Papua New Guinea Zvipenyu: Mhuka uye Zvisikwa Zvisikwa uye Chii Chiri Kutyisidzirwa
Papua New Guinea, ine nzvimbo dzayo dzakasiyana uye ecosystems, musha waa fuma biodiversity yemarudzi emhuka nezvinomera. Zvisinei, izvi zvakasiyana-siyana zvipenyu iri panjodzi nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana se kuparadzwa kwenzvimbo, kunyanya kushandiswa, uye kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze. Muchikamu chino, tichaongorora zvinoshamisa zvipenyu zvePapua New Guinea uye kudiwa kwekukurumidzira kuchengetedza miedzo kuchengetedza mhuka idzi nenzvimbo dzadzo.
Zvitsva Zvitsva
- Papua New Guinea ine marudzi akasiyana-siyana emhuka nezvinomera, zvichiita kuti ive imwe yenzvimbo dzepasi pose dzine zvinhu zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana.
- Nyika yakapfuma zviwanikwa uye ecosystems ari munjodzi nekuda kwe kuparadzwa kwenzvimbo, kunyanya kushandiswa, uye kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze.
- Kuchengetedza kwekuedza zvakakosha kuchengetedza Papua New Guinea's zvakasiyana-siyana zvipenyu uye simbisa kubudirira kwakasimba kwezvizvarwa zvinotevera.
- The Kuchengetedza mhepo mvura nenzvimbo Protection Authority (CEPA) inoita basa rakakosha mu kuchengetedza zvipenyu uye akasimbisa mitemo yakakosha uye hurongwa hwehutungamiri.
- Matambudziko akadai mashoma mari, kubatana, uye zvipingamupinyi zvekugona zvinoda kugadziriswa kuti zvisimbise kuchengetedza zvipenyu muPapua New Guinea.
Mitemo Yakakosha uye Mafambiro Ekutonga Kwekuchengetedza Zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana
MuPapua New Guinea, the Conservation Environment Protection Authority (CEPA) inoita basa rinokosha mukuchengetedza kusiyana-siyana kwezvinhu zvipenyu munyika. Kuona manejimendi anobudirira nekuchengetedza, Papua New Guinea yakagadzira mitemo yakakosha uye zvimiro zvakaita seEnvironment Act 2000, iyo CEPA Act 2014, uye iyo PNG Nzvimbo Dzakachengetedzwa Policy (2014). Mitemo iyi inoshanda sehwaro hwekuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana uye utariri hwezviwanikwa.
Iyo PNG Yakachengetedzwa Nzvimbo Policy inotarisa pambiru shanu dzakakosha:
- Kutonga uye Kutungamira
- Sustainable Hupenyu ZveNharaunda
- zvinobudirira Biodiversity Management
- Kutarisira Iyo Yakachengetedzwa Nzvimbo Network
- Sustainable Financing Yenzvimbo Dzakachengetedzwa
Papua New Guinea yakamisa nzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa dze59 munyika yose, ichiratidza kuzvipira kwayo kuchengetedza zvipenyu. Mapurojekiti arikuenderera mberi akaita seCoral Triangle Initiative neAccess Benefit Sharing yeKushandisa Genetic Resources inowedzera kubatsira kuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana.
Pamusoro pezvo, Papua New Guinea iri kushanda nesimba mukuvandudza Bhiri reNzvimbo Yakadzivirirwa uye Iyo Dziviriro Yenzvimbo Yekudyara Chirongwa, iyo ichawedzera kusimbisa kwayo. maitiro ekutonga kuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana.
Biodiversity Conservation Policies uye Mabasa muPapua New Guinea
| Policy/Act | Mwaka Unogadzwa |
|---|---|
| Environment Act | 2000 |
| CEPA Act | 2014 |
| PNG Yakachengetedzwa Nzvimbo Policy | 2014 |
Kubudirira uye Zvakasara Zvinetso muBidiversity Conservation
Nepo Papua New Guinea yakawana zvimwe kubudirira mukuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana, pachine matambudziko makuru anoda kugadziriswa. The kushanda veNational Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP) vasangana nematambudziko nekuda kwekushomeka kwe interagency coordination, zvishoma mari, uye zvipingamupinyi zvekugona.
Interagency coordination kwakakosha pakuchengetedza zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana. Parizvino, pane kushaikwa kwekubatana uye kutaurirana pakati pemasangano ehurumende, zvichitadzisa kuzadzisa zvizere nzira dzekuchengetedza. Kuti ukunde dambudziko iri, kuedza kwakawedzera uye zviwanikwa zvinofanirwa kupihwa mukukurudzira interagency coordination uye kubatana.
Rimwe dambudziko rakakosha ndere mari shoma inowanikwa kune zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana kuedza kuchengetedza. Kusakwana kwerutsigiro rwemari kwakatadzisa kuitwa kwemabasa anokosha akadai sezvipenyu zvichiongororwa, kudzivirira pekugara, uye munharaunda kubatanidzwa. Kugadzira zvinogoneka mari nzira, munyika uye kuburikidza nekudyidzana nedzimwe nyika, zvakakosha kuti tive nechokwadi chekubudirira kwenguva refu kwekuchengetedza zvirongwa muPapua New Guinea.
The kutarisira nzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa inzvimbo inoda kutariswa zvakanyanya. Nzvimbo zhinji dzakachengetedzwa munyika hadzina kufambira mberi zvakanyanya maererano nekubudirira uye manejimendi. Pasina kutonga kwakakodzera, nzvimbo idzi dziri panjodzi yekuderedzwa uye kurasikirwa kwezvinhu zvipenyu. Kuvandudza kuchengetedzwa kwenzvimbo yekuchengetedza, sangano rakazvipira manejimendi kana sangano rinoda kuumbwa, rine zviwanikwa zvakakwana uye kwezvivako.
Kugadzirisa matambudziko aya uye kusimbisa kuchengetedza kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana muPapua New Guinea kunoda nzira yakasiyana-siyana. Mukuru interagency coordination inodiwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuitwa nemazvo kweNBSAP uye kumwe kuchengetedza zvirongwa. Uyezve, kuwedzera mari tsigiro inodiwa kugonesa manejimendi anobudirira enzvimbo dzakadzivirirwa uye kuitwa kwezvinogoneka maitiro ekuchengetedza.
Matanho uye Zvirongwa Zvebudiriro zveKuchengetedza Kwakasiyana-siyana
Several zvirongwa uye zvirongwa zvebudiriro pari zvino zviri kufambira mberi mukusimudzira kuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana muPapua New Guinea. Kuedza uku kwakanangana nekugadzirisa kutyisidzira kwakatarisana nemamiriro ekunze akasiyana enyika uye marudzi. United States Agency for International Development (USAID) iri kuita basa guru mukuedza uku, kupa mari nerutsigiro rwezvirongwa zvakasiyana-siyana.
USAID:
USAID ari kushanda nesimba kuderedza kutyisidzira zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana muPapua New Guinea. Kubudikidza zvipo yakapihwa kumasangano akaita seCentre for Environmental Environmental uye Community Rights Inc. (CELCOR) uye Outspan PNG Ltd., USAID iri kubatsira kusimudzira kusimudzirwa kwevanhukadzi mune zveupfumi nekusimbisa kodzero dzevaridzi veminda. Aya matanho akakosha pakuona kubudirira kwakasimba uye kuchengetedza munyika.
Pamusoro perutsigiro rwakapihwa neUSAID, iyo Sangano reUnited Nations Development Programme (UNDP) inodyidzana ne Conservation Environment Protection Authority (CEPA) pachirongwa cheGlobal Environment Facility (GEF). Ichi chirongwa chine chinangwa chekugadzira a Sustainable finance mechanism yenzvimbo yakachengetedzwa network muPapua New Guinea. Sechikamu chechirongwa ichi, homwe yeBiodiversity Trust Fund iri kutangwa kuti iwane mari yenguva refu yekuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana.
Uyezve, imwe purojekiti inozivikanwa iUSAID Lukautim Graun chirongwa. Chirongwa ichi chemakore mashanu, mamiriyoni makumi maviri nemaviri emadhora chakanangana nekuderedza kutyisidzira kwekusiyana-siyana kwezvinhu zvipenyu, kunyanya munyika dzechinyakare uye munzvimbo dzinowanikwa mhuka dzakasiyana-siyana. The Lukautim Graun chirongwa inoita basa rakakosha mukusimudzira ruzivo, kuvaka kugona, nekuita miitiro yakadzikama kuchengetedza Papua New Guinea nhaka yechisikigo kwezvizvarwa zvinotevera.
Papua New Guinea's Rich Biodiversity uye Ecological Features
Papua New Guinea inozivikanwa nokuda kwayo zvipenyu zvakapfuma, inotsigirwa nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvipenyu nemarudzi. Nyika inodada ine nzvimbo yechitatu yakakura kwazvo tropical rainforest pasi rose, inofukidza yakakura 28.2 miriyoni mahekita, iyo inoverengera 80% yemasango estate. Izvi zvinonaka tropical rainforest inopa nzvimbo yokugara kwemarudzi akawanda ezvinomera nemhuka, zvichiita kuti pave noupenyu hwakaoma kunzwisisa.
Hakusi chete kuti Papua New Guinea inozvikudza masango anonaya mvura, asi mahombekombe egungwa ayo anoratidzawo zvakasiyana-siyana zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvakatipoteredza. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuwedzera machakwi emanrove, madziva anoyevedza, akaorera matope, yakasimba matombo ekorari, uye zvitsuwa zvinokatyamadza. Idzi nzvimbo dzinogara mumhenderekedzo yegungwa dzinopa nzvimbo dzinochengeterwa mhuka dzakawanda dzomugungwa, zvichiita kuti pave nokusiyana-siyana kunoshamisa kwemvura yenyika.
Kutaura zvazviri, mvura dzePapua New Guinea dziri mukati meCoral Triangle yakakurumbira, uko kunowanikwa chikamu chepamusoro-soro chekusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu zvegungwa panyika. Iine marudzi anofungidzirwa 2,800 ehove chete, Coral Triangle inoratidza kuratidzwa kusingaenzaniswi kwe hupenyu hwemumakungwa, inokwezva vakasiyana-siyana uye masayendisiti kubva kumativi ose enyika.
Mamiriro ezvipenyu munyika yacho anofanirwawo kuremekedzwa zvakanyanya. Papua New Guinea imusha kune zvakawanda machakwi emanrove iyo inotora nzvimbo inosvika 51.6 miriyoni mahekita, ichiratidza mhando yepamusoro-soro yemangrove pasi rose. Idzi nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekugara hadzingopi zvikomborero zvakawanda zvezvakatipoteredza asiwo dzinotsigira mhando dzakasiyana dzezvirimwa nemhuka, dzichiita senzvimbo dzakakosha dzekuberekesa hove uye kudzivirira nzvimbo dzemahombekombe kubva mukukukurwa.
Pakupedzisira, Papua New Guinea hurongwa hwemvura yakachena kuita basa rakakosha mukuchengetedza nyika zvipenyu zvakapfuma. Kusabatwa na kusvibiswa, idzi dzinopisa hurongwa hwemvura yakachena azere nemarudzi akasiyana-siyana ezvipenyu zvemumvura, zvinosanganisira hove, amphibians, uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvisina vertebrae. Aya pristine ecosystems emvura yakachena ecosystems akakura kukosha, zvichibatsira kune yakazara ecological balance uye kupa zviwanikwa zvakakosha kune ese ari maviri Wildlife uye nzanga dzevanhu.
Papua New Guinea's Ecological Features
| Ecosystem | nharaunda | Unhu Hwakakosha |
|---|---|---|
| Tropical Rainforest | Mahekita mamirioni 28.2 | 80% yemasango estate, nzvimbo yekugara kwemarudzi asingaverengeki |
| Machakwi eMangrove | Mahekita mamirioni 51.6 | Mhando yepamusoro-soro yemangrove pasi rose, nzvimbo dzekuberekera hove |
| Nzvimbo dzemahombekombe | Kubhururuka | Machakwi eMangrove, nyanza, manyoro, matombo ekorari, uye atolls |
| Freshwater Systems | Kubhururuka | Masisitimu asina kusvibiswa emvura yakachena emunzvimbo dzinopisa anotsigira mhuka dzemumvura dzakasiyana |
Nekusiyana-siyana kwezvinhu zvipenyu zvakadai uye zvipenyu zvipenyu, Papua New Guinea inomira sepfuma yepasi rose, yakafanirwa nenhamburiko dzekuchengetedza kuchengetedza nhaka yayo yechisikigo kuzvizvarwa zvinotevera.
Kutyisidzira kuPapua New Guinea's Biodiversity
Pasinei nekusiyana-siyana kwayo kwezvipenyu, mhando dzakasiyana dzePapua New Guinea uye zvipenyu zviri kutarisana nekutyisidzira kwakawanda. Habitat kuparadza, kunyanya nekuda kwe matanda uye kuchenesa nokuda kwokurima, kwakaguma nokurasikirwa nokuparara kwemasango nedzimwe nzvimbo dzokugara. The kunyanya kushandiswa of zviwanikwa, kusanganisira mhuka dzesango nematanda, zvakakonzerawo kuderera kwemamwe marudzi nemhoteredzo yezvipenyu. Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze zvinounza mamwe matambudziko, nekukwira kwetembiricha, kuchinja kwemvura inonaya, uye zvimwe zvinokanganisa kusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu. Mabasa eindasitiri zvakabatana na kuchera, oiri negasi, masango, kurima, uye kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvakaita sematanda nemafuta emichindwe zvinowedzera kutyisidzira uku.
Zviitiko zveanthropogenic izvi zviri kukonzera kukuvadza kukuru kune zvipenyu zvePapua New Guinea. Kuparadzwa kwenzvimbo dzekugara, sekutema masango uye kushandura ivhu kuitira zvekurima, kuri kuparadza zvakakosha zvipenyu uye kubvisa nzvimbo. marudzi ekuzvarwa. kutema kunoparira kuparadzwa kwenzvimbo dzinogara pokugara, sezvo matura makuru esango anotemwa kuti acherwe matanda.
Kunyanya kushandiswa kwe zviwanikwa yakavewo neinokuvadza kuchinja on zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana muPapua New Guinea. Kuvhimwa kusingagoneki kwemhuka dzesango dzemusango nekutengesa zvisiri pamutemo zvipenyu zviri mungozi zvakakonzera kuderera kwevanhu uye kunyange kutsakatika. Saizvozvowo, matanda mabasa anonangidzira marudzi ematanda anokosha zvikuru asina miitiro yakakwana yokutarisira inopfuurira akaguma nokurashikirwa kwenzvimbo dzinogara masango dzinokosha.
Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze ndeimwe njodzi huru kune zvipenyu zvePapua New Guinea. Kukwira kwetembiricha uye kuchinja kwekunaya kwemvura kuri kukanganisa magariro ezvipenyu uye kuchinja kuparadzirwa nemaitiro emarudzi. Coral matombo vari kunyanya kushungurudzwa nemigumisiro yekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, nekukwira kwekushisa kwegungwa kunokonzera kuchena kwemakorari uye kuparara kwemarudzi akasiyana uye anokosha ekugara mugungwa.
Mabasa eindasitiri, kusanganisira kuchera, kucherwa kweoiri negasi, uye kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvakadai sematanda nemafuta emichindwe, kunowedzerawo kuparara kwezvisikwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvePapua New Guinea. Aya maindasitiri anowanzo shanda nemirairo isina kukwana yezvakatipoteredza uye maitiro, zvichikonzera kuparadzwa kwenzvimbo, kusvibiswa, uye kurasikirwa kwenzvimbo. ecosystem services.
Zvakakosha kugadzirisa kutyisidzira uku uye kuita miitiro yakadzikama kuchengetedza zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana uye zvisina kusimba zvePapua New Guinea. Kuedza kuchengetedza, kusanganisira kuumbwa kwenzvimbo dzakadzivirirwa, kuteedzerwa kwemaitiro ekuchengetedza zviwanikwa, uye kusimudzirwa kwedzimwe nzira dzekurarama nadzo. nharaunda dzemunharaunda, zvinokosha pakuchengetedza nhaka yenyika yezvizvarwa zvinotevera.
Agarwood uye Overexploitation muPapua New Guinea
Agarwood, inogadzirwa naAquilaria ane utachiona miti, muti wemoyo unonhuhwirira unokosha zvikuru uyo wakatarisana nekudzvinyirirwa muPapua New Guinea. Kudiwa kwe agarwood zvinodarika kure kunowanikwa, zvichikonzera kudzikira nekukurumidza kwemamwe marudzi eAquilaria. Ichi chinokosha chinoshandiswa chine tsika, mishonga, uye inonhuhwirira mashandisirwo, zvichiita kuti ive inonyanya kutsvakwa mu kutengeserana kwezvinonhuwira.
Nehurombo, tsika dzekukohwa dzisina kusimba uye kutengeserana zvisiri pamutemo zvakaisa miti yeAquilaria panjodzi. Kushaya zvakakodzera zvichiongororwa uye kutarisira zviwanikwa kunowedzera dambudziko, sezvo miti yakatarwa inowanzotemwa pasina kutarisa kuvapo kwe agarwood. Aya maitiro anokuvadza ari kufambisa mhando yeAquilaria yakananga kumucheto kwekutsakatika.
Nhamburiko dzinofanira kuitwa kugadzirisa kutyisidzira kune Aquilaria marudzi uye chengetedza iyi miti inokosha kubva pakunyanya kushandiswa. Zvakakosha kuita tsika dzekukohwa dzakasimba uye kutevedzera mitemo yakasimba pa kutengeserana kwezvinonhuwira kuti tive nechokwadi chekurarama kwemarudzi aya. Mukuwedzera, zvakakwana zvichiongororwa uye kutarisira zviwanikwa zvakakosha pakuona miti yeAquilaria ine utachiona uye kudzivirira kutema kusingasaruri kwemiti ine utano.
Masangano ekuchengetedza, masangano ehurumende, uye nharaunda dzemunharaunda dzinofanira kushanda pamwe chete kuti dzizivise pamusoro pekukosha kwekuchengetedza agarwood uye kuchengetedzwa kweAquilaria. Nekutora danho rekukurumidza kuchengetedza miti yakakosha iyi, Papua New Guinea inogona kuchengetedza nhaka yayo uye kubatsira mukuedza kwepasirese. kuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana.
Nzira dzekutengeserana uye Kuedza Kuchengetedza kweAgarwood
Agarwood, chinhu chakakosha, inokohwewa muPapua New Guinea uye inotakurwa kuenda kumisika yepasirese kuburikidza neakasiyana siyana. migwagwa yekutengeserana. Nzira idzi dzinowanzobatanidza kushandiswa kwenzira dzetsoka nezvikepe zviduku kuti usvike kunzvimbo dzinodiwa. Imwe nzvimbo yakajairika yekutakura mikuru yehuni inotorwa kubva kuPapua New Guinea ndeye Singapowo.
Kugadzirisa kushandiswa zvakanyanya kweagarwood uye kuchengetedza mhuka nenzvimbo dzadzo, kuedza kuchengetedza kuri kuitwa. Zvirongwa izvi zvine chinangwa chekusimudzira miitiro yakadzikama mukukohwa agarwood uye kuona kuti inoitwa nenzira ine hutsinye uye yakarongeka.
Chimwe chezviitwa zvekuchengetedza uku kuongororwa kwekutengesa kweagarwood. Kuburikidza nekunyatsoongorora, zviremera zvinogona kuona chero maitiro asiri pamutemo kana nzira dzekukohwa dzisina kusimba. Nekutarisa kutengeserana, zvinogoneka kudzika mirau yekuchengetedza miti yeagarwood uye kukurudzira maitiro anogara aripo.
Chinangwa chese chekuedza uku kwekuchengetedza ndechekuwana kuenzana pakati pekukosha kwehupfumi hweagarwood uye kudiwa kwekuchengetedza tsime rayo: miti yeAquilaria. Kuburikidza nemaitiro akasimba uye kutarisa, zvinotarisirwa kuti indasitiri yeagarwood inogona kubudirira pasina kukuvadza nharaunda.
Kuitwa Kunonoka uye Kudzokororwa kweNational Biodiversity Strategy
Kuitwa kwePapua New Guinea's National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP) kwakasangana nematambudziko akasiyana, anosanganisira kufambira mberi zvishoma, mari shoma uye kugona, uye kushomeka kwe kubatana. Zvipingamupinyi izvi zvakanganisa kuchengetedzwa kwakanaka kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana munyika. Kugadzirisa nyaya idzi, kuedza kuri kuenderera mberi kuvandudza NBSAP, kuti ienderane ne Aichi Biodiversity Targets, uye set zvinangwa zvenyika kuitira kuchengetedza kusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu. Hurongwa hwakavandudzwa hwakanangana nekukunda mikaha nezvimhingamipinyi zvakaonekwa mukuitwa kwapfuura, kusimudzira zvikuru kubatana pakati pevatori vechikamu, kuvaka-kukwanisa, uye kuchengetedzwa kwemarudzi akasiyana-siyana.
Tsigira Mechanisme dzeBiodiversity Implementation
Kuti kusimudzire kushandiswa kwekuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana muPapua New Guinea, nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekutsigira dziripo. Nzira idzi dzinosanganisira mutemo, mari, kuvaka-kukwanisa, kurongeka, nekubatanidzwa kwe zvetsika varidzi venyika.
Mitemo Mutemo inoita basa rakakosha mukupa hwaro hwemutemo hwekutarisira kusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu. Mutemo weEnvironment Act neConservation Environment Protection Authority (CEPA) Act ndiwo midziyo yakakosha yemitemo muPapua New Guinea inotsigira kuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana. Zviito izvi zvinotaridza mabasa nemasimba emasangano ehurumende uye vanobatanidzwa vanobatanidzwa mukuchengetedza nekutarisira zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana.
Mariro: Rutsigiro rwemari rwakakosha pakuita zviito zvekuchengetedza zvinobudirira. Nhamburiko dziri kuitwa kuti hurumende nevekunze vawane mari yekutsigira zvirongwa zvekusiyana kwezvipenyu muPapua New Guinea. Mari yakakwana inoita kuti zvirongwa zvekuchengetedza zviitwe, kuvaka-kukwanisa mabasa, uye kuvandudzwa kwenzira dzekutsigira mari dzekuchengetedza zvisikwa zvakasiyana-siyana.
Kuvaka hunyanzvi: Zvirongwa zvekusimudzira hunyanzvi zvinovavarira kusimbaradza hunyanzvi neruzivo rwevashandi vari mumabasa ezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana. kudzidza zvirongwa uye maworkshops anoitwa kusimudzira kugona kwevanhu vanobatanidzwa mukuchengetedza zvisikwa zvakasiyana-siyana. Kuvandudzwa kwesimba kunovimbisa kuronga kwakanaka, kuita, uye kutariswa kwekuedza kuchengetedza.
Kufambisa: Kudyidzana kunobudirira pakati pemasangano ehurumende, masangano asiri ehurumende, uye nharaunda dzenharaunda kwakakosha pakubudirira kwekuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana. Kurongeka kunovimbisa kuti kuedza kugadziridzwa, zviwanikwa zvinoshandiswa nemazvo, uye kubatana kunosimudzirwa. Kukurukurirana nguva dzose uye kubatana pakati pevatori vechikamu kunofambisa kuchinjana kweruzivo, zviitiko, uye maitiro epamusoro mukutonga kwezvisikwa zvakasiyana-siyana.
Customary Landlanders: Tichifunga nezve basa rinokosha re varidzi veminda vetsika muPapua New Guinea, kubatanidzwa kwavo uye kufunga kwakaenzana mukuita sarudzo nekuedza kuchengetedza kwakakosha utungamiriri hwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana. Varidzi veminda yechivanhu kazhinji vane ruzivo rwechivanhu nemaitiro anobatsira mukuchengetedzwa nekuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana. Kuvapinza mukati zvirongwa zvekuchengetedza inova nechokwadi chekutora chikamu kwavo nesimba uye inobatsira kumisa manejimendi anobudirira eminda yechivanhu.
Kupfupisa, nzira dzekutsigira dze mutemo, mari, kuvaka-simba, kuwirirana, uye kubatanidzwa kwevaridzi veminda yetsika zvakakosha mukusimudzira kushandiswa kwekuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana muPapua New Guinea. Nzira idzi dzinopa tsigiro inodiwa yemutemo, yezvemari, uye yehunyanzvi yekutonga kwakanaka kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana uye inobatsira mukuchengetedzwa kwenguva refu kwenhaka yePapua New Guinea yakasarudzika.
mhedziso
Zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana zvePapua New Guinea chinhu chinokosha chakasikwa chiri kuda kuchengetedzwa uye kuchengetedzwa nokukurumidza. Nyika yakatora matanho akakosha nekuita marongero, kumisa nzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa, uye kugadzira zvirongwa zvekuchengetedza zvipenyu zvayo zvakasiyana uye zvipenyu. Zvisinei, matambudziko akadai semari shoma uye kurongeka zvichiripo.
Kuve nechokwadi chekupona kwenguva refu kwePapua New Guinea's akasiyana echisikigo nhaka, kubudirira kwakasimba matanho anofanira kukosheswa. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuwedzera kwerutsigiro rwehurumende, zvese maererano nemari uye kuvaka-simba, pamwe nekukurudzira kubatana kwenyika. Nokushanda pamwechete, tinogona kugadzira a remangwana rakasimba iyo inoenzanisa kusimukira kwehupfumi nekuchengetedzwa kwePapua New Guinea's akakosha biodiversity.
Kuedza kuchengetedza nekuchengetedza mhuka dzakapfuma dzinowanikwa muPapua New Guinea dzine zvikomborero zvakakura kune zvose zvakatipoteredza uye munharaunda. Kuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana kunosimudzira budiriro inogara iripo nokuchengetedza zviwanikwa zvinotsigira raramo, zvakadai sehove, kurima, uye kushanyira nharaunda. Izvo zvinobatsirawo kuchengetedza zvakakosha masevhisi ecosystem, sekuchenesa mvura uye kudzorwa kwemamiriro ekunze.
Mukupedzisa, kuchengetedzwa kwePapua New Guinea's biodiversity kwakakosha kune hupenyu hwakanaka yepasi nezvizvarwa zvaro zvichauya. Nekuedza kwakabatana uye kuzvipira kubudiriro inoenderera, tinogona kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kweiyi yakasarudzika pfuma yezvisikwa uye nemhando dzakawanda dzinoidaidza kumba.
FAQ
Kusiyana kwezvipenyu muPapua New Guinea kwakadini?
Papua New Guinea imusha kune mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemhuka nezvinomera, nekuda kwenzvimbo dzayo dzakasiyana-siyana uye zvipenyu.
Ndedzipi njodzi kune zvisikwa zvipenyu zvePapua New Guinea?
The zvakasiyana-siyana zvipenyu muPapua New Guinea iri kutyisidzirwa nekuparadzwa kwekugara, kushandiswa zvakanyanya, uye kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze, pamwe chete mabasa emaindasitiri sekutema miti uye kuchera.
Zvinhu zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinochengetedzwa sei muPapua New Guinea?
Iyo Conservation Environment Protection Authority (CEPA) ine basa rekuchengetedza nekuchengetedza zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana muPapua New Guinea. Nyika yakagadzira mitemo yakakosha uye marongero, anosanganisira Environment Act 2000 nePNG Protected Areas Policy, kubata nekuchengetedza zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana.
Matambudziko api anotarisana nawo mukuchengetedzwa kwemarudzi akasiyana-siyana muPapua New Guinea?
Zvinetso zvinosanganisira kushaikwa kwekudyidzana pakati pemasangano ehurumende, mari shoma, uye zvimhingamipinyi zvekugona. Panodiwawo munhu akazvipira kuchengetedzwa kwenzvimbo yekuchengetedza agency uye zvivakwa zvekutonga kwakanaka.
Ndezvipi zvirongwa zviripo zvekusimudzira kuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana muPapua New Guinea?
Matanho anosanganisira USAID Lukautim Graun chirongwa, iyo inotarisa kuderedza kutyisidzira kune zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana, pamwe chete nekudyidzana nemasangano akaita seCentre for Environmental Law and Community Rights Inc. uye Outspan PNG Ltd. UNDP iri kushandawo neCEPA pachirongwa cheGlobal Environment Facility.
Ndezvipi zvimiro zvezvakatipoteredza zvePapua New Guinea?
Papua New Guinea ine zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira nzvimbo yechitatu yakakura kwazvo yesango rinonaya mvura yakawanda pasi rose, machakwi akakura emanrove, uye zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana zvemugungwa muCoral Triangle.
Chii chinokonzerwa nekushandiswa zvakanyanya paagarwood muPapua New Guinea?
Agarwood, yakakosha inonhuhwirira heartwood, yakatarisana nekushandiswa zvakanyanya nekuda kwekudiwa kukuru. Miitiro yekukohwa isina kusimba uye kutengeserana zvisiri pamutemo kwaisa miti yeAquilaria, iyo inobereka agarwood, panjodzi.
Kutengeswa kwehuni dzeagarwood kunotariswa sei muPapua New Guinea?
Kuedza kuchengetedza chinangwa chekusimudzira maitiro akasimba uye kutarisa kutengeswa kweagarwood. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuona kukohwa kwakanaka uye kwakadzorwa, kuchengetedza mhuka nenzvimbo dzadzo.
Sei kuitwa kweNational Biodiversity Strategy kwakatarisana nematambudziko?
Zvinetso zvinosanganisira kufambira mberi zvishoma, kurongeka kushoma, uye mari uye zvimhingamipinyi zvekugona. Nhamburiko dziri kuitwa kuvandudza hurongwa uhu, kuti huenderane nezvinangwa zvepasi rose, uye kukurudzira kubatana kukuru.
Ndedzipi nzira dzekutsigira dziripo dzekuchengetedzwa kwemarudzi akasiyana-siyana muPapua New Guinea?
Mitemo yakaita seEnvironment Act neCEPA Act inopa hwaro hwemutemo. Rutsigiro rwemari, zvirongwa zvekuvaka kugona, uye interagency coordination zvakakosha pakuchengetedza kunoshanda. Kubatanidzwa kwevaridzi veminda vetsika kunorangarirwawo kunokosha.
Papua New Guinea ingachengetedza sei kusiyana-siyana kwayo kwezvipenyu?
Nekukoshesa kuchengetedza kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana, kushandisa matanho ekusimudzira, uye kuwana mari nekudyidzana nedzimwe nyika, Papua New Guinea inogona kuchengetedza zvisikwa zvayo zvakasiyana-siyana uye zvipenyu zvezvizvarwa zvinotevera.
