Vancouver Sustainable Building Materials Trends

Vancouver, mumwe guta pamberi pekuziva kwezvakatipoteredza, ari kutungamira mhosva mukati kuvakwa kwakasimba maitiro. Wemunharaunda kuvaka indasitiri iri kuita shanduko yakakosha, iine tarisiro patsva yekudzikisa kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza uye kugadzira nzvimbo dzekugara dzine hutano kune vagari¹. Maitiro akakosha anoumba ramangwana redzimba muVancouver anosanganisira kusimuka kwenet-zero simba dzimba, kuwedzera kwekushandiswa kweeco-hushamwari uye yemuno-inowanikwa. zvekuvakisa, kubatanidzwa kwe girinhi matenga uye masvingo ehupenyu, Uye kushanda yemvura yepamusoro kuchengetedza hurongwa¹. Aya maitiro matsva haangoenderane nechinangwa cheguta chekuve iro rakasvibira pasi rose, asi zvakare rinoenderana nekukura kuri kuda kwedzimba dzakasimba, dzinoshanda nesimba, uye dzinochengeta nharaunda pakati pevagari veVancouver.

• Vancouver inotungamira nzira mukati maitiro ekuvaka akasimba, inosundwa nekuziva kwezvakatipoteredza uye zvinangwa zvakasvibirira zveguta.
• Net-zero simba dzimba, zvinhu zvekuvaka zvinogara zviripo, matenga padenga namasvingo mapenyu, uye kuchengetedza mvura masisitimu ari kushandura mamiriro edzimba dzenzvimbo.
• Eco-hushamwari uye zvinhu zvinobva munharaunda, sesimbi yakadzokororwa, bamboo flooring, uye magirazi akadzokororwa nekongiri, zviri kuwedzera kushandiswa mukuvaka dzimba itsva.
• Inovandudza matekinoroji, sePassive House zviyero, smart home systems, uye renewable energy kubatanidzwa, vari kugamuchirwa kuti vawedzere kushanda nesimba uye kuchengetedza.
• Shanduko yeindasitiri yekuvaka yakananga kusimba iri kubatsira Vancouver kuzadzisa chiono chayo chekuve guta rakasvibira pasi rose.

Vancouver's chivakwa chakasvibirira indasitiri iri kubudirira, ichitarisisa nzira dzekuvaka dzinoshanda zvakanaka nemashandiro. Girinhi akitekicha, Sustainable Renovation, uye Dzimba Dzisina Simba dzave zviratidzo zvenzvimbo yekuvaka yeguta, inosundwa nezvinangwa zvekuda kwezvakatipoteredza uye kuzvipira kuderedza. kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze.

Zvivakwa ndiyo yechipiri pakukura sosi ye greenhouse gas emissions muMetro Vancouver, ichiburitsa matani anopfuura mamirioni mana pagore, ingangoita 25% yedunhu rose regore rinobuda.². Kuvaka ndeimwe yevashandirwi vakakura mudunhu nechikamu, uye zvivakwa ndiko uko vanhu vanopedza ingangoita 90% yenguva yavo.². Iyo yakasvibira yekuvaka maitiro muVancouver inosanganisira zvimiro zviri zero emissions, inoratidzira yakaderera- kana kabhoni-negative zvinhu, denderedzwa zvikamu, uye zvinoshingirira kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze.².

Guta rine chinangwa chekudzikisa kuburitswa kwegasi regreenhouse kubva muzvivakwa, izvo parizvino zvinosvika makumi maviri neshanu muzana ematunhu egore rose.². Zvinangwa zvekuvaka zvakatipoteredza zveVancouver zvinosanganisira kuwana zero emissions, kushandisa yakaderera- kana kabhoni-negative zvinhu, kugadzira nezvinhu zvakatenderedzwa uye maitiro, uye kuve nechokwadi chekusimba mukutarisana nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze.². Zvinangwa izvi zvakakanganisa zvakanyanya maitiro ekuvaka emunharaunda, kutyaira utsanzi muzvinhu, patani, uye tekinoroji.

Mamiriro ekuvaka egirinhi muVancouver akonzera zvivakwa zvinonyanya kushanda nesimba, zvine hutano, uye zvinodhura kushanda.². Kushandisa yakaderera-embodied kabhoni kana yakachengetwa uye yakashandiswa zvakare mukuvaka inogona kuderedza mutengo, kabhoni tsoka, uye kuwedzera maonero eruzhinji². Decarbonizing mechanicha masisitimu kuburikidza matekinoroji senge pombi dzekupisa uye kupisa kudzoreredza mafevha anogona kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba uye kubatsira kubudirira. zero carbon zvivakwa². Investments mune-saiti Renewable energy chizvarwa kana chengetedzo inosimudzira pa-saiti kusimba uye inogona kuchengetedza mashandiro ekuvaka panguva yenjodzi². Kunze-saiti yekugadzira maitiro, senge modular kuvaka, inogona kuwedzera kukurumidza kwekuvaka, mhando, uye system yekubatanidza².

"Zvinangwa zvekuvaka kwezvakatipoteredza zveVancouver zvinosanganisira kuwana zero emissions, kushandisa zvinhu zvakaderera- kana kabhoni-negative, kugadzira nezvinhu zvakatenderedzwa uye maitiro, uye kuve nechokwadi chekusimba mukutarisana nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze."

Nzvimbo yekuvaka yakagadzikana yeVancouver iri kushandurwa nekukwira kwemba-zero simba dzimba. Idzi dzimba dzekugara dzakagadzirirwa kugadzira simba rinogonekazve sezvavanodya gore rega, zvichiratidza shanduko yakakosha yakanangana. Carbon-Neutral Construction uye Dzimba Dzisina Simba³.

Pamwoyo wemba-net-zero simba dzimba hunyanzvi hwekuvaka, yepamusoro-yekuita zvinhu, uye zvakabatanidzwa zvisina musono. matsimba emagetsi anovandudzwa. Precision sealing, yepamusoro insulation, uye mafafitera nemadhoo asingashandisi simba anoshanda achiwirirana kuderedza kudiwa kwesimba³. Renewable matekinoroji akadai dzinotenderera zuva ukomba kana kuti geothermal systems inobva yabudisa simba rinodiwa, zvichiita kutenderera kwesimba rinozvitsigira³.

Zvakanakira net-zero simba dzimba dzakakura, kusanganisira kuderedzwa kwekushandisa mari, kuderera kuvimba fossil fuels, uye kuwedzera kwemitengo yezvivakwa nekuda kwekukwira kuri kudiwa kwe kurarama kwakasimba³. Uyezve, British Columbia's evolving magetsi mutengo uye mitemo yezvakatipoteredza ita kuti nyaya yemari yekuvaka-net-zero iwedzere kumanikidza³.

Kuwana rechokwadi net-zero simba, zvisinei, zvinoda kutarisisa kusingazungunuke kune zvakadzama uye kuzvipira kune yakakwirira-kuita maitiro ekuvaka.³. Hunyanzvi hunoita basa rakakosha, sezvinhu zvakaita sekuisa chisimbiso, kuvharisa, uye kusanganisa kusina musono kwemasisitimu emagetsi anogonekazve zvinokanganisa simba reimba.³.

Kuziva kukosha yeiyi nzira yakabatanidzwa, vavaki vemunharaunda vakaita seRDC Fine Homes vakaita net-zero simba rekuvaka chinhu chakakosha. Kutarisa kwavo pahunyanzvi hwepamusoro uye dhizaini yakabatanidzwa inovimbisa kuti zvese zvikamu zvemba zvinoshanda pamwechete kubva pakutanga, kusimudzira kugona kwesimba uye kuunza mhinduro dzakagadziriswa dzemamiriro ekunze akasiyana eBritish Columbia.³.

Sezvo Vancouver ichienderera mberi ichitungamira chaja yakananga Carbon-Neutral Construction uye Dzimba Dzisina Simba, net-zero simba dzimba dzakagadzirira kuita basa rinokosha mukuumba ramangwana rekugara kwakanaka muguta.⁴⁵.

Mukuda kweVancouver remangwana rakasvibira, kusarudzwa kwezvinhu zvinogoneka zvekuvaka kunoita basa rakakosha. Kubva pane simbi yakadzokororwa uye kongiri kusvika kune ino-inotorwa sarudzo, guta riri pamberi pekugadzira zvinhu eco-hushamwari kuvaka zvingaitwa⁶.

Zvishandiso zvekuvaka zvakashandiswa patsva, sesimbi nekongiri, zviri kuwedzera kusimba muVancouver indasitiri yekuvaka. Zvinhu izvi zvinoderedza kudiwa kwezviwanikwa zvitsva, zvakanyanya kudzikisa kabhoni tsoka yezvivakwa⁶. Kushandiswa kwesimbi yakadzokororwa uye kongiri hakungobatsiri chete mhepo mvura nenzvimbo asi zvakare inosimudzira kusimba uye kusimba kwezvivakwa, zvichiita kuti zvishongedzerwe zvirinani kushingirira kukanganiswa kwemamiriro ekunze.

Kukumbira zvinhu zvinobva munharaunda chimwe chinhu chakakosha chekuvaka kwakasimba muVancouver. Nekutsigira maindasitiri ematunhu, akadai seBritish Columbia's thriving mass timber sector, maitiro aya anobatsira denderedzwa hupfumi uye kukurudzira kusika mabasa munharaunda⁷. Uyezve, iyo yakaderedzwa yekufambisa emissions yakabatana ne zvinhu zvinobva munharaunda inowedzera kuwedzera magwaro ezvakatipoteredza emapurojekiti aya.

Kupfuura zvechinyakare zvekuvakisa, nzvimbo yekuvaka yeVancouver inoenderera mberi iri kupupurira kusimuka kwemaitiro eco-hushamwari dzimwe nzira. Bamboo flooring, semuenzaniso, inopa yakasimba uye inoyevedza mhinduro iyo inogona kudzokororwa uye biodegradable⁶. Zvimwe zvinhu zvitsva zvakaita segirazi rakadzokororwa uye kongiri ine simba shoma zviri kuwedzera mukurumbira, zvichiratidza kuzvipira kweguta kusunda miganhu ye dhizaini inogadzikana.

Izvi zvivakwa zvekuvaka zvinogara zvichibatsira nharaunda chete asiwo zvinobatsira mukusimba kwenguva refu uye aesthetics yezvivakwa zveVancouver. Nekuisa pamberi zvakadzokororwa, zvemuno-zvakawanikwa, uye zvitsva eco-inoshamwaridzika sarudzo, guta riri kutungamira mukugadzira inogoneka. inovakwa nharaunda⁷.

“Zvivako zvekuvaka zvinogara zviripo zvakakosha mukuumba remangwana rakasvibira reVancouver. Nekumbundira sarudzo dzakadzokororwa, dzemuno, uye dzekuvandudza eco-hushamwari, hatisi kungoderedza kukanganisa kwedu kwezvakatipoteredza asiwo kugadzira zvivakwa zvakavakwa kuti zvigare. ”

– Jane Doe, Sustainable Building Consultant

Nzvimbo yemadhorobha yeVancouver iri kuita shanduko yakasvibira, nekubatanidzwa kweeco-hushamwari ekuvaka maficha ari kuwedzera kuwanda. Matenga egirini uye masvingo ehupenyu magadzirirwo maviri akadai akasimba ari kuwana mukurumbira muguta, achipa huwandu hwemabhenefiti kune zvese zvivakwa uye nharaunda yakatenderedza.⁸.

Izvi zvitsva zvegirinhi zvinhu hazvisi kungowedzera biodiversity uye kuderedza kuyerera kwemvura yemadutu, asi ivo vanobatsirawo kuvandudza air quality nokusveta zvinosvibisa uye kubudisa oxygen⁸. Denga regirini rinopa kuvharirwa kwechisikigo, kuchengetedza zvivakwa zvinotonhorera muzhizha uye kudziya muchando, nekudaro kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba uye mari⁸. Madziro ekugara, kune rumwe rutivi, anowedzera kubata kwerunako rwechisikigo kunzvimbo dzemaguta, kubatanidza muzvarirwo munzvimbo yakavakirwa nekuvandudza hupenyu hwese hwevagari⁹.

Inotungamira mujairo mushanduko iyi yegirinhi yekuvaka iArchitek, kambani yanga iri pamberi pezvivakwa zvekugara kubvira 2007.⁹. Architek inopa huwandu hwehunyanzvi, hunosanganisira dhizaini, kubvunzana, uye dzidzo, yegirinhi matenga, madziro ekugara, girinhi facades, uye saiti. manejimendi manejimendi zvingaitwa⁹. Iyo kambani modular girinhi padenga masisitimu, anozivikanwa seECO SEDUM TRAYS, anonyanya kukodzera kuti uzviitire varidzi vemba uye mapurojekiti madiki, achigadzirisa kudiwa kuri kukura kwezvinogadziriswa uye mushandisi-ane hushamwari mhinduro.¹⁰.

Vertical gardens uye green facades zvave kuwedzera kuve nemukurumbira muVancouver, sezvo zvisingangonatsiridze mhepo uye kudzikamisa ruzha asiwo kuwedzera runako rwechisikigo uye hunhu kunzvimbo dzemaguta.⁹¹⁰. Architek inosimbisa nzira yakabatanidzwa yesaiti-mvura manejimendi, kusanganisa dhizaini, zvigadzirwa zvepamberi, kuisirwa, uye masevhisi ekugadzirisa mapurojekiti kugadzira akazara uye anoshanda ekuchengetedza mvura masisitimu.¹⁰.

Nekubatanidza zvisina musono matenga egirinhi, madziro ekugara, uye zvimwe zvakatsiga zvekuvaka, Vancouver iri kutungamira nzira mukugadzira dzimwe nzvimbo dzinogara, eco-hushamwari, uye dzinonakidza nzvimbo dzemudhorobha.⁸⁹¹⁰.

"Architek anozivikanwa semutungamiri wezvivakwa zvekugara muCanada, ane nyanzvi dzedenga dzakasvibira uye waranti yakazara padenga regirinhi."

Sustainability chinhu chakakosha muindasitiri yekuvaka yeVancouver, uye kuchengetedza mvura kunoita basa rakakosha mukuzadzisa zvinangwa zvedhorobha.¹¹. Architek Boka reMakambani, mutungamiri mu eco-hushamwari kuvaka, inodyidzana neRope + Cable Canada kugadzira zvigadziriso zvekuchengetedza mvura kuburikidza neyavo biophilic design zvivakwa, kusimbisa manejimendi manejimendi manejimendi sechinhu chakakosha chinotungamirwa neVancouver's Rain City Water Strategy¹¹.

Imwe mhinduro yakadai ndeye Eco Sedum Trays kubva kuArchitek, yakagadziridzwa mukubatana neEcovegetal. Izvi zvakafambira mberi kuchengetwa kwemvura masisitimu ane mizinga yehuchi uye yakavakirwa-mukati madhiraini, zvinobudirira kugadzirisa yakawandisa mvura pamatenga egirinhi¹¹. Mutengo wematenga egirinhi unogona kusiyanisa zvakanyanya zvichienderana neprojekiti-chaiyo dhizaini senge matenga edenga, chirimwa. howa kusarudzwa, zvinhu zvinoshandiswa panguva yekuisa, kuisirwa zvinhu zvekuwedzera senge masisitimu ekudiridza, uye mamiriro ekunze ekunze.¹¹.

Architek inosimbisawo magadzirirwo ekurodha uye kusarudzwa kwechirimwa kunoenderana nemamiriro ekunze, kuve nechokwadi chekugara kwenguva refu uye kugadzikana kwemagadheni akatwasuka kana madziro ekugara kune ese ari mukati uye kunze kwekushandisa munzvimbo dzakaita seVancouver.¹¹. Mafacade egirini akapihwa naArchitek anosimudzira nzvimbo yakasvibira munzvimbo dzemadhorobha, zvichibatsira kumhando yemhepo iri nani, kuderedza ruzha, uye kutaridzika kwekuona uku iri imwe nzira inodhura kune yechinyakare madziro egirinhi.¹¹.

Architek's inoenderera mberi yekutonga kwemvura kuedza kunotarisa pakuderedza mvura yemvura uye kuchengetedza mhinduro mukubatana nevagari. ouinjiniya vanodyidzana, vachibatsira kudzikisira mafashama uye kunetsa pamigero yeguta kuburikidza nekuchengetedza mvura inodzorwa uye kudhiraivha.¹¹. Denga regirini kubva kuArchitek rinobatsira mukutonhodza nzvimbo dzemudhorobha nekudzikisira kupisa kwechitsuwa mhedzisiro, ichipa kutonhora kwakapetwa kaviri kunoshanda paavhareji, uye kubatanidza mafotovoltaics ekuwedzera simba rekushandisa pamwe nekugona kuwana kunosvika 33%¹¹.

Guta reVancouver riri kutungamira nzira mukuvaka kwakasimba, zvinoda kuti zvivakwa zvitsva zvemanisipala zvivakwe kune LEED Goridhe zviyero, iyo yepamusoro mwero wechero maneja muNorth America.¹². Zvirongwa zvakati wandei zvemuenzaniso, zvakaita seSunset Community Center, Creekside Community Center, uye VanDusen Botanical Garden Visitors Center, zvinoratidza kuzvipira kweguta eco-hushamwari dhizaini uye kuchengetedza mvura¹².

Kubva pakusimudzira-kuita-simba kukwidziridzwa kusvika kune yekucheka-kumucheto kwekutonga kwemvura masisitimu, indasitiri yekuvaka yeVancouver iri kugadzira nzira yekuwedzera. remangwana rakasimba, achigadza muenzaniso wa maguta Around the World¹².

“Kuchengetedzwa zvakanaka kwemvura kwakakosha kune remangwana reguta redu.Kuburikidza nekushandisa nzira dzepamusoro dzekuchengetedza, hatisi kungoderedza kukanganiswa kwezvakatipoteredza asiwo kuona kuti tinogara kwenguva refu. kwezvivako. "

- Jane Doe, Sustainability Maneja paGuta reVancouver

Iyo Passive House chiyero iri kuwana yakakosha kudhirowa muVancouver, ichipa tarisiro pane-simba-rinoshanda uye rakagadzikana dhizaini yemba.¹³. Dzimba idzi dzakagadzirirwa kushandisa simba rinosvika 90% shoma pakudziisa nekutonhodza zvichienzaniswa nekugara kwechivanhu¹³. Akakosha maficha ekuvakwa kwePassive House anosanganisira superinsulation, mahamvuropu ekuvaka asina mhepo, uye kudzoreredza kupisa ventilation Zvirongwa.

Kugamuchirwa kweVancouver kwePassive House zviyero zvinoenderana zvakanyanya neguta rine chinangwa chekusimudzira zvinangwa.¹³. Kanzuru yakabvumidza mirau inoraira kudzikiswa mukuburitswa kwegasi regreenhouse, kurasikirwa nekupisa kwese, uye kushandiswa kwesimba rese kune zvivakwa zvitsva zvemhuri uye zvekutengesa.¹³. Ichi chimiro chekutonga, chakaitwa muna 2019, chinotarisirwa kufambisa kutorwa kweindasitiri kwakapararira, paine zvinotarisirwa 55% -70% yemvumo nyowani dzekuvaka muBritish Columbia inonamatira kuBC Energy Step Code mukupera kwa2019.¹³.

Muna Kubvumbi 2024, Zero Emission Standards yeguta ichatanga kushanda, ichida Passive House Classic, Premium, kana Plus certification, pamwe nePassive House EnerPHit chiyero chezvivakwa zviripo.¹⁴. Developers kutsvaga misiyano yenzvimbo inogona kunyorera kuenzana kune mamwe masisitimu anogamuchirwa, asi inofanirwa kuratidza kukodzera nevashandi veguta.¹⁴. Kutsigira shanduko iyi, guta rinopa zvinokurudzira zvinodarika madhora 50 miriyoni yekumisikidza pombi yekupisa, zvichikurudzira kutorwa kwesimba rekudziisa uye masisitimu emvura inopisa.¹³.

Kutangwa kweZero Emissions Building Exchange (ZEBx) muna 2018 kunoratidza zvakare kuzvipira kweVancouver mukuvaka dzimba dzinoshanda nesimba uye dzakasimba.¹³. Ichi chirongwa chine chinangwa chekuwedzera indasitiri kugona uye kufarira kuvaka zvivakwa zvinoburitsa zero, zvinoenderana neguta reZero Emissions Kuvaka Chirongwa.

Mumwe muenzaniso wakadaro ndeye OneSEED Passive House dhizaini prototype, iyo inobatanidza zvinhu zvakaita semadziro akavharirwa, matenga, uye pasi, mahwindo epamusoro-soro, zvigadziriso zvinoshandisa mvura nemidziyo yemagetsi, sisitimu yekuchengeta mvura inonaya, uye zvinhu zvekuvaka zvinogara zviripo.¹⁵. Iyo prototype yakagadzirirwa nePassive House certification mupfungwa, kunyangwe chitupa chekupedzisira chinogona kupihwa kana wapedza kuvaka.¹⁵. Pamusoro pezvo, iyo OneSEED dhizaini inopa sisitimu inokwidziridza senge greywater reuse, photovoltaics, geothermal, uye solar inopisa mvura kuti iwedzere kuenderera mberi.¹⁵.

Kugamuchirwa kwePassive House zviyero muVancouver humbowo hwekuzvipira kweguta kudzikisa kukanganiswa kwezvakatipoteredza kwevaridzi vemba uye kugadzira nzira yeramangwana rakagadzikana.¹³. Aya magadzirirwo esimba-anoshanda uye eco-conscious dhizaini haangobatsiri kuzvinangwa zvemamiriro ekunze eguta chete asiwo anopa kuchengetedza kwesimba kwenguva refu kune varidzi vedzimba, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo inowedzera kukwezva. kugadziridzwa kwakasimba uye nyowani zvirongwa zvekuvaka.

Smart imba tekinoroji iri kushandura chivakwa chakasimba muVancouver. Magetsi ekutarisa masisitimu anobvumira varidzi vedzimba kuteedzera uye kukwidziridza mashandisiro esimba munguva chaiyo-nguva¹⁶¹⁷. Automated kudzora mamiriro ekunze mhinduro, senge smart thermostats, gadzirisa tembiricha zvichienderana nekugara uye nguva yezuva, kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba.¹⁶. Smart magetsi masisitimu anodzima mwenje paasingadiwi, kuchengetedza magetsi uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwemagirobhu¹⁶.

Aya matekinoroji anodzikisira mashandisirwo emagetsi zvakanyanya uye anobatsira pakurarama kwakasimba mudzimba dzemazuvano dzeVancouver. Muchokwadi, zvivakwa zvine hungwaru zvinogona kuderedza zvese kushanda uye simba mari ne25%¹⁶. Uyezve, zvivakwa zvakangwara zvine AI, ML, uye otomatiki matekinoroji anobatsira kukwirisa mashandisiro esimba¹⁶.

Magetsi ekutarisa masisitimu anobvumira varidzi vedzimba kuti vatarise mashandisiro esimba ravo munguva chaiyo, vachivapa simba rekuita sarudzo dzine ruzivo nezve mashandisiro avanoita simba. Ne 71% yevaridzi vedzimba vekuCanada vanofarira kubatanidza masisitimu ekutarisa simba mudzimba dzavo¹⁷, masisitimu aya ari kuramba achizivikanwa mudzimba dzeVancouver.

Smart thermostats uye mamwe otomatiki ekugadzirisa mamiriro ekunze ekugadzirisa otomatiki tembiricha zvichienderana nekugara uye nguva yezuva, kuve nechokwadi chekuti simba hariparadzwe kupisa kana kutonhodza makamuri asina chinhu. Ne 76% yevaridzi vedzimba vanobvumirana kuti smart imba tekinoroji yaizoita kuti zvive nyore kubata zvakanaka simba¹⁷, mhinduro idzi ishanduko yemutambo dzimba dzinoshandisa simba.

Smart lighting system, iyo inodzima mwenje kana isiri kushandiswa, inogona kuderedza zvakanyanya kushandiswa kwemagetsi uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwemagirobhu. Ne 63% yevaridzi vedzimba vanofarira kubatanidza smart switch mudzimba dzavo¹⁷, mwenje wakangwara wave kuita mukurumbira mudzimba dzeVancouver.

Pakazere, smart imba tekinoroji chinhu chakakosha che dzimba dzinoshandisa simba uye green architecture muVancouver. Nekubatanidza aya masisitimu epamberi, varidzi vedzimba vanogona kuderedza zvakanyanya kukanganisa kwavo kwezvakatipoteredza uye kunakidzwa nemabhenefiti emararamiro akasimba.

"Smart zvivakwa zvinogona kudzikisa zvese zviri zviviri mutengo wekushanda uye simba ne25%.¹⁶

Chikamu chezvivakwa cheVancouver chiri kuona kuwedzera kwekutorwa kwevakawanda kuvaka matanda. Iyi nzira yekuvandudza inoshandisa zvigadzirwa zvehuni semagadzirirwo ekutanga anotakura zvinhu, achipa inodzokororwa uye yakaderera-kabhoni imwe nzira kune yechinyakare zvinhu sesimbi nekongiri.¹⁸. Chivako chine nhurikidzwa sere cheCarbon 12 muPortland, Oregon ndicho chivakwa chakareba kwazvo chekutengesa muUnited States kuti chivakwe kubva pamatanda akawanda, nepo zvivakwa zvitsva zvematanda zviri kubuda muLondon, Atlanta, neMinneapolis, uye nzvimbo ine nhurikidzwa makumi masere. kusimuka kunorongerwa Chicago¹⁸. Pamusoro pezvo, zvimwe zvivakwa 21 zvematanda zvinodarika 50 metres (164 tsoka) kureba zvichapedzwa muEurope mukupera kwegore.¹⁸.

Kusimuka kwekuvakwa kwematanda akawanda kunopindirana nezvinangwa zveVancouver zve kuvandudzwa kwemaguta, kutsigira indasitiri yemasango emunharaunda uku ichideredza carbon footprint yezvivakwa¹⁹. Misa matanda ine mukana wekudzikisa mhepo inobuda mukuvaka ne25-45% zvichienzaniswa neyakajairwa zvivakwa zvekongiri.¹⁹, uye Guta reVancouver rinovavarira kudzikisira kabhoni mune zvekuvaka ne40% ne2030 kubva 2018 mazinga¹⁹. Kukurudzira kushandiswa kweichi eco-hushamwari zvinhu, guta rakaunza rezoning incentives inobvumira mamwe zvitoro muzvivakwa zvematanda akawanda.¹⁹.

Vancouver iri kumberi kwevakawanda matanda ekuvaka matanda, ichimbundira emuno-sourced zvinhu zve maitiro ekuvaka anoenderera¹⁹. BC ndiye mutungamiri wepasi rose mukugadzirwa kwematanda akawanda, zvichireva kusimba kwedunhu mune izvi zvekuvaka¹⁹. Mabhenefiti ematanda akawanda anowedzera kupfuura kuchengetedzwa kwenzvimbo, sezvo ichibatsirawo kukurumidza kuvakwa nguva uye kuvandudzwa kwekushanda kwemafuta muzvivakwa²⁰. Kuvakwa kwematanda akawanda kunobvumira kuvakwa kwegomba rekuvaka 120-by-60-foot rakange rakafanogadzirwa uye rakamisikidzwa zvizere panzvimbo mukati mevhiki, nhanho inokurumidza kukurumidza kuendesa chirongwa zvichienzaniswa nekongiri.²⁰. Panguva yekuvaka, matanda akawanda anogonesa kuvakwa kwenyaya imwe pazuva, kuratidza kukurumidza kunomhanyisa nguva yeprojekiti.²⁰.

Nekudaro, kukwira kwekugadzirwa kwematanda akawanda kwakasimudza zvimwe zvinonetsa¹⁸. Vamiriri veOregon mapoka ezvakatipoteredza vakamutsa kusava nechokwadi nezve matanda akawanda seyakasvibira mamiriro ekunze mhinduro uye vakabvunza kusimba kwemaitiro ekutema matanda ane chekuita nematanda akawanda.¹⁸. The Nature Conservancy, iyo US Forest Service, mayunivhesiti, uye masangano ekutsvagisa ave kutangisa ongororo itsva yematanda akawanda kuti anzwisise zviri nani mamiriro ekunze.¹⁸.

Sezvo Vancouver ichiramba ichitungamira nzira mumaitiro ekuvaka akasimba, kubatanidzwa kwekuvaka matanda akawanda kwagadzirira kuita basa rakakosha mukusimudzira kweguta. Nerutsigiro rwemitemo yenzvimbo, kutorwa kwechinhu chitsva ichi kunotarisirwa kubatsira kune zvinangwa zveguta rezvakatipoteredza zvichisimudzirawo hupfumi hwenzvimbo kuburikidza nekugadzira mabasa.¹⁹.

"Kukwira kwekuvaka matanda akawanda kunopindirana nezvinangwa zveVancouver zvekuchengetedza kukura kwemaguta, kutsigira indasitiri yemasango emunharaunda uku ichideredza carbon footprint yezvivakwa."

Sezvo Vancouver inombundira Carbon-Neutral Construction uye Eco-Hushamwari Kuvaka, guta riri kutungamira mukutora eco-conscious kugadzira simende nzira dzekudzikisa kukanganiswa kwezvakatipoteredza kweindasitiri yekuvaka. Yakadzika-kabhoni kongiri mhinduro, senge iyo inoshandisa yekuwedzera simende zvinhu (SCMs) senge slag kana yakapwanyika girazi, iri kuwedzera kuwanda.²¹. Izvi zvitsva kwete chete kuderedza yakasanganiswa kabhoni zvezvirongwa zvekuvaka asiwo kuchengetedza kuvimbika kwechimiro chinodiwa pazvivakwa zvemazuva ano.

Kushandiswa kwemarara-based low-carbon fuels sedzimwe nzira dzefossil mafuta mukugadzira simende kunowedzera kubatsira kuderedza kubudiswa uye iyo yakazara kabhoni tsoka yezvivakwa zvekuvaka²¹. Nekugadzirisa dhizaini yezvivakwa kuti ive yakawanda-inoshanda nesimba, kusimudzira uye kugona kwedzimba mumaguta ari kukura nemadhorobha zvinogona kukanganiswa zvakanyanya.²¹. Pamusoro pezvo, kuiswa kwekongiri inogadzirisa mamiriro ekunze kunogona kurebesa hupenyu hunobatsira hwezvivakwa, kudzikisa zvese madhora uye kabhoni mutengo wekutsiva kana kugadziridza.²¹.

Yakaderera-kabhoni kongiri mhinduro, senge idzo dzinosanganisira maSCM, dziri kuwana hunyanzvi muindasitiri yekuvaka yeVancouver. Mimwe misanganiswa yezvigadzirwa zvesimende inogona kuderedza CO2 mukugadzira ne20-25% zvichienzaniswa neOrdinary Portland Cement (OPC), uku ichichengetedza kuita kwechigadzirwa.²¹. Yakasanganiswa simendi ye hydraulic inosvika 15% limestone nekuwanda inogona kugadzira inenge 10% yakaderera CO2, kuderedza kabhoni yakaiswa patani yesemende.²¹.

Iko kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvekuwedzera simenti (SCMs) mukugadzira kongiri idanho rakakosha rekudzikisa kabhoni tsoka yeindasitiri yekuvaka. MaSCM senge slag uye girazi rakapwanyika anogona kutsiva zvechinyakare simende, zvichikonzera kudzikisira kwakanyanya muakabhoni.²¹. Kugadzira zvivakwa uye nharaunda kuti dzimirire mamiriro ekunze akanyanya, semafashama, mhirizhonga, madutu, kana masaisai ekupisa, anopa imwe bhenefiti yekuderedza kuburitsa²¹.

Sezvo Vancouver inoenderera mberi nekuisa pamberi Carbon-Neutral Construction uye Eco-Hushamwari Kuvaka, kugamuchirwa kweidzi nzira dzekugadzira simende dzinoziva kuchaita basa rakakosha mukuumba nharaunda yakavakirwa yakasimba yenguva yemberi.²¹²².

"Kunatsiridza dhizaini yezvivakwa kuti ishande nesimba zvakanyanya kunogona kukanganisa budiriro uye kugona kwedzimba mumaguta ari kuwedzera."

Mukutsvaga maitiro ekuvaka anoenderera mberi, kutarisa kweVancouver pakugadzirisa Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) kwave chinhu chakakosha Green Architecture uye Dzimba Dzisina Simba²³. Guta racho Sustainable Infrastructure uye Buildings Policy inobvuma kukosha kwekuita-based maitiro ekusimudzira kuvaka uye kusimba kwezvivakwa, ine 15 Yekutanga Performance Zvinangwa zvinofukidza nzvimbo dzakadai seEnergy Efficiency, Materials, uye Ecological. utano²³.

Yepamberi pemhepo masisitimu, matekinoroji ekusefa kwemhepo, uye kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakaderera-VOC zvinoshanda pamwe chete kuvandudza kunaka kwemhepo mukati meizvi. eco-hushamwari zvimiro²³. Pamusoro pezvo, hunyanzvi hwekuvhenekesa masikati uye nzira dzekudzikisa ruzha zvinobatsira kugariro yakazara yevagari nekuwedzera mwenje wechisikigo uye nekuona kunyaradza kwekunzwa.²³.

Zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti green-building certification, senge LEED, BREEAM, WELL, uye Fitwel, inogona kutungamirira kumari yerendi inosvika 7% zvichienzaniswa nezvivakwa zvisina kupihwa.²⁴. Izvi zvinoratidza kukura kuri kudiwa kwenzvimbo dzine hutano uye dzakasimba dzemukati, izvo zvisingangogadziri nzvimbo dzekugara dzine hutano asiwo zvinowedzera kugadzirwa uye kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba muzvivakwa mhiri kweVancouver.²³.

Iconic nzvimbo dzakaita seThe Music Center muLos Angeles, Microsoft neCorning mahofisi makuru, uye Vancouver International Airport vese vakapinda muchirongwa cheUL Verified Healthy Building, vachiratidza kuzvipira mukusimudzira kunaka kwemukati menzvimbo.²⁴. Nyanzvi dzekuvaka dzinokurudzirwa kutora matanho anoshanda ekugadzirisa nyaya dzakaita se mold, mwando, zvinosvibisa mvura, uye mamiriro emukati mese kukwidziridza kugadzirwa uye kunyaradza mazinga kune vanogara.²⁴.

Nekuisa pamberi IEQ mumaitiro avo ekuvaka anogara aripo, Vancouver iri kugadzira hutano, hunobudirira, uye husina simba hwekugara uye nzvimbo dzekushanda dzinoenderana neguta rakazara zvinangwa zvenharaunda.²³.

Kuzvipira kweVancouver kune inoenderera kunoratidzwa mukukura kwekubatanidzwa kwe renewable energy solutions mumagadzirirwo ayo ekuvaka²⁵. Sezvo guta richiyedza kudzikisa kuvimba kwaro nemafuta efossil uye kuzadzisa zvinangwa zvaro zvekudzikisa kuburitsa gasi regreenhouse (GHG), simba rinogonekazve rave chinhu chakakosha mudzimba dzinoshanda nesimba uye. carbon-neutral kuvaka.

Simba reSolar riri kutungamira mukuchaja muVancouver's renewable energy kubatanidzwa. Solar-yakaiswa padenga mapaneru uye mataira edenga ezuva ari kuwedzera kuwanda mukuvaka nekugadziridza kutsva, zvichibvumira zvivakwa kugadzira magetsi azvo akachena.²⁵. Iyi pa-saiti inovandudzwa kugadzirwa kwesimba haingodzikisi chete kudiwa kwegetsi-inopihwa magetsi asiwo inobatsira kuchinangwa cheguta che33% kuderedza carbon muzvivakwa panosvika 2020.

Kuzadzisa zvigadziriso zvesimba rezuva, masisitimu ekuchengetedza simba ari kubatanidzwawo mukugadzirwa kwekuvaka kwakasimba. Aya masisitimu anogonesa zvivakwa kuchengetedza simba rakawandisa rinogadzirwa mukati mezuva kuti rishandiswe panguva yekudiwa kwepamusoro kana kudzimwa kwemagetsi, kuwedzera kusimba uye kuzviriritira kwenzvimbo.²⁶. Nechinangwa cheVancouver chekuti zvivakwa zvese zvitsva zviwane zero mashandiro emhepo panosvika 2030, kubatanidzwa kwesimba rinodzokororwa uye zvigadziriso zvekuchengetedza kwakakosha kuti zvizadzise chinangwa ichi.

Kubatanidzwa kusina musono kweaya tekinoroji emagetsi anovandudzwa mudhizaini yekuvaka chiratidzo chekuzvipira kweVancouver kugadzira ramangwana rakagadzikana uye rinoshanda nesimba.²⁵²⁶. Sezvo guta richiramba richitungamira nzira mukuvaka kwakasimba, kubatanidzwa kwesimba rinodzokororwa pasina mubvunzo kuchaita basa rakakosha mukuumba simba renzvimbo yeVancouver yakavakirwa nharaunda.

"Kubatanidzwa kwehunyanzvi hwesimba rinogoneka patsva mukugadzira dhizaini chiratidzo chekuzvipira kweVancouver kugadzira ramangwana rakagadzikana uye rinoshanda nesimba."

Vancouver iri kumberi kwekutora asphalt yakagadzikana uye paving mhinduro kudzikisa kukanganiswa kwezvakatipoteredza kwezvivakwa zvemaguta. Recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) iri kuwana kusimba, nemakambani akaita seLakeside Industries anoshandisazve asphalt yekare uye kuderedza marara.²⁷. Lakeside Industries, yechizvarwa chechitatu, kambani ine mhuri, yave kuzivikanwa seimwe yeakanyanya kudzokorodza munzvimbo iyi uye inoshandisa nzvimbo dzekugadzira asphalt dzinodzokorodza zvinhu zvekare zvemumugwagwa kuita misanganiswa mitsva yeasphalt.²⁷.

Padivi pekushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakadzokororwa, guta riri kuongororawo mabhenefiti ekudziya-musanganiswa asphalt tekinoroji. Iyi nzira yekuvandudza inoderedza simba rinodiwa pakugadzirwa kweasphalt uye kushandiswa, kunobatsira Eco-Hushamwari Kuvaka miedzo²⁸. Blacktop paving's yakasarudzika kusimba uye kugona kumirisana nemamiriro ekunze sekunaya kwemvura zhinji, kushanduka kwetembiricha, uye kuratidzwa kweUV kunoita kuti ive sarudzo yakakodzera kumamiriro ekunze eVancouver.²⁸.

Aya maitiro akasimba ekugadzira akakosha kune zvibodzwa zveVancouver zvakazara, kuderedza kabhoni yekuvaka nekugadzirisa migwagwa uku uchikurudzira kushandiswa kwemigwagwa. Zvishandiso Zvekuvaka Zvakashandiswazve²⁹. LafargeHolcim, kambani inotungamira yekuvaka, yakapihwa basa rakakura rekuvandudza migwagwa muVancouver, iyo inoonekwa seimwe yemapurojekiti emigwagwa akasimba muCanada, ichishandisa akaunganidzwa akadzokororwa kudzivirira anopfuura mazana maviri emazana ematani emarara kuti arege kupera mumarara.²⁹.

1. Yepamusoro Mafambiro Ezvakatipoteredza eImba Itsva Inovaka muVancouver mu 2025: Kuvaka Ramangwana Rakasimba - Guthrie Residential Builders Inc. https://guthriegc.com/environmental-trends-vancouver-2025/
2. Green Building Design & Kuvaka | Vancouver Economic Commission - https://vancouvereconomic.com/vancouver-green-buildings/
3. Dzimba Zero muBritish Columbia | Dzimba Dzinoshanda Nesimba - https://rdcfinehomes.com/building-net-zero-in-bc/
4. Mutengo Wechokwadi Wekuvaka Imba YeNet-Zero MuVancouver - https://glenmarkhomes.com/cost-of-a-net-zero-home-in-vancouver/
5. Zero emissions kuvaka maturusi - https://vancouver.ca/green-vancouver/zero-emissions-buildings-tools.aspx
6. Sustainable Building Maitiro muVancouver, BC | Brighton College - https://brightoncollege.com/blog/sustainable-building-practices-in-vancouver-bc/
7. Sustainable architecture uye maitiro ekugadzira: Hutungamiri hweVancouver mukugadzira dhizaini yekuvaka - https://www.mmoser.com/offices/vancouver/ideas/sustainable-architecture-and-design-vancouver/
8. Green Building Materials yeVancouver Homes - https://www.nicons.ca/blog/top-green-building-materials-for-vancouver-homes
9. Kumba - Architek - https://architek.com/
10. Zvigadzirwa - Architek - https://architek.com/products/
11. Green Architecture: Inovandudza Mvura Yekuchengetedza Tekinoroji - https://architek.com/green-roof-eco-sedum-tray/
12. Green City zvivakwa - https://vancouver.ca/green-vancouver/green-city-facilities.aspx
13. Vancouver's Zero Emissions Zvivakwa: Inomhanyisa Passive House Uptake - https://passivehouseaccelerator.com/articles/vancouver-s-zero-emissions-buildings-accelerating-passive-house-uptake
14. Bulletin: Zvivakwa Zvikuru Zero Emission - https://guidelines.vancouver.ca/bulletins/bulletin-sustainability-zero-emissions-larger-buildings.pdf
15. Passive House - IMWE SEED Architecture + Interiors - https://oneseed.ca/passive-house/
16. Smart Zvivakwa: Iyo yakangwara sarudzo yekusimudzira mukuvaka kweCanada - The Environment Journal - https://environmentjournal.ca/smart-buildings-the-smart-choice-for-sustainability-in-canadian-construction/
17. Varidzi vedzimba vanogashira tekinoroji yekumba yakangwara kurwisa shanduko yemamiriro ekunze - Homebuilders Association Vancouver - https://havan.ca/canadian-homeowners-eager-to-embrace-smart-home-technology-in-fight-against-climate-change/
18. Sezvo Misa Timber Inosimuka, Yakasvibira Sei Ichi Chivakwa Chitsva Chekuvaka? - https://e360.yale.edu/features/as-mass-timber-takes-off-how-green-is-this-new-building-material
19. Vancouver inofambira mberi nzira dzekuvaka dzakasimba nekukurudzira kwematanda akawanda - https://vancouver.ca/news-calendar/mass-timber-incentives-feb-2024.aspx
20. Kusimuka kweMass Timber Kuvaka: Sei Engineered Wood Ari Kutsanangura Patsva Chivakwa Chazvino | Procore - https://www.procore.com/library/mass-timber-construction
21. KUVAKA KUNOTIRIRA - CONCRETEBC - https://concretebc.ca/sustainable-construction/
22. The Canada Green Buildings Strategy: Kushandura chikamu chezvivakwa zveCanada kune net-zero uye remangwana rakasimba - https://natural-resources.canada.ca/transparency/reporting-and-accountability/plans-and-performance-reports/departmental-strategies/the-canada-green-buildings-strategy-transforming-canadas-buildings-sector-for-net-zer/26065
23. Sustainable Infrastructure uye Zvivakwa Dhizaini Gwaro reMetro Vancouver - https://metrovancouver.org/services/air-quality-climate-action/Documents/sustainable-infrastructure-buildings-design-guide.pdf
24. Zvivakwa zvine Utano uye Dzinoenderera - https://www.ul.com/services/healthy-and-sustainable-buildings
25. Slide 1 - https://mwrd.org/sites/default/files/documents/seminar_series-03-25-2011Renewables-Based_District_Energy_Vancouver.pdf
26. Zero Emission Zvivakwa muVancouver & Toronto: Zvinodiwa, Nguva Yenguva - https://www.arbor.eco/blog/zero-emission-buildings-in-vancouver-and-toronto-requirements-timelines
27. Zvakatipoteredza – Lakeside Industries – https://lakesideindustries.com/environment/
28. Mabhenefiti eBlacktop Paving Vancouver Landscape - https://www.kingswaypavingbc.ca/benefits-of-blacktop-paving-vancouver/
29. Kondirakiti nyowani huru yemugwagwa muCanada - https://www.holcim.com/media/media-releases/canada-major-highway-contract