France Green Kuvaka Nhoroondo
France ine nhoroondo yakapfuma ye kuvakwa kwakasimba miitiro uye eco-friendly architecture, kuita fambiro mberi huru mu chivakwa chakasvibirira unyanzvi nekufamba kwemakore. Nyika yanga iri pamberi mukusimudzira kukoshesa kwezvakatipoteredza kuvaka nzira uye akaita zvirongwa zvakasiyana-siyana nemitemo yekutsigira kubudirira kwakasimba.
Zvitsva Zvitsva:
- France yakamisa hurongwa hwakaita se "Le Grenelle de l'Environnement" kutsanangura patsva. mutemo wezvakatipoteredza, kuisa mari mukati clean energy nekusimudzira Renewable energy Zvitubu.
- Kuvaka mavara akadai THPE uye THPE EnR zvinomiririra zvivakwa zvinoshandisa simba uye zvinochengetedza zvakatipoteredza.
- The Haute Qualité Environnementale (HQE) chiyero chinotarisana nekugadzirisa zvinokanganisa kunze, kuderedza simba nemvura, kuderedza marara, uye kugadzira nharaunda dzinonakidza dzemukati.
- France's innovative approach to girinhi chivakwa chakakurudzira dzimwe nyika, nemirau yakafanana iri kutariswa mukati Singapowo, Hong Kong, Uye European Union.
Kutanga kweGreen Building muFrance
Kutanga kwekuvaka kwegirinhi muFrance kunogona kuteverwa kumashure kwekuedza kwekutanga kuisa pamberi kugadzirwa kwezvakatipoteredza, shandisa renewable zvekuvakisa, uye batanidza passive patani nzira nokuti kushanda nesimba. Sezvo nyika yakaziva kukosha of maitiro ekuvaka akasimba, vavaki nevavaki vakatanga kumbundirana eco-friendly akitekicha kuderedza kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza of zvivakwa. Aya matanho ekutanga akateya hwaro hweFrance inoyevedza nhoroondo yekuvaka yegirinhi.
Magadzirirwo ezvakatipoteredza yakava yakakosha kutariswa mukufamba kweFrance kuvaka kwegirinhi. Vagadziri vezvivakwa vakatanga kubatanidza misimboti senge solar orientation, kufefetedza kwechisikigo, uye optimization yemasikati mumagadzirirwo avo. Iyi nzira inowedzera kushanda kwesimba nekushandisa kupisa kwezuva uye mafambiro emhepo chaiwo, kuderedza kudiwa kwekudziya kwekugadzira, kutonhora, uye kuvhenekera. Mukuwedzera, kushandiswa kwe zvinovandudzwa zvekuvaka, zvakadai sehuni dzakachekwa uye zvinhu zvakashandiswa patsva, zvakawana mukurumbira mu indasitiri yekuvaka.
Passive kugadzira mazano vakaitawo basa rinokosha munhoroondo yekuvaka yegirini yeFrance. Aya marongero anosanganisira kugadzira zvivakwa zvinotora mukana wezvakasikwa kuti zvirambe zvakagadzikana mukati mhepo mvura nenzvimbo. Zvimiro zvakaita sekuvaka orientation, insulation, uye shading masisitimu anobatsira kudzora tembiricha uye kuderedza kudiwa kwemagetsi kupisa uye kutonhora. Nekuita izvi zvigadziriso zvekugadzira zvinhu, zvivakwa muFrance zvakawana zvakakosha kuchengetedza simba apo kupa zvinofadza uye kurarama kwakasimba Nzvimbo.
Kuzvipira ku kugadzirwa kwezvakatipoteredza, kushandiswa kwe zvinovandudzwa zvekuvaka, uye kubatanidzwa kwe passive design mazano vakagadzirira nzira yekubudirira kweFrance mundima yekuvaka kunoenderera mberi. Kuedza uku hakuna kungoderedza chete kabhoni tsoka zvezvivako asi zvakabatsirawo kugarikano yose uye kugarika kwevagari vemo. Nhoroondo yeFrance yekuvaka yakasvibirira inoramba ichikurudzira dzimwe nyika, sezvo dzichiziva kukosha kwekutora maitiro akafanana kune mamwe. remangwana rakasimba.
Zvirongwa zveHurumende uye Mabhii ekuvaka
Kuzvipira kweFrance pakuvaka girini kwakawedzera kusimbiswa kuburikidza nezvirongwa zvehurumende, zvakaita sekuunzwa kwemavara ekuvaka senge. THPE uye THPE EnR, uye kuisa pfungwa pa kuvandudzwa kwemaguta uye green building certification. Zvirongwa izvi zvakaita basa guru mukufambisa kutorwa kwe maitiro ekuvaka akasimba nekusimudzira eco-friendly architecture munyika yose.
The THPE (Très Haute Performance Energétique) label, inoturikira ku “Very High Energy Performance,” inoziva zvivakwa zvinotaridza kusimba kwesimba. Kuti uwane iyi label, zvivakwa zvinofanirwa kusangana nemaitiro akasimba ane chekuita nekushandiswa kwesimba, insulation, uye kushandiswa kwesimba rinogoneka. Izvi zvinokurudzira vagadziri vezvivakwa nenyanzvi dzekuvaka kuti vabatanidze maficha ekuchengetedza simba uye matekinoroji anogona kuvandudzwa mumagadzirirwo avo.
The THPE EnR (Très Haute Performance Energétique avec des Energies Renouvelables) label inotora danho rinowedzera nekubatanidza zvinodikanwa zvesimba rinogonekazve mumaitiro ekuita kwesimba rechivakwa. Chiratidzo ichi chinokurudzira kushandiswa kwesimba rinowanikwazve, senge dzinotenderera zuva ukomba kana kupisa kwegeothermal, kuwedzera kuderedza zvakatipoteredza kuchinja yechivako.
Pamusoro pekuvaka mavara, France yakatarisawo kutsigira kukura kwemaguta. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuumba nharaunda dzinochengetedza zvakatipoteredza dzinokoshesa nzvimbo dzakasvibirira, vanofamba netsoka kwezvivako, zvifambiso zvakanaka zvevoruzhinji, uye kushandiswa kwe inogoneka zvinhu in zvirongwa zvekuvaka.
| Building Labels | tsananguro |
|---|---|
| THPE | Inocherechedza zvivakwa zvine simba rakasiyana-siyana |
| THPE EnR | Inobatanidza zvinodikanwa zvesimba rinogoneka musimba rekuita maitiro |
Kuzvipira kweFrance kune inoenderera mberi kuvaka maitiro uye green building certification haina kungoshandura indasitiri yekuvaka yenyika chete asi yakakurudzirawo dzimwe nyika kutevedzera. Mitemo yakafanana uye zvirongwa zvave kutariswa munyika dzakadai Singapowo, Hong Kong, uye mukati me European Union, mukuedza kusimudzira budiriro inoenderera uye kurwisa kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze pamwero wepasi rose.
The Haute Qualité Environnementale (HQE) chiyero chakaita basa rakakosha mukutsanangura kuenderera kwekuvaka muFrance, achisimbisa kuvakwa kwesimba rinoshanda, kuderedzwa kwemarara, nekugadzira nzvimbo yemukati yakasununguka. Yakaunzwa mukupera kwema1990, iyi yakazara certification system yakashandura nzira yekugadzira zvivakwa nekuvaka, kusimudzira. miitiro yakadzikama uye kuve nechokwadi chepamusoro chekushanda kwezvakatipoteredza.
Iyo HQE chiyero inosanganisa nzira dzakasiyana dzekuongorora uye kuratidza kunaka kwenzvimbo yezvivakwa. Inobata akawanda maficha, kusanganisira simba rekuita, mvura kuchengetedza, kutambisa marara, indoor air quality, uye kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvinochengetedza zvakatipoteredza. Tiine tarisiro yekudzikisira kukanganisa kwechivako kwezvakatipoteredza, chiyero cheHQE chinokurudzira kutorwa kwesimba rinogonekazve, kuvharirwa kwakanaka, uye kubatanidza matekinoroji akasimba.
Imwe yemisimboti yakakosha yeHQE chiyero ndeye kuvakwa kwesimba rinoshanda. Muyero unokurudzira dhizaini uye kushanda zvematanho ekuchengetedza simba, sekudziya uye kutonhodza masisitimu, kuvharisa, uye kushandiswa kwesimba rinodzokororwa. Nekuisa pamberi kushanda kwesimba, zvivakwa zvakasimbiswa pasi peiyo HQE chiyero zvinoderedza zvakanyanya kabhoni tsoka uye zvinobatsira kune yeFrance. kuchengetedza zvinangwa.
Tafura: Zvikamu zvakakosha zveHaute Qualité Environnementale (HQE) Standard
| chokuratidza | tsananguro |
|---|---|
| Simba Kubudirira | Inosimudzira kushandiswa kwesimba-inoshanda matekinoroji uye renewable magetsi masosi kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba. |
| Kuchengetedzwa Kwemvura | Inokurudzira kushandiswa kwematanho ekuchengetedza mvura, akadai kuchera mvura yemvura uye zvigadziriso zvemvura zvakanaka. |
| Tupuka Management | Inosimudzira kudzikiswa kwemarara, kudzokorodza, uye maitiro ekurasa zvine hungwaru panguva yekuvaka nekushanda kwezvivakwa. |
| Indoor Mhepo Mhepo | Inotarisa pakugadzira nharaunda ine hutano uye yakagadzikana yemukati nekuderedza zvinosvibisa uye nekuona mhepo yakakwana. |
| Environmental Materials | Inokurudzira kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvinogara uye zvine hushamwari zvekuvakisa mukati mekuita basa rekuvaka. |
Kuunzwa kweiyo HQE chiyero kwakave nekukanganisa kukuru kuenderera kwekuvaka muFrance. Yakurudzira utsanzi mukugadzira dhizaini nekuvaka, zvichitungamira mukuvandudzwa kwe zvivako zvinoshandisa simba izvo zvinoisa pamberi pekugara zvakanaka uye kugara zvakanaka. Iyo chiyero chakashandawo sechipo chekutsvagisa nekusimudzira mukati eco-hushamwari zvinhu uye hunyanzvi hwekuvaka, huchienderera mberi nekusimudzira maitiro muindasitiri.
Kuzvipira kweFrance kune HQE chiyero kwakawana kutariswa uye kuzivikanwa pasi rese. Kubudirira kweHQE certification system kwakurudzira dzimwe nyika, senge Singapowo, Hong Kong, uye nhengo dze European Union, kuti titarise zvakafanana mirau uye mwero kusimudzira maitiro ekuvaka anoenderera. Nekugovera hunyanzvi hwayo uye ruzivo, France inoramba ichibatsira mukuedza kwepasirese mukugadzira kugadzikana uye kungwarira zvakatipoteredza inovakwa nharaunda.
Impact uye Kufemerwa
Kuedza kweFrance kwekupayona mukugadzirisa maitiro ekuvaka uye green building certification zvave nezvakakanganisa, zvichikurudzira dzimwe nyika dzakaita seSingapore, Hong Kong, neEuropean Union kutora mirau yakafanana. Kuzvipira kwenyika kusimudzira kuvakwa kwezvakatipoteredza maitiro uye kuvandudzwa kwemaguta yakagadza muenzaniso wepasi rose kushanda nesimba.
Mumwe muenzaniso unoshamisa wepesvedzero yeFrance unogona kuonekwa muSingapore, uko hurumende yakatanga zvirongwa zvakawanda zvokuvaka zvakasvibira. The Building and Construction Authority (BCA) yakatanga chirongwa cheGreen Mark, chinoyera zvivakwa zvichienderana nekuita kwavo kwezvakatipoteredza. Iyi certification system inokurudzira kushandiswa kwesimba-inoshanda matekinoroji, zvinhu zvinogoneka, uye misimboti ine hushamwari dhizaini, ichitora kurudziro kubva kuFrance mabhii ekuvaka akadai seTHPE uye THPE EnR.
MuHong Kong, hurumende yakaonawo kukosha kweiyo green building certification. Iyo Hong Kong Green Building Council (HKGBC) yakaunza BEAM Plus yekuongorora chishandiso, iyo inoongorora mashandiro ezvivakwa. Ichi chirongwa chine chinangwa chekudzikisa kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza mukuvandudzwa kwemaguta uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwevagari, vachitevera tsoka dzeFrance. Haute Qualité Environnementale (HQE) chiyero.
European Union's Sustainability Drive
Nhoroondo yeFrance yekuvaka yakasvibira haina kungopesvedzera nyika imwe neimwe asi yakafambisawo kuyedza kwekusimudzira padanho redunhu. European Union yakafemerwa nekubudirira kweFrance uye yakaita zvirongwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvekusimudzira maitiro ekuvaka anoenderera mberi munyika dzese dziri nhengo.
The European Commission yakaunza European Green Deal, chirongwa chakakwana chakanangana nekuita kuti Europe ive kondinendi yekutanga pasirese isina kwayakarerekera pamamiriro ekunze panosvika 2050. Chirongwa ichi chine chinangwa chakanangana nekushandura chikamu chekuvaka kuburikidza nekusimudzira zvivakwa zvinoshandisa simba, denderedzwa hupfumi nheyo, uye Sustainable infrastructure, kutora kurudziro kubva mukuzvipira kweFrance kune green building certification uye kuenderera kwekuvaka.
Kuzvipira kweFrance kumaitiro ekuvaka anoenderera kunoenderera mberi nekugadzirisa ramangwana rekuvaka girini pasi rose. Sezvo nyika zhinji dzichiziva kukosha kwekugadzira zvivakwa zvinochengetedza zvakatipoteredza uye zvinoshandisa simba, zvirongwa nemirau zveFrance zvinoshanda sepurani yakakosha yekuwana budiriro yemaguta uye remangwana rakasvibira kune vese.
| Zvinonyanya kukosha: |
|---|
| Nhoroondo yeFrance yekuvaka yakasvibirira yakakurudzira Singapore, Hong Kong, uye European Union kutora mitemo yakafanana. |
| Singapore yakaunza chirongwa cheGreen Mark, ichipesvedzerwa nemapepa ekuvaka eFrance uye kusimbisa kusimba kwesimba. |
| Hong Kong yaita iyo BEAM Plus yekuongorora chishandiso, ichikwevera kurudziro kubva kuFrance HQE standard. |
| European Union yakatanga European Green Deal, inoenderana nekuzvipira kweFrance kune inoenderera mberi maitiro ekuvaka. |
mhedziso
Nhoroondo yeFrance yekuvaka yakasvibirira inomira sechiratidzo chekuzvipira kwenyika kune inoenderera mberi maitiro ekuvaka, uye pesvedzero yaro inoramba ichikurudzira kuedza kwepasirese kune ramangwana rinokoshesa nharaunda.
Muna 2007, hurumende yeFrance yakatanga chirongwa che "Le Grenelle de l'Environnement", icho chine chinangwa chekutsanangudza mutemo wenyika. Urongwa uhwu hwakadayi hunosanganisira kurudziro sekudyara bhiriyoni imwe musimba rakachena, kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba ne1%, kusimudzira masosi emagetsi anogona kudzokororwa, uye kuita mitero yakasvibira. Matanho aya akateya hwaro hwekuvandudzwa kwe maitiro ekuvaka egirini muFrance.
Mavara ekuvaka akaita seTHPE (Yakanyanya High Energy Performance) uye THPE EnR (Yakanyanya High Energy Performance uye Renewable Energy) akaunzwa kuratidza zvimiro zvinoshandisa simba uye zvine hushamwari. Aya mavara akaita basa rakakosha mukufambisa kutorwa kwemaitiro ekuvaka anoenderera mberi munyika yose, achikurudzira kushandiswa kwesimba rinowanikwazve uye kudzikisira kabhoni.
Imwe yemipiro yakakosha yeFrance kune chivakwa chegirinhi kuvandudzwa kweHaute Qualité Environnementale (HQE) standard. Iyi chiyero yakazara inotarisana nekugadzirisa zvinokanganisa zvekunze, kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba nemvura, kuderedza tsvina, uye kugadzira nharaunda inofadza yemukati. Izvo zvakapesvedzera dhizaini nekuvakwa kwezvivakwa muFrance, kuve nechokwadi kuti hazvisi chete zvine hushamwari kwezvakatipoteredza asiwo zvinopa hutano uye hwakagadzika hwekugara uye nharaunda yekushanda kune vanogara.
Maitiro eFrance ekugadzira zvivakwa zvakasvibirira haana kungoshandura indasitiri yekuvaka yenyika asi zvakare akamutsa kufamba kwepasirese kune kusimudzira. Mitemo nehurongwa hwakafanana hwave kutariswa munyika dzakaita seSingapore, Hong Kong, neEuropean Union, avo vanotarisa kuFrance semuenzaniso wekuita maitiro akasimba muzvikamu zvavo zvekuvaka. Nekugovera ruzivo rwayo uye zvakaitika, France inoramba ichikurudzira uye kufambisa kuedza kwepasirese kuenda kune remangwana rakasvibira uye rakasimba.
FAQ
Ndeipi nhoroondo yechivakwa chegirinhi muFrance?
France yakafambira mberi zvakanyanya mukuvaka kwakasvibira uye maitiro ekuvaka akasimba. Muna 2007, hurumende yeFrance yakamisa chirongwa che “Le Grenelle de l’Environnement”, icho chine chinangwa chekutsanangudza mutemo wezvakatipoteredza weFrance. Zvinokurudzira zvaisanganisira kudyara 1 bhiriyoni musimba rakachena, kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba ne20%, kusimudzira masosi emagetsi anogona kudzokororwa, uye kuita mitero yakasvibira.
Ndeapi mavara ekuvaka akaunzwa muFrance kuratidza kushanda nesimba uye zvivakwa zvine hushamwari?
Mavara ekuvaka akadai seTHPE uye THPE EnR akaunzwa muFrance kuratidza masimba anoshanda uye ane hushamwari zvimiro.
Chii chinonzi Haute Qualité Environnementale (HQE) chiyero muFrance?
Iyo Haute Qualité Environnementale (HQE) yakajairwa muFrance inotarisana nekugadzirisa zvinokanganisa kunze, kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba nemvura, kuderedza tsvina, uye kugadzira nharaunda inofadza yemukati.
Nhoroondo yekuvaka yegirini yeFrance yakafuridzira sei dzimwe nyika?
Mafungiro eFrance ekuvakwa kwegirinhi anotarisirwa kukurudzira dzimwe nyika, nemirau yakafanana iri kutariswa muSingapore, Hong Kong, uye European Union.
