichikura, howa dzinopwanya zvinhu zvipenyu zviri muvhu, uye shiri nemhuka dzinoyamwisa dzinovimba nekugara kuri kuramba kusisina kusimba. Zvinhu izvi kazhinji hazvionekwe, asi zvakakosha ecological balance.

Kuita kwevanhu, kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze, uye kurasikirwa kwekugara vari kuisa dzvinyiriro paIreland ecosystems. Peatlands iri kudirwa, hedgerows inobviswa, uye marudzi ekuzvarwa kudzingwa. Sezvinoratidzwa nefirimu racho, hakusi kurasikirwa kwemhuka dzesango dzinooneka chete kunokosha—asi kunyangarika kunononoka, chinyararire kwezvinotsigira upenyu pachahwo.

Asi, pane tariro. Munyika yose, inotungamirwa nenharaunda rewilding kuedza, kudzorerwa kwekugara, uye inoenderera mberi land management mapurojekiti ari kuwedzera simba. Iyi firimu inoda ruzivo rwakanyanya, rutsigiro rwakasimba rwemitemo, uye kubatana kwakadzama nenyika yakasikwa yakatitenderedza.

Zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana hazvisi chete pamusoro pezvatinoona-zviri pamusoro pezvatinosarudza kudzivirira.

Muna 2019, Ireland Yaive Yekutanga West-European Nyika Kushandisa BIOFIN

Muna 2019, Ireland yakava nyika yekutanga yeWestern Europe kutora iyo Biodiversity Finance Initiative (BIOFIN) methodology, ichimaka nhanho yakakosha mukugadzirisa matambudziko ayo ekusiyana kwezvipenyu. Pasinei nemamiriro ayo akasvibira, Ireland yakatarisana nedambudziko rekusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu, ne91% yemarudzi makuru ekugara mumamiriro ezvinhu asina kunaka uye zvipenyu zvakaita securlew uye yellowhammer ikozvino paIrish Red List yekuchengetedza kunetseka. ​

“Winterfell iri pamusoro peiri gomo guru muNorthern Ireland, uye unogona kuona mamiriro okunze ose aya achipinda. Zvikurukuru, denga rinotenderera gomo. - Kristian nairn

Ongororo yeNational Biodiversity Expenditure Review (NBER), yakaitwa naCraig Bullock kubva kuUniversity College Dublin naRachel Morrison vekuYunivhesiti yeExeter, vakashandisa nzira yeBIOFIN kuongorora mari yeIreland yezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana. Zvavakawana zvakaratidza kuti chikamu che97% chekushandiswa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinotungamirwa nemapazi ehurumende nemapazi, chikamu chikuru chinotsigirwa ne European Union mitemo uye kutamisa. Zvakanyanya kukosha, 80% yezvinoshandiswa izvi zvine chekuita nematanho ekushandisa anoenderera ane chinangwa chekudzikisa zvinokuvadza mukurima nemugungwa. ​

Kugamuchirwa kweiyo nzira yeBIOFIN kwakapa Ireland nzira yakarongeka yekutevera uye kuongorora mafambiro emari yezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana, ichiita kuti ienderane nezvinangwa zvekuchengetedzwa kwenyika nekunze. Chirongwa ichi hachina kungoburitsa nzira dziripo dzekupa mari chete asi chakasimbisawo kukosha kwekubatanidzwa uye strategic kuronga zvemari kunyatsounganidza zviwanikwa zve kuchengetedza zvipenyu.

Nekudaro muIreland, Dambudziko reBidiversity Crisis Ichiri Kutyisa

​Iyo Intergovernmental Sainzi-Policy Platform paBidiversity uye Ecosystem Services (IPBES) yakaburitsa ongororo yepasi rose inoratidza kudzikira kusati kwamboitika muzvarirwo, ine marudzi anopfuura miriyoni ari mungozi yokutsakatika. Uku kuparara kwezvipenyu zvinokanganisa hupfumi, kuchengetedzwa kwechikafu, hutano, uye hupenyu hwepasirese, zvichikanganisa kufambira mberi kusvika ku80% Sustainable Development zvinangwa

MuIreland, dambudziko racho rinotyisa zvakaenzana. Pakati pezvipenyu zvinosvika zviuru makumi matatu neshanu zvinozivikanwa, zvingangoita gumi muzana chete zvakaongororwa, zvichiratidza kuti makumi maviri muzana ari panjodzi yekutsakatika. Zvinokosha, chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chenyuchi dzemhando dzakatarisana nekutsakatika, uye hove dzinozivikanwa senge salmon yeAtlantic, European eel, uye ngirozi shark dzatambura kuderera kwakanyanya. Mhando dzeshiri dzakadai securlew uye corncrake dzave kudzikira zvakanyanya. Pamusoro pezvo, nzvimbo dzekugara dzakadzivirirwa pasi peEU Habitats Directive dzakaona kudzikira kwemamiriro ekuchengetedza, uye huwandu hwezvipembenene hwadzikira zvakanyanya, zvichikonzera minda isina kugadzikana uye hedgerow. Kuwedzera nyaya idzi ndiko kupihwa mari isingaperi kwe kuchengetedza zvisikwa nehurumende.

​

Pasinei nematambudziko aya, pane zviri kuitika zvakanaka. Mamiriro ekuchengetedza emamwe marudzi akachengetedzwa pasi peHabitats Directive avandudzwa, nemhando nhanhatu dzinoratidza shanduko dzakanaka uye 80% ikozvino yakagadzikana. Special agri-environment schemes inonangana nekuchengetedzwa kwemarudzi akaita sehuku harrier, curlew, uye pearl mussel yemumvura yakachena. Iyo All-Ireland Pollinator Plan yakabudirira kuita nharaunda, mabhizinesi, uye zviremera zvemunzvimbo mukutonga kwevhu kwevanotakura mukume uye zvipenyu zvakasiyana. Ruzivo rweveruzhinji rwuri kukura, nekuwedzera kwekutora chikamu chemugari sainzi uye shanduko inocherekedza pakati pevarimi kuenda kumaitiro anoenderana nekusiyana kwezvipenyu.​

Dr. Liam Lysaght, Mutungamiriri weNational Biodiversity Data Center, anosimbisa kukurumidza kwekuchinja kwekushandura, kusanganisira kurongeka patsva pane zvese zvetekinoroji, zvehupfumi, uye zvemagariro. Vanokurudzira mitemo inoda kuti mapurazi awane rubatsiro ape chikamu che20% cheminda yavo kuvandudzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana matanho. Lysaght inodaidzira kuhurumende kuti itungamire mukugadzirisa dambudziko rekusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu, kukurudzira nharaunda yechokwadi, nhaurirano dzine humbowo uye mhinduro dzekubatana.

“Handina kumbova nedambudziko rokuwana kurudziro; Ireland yaigara iripo, munoziva? — Brendan Gleeson​

Ayarendi 4th National Biodiversity Action Plan

​Ireland's 4th National Biodiversity Action Plan (NBAP), ine musoro “Zviito Zvezvakasikwa”, inoronga kosi yakazara yekuchengetedza uye kudzoreredza zvipenyu zvenyika kubva muna 2023 kusvika 2030. Yakatangwa muna Ndira 2024, chirongwa ichi chinonongedza zviito zana nemakumi mapfumbamwe nemana zvine chinangwa chekudzosera kumashure. kurasikirwa kwezvinhu zvipenyu uye kukurudzira kuzvipira kwakadzama kwenzanga mukuchengetedza zvisikwa.​

Ireland yechina yeNational Biodiversity Action Plan (NBAP), ine zita “Zviito Zvezvakasikwa”, inomiririra kuchinja kukuru mumaitiro enyika pakuchengetedza kusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu. Kekutanga, chirongwa ichi chinotsigirwa nemutemo, unoisa zvisungo zvepamutemo pamasangano ehurumende kuti atore chikamu mukuedza kuchengetedza kusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu. iwdg.ie

Iyo NBAP inotsanangura 194 zviito zvakanangana nekugadzirisa kuderera kunotyisa kwekusiyana kwezvipenyu zveIreland. Zvinonyanya kukosha, chinenge chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chezvipenyu zvakachengetedzwa neEU uye 85% yenzvimbo dzekugara dzakakosha munyika dziri mumamiriro ezvinhu asina kunaka, uye mazhinji ari kuramba achiipa. Urongwa uhwu hunosimbisa kubatanidzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana muzvikamu zvose zvehurumende nemagariro evanhu, kukurudzira nzira ye "All-of-Government, all-of-society".

Matanho akakosha anosanganisira kuwedzera mapaki emunyika, kurwisa mhuka dzinopinda, kuwedzera kuomerwa kwemhosva dzemhuka, uye kukurudzira. munharaunda kubatanidzwa in kuedza kuchengetedza. Hurongwa uhu hunosanganisirawo kurudziro kubva kuCitizens’ Assembly pamusoro pekurasikirwa kweBiodiversity Loss uye inoongorora mukana wekucherechedza kodzero dzechisikigo, zvichibvira kuburikidza nekuvandudzwa kwebumbiro remitemo.

Mukufambirana nezvinangwa zveEuropean Union zvakakura, NBAP inotsigira EU kudzorerwa kwezvisikwa mutemo nekugadza zviri pamutemo zvinosunga zvinangwa zve ecosystem kudzoreredza uye kudzivirira njodzi. Iri zano rakazara rinosimbisa kuzvipira kweIreland kudzoreredza kurasikirwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana uye kubatanidza kutariswa kwezvakatipoteredza muhurongwa hwenyika.

Zvinangwa Zvishanu

Iyo NBAP yakaumbwa yakatenderedza zvibodzwa zvishanu zvakakosha

1. Gamuchira Hurumende Yese, Yese yeSosaiti Maitiro kune Zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana​

2. Sangana Nechimbichimbi Chekuchengetedza uye Kudzorera Zvinodiwa​

3. Chengetedza Mupiro Wezvakasikwa kune Vanhu- dlrppn.ie

4. Simbisa Humbowo hweUmbowo hwekuita paBidiversity

5. Simbisa Mupiro weIreland kune International Biodiversity Initiatives​

Zvinangwa izvi zvine chinangwa chekubatanidza zvinotariswa nezvemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvipenyu mumasekita ese, kugadzirisa zvinonetsa zvekuchengetedza ipapo, kuziva zvakanakira zvakasikwa munharaunda, kuvandudza ruzivo nekutsvaga, uye kusimbisa basa reIreland mukuedza kwepasi rose kusiyanisa zvipenyu. 

Kubudirira Kwekubatana

Hurongwa uhwu hwakagadzirwa kuburikidza nekudyidzana kwakawanda, kunosanganisira Boka reKushanda reBiodiversity Working Group, iro rakazvimirira reBiodiversity Forum, uye pfungwa dzakaunganidzwa kubva kuIreland yechipiri yeNational Biodiversity Conference. Chirongwa chekubvunza veruzhinji chakawedzera kupfumisa hurongwa uhu, zvichiva nechokwadi chekuti maonero akasiyana-siyana akatariswa. ​

Implementation uye Impact

Nekuita zviito izvi, Ireland ine chinangwa chekumisa nekudzoreredza kurasikirwa kwezvisikwa zvakasiyana-siyana, kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu nemasevhisi avanopa. Chirongwa chinosimbisa the kukosha yekubatana kwenharaunda, kubatanidzwa kwemitemo, uye tsvagiridzo yesainzi mukuzadzisa zvinangwa zvayo.

Zvisikwa zveMhuka muIreland: Mufananidzo weMhuka dzemusango paEmerald Isle

Runako rwechisikigo rweIreland harungori nezveminda yakasvibira uye inoshamisa mahombekombe egungwa - zvakare imusha kune dzakasiyana siyana dzemhuka dzinonakidza. Nekuda kwechimiro chayo chechitsuwa, mamiriro ekunze ane hunyoro, uye nhoroondo refu yezviitwa zvevanhu, mhuka dzeIreland dzakasiyana, paine mamwe mapeji mukusiyana-siyana asi akawanda anoyevedza emunharaunda uye akaunzwa marudzi.

Mammita

Ireland ine mhuka shoma dzepanyika kupfuura nyika yeEurope, muchidimbu nekuda kwekuparadzaniswa kwayo kweIce Age. Kunyange zvakadaro, zvimwe zvipenyu zvinoshamisa zvinokura muno.

• Tsvuku mbichana: Yakapararira uye inochinjika zvakanyanya, inowanzoonekwa mumaruwa nemumaguta.

• Irish Hare (Lepus timidus hibernicus): Rudzi rwakasiyana runowanikwa muIreland chete, runosiyaniswa nehukuru hwarwo uye mvere dzvuku.

• Pine Marten: Kana yave kuda kutsakatika, yakadzoka uye inoita basa mukudzora gireyi dzinopinda.

• Tsvuku tsvuku (Cervus elaphus): Mhando dzemhembwe dzemuIreland chete, dzinowanikwa zvakanyanya muKillarney National Park.

• Otters: Inowanikwa munzizi nemahombekombe, Ireland ndiyo imwe yenzvimbo dzakanakisa muEurope kuona zvisikwa izvi zvisingaite.

Introduced Mammals

• Fallow Deer: Yakaunzwa nevaNorman uye zvino yakapararira.

• Grey Squirrel: Yakaunzwa mukutanga kwezana remakore rechi20, inokwikwidzana neyekuzvarwa squirrel tsvuku.

• Muntjac Deer uye American Mink vari pakati pevachangobva kusvika vakakanganisa gadziriro yezvipenyu yomunzvimbomo.

Birds

Ireland inzvimbo yezvipenyu zveshiri, kunyanya mhuka dzinotama neshiri dzemugungwa.

• puffins: Nest pamawere emahombekombe munzvimbo dzakaita seSkellig Michael neRathlin Island.

• Zizi reBarn: Chikara chiri kuderera asi chine mucherechedzo weusiku.

• Chough: Rudzi rwegunguwo risingawanikwe rine makumbo matsvuku uye bhiri rakakombama, rinowanikwa munzvimbo dzemahombekombe kumadokero.

• Brent Geese uye Whooper Swans: Vashanyi vechando kubva kuArctic.

• curlw: Imwe yeshiri dziri mungozi yekuberekesa yeIreland, ine ruzha runotyisa runomiririra kumaruwa.

Marine Hupenyu

Yakapoteredzwa neAlantic Ocean, mvura yegungwa yeIreland yakapfuma mumhando dzegungwa.

• Harbor Seals uye Grey Zvisimbiso: Inowanikwa mumahombekombe egungwa uye estuaries.

• Basking Sharks: Hove yechipiri pakukura munyika, inowanzoonekwa kubva kumahombekombe ekumadokero muzhizha.

• Dolphins: Bottlenose uye ma dolphin akajairika anowanzoonekwa, kunyanya muShannon Estuary.

• Whales: Minke, fin, uye humpback whales vanopfuura mumvura yeIrish panguva yekutama kwavo.

Amphibians & Reptiles

Iriland ine mhando imwe chete yekuzvarwa yeimwe neimwe:

• Common Frog (datya renguva pfupi): Yakapararira uye yakachengetedzwa pasi pemutemo weIrish.

• Smooth Newt (Lissotriton vulgaris): Newt yeIreland chete, inowanikwa mumadziva uye matope.

• Viviparous Lizard (Vivipara zootoca): Chikara chega chega, chinowanzoonekwa chichinyura pamatombo kana makomo.

Zvipembenene uye Invertebrates

Hupenyu hweIreland husina mutsauko haukosheswi asi hwakasiyana:

• Butterflies sai Peacock, Small Tortoiseshell, uye Marsh Fritillary (rudzi rwakachengetedzwa).

• nyuchi: 100+ mhuka dzenyuchi, kusanganisira dziri kutyisidzirwa Great Yellow Bumblebee.

• Mvura yakachena Pearl Mussel: Imwe yezvipenyu zveIreland zviri mungozi yekutsakatika, inowanikwa munzizi dzakachena, dzinoyerera.

Zvipenyu zviri Mungozi

Pasinei nekunaka kwayo kwechisikigo, Ireland yakatarisana nekurasikirwa kwemhando dzakasiyana siyana. Kutyisidzirwa kukuru kunosanganisira kuparadzwa kwepokugara, kusvibiswa, zvipenyu zvinopinda munyika, uye kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze.

• curlw, Mvura yakachena Pearl Mussel, uye Hen Harrier vari pakati pevari mungozi zvakanyanya.

• Mapurojekiti ekuchengetedza ari kuenderera mberi, kusanganisira kudzoreredza pekugara uye kuedza kwekutangazve (se White-tailed Gondo muKillarney uye Makondo egoridhe muDonegal).

Iyo Freshwater Pearl Mussel: Yakararama Kwenguva refu uye Ari Mungozi Zvisikwa

The mvura yakachena pearl mussel, nesainzi inozivikanwa seMargaritifera margaritifera, imhuka inoshamisa inowanikwa munzizi dzakachena, dzinoyerera nekukurumidza muIreland. Neavhareji yeupenyu hweanenge makore 100, ndiyo imwe yemhuka dzinorarama kwenguva refu munyika.

ichi bivalve mollusc inoita basa rakakosha mumagariro ayo emvura yakachena nekusefa mvura nekuvandudza kunaka kwayo. Inoshandawo senzvimbo yezvimwe zvipenyu zvakawanda, zvichiita kuti zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana. Zvisinei, the mvura yakachena pearl mussel yakatarisana kuisa mungozi kwakakomba nekuda kwe kusvibiswa, kunyanya sedimentation mumigero yenzizi.

Kusvibiswa kwemvura kunopa ngozi huru pakurarama kwehove dzemvura yakachena pearl. Sedimentation inokonzerwa nemabasa akaita sekurima uye kuvaka inogona kudzikamisa magill avo asina kusimba, ichitadzisa kugona kwavo kutora oxygen kubva mumvura.

ichi kusvibiswa-kuderera kwehuwandu hwevanhu hakusi kuIreland chete. MuEurope mose, 90% yemvura yakachena pearl mussels yakafa. MuIreland, mhuka iyi inoiswa mungozi yekutsakatika, kuratidza kudiwa kwekukurumidzira kuedza kuchengetedza kuchengetedza ugaro hwayo.

The mvura yakachena pearl mussel iri sensitive zvakanyanya kusvibiswa, kunyanya sedimentation mumigero yenzizi.

Kuchengetedza remangwana remvura yakachena pearl mussel, zvakakosha kugadzirisa kusvibiswa uye kuparara kwenzvimbo kunotyisidzira kuvapo kwayo. Zvirongwa zvekuchengetedza inofanira kutarisa kuderedza kusvibiswa kwemvura munzizi uye kuita matanho ekudzivirira kusvibiswa.

Uyezve, kuzivisa kukosha kwemhando iyi yakasiyana uye basa rayo mukuchengetedza hutano hwemvura yakachena ecosystem kwakakosha. Kubatanidza nharaunda dzenharaunda, vanobatana, uye vanoita zvemitemo mukati kuedza kuchengetedza inogona kutungamirira kune mamwe maitiro ekudzivirira anobudirira.

Kutyisidzira Kwakatarisana Nekusiyana Kwezvipenyu zveIreland

Zvipenyu zveIreland zvinotarisana nekutyisidzira kwakawanda, kunyanya nekuda kwe zviitiko zvevanhu uye zvinokonzerwa ne kudziya kwepasi rose. Kutyisidzira uku kunosanganisira kusvibiswa, kurasikirwa kwekugara, uye kuderera kwemarudzi.

Kusvibiswa kwetsvina chinhu chakakosha, kunyanya kana tasvika kunzizi dzedu, madhamu, uye matsime emvura. Kusvibiswa kwemitumbi yemvura iyi yakakosha kunokanganisa hupenyu hwemumvura, kusanganisira hove, amphibians, uye zvirimwa zvemumvura. Zvinokanganisa kudzikama kwezvipenyu izvi uye zvinounza njodzi huru kukurarama kwavo.

Habitat kurasikirwa uye kushatiswa kunobatsirawo mukuderera kwekusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu zveIreland. Inenge 85% yenzvimbo dzekugara dzakakosha munyika dzine chimiro chisina kunaka, zvichiratidza kusagadzikana kwavo. Izvi zvinosanganisira nzvimbo dzekugara mugungwa, dzakadai matombo ekorari nemibhedha yehuswa hwegungwa, iyo yakakosha pakutsigira mhando dzakasiyana dzezvipenyu zvemugungwa. Peatlands, masango, uye masango zvakare ari pasi pekumanikidzwa kukuru, zvichikonzera kurasikirwa kwakasiyana maruva nemhuka zvinotsamira pazvigaro izvi kuti zvirarame.

 “Ireland, changamire, nokuda kwezvakanaka kana kuti zvakaipa, haina kufanana neimwe nzvimbo iri pasi pedenga, uye hapana munhu anogona kubata sora rayo kana kuti kufema mhepo yayo pasina kuva nani kana kuti kuipa.” - George Bernard Shaw

Idzi nzvimbo dzekugara dziri kuderera dzinoita basa rakakosha mukupa masevhisi akakosha ezvakatipoteredza. Semuenzaniso, mapeatlands anochengeta yakawanda kabhoni, zvichibatsira kudzikisira shanduko yemamiriro ekunze. Ivo zvakare vanoita semasefa echisikigo, kuchenesa matsime emvura uye kudzivirira mafashama. Grasslands inopa nzvimbo dzakakosha dzemafuro emhuka dzesango uye zvipfuyo, nepo matanda anotsigira marudzi akasiyana-siyana eshiri uye anopa zvinhu zvakakosha sematanda.

"Kurasikirwa kwenzvimbo idzi dzekugara kunotyisidzira nhaka yedu yechisikigo uye kusimba kwezvipenyu zvedu," anodaro Dr. Sarah Johnson, mhuka dzakasiyana-siyana nyanzvi kuNational Wildlife Conservation Society. "Zvakakosha kuti tigadzirise kutyisidzira uku kuchengetedza zvipenyu zveIreland uye kuve nechokwadi chenguva refu kuchengetedza ecosystems yedu.”

“Mhuka dziri kuderera muIreland hadzisi nhamba dzakanyorwa chete; zvikamu zvakakosha zvezvipenyu zvedu uye zvidimbu zvisingatsivike zvenhaka yedu yechisikigo. "

Mhedzisiro yeKudziya Kwepasi

Zvikonzero zve kudziya kwepasi rose zvinowedzera kuwedzera kutyisidzira kwakatarisana nekusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu zveIreland. Kukwira kwetembiricha uye kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze kunogadzira mamiriro ezvinhu anonetsa kumarudzi mazhinji, zvichikanganisa kugona kwavo kurarama nekuberekana.

Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze kunovhiringa nguva yakaoma yemaitiro echisikigo, akadai sekutama, kutumbuka, uye kuberekesa. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kusawirirana pakati pehupenyu hwemarudzi uye kuwanikwa kwezvinhu zvakakosha sechikafu nepekugara.

“Kudziya kwe tembiricha kunogonawo kuguma nekuwedzera kwemarudzi anoparadza, zvichiwedzera kutyisidzira maruva nemhuka dzomunzvimbomo,” anotsanangura kudaro Dr. Emma Roberts, nyanzvi yezvemamiriro okunze paYunivhesiti yeDublin. “Mhuka dzinoparadza idzi dzinogona kukurira zviwanikwa pazviwanikwa, zvichiita kuti kuderedzwa kwezvisikwa zvakasiyana-siyana uye kuchinjwa kwezvinhu zvipenyu.

Zvikonzero zve kudziya kwepasi rose zvinonyanya kuoneka munzvimbo dziri mumahombekombe eIreland, uko kukwira kwemvura yegungwa uye kuwedzera kwezviitiko zvedutu zvinoisa imwe dzvinyiriro panzvimbo dzinogara dzisina njodzi. Saltmarshes uye dunes, akakosha ecosystems anopa kuchengetedzwa kwemahombekombe uye kutsigira zvakasiyana-siyana zvemhando dzezvirimwa nemhuka, zviri panjodzi yekurasika.

Zviri pachena kuti chiito chokukurumidza chinodiwa kugadzirisa kutyisidzira kwe zviitiko zvevanhu uye kudziya kwepasi rose pamarudzi akasiyana-siyana eIreland. Nekuderedza kusvibiswa, kuchengetedza nekudzorera nzvimbo dzekugara, uye kuita shanduko yemamiriro ekunze mazano, tinogona kushanda kuti tiwane nzira remangwana rakasimba yeIreland yakasarudzika uye akasiyana ecosystems.

Kukosha Kwezvakasikwa muKuita Sarudzo Yemitemo

Chinhu chakakosha chinobatsira kurasikirwa kwezvisikwa uye kutyisidzira kwakatarisana nekusiyana kwezvipenyu zveIreland kushaikwa kwekuonekwa kwezvisikwa mukati kuita sarudzo. Sangano reNational Economic & Social Council (NESC) rinoratidza dambudziko rakakosha iri, richisimbisa kukosha kwekucherechedzwa kukuru uye kubatanidzwa kwekukosha kwechisikigo kuita sarudzo.

“Kuchengetedza zvisikwa hakufanire kuve chinhu chekufunga kuita sarudzo; inofanira kuva musimboti wenzira yedu. Remangwana reIreland siyana zvipenyu zvinoenderana nekubatanidzwa kwe kuchengetedzwa kwezvisikwa uye matanho ekudzorera mumitemo yose yakakodzera, "anodaro Dr. Laura Burke, Director General we Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

Nokubatanidza kuchengetedza zvisikwa mu kuita sarudzo maitiro, tinogona kuona kuti kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza zvinotariswa zvakafanira uye kuti zvinokonzeresa kusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu zvinoongororwa nemazvo. Zvinoreva kubvuma kukosha kwemukati kwechisikigo uye kuziva kuti kuchengetedza kwayo kunofambidzana nebudiriro inoenderera uye kugara zvakanaka kwezvizvarwa zvazvino uye zvichauya.

Kuzvidavirira chinhu chakakosha pakuita sarudzo kunoshanda. Zvinosanganisira kutora mutoro wemigumisiro yezvinoitika zvedu zviito uye nekuona kuti mitemo uye zviito enderana nechinangwa che kuchengetedza zvisikwa. Mitemo yemitemo inobata vanoita sarudzo kuti vazvidavirire pakuchengetedzwa uye kudzoreredza dzinogara zvisikwa zvakakosha kudzoreredza maitiro ekuderera.

Collaboration pakati peNGOs, zviremera zvemunzvimbo, uye nharaunda dzinoita basa rakakura mukuumba sarudzo nekuita kuchengetedza zvisikwa zviyero. Kuburikidza nekuedza kwakaungana pamwe nemutoro wakagovanwa, tinokwanisa kugadzira ramangwana rakagadzikana nekuisa pamberi pekuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana uye kuona kuti mitemo inoratidza kukosha kwechisikigo mune zvese zvekuita sarudzo.

Basa reNGOs, Vakuru vemunharaunda, uye Nharaunda

MaNGO, makanzuru nenharaunda vanoita basa rakakosha mukukurudzira kuchengetedzwa kwechisikigo nekupesvedzera nzira dzekuita sarudzo. Unyanzvi hwavo, kuedza kwepasi, uye kubatanidzwa kwenharaunda kunobatsira mukusimudzira uye kushanda ye inoshanda nzira dzekuchengetedza. Nekuita zvechimbichimbi mukubvunzana, kupa ruzivo rwesainzi, uye kusimudzira ruzivo pamusoro pekukosha kwezvisikwa, vanobatana ava vane simba rekugadzira mitemo inoisa pamberi pekuchengetedzwa kwezvisikwa zvakasiyana-siyana.

Mienzaniso Yekubatana Kunobudirira

Mumwe muenzaniso wakabudirira we kubatsirana pakati peNGOs, zviremera zvemunharaunda, uye nharaunda ndiyo Burren Chirongwa mu County Clare. Ichi chirongwa chine chinangwa chekuchengetedza iyo yakasarudzika yeLimestone nzvimbo yeBurren uku ichitsigira maitiro ezvekurima. Kuburikidza nekubatanidzwa kwevarimi veko, zvesainzi nyanzvi, uye masangano ekuchengetedza, chirongwa chinochengetedza zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana, chinochengetedza tsika nemagariro, uye inopa mikana yehupfumi kunharaunda dzenharaunda.

Mumwe muenzaniso ndeyeDublin Bay Biosphere Partnership, a kubatsirana pakati peDublin manzwiro Council, Fingal County Council, Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown County Council, uye South Dublin County Council. Kudyidzana uku kunoshanda kuenzanisa mabasa ekuchengetedza ne zviitiko zvevanhu munzvimbo yeDublin Bay, kusimudzira kushanya kwakasimba, dzidzo, uye kubatana kwenharaunda mukuchengetedza zvisikwa.

Kuchengetedza Zvisikwa muKuita Sarudzo-Kuita: Kushevedzera Kuchinja

Sezvo Ireland yakatarisana nematambudziko ari kuwedzera mukuchengetedza kusiyana-siyana kwayo, zvakakosha kuisa pamberi pekuchengetedza zvisikwa mukuita sarudzo. Izvi zvinoda kuziva kukosha kwezvisikwa, kugadza kuzvidavirira nzira, uye kukurudzira kubatana pakati peNGOs, makanzuru, nenharaunda. Nekubatanidza zvisikwa muzvisarudzo zvemitemo, tinogona kuve neramangwana rakagadzikana renzvimbo yeIreland yakapfuma uye yakasiyana.

Kuchengetedza Kuedza Kudzoreredza uye Kuchengetedza Zvipenyu Zvakasiyana-siyana

Pasinei nematambudziko akatarisana nekusiyana-siyana kwezvinhu zvipenyu zveIreland, kufambira mberi kukuru kuri kuitwa kuburikidza nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana zvirongwa zvekuchengetedza. Kuedza kudzoreredza nekuchengetedza nzvimbo dzekugara uye zvipenyu zvinosanganisira zvirongwa zvinotarisa nezvekuchengetedza nzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa, zvirongwa zvekudzorera mumapaka enyika, uye zvirongwa zvinonangana nepekugara. Incentives for kurima zvine hushamwari uye miitiro yemasango inobatsirawo mukuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana. Kudyidzana ne varidzi venyika uye nharaunda dzakakosha mukubudirira kwezvirongwa izvi, izvo zvishoma nezvishoma zviri kudzoreredza kumwe kuderera uye kudzoreredza akakosha ecosystem senge peatlands.

Imwe nzira yakakosha yekuchengetedza ndeyekugadzwa uye manejimendi e nzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa. Nzvimbo dzakasarudzwa idzi, dzakadai semapaki enyika, nzvimbo dzinochengeterwa mhuka, uye nzvimbo dzinochengeterwa mhuka, dzinopa nzvimbo yakachengeteka yezvinomera nemhuka. Vanova nechokwadi chokuti nzvimbo dzekugara dzakakosha dzinodzivirirwa kubva kumabasa anoparadza evanhu uye dzinopa nzvimbo dzinokosha dzekuberekesa uye nzira dzekufambisa kune marudzi akawanda.

Kurima zvakasununguka uye tsika dzemasango dzinoitawo basa rinokosha mukuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana. Nekusimudzira maitiro ekurima anochengetedza uye anosimudzira nharaunda, senge kurima kwehupenyu uye agroforestry, zvirongwa izvi zvinobatsira kuchengetedza hutano hwakanaka uye kusimudzira kugarisana kwekurima nemhuka dzesango.

“Kuchengetedza harisi basa remasangano kana kuti hurumende chete; zvinoda kushanda nesimba kwevaridzi veminda nenharaunda dzenharaunda. Kudyidzana kwakakosha mukubudirira kwekuedza kuchengetedza, sezvo kuchibvumira kugovana ruzivo, zviwanikwa, uye hunyanzvi. "

Habitat kudzorerwa chimwe chinhu chakakosha pakuchengetedza kusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu. Mapurojekiti ekudzoreredza anovavarira kudzoreredza zvipenyu zvakashatiswa uye kugadzirazve nzvimbo dzekugara dzinotsigira maruva nemhuka. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira mabasa akadai kudyara masango, kudzorerwa kwevhu, uye kutangwazve kwemarudzi.

Kukosha Kwekubatana Mukuchengetedza

Kubudirira kwe zvirongwa zvekuchengetedza inovimba zvakanyanya nekudyidzana pakati pevachati vakasiyana, kusanganisira masangano ehurumende, masangano asiri ehurumende (NGOs), varidzi veminda, uye nharaunda. Nekushanda pamwechete kune chinangwa chakafanana, mapoka akasiyana aya anogona kubatanidza zviwanikwa zvavo nehunyanzvi, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakakosha kuchinja pamusoro pekuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana.

Kudyidzana nevaridzi veminda kunonyanya kukosha, sezvo vachigara vachitarisira nzvimbo huru dzevhu dzine nzvimbo dzakakosha dzekugara uye zvipenyu. Nekuita varidzi veminda mukuedza kuchengetedza uye kuvapa kurudziro nerutsigiro, zvinogoneka kugadzira network ye nzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa uye nzvimbo dzokugara dzakadzorerwa dzinogona kubatsira mhuka dzomusango nenzanga yomunzvimbomo.

Mukupedzisa, kunyangwe matambudziko akaunzwa ne kurasikirwa kwekugara, kusvibiswa, uye marudzi ari kuderera, zvirongwa zvekuchengetedza muIreland zviri kufambira mberi mukudzorera nekudzivirira kusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu. Nhamburiko dzakadai sekuchengetedza nzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa, kurima zvine hushamwari maitiro, uye kudzorerwa kwekugara mapurojekiti akakosha kuchengetedza nhaka yakasarudzika yeIreland. Nekushanda takabatana, tinogona kuve nechokwadi chekurarama kwenguva refu kwezvipenyu uye zvipenyu, tichigadzira ramangwana rakagadzikana kune zvese zvakasikwa uye nharaunda dzevanhu.

Basa reKumanikidzira muBidiversity Action

Yechina yenyika biodiversity action plan (NBAP) muIreland inosuma chikamu chakakosha kufambisa shanduko ine simba: enforceability. ne enforceability, masangano ehurumende inogona kumanikidzwa zviri pamutemo kutora danho mukuchengetedza nekudzorera zvipenyu zveIreland. Izvi zvinopfuura kuedza kwepamusoro sekudyara miti uye mibhedha yemaruva uye inosimbisa kukosha kwekubatika zviito izvo zvinoita mutsauko chaiwo.

Nekubata masangano ehurumende kuzvidavirira kuburikidza zvisungo zvepamutemo, enforceability inova nechokwadi chekuti kuedza kwekuchengetedza hakungori zviratidzo zvekufananidzira asi kunoguma nezviito zvine musoro kuchengetedza nhaka yakakosha yeIreland. Inopa hurongwa hwe masangano ehurumende kushingaira kubatsira kuchengetedza marudzi, kuchengetedzwa kwenzvimbo, uye ecosystem kudzoreredza. Iyi nzira yakakosha pakugadzirisa kutyisidzira kwakatarisana nekusiyana kwezvipenyu zveIreland uye kudzoreredza maitiro ekuderera.

Pamusoro pezvo, mutemo mutsva wekudzoreredza hunhu hweEU, nezvinangwa zvawo zvinosunga zviri pamutemo, zvichawedzera kukonzeresa kwekuita kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana. Uyu murairo uchafambisa kuedza kudzoreredza zvisikwa, kunyanya munzvimbo dzine mukana mukuru we kabhoni kubatwa, kudzivirira njodzi dzinongoitika dzoga, uye kukwidziridzwa kwemaitiro ecosystem. Kubatanidzwa kwekutemerwa kwenyika uye mitemo yeEU kunogadzira hwaro hwakasimba hwekuchengetedza kwakasiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu muIreland.

“Kuitwa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana kunoda zvinopfuura vavariro dzakanaka; zvinoda zviito zvakasimba uye zvisungo zvepamutemo kudzivirira nhaka yedu yechisikigo.”

Kuitwa kwematanho ekumanikidzira kunoratidza kuzvipira kweIreland kugadzirisa matambudziko ekukurumidzira ekurasikirwa kwezvisikwa zvakasiyana-siyana uye kuparara kwenzvimbo. Nekuona kuti masangano everuzhinji anotora matanho ekuchengetedza uye kudzoreredza kusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu, kusimbaradza kunovhura nzira yeramangwana rakagadzikana apo zvisikwa zveIreland zvakasarudzika uye zvipenyu zvinogona kubudirira.

Iko Kudikanwa kwe Natural Capital Accounting muKuchengetedza

Natural capital ndizvidavirire inoita basa rakakosha mukuzvidavirira kurinani kwekukosha kwezvisikwa nekubatanidza data yezvakatipoteredza muhurongwa hweakaundi yenyika ye zvehupfumi basa. Nekubatanidza misimboti ye natural capital accounting, tinogona kunyatsoyera uye kukoshesa zvikomborero izvo zvakasikwa zvinopa kunzanga.

Kudyidzana nemasikirwo kwakakosha pakusimudzira budiriro uye kuedza kwekuchengetedza kunoshanda. Natural capital accounting inotibvumira kunzwisisa kukosha kwezviwanikwa zvedu uye kuita sarudzo dzine ruzivo maererano nekugoverwa kwezviwanikwa. Zvinotibatsira kuziva kukosha kwehupfumi of ecosystem services, semhepo yakachena, mvura, uye ivhu, uye zvavanoita kuti zvehupfumi basa.

National Economic & Social Council (NESC) inosimbisa kukosha kweiyo natural capital accounting mukugadzirisa matambudziko ekuchengetedza nekudzoreredza zvipenyu zveIreland. Nokusarudza iyo kukosha kwehupfumi of zviwanikwa, tinogona kuratidza kukosha kwechokwadi kwekuedza kuchengetedza uye kutsigira mari yakakwana nemitemo kuti tive nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwazvo.

"Natural capital accounting inotigonesa kubatana nemasikirwo uye nekubatanidza kusimba mukuita sarudzo dzehupfumi."

Mabhenefiti e Natural Capital Accounting

1. Kuvandudzwa kwekuita Sarudzo: Natural capital accounting inopa hwaro hwakakwana hwekuongorora midziyo yezvakatipoteredza nebasa rayo mukutsigira zvehupfumi basa. Izvi zvinogonesa vanogadzira mitemo, mabhizinesi, uye nharaunda kuita sarudzo dzine ruzivo dzinoenzanisa kukura kwehupfumi uye kuchengetedzwa kwenzvimbo.

2. Kuyera Kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza: Accounting ye Natural capital inobvumira kuverengerwa uye kuongororwa kwe data yezvakatipoteredza, kusanganisira kukanganisa kwemabasa ehupfumi pane zvakatipoteredza. Ruzivo urwu runogona kubatsira kuona nzvimbo dzine hanya uye kutungamira kuedza kuchengetedza kwakanangwa.

3. Kukoshesa Ecosystem Services: Natural capital accounting inotibvumira kugovera kukosha kwehupfumi kune masevhisi uye mabhenefiti anopihwa neapo ecosystems, senge kabhoni sequestration uye kucheneswa kwemvura. Kukosheswa uku kunobatsira kuzivisa kukosha kwehupfumi hwekuchengetedza zviwanikwa.

4. Kugonesa Kudyidzana: Nekuona kukosha kwemari yechisikigo, vanobatana vakasiyana, kusanganisira hurumende, nharaunda, uye mabhizinesi, vanogona kushandirapamwe zvakanyanya kuzvinangwa zvakafanana zvekuchengetedza. Kudyidzana uku kunosimudzira kuvandudzwa kwezvigadziriso zvitsva uye kunosimudzira kushanda kwekuedza kwekuchengetedza.

Nyaya Yokudzidza: Environmental Accounting muIreland

MuIreland, Dhipatimendi Rezvakatipoteredza, Mamiriro ekunze uye Kukurukurirana rakashandisa System of Environmental-Economic Accounts (SEEA) kubatanidza. data yezvakatipoteredza mumaakaundi enyika. Izvi zvinopa maonero akazara ekudyidzana pakati pehupfumi nemhoteredzo.

Kuenderera mberi kwekuedza kuri kuitwa kuvandudza kuunganidzwa kwedata uye ongororo yekusimudzira kushanda kweiyo natural capital accounting mukutungamirira zviito zvekuchengetedza.

The American Skunk Cabbage: An Invasive Species muIreland

The American skunk kabichi, nesainzi inozivikanwa seLysichiton americanus, asiri chizvarwa, zvisingaoneki zvisikwa iyo yaenda kuIreland. Kutanga kubva kumadokero kweNorth America, chirimwa ichi chave chikonzero chekunetsekana sezvo chichikwanisa kuumba matinji akakora uye asingapindike mu nzvimbo dzemvura. Zvimedu izvi zvinogona kusasanganisa zvimwe zvinomera, zvichikanganisa kudzikama kwezvipenyu zvemhoteredzo yenzvimbo ine mvura yepasi.

“Masikirwo eAmerican skunk cabbage anoparadza zvinhu zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana nzvimbo dzemvura muIreland. Hune bviro yokukunda ndokubvisa zvinomera zvako, zvichiita kuti mamwe marudzi arasikirwe nepekugara.”

kunyange zvazvo American skunk kabichi haichawanzosimwa sechirimwa chebindu, yakaunzwa nemaune kuWoodfield Bog muCo. Offaly mukati ma1930s. Kubva ipapo, kupararira kwayo kunofungidzirwa kuti kuri kuitika zvakasikwa, izvo zvinoreva kuti zvinogona kutora makore mazhinji kuti mhuka dzive dzakasimba munzvimbo itsva.

Iko Impact paWetland Sites

Wetland ecosystem inzvimbo dzakasiyana uye dzakakosha dzinotsigira mhando dzakasiyana dzezvirimwa nemhuka. Vanotamba mabasa akakosha mukusefa kwemvura, kudzivirira mafashamo, uye sequestration kabhoni. Zvisinei, kupindira kwe American skunk kabichi zvinounza njodzi huru kune kutetepa kwekuenzanisa kwezvipenyu izvi.

• Zvimedu zvakakora zveAmerican skunk cabbage zvinogona kukunda nekubvisa zvirimwa zvemuno, zvichideredza kuwanikwa kwechikafu nepekugara kune mamwe marudzi.
• Kutonga kwayo kunogona kushandura hydrology ye nzvimbo dzemvura, zvichiita kuti kuchinja kwemaitiro ekuyerera kwemvura uye kufambisa bhasikoro.
• Mishonga yemakemikari inoburitswa nechirimwa inogona kutadzisa kukura kwezvirimwa zvakavakidzana uye kukanganisa kusangana kwechisikigo mukati meiyo ecosystem.

Mufananidzo uyu unoratidza maruva eyero akasiyana eAmerican skunk cabbage, ayo anobvumira kuti zvive nyore kuzivikanwa mumunda.

Kutarisira iyo American Skunk Cabbage

Nzira dzekutonga dzinoshanda dzinodiwa kudzivirira kupararira uye kukanganisa kweAmerican skunk cabbage munzvimbo dzeIreland. Aya mazano anogona kusanganisira:

1. Kuonekwa kwekutanga uye kupindura nekukurumidza kune hutachiona hutsva kudzivirira kugadzwa kwezvipenyu munzvimbo itsva.
2. Kutarisisa nekutsvaga kuti unzwisise zvirinani maitiro echirimwa pamwe nekukanganisa kwazvinoita pazvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana.
3. Kudzora matanho akadai sekubvisa zvirimwa nemaoko, mishonga yemishonga yesora, kana zvipingamupinyi zvemuviri kudzikamisa kuwedzera kwembeu.
4. Kudzoreredzwa nekugadziridzwa kwenzvimbo dzakakanganisika dzematoro kukurudzira kudzoreredzwa kwenharaunda dzezvirimwa nemhuka.

Tafura: Pfupiso yeImpact uye Management yeAmerican Skunk Kabichi

Izvo zvakakosha kugadzirisa kuvepo uye kukanganisa kweAmerican skunk kabichi kuchengetedza kutendeseka kwenzvimbo dzemanyoro dzeIreland. Nekushandisa nzira dzekutonga dzinoshanda uye kusimudzira ruzivo pamusoro pemhando inoparadza yerudzi urwu, zvinokwanisika kudzikisira mhedzisiro yaro uye kuchengetedza kusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu izvi zvakakosha.

Zviratidzo Zvakanaka uye Ramangwana Maonero eKuchengetedza Kwakasiyana-siyana

Pasinei nezvinetso zvakakura zvinotarisana nekusiyana-siyana kwezvinhu zvipenyu zveIreland, pane zviratidzo zvinokurudzira izvozvo kurasikirwa kwezvisikwa inogona kuchinjwa. Zvakakosha kukwidziridza zviito zvekuchengetedza pasi uye kukurudzira kubatana pakati pevatambi vakasiyana kuti vazadzise chinangwa ichi.

Kuzvipira uye kuedza kwemasangano enharaunda, maNGO, uye zviremera zvemunzvimbo zvinoita basa rakakosha mukuchengetedza nekudzoreredza nzvimbo dzekugara nemhuka dzesango. Kuzvipira kwavo kunounza shanduko yakanaka uye kunobatsira kudzoreredza zvipenyu zveIreland.

Kushandira pamwe nevaridzi veminda chimwe chinhu chinokosha chekuedza kuchengetedza. Matanho anonangana nekushanda pamwe chete nevaridzi veminda aratidza kushanda, sezvo vaine chishuwo chekuchengetedza nharaunda nekuchengetedza kusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu.

Mapurojekiti ekuchengetedza uye nzizi dzemari dzinoisa pamberi pekushandira pamwe dzakaunza mhedzisiro yakakosha. Zvirongwa izvi zvinovimbisa kuti zviwanikwa zvinogoverwa nemazvo uye nemazvo, zvichiwedzera kunaka kwekusiyana kwezvipenyu.

Kudyidzana ndiyo kiyi ye kudzorera kurasikirwa kwezvisikwa uye kuchengetedza nhaka yakasarudzika yeIreland.

Maonero eramangwana ekuchengetedzwa kwemarudzi akasiyana-siyana muIreland ane vimbiso. Nekuenderera mberi nekuvaka pamusoro pe zviratidzo zvakanaka uye nekusimbisa kuedza kwekubatana, tinogona kufambira mberi zvakanyanya mukudzoreredza maitiro ekuderera uye kudzoreredza ecosystem yeIreland.

Community-Level Conservation Initiatives

Kuchengetedzwa kwenharaunda zvirongwa zvakabatsira mukuchengetedza nekudzoreredza zvipenyu muIreland yese. Zvirongwa izvi zvinounza pamwechete nharaunda dzenzvimbo, vanhu, uye masangano kuti vashande pamwe chete vakananga kuchinangwa chimwe - kuchengetedza nekusimudzira nharaunda.

Kuburikidza nemapurojekiti anotungamirwa nenharaunda, mishandirapamwe yekuzivisa, uye mikana yekuzvipira, nzanga dzinobatanidzwa nokushingaira mukuedza kuchengetedza. Iyi nzira yepasi inosimudzira pfungwa yemuridzi uye mutoro, kuve nechokwadi chekugara kwenguva refu kwezviito zvekuchengetedza.

Aya matanho enharaunda haangobatsiri chete kudzorera kurasikirwa kwezvisikwa asiwo kusimudzira hukama hwakasimba pakati penharaunda nenyika. Nekupa vanhu simba uye kukurudzira kubatana, tinogona kugadzira remangwana rakajeka rezvakasiyana-siyana zveIreland.

Kukosha kweZvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana zveKugarika uye Hupfumi

Biodiversity ine basa rakakosha mukuchengetedza kugadzikana kwemhoteredzo, asi kukosha kwayo kunopfuura ipapo. Izvo zvakakosha kune hutano hwevanhu uye hupfumi. Mhando dzakasiyana dze ecosystem services zvinopihwa ne biodiversity zvinopa zvakananga kune yedu kugara zvakanaka mupfungwa uye mumuviri.

Ecosystem masevhisi akadai semhepo yakachena, mvura, ivhu, uye miti zvine mhedzisiro yakakura pahutano hwedu hwese. Mhepo yakachena nemvura zvakakosha hutano hwekufema uye hydration, nepo ivhu rine hutano rinokurudzira zvirimwa zvine hutano uye hurongwa hwekudya hunoenderera. Miti, haingonakidzi zvakatipoteredza chete, asiwo inopa mumvuri, inonwisa carbon dioxide, uye inovandudza air quality.

Pamusoro pezvakanakira hutano hwevanhu, zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoshandawo sechinhu chakakosha recreational resource. Zviitwa zvechisikigo, zvakaita sekufamba mumakomo, kuona shiri, uye kutora mifananidzo yemhuka dzesango, zvinokurudzira kuita zvemuviri, zvinoderedza kushushikana, uye zvinosimudzira kugara zvakanaka kwepfungwa. Kunyudzwa munzvimbo dzechisikigo kwakaratidza kuve nemhedzisiro yakanaka pakutarisisa, kusika, uye mufaro wese.

"Kupedza nguva muzvisikwa kune simba guru pane yedu kugara zvakanaka mupfungwa uye mumuviri. Inotipa pfungwa yorugare norunyararo, ichitibatsira kuti tisava neupenyu hwakabatikana towana nyaradzo murunako rwechisiko.” – Dr. Emma Jones, Environmental Psychologist

Pamusoro pezvo, kusiyana-siyana kwezvinhu zvipenyu kunoita basa rakakosha mukutsigira hupfumi. Nature-based tourism inovimba zvakanyanya neakasarudzika nzvimbo, mhuka dzesango, uye zvechisikigo zvinokwezva izvo biodiversity inopa. Vashanyi vanokwezvwa kunzvimbo dzinopa mikana yekudyidzana nezvisikwa, zvichibatsira kuhupfumi hwenzvimbo kuburikidza nepekugara, yekudyira, uye yekutandara.

Kuziva kukosha kwehupfumi hwemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvipenyu kwakakosha mukusimudzira kuchengetedza kwayo uye kushandiswa kwakasimba. Kudyara mari mukuchengetedza kwakasiyana-siyana hakungochengetedzi zviwanikwa zvakakosha chete asiwo kutsigira maindasitiri anovimba nemabasa ecosystem. Nekuchengetedza nekudzoreredza nzvimbo dzekugara, tinoona kuvepo kwenguva refu kwesevhisi aya uye tinobatsira mukusimba uye kubudirira kwehupfumi hwedu.

Kukosha Kwehupfumi hweZvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana

Biodiversity chinhu chinokosha chinobatsira isu pachedu uye mune zveupfumi. Nekukoshesa nekuchengetedza nhaka yedu yechisikigo, tinogona kuve neramangwana rakagadzikana rinobatsira zvizvarwa zvazvino uye zvichauya.

Zvitsva Zvitsva:

• Zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana zveIreland zvinosanganisira mhando dzakasiyana dzemhuka nezvinomera.
• Wildlife conservation yakakosha pakuchengetedza nhaka yeIreland.
• Kuchengetedza dzinogara zvisikwa kwakakosha pakuchengetedza kusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu.
• Zvipenyu zviri mungozi zvinoda matanho ekutanga kudzivirira kutsakatika.
• Kuchengetedzwa kwemagariro kuedza kwakakosha mukuchengetedza kusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu muIreland.

mhedziso

Zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana zveIreland chinhu chakakosha uye chakasarudzika chinoda chiito chekukurumidza kuchengetedza nekuchengetedza mhuka dzayo nenzvimbo. Nekubatana kwenharaunda, maNGO, uye zviremera zvemuno, tinogona kushanda pamwe chete kuchengetedza nhaka yeIreland.

Kuchengetedza uye kudzoreredza nzvimbo dzekugara kwakakosha mukuona kurarama kwemarudzi akasiyana-siyana eIreland. Nekuchengetedza mhuka dziri mungozi yekutsakatika nenzvimbo dzadzo, tinokwanisa kudzoreredza maitiro ekuderera uye kugadzira ramangwana rakasimba rezvakapfuma uye zvakasiyana siyana zvipenyu.

Kuburikidza nekutevedzwa kwehurongwa hwekuita hwemarudzi akasiyana-siyana ezvipenyu uye kushandiswa kwemitemo yekudzorera zvisikwa, tine mukana wekuita zvakakosha. Nokuisa pokutanga kuchengetedza marudzi, kuchengetedzwa kwenzvimbo, uye kubatana, tinogona kuumba ramangwana rakajeka rezvakasiyana-siyana zveIreland uye tive nechokwadi chekurarama kwayo kwenguva refu.

Source Links

• https://biodiversityireland.ie/top10/10-species-at-risk-of-losing/
• https://biodiversityireland.ie/top10/10-most-unwanted-species/
• https://www.irishtimes.com/environment/2024/01/25/irish-biodiversity-loss-can-we-turn-the-tide/