Venezuela Biodiversity: Mhuka uye Zvirimwa Zvisikwa uye Chii Chiri Kutyisidzirwa
Wanga uchiziva here kuti Venezuela iri kuzara biodiversity, ichizvikudza muunganidzwa unokatyamadza wezvinomera zvinopfuura 16,000 XNUMX zvinozivikanwa howa? Iyi nyika yeSouth America haingori musha kune maruva akasiyana-siyana anoshamisa asiwo mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzehove, shiri, mhuka dzinoyamwisa, amphibian, uye mhuka dzinokambaira. Kupfuma kweVenezuela ecosystems inoita kuti a biodiversity hotspot ine zvipenyu zvakasarudzika uye zvisingaperi zvisingawanikwe kumwe kwePasi. Zvisinei, izvi zvinoshamisa nhaka yechisikigo iri kutarisana netyisidziro dzakakomba dzinoda kutariswa nekukurumidza uye kuedza kuchengetedza.
- Ongorora zvinonakidza maruva nemhuka veVenezuela
- Zivai kukosha of kuchengetedza zvirongwa zvekudzivirira Venezuelan ecosystems
- Zivisa matambudziko akasiyana akatarisana nawo indigenous nharaunda uye iconic tepui ecosystems
- Nzwisisa iyo kuchinja yekuchera zvisiri pamutemo uye kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze pamusoro pezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana zveVenezuela
- Tsvaga kuti ungabatsira sei mukuchengetedza zvishamiso zvemusikirwo zveVenezuela
Zvitsva Zvitsva:
- Venezuela musha kune anopfuura 16,000 emarudzi ezvirimwa uye akasiyana siyana Wildlife.
- Kuchengetedza kwekuedza kwakakosha mukuchengetedza ecosystem yeVenezuela nemhando dzakasiyana.
- Migodhi isiri pamutemo uye kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze zvinopa njodzi huru kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvipenyu zveVenezuela.
- Nharaunda dzechivanhu dzinoita basa rakakosha mu kuchengetedza zvipenyu.
- Kuchengetedza nhaka yechisikigo yeVenezuela kwakakosha kuzvizvarwa zvinotevera.
Iyo Yakapfuma Chirimwa Hupenyu hweVenezuela
Venezuela inozivikanwa nehupenyu hwayo hwakakura uye hwakasiyana hwezvirimwa, ichizvikudza pamusoro pe16,000 yemhando dzemiti dzakarekodhwa. Izvi maruva nemhuka dzeVenezuela zvinosanganisira nzvimbo dzakawanda dzinopisa miti, makwenzi, nezvinomera zvinotumbuka zvinobudirira munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzemhoteredzo yenyika. Izvi zvinoshamisa zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvipenyu zvinobatsira kuhupfumi nekuoma kunzwisisa kwezvisikwa zveVenezuela mhepo mvura nenzvimbo.
Kuwanda kwemarudzi emiti muVenezuela kunopa zviwanikwa zvinokosha. Miti yeVenezuela inosanganisira zvinomera zvakakosha mune zvehupfumi zvakaita semiti yematanda, miriwo yemishonga, uye zvirimwa zvinotsigira kurima kwenyika. Pamusoro pezvo, Venezuela inozivikanwa nekugadzira kwayo michero yakasiyana-siyana nemiriwo, nekuda kwemamiriro ekunze akanaka uye ivhu rakaorera.
"Nzvimbo dzakasvibirira dzeVenezuela dzakazara nehupenyu hwezvirimwa hunoshamisa, hunoratidza kusiyana kunoshamisa kwebhotani munyika." – Dr. Maria Torres, nyanzvi yemiti
Iyo yakasarudzika maruva yeVenezuela haingotsigire raramo yemuno chete uye kusimudzira hupfumi asiwo inoita basa rakakosha mukuchengetedza mwero wezvipenyu. Hupenyu hwezvirimwa hunopa hugaro hwemhando dzemhuka dzisingaverengeki, dzinoita sechisikigo kabhoni kunyura, uye inobatsira kune yakazara utano uye kugadzikana kwezvakatipoteredza.
Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvirimwa muVenezuela:
- Miti yeTropical, kusanganisira mahogany, ebony, uye rosewood
- Makwenzi, akadai semaorchids uye bromeliads
- Miti yemaruva, kusanganisira ruva renyika reVenezuela, orchid Cattleya mossiae
- Zvirimwa zvakadai sechibage, mupunga, kofi, uye cocoo
Kuchengetedzwa uye kuchengetedzwa kwemaruva nemhuka zveVenezuela kwakakosha zvakanyanya kuchengetedza nhaka yenyika uye kuchengetedza kuvimbika kwezvipenyu zvayo. Kuburikidza nekuedza kunoenderera mberi kuchengetedza nekudzorera nzvimbo dzekugara, kurudzira kutsigira maitiro, uye kusimudzira ruzivo nezve kukosha yezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana, Venezuela inoyedza kuve nechokwadi chekurarama kwenguva refu kwehupenyu hwayo hwakapfuma hwechirimwa uye mabhenefiti asingaverengeki ainopa.
Mhuka Dzakasiyana-siyana dzeVenezuela
Venezuela ine mhuka dzesango dzakasiyana-siyana, dzinobva kuhove neshiri kusvika kumhuka dzinoyamwisa, mhuka dzinorarama panyika mumvura, uye zvinokambaira. Zvipenyu zvayo zvakasiyana-siyana zvine marudzi ehove anopfuura zviuru zviviri, marudzi eshiri 2,000, marudzi 1,300 emhuka dzinoyamwisa, 390 amphibian marudzi, uye 360 marudzi ezvinokambaira, zvichiita kuti Venezuela ive nzvimbo yekugara. muzvarirwo vanofarira uye vaongorori zvakafanana.
Izvi zvakasiyana-siyana zvemhuka dzesango zvinoita basa rakakosha pakuchengetedza kudzikama kwezvipenyu zveVenezuela. Kudyidzana pakati pezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana izvi kunobatsira kuhutano hwese uye kusimba kwezvakatipoteredza, kuve nechokwadi chekuenderera mberi kwekupa zviwanikwa.
Hupenyu Hwakapfuma Hwemvura
Imwe yezvakanakisa zve Venezuelan mhuka dzesango ndiko kuwanda kwayo kwemarudzi ehove. Kubva kuhove huru yeOrinoco kusvika kuhove dzengirozi dzine simba, nzizi dzenyika uye mvura yegungwa yakazara nehupenyu. Pamusoro pezvo, Rwizi rweOrinoco, rwumwe rwakareba kwazvo muSouth America, runogara kune dzakasiyana uye zvisikwa zvipenyu zvakavapo munzvimbo idzi dzemvura yakachena.
Avian Diversity
Mhuka dzeshiri dziri muVenezuela dzinoshamisa zvakaenzana, dzine marudzi akasiyana-siyana anogara munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana. Kubva kune mavara matsvuku ibis mu matope yeOrinoco Delta kugondo risinganzwisisike reHarpy mumasango anonaya mvura yakawanda, vatariri veshiri vanogona kuona kareidoscope yemapapiro uye rwiyo.
Magnificent Mammas
Mhuka dzemusango dzeVenezuela dzinosanganisirawo mhuka dzakasiyana-siyana dzinonakidza. Pakati pazvo, jaguar, ocelot, uye mhuka huru yemhuka inorayira kutarisa nemaitiro adzo akasiyana uye maitiro anonakidza. Zvinokosha kuti, nhongonya dzemiti dzine nyika inonakidza umo tsoko dzinosvetuka-svetuka pakati pemapazi nemasloth dzakanamatira padenga.
Inonakidza Amphibians uye Zvinokambaira
Zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana zveVenezuela zvinosvika kune mhuka dzayo dzinorarama panyika mumvura uye zvinokambaira, zvine marudzi akasiyana-siyana ematatya, madzvinyu, uye nyoka. Kubva kune chepfu ine mavara akajeka nemutsunda matatya anowanikwa mu Amazon inonaya mvura kune inokatyamadza anaconda inomonereka mumachakwi, vagari veReptilian neamphibians veVenezuela vanonakidzwa nekuchinja kwavo kwakasiyana.
Pakati penzvimbo dzakasvibirira nekugara kwakasiyana-siyana, mhuka dzomusango dzeVenezuela dzinokura, zvichiita kuti ive dura rezvinhu zvinoshamisa zvakasikwa. Nekudaro, iyo chiyero chisina kusimba chiri panjodzi nekuda kwekutyisidzirwa kwakasiyana kwezvakatipoteredza, sekutsanangurwa muChikamu 4.
Kutyisidzira kuVenezuelan Biodiversity
Pasinei nekuwanda kwayo kwakasiyana-siyana, zvipenyu zveVenezuela zvinotarisana nekutyisidzirwa kwakawanda kunoisa njodzi huru mukuchengetedza maruva nemhuka dzayo dzakasiyana. Kutyisidzirwa uku hakungoise mungozi marudzi akasiyana-siyana anowanikwa muVenezuela chete asiwo kukanganisa kudzikama kwezvipenyu uye kuisa mungozi nyika. biodiversity hotspots.
- Kuparadzwa kwemasango: Kuparadzwa kwemasango kwakawanda muVenezuela kunokonzera kuparadzwa kwenzvimbo dzinokosha dzekugara uye kurasikirwa kwemarudzi ezvinomera nemhuka. Kushandurwa kwemasango kuitira kurima, kutema matanda, uye kuwedzera kwemaguta ndizvo zvinonyanya kukonzera kuparadzwa kwemasango.
- Kugara Kwekugara: Kupindira kwakadzikama kwezviitwa zvevanhu, senge kuvandudzwa kwezvivakwa, migodhi, uye kurima, zvinoguma nokurasikirwa nokukamukana kwenzvimbo dzokugara. Kurasika kwekugara uku kunogona kudzinga mhuka dzesango, kukanganisa maitiro ezvakatipoteredza, uye kukonzeresa kudzikira kwemarudzi asina njodzi.
- Kuchinja Kwemamiriro ekunze: Kukanganisa kwekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze Venezuelan ecosystems yakadzama. Kukwira kwe tembiricha, kushandura mafambiro emvura, uye zviitiko zvekunze zvakanyanya zvinounza matambudziko makuru ekupona kwemarudzi uye kugadzikana kwezvipenyu. Kurasikirwa kwenzvimbo yekugara, kuchinjika mafambiro, uye shanduko mukugovaniswa kwezvirimwa nemhuka ndezvimwe zvemhedzisiro yekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze muVenezuela.
- Migodhi Isiri pamutemo: Kuchera zvicherwa zvisiri pamutemo muVenezuela, kunyanya muAmazon Rainforest nenzvimbo dziri kure, kune mhedzisiro inoparadza kune zvakasiyana-siyana. Zviitwa zvemigodhi, senge hydraulic mining uye kushandiswa kwemercury, zvinokonzeresa kuparadzwa kwenzvimbo, ivhu nemvura. kusvibiswa, uye kushatiswa kwezvipenyu.
- Kusvibiswa: Kusvibiswa kunobva mumabasa emaindasitiri nekurima kunosvibisa nzizi, ivhu, nemhepo, zvichikanganisa zvese zviri zviviri zvipenyu zvepanyika nemumvura. Zvinhu zvine chepfu mumhoteredzo zvinokanganisa utano uye kurarama kwezvipenyu uye zvinokanganisa dandemutande rakaomarara roupenyu.
"Kuramba kuchidzikiswa kwe Venezuelan ecosystems haingoise mungozi chete maruva nemhuka zvakasiyana-siyana zvenyika asiwo mabasa anokosha anopa zvinhu izvi zvipenyu, akadai sokukume, kuchenesa mvura, uye kugadzirisa mamiriro okunze.” – Dr. Maria Gonzalez, Environmental Scientist
Kuti uderedze kutyisidzira uku kune zvipenyu zveVenezuelan, zvakakosha kuisa pamberi pekuchengetedza ecosystem uye kuita. miitiro yakadzikama zvinokurudzira kugarisana kwebudiriro yevanhu uye kuchengetedza zvakatipoteredza.
| Zvinotyisa | Impact paBidiversity |
|---|---|
| Kutemwa kwemasango | Kurasikirwa kwekugara, kurasikirwa kwezvinhu zvipenyu, kukanganiswa kwezvipenyu |
| Kugara Kwekugara | Displacement kwezvipenyu, kuderera kwemarudzi ari panjodzi, ecosystem kuparadzana |
| Kuchinja Kwemamiriro ekunze | Kuchinja maitiro ekufambisa, kurasikirwa kwekugara, shanduko mu ecosystems dynamics |
| Kuchera Zvisiri pamutemo | Kuparadzwa kwenzvimbo yekugara, kusvibiswa, kushatiswa kwezvipenyu |
| Kusvibiswa | Kusvibiswa kwevhu, mvura, uye mhepo, zvinokanganisa hupenyu hwezvipenyu uye hutano |
Kukosha Kwekuedza Kuchengetedza muVenezuela
Ichiziva kukosha kwekuchengetedza zvipenyu zvayo zvakasiyana-siyana, Venezuela yaita mabasa akasiyana-siyana ekuchengetedza. Zvirongwa izvi zvinovavarira kuchengetedza hupfumi hwakasiyana-siyana uye runako rwechisikigo rwenyika tichiona nguva refu. kuchengetedza yezvipenyu zvayo.
Imwe yenzira dzakakosha dzekuchengetedza dzakagamuchirwa neVenezuela kugadzwa kwe nzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa. Nzvimbo idzi dzinoshanda senzvimbo tsvene zvipenyu zviri mungozi uye nzvimbo dzekugara dzakakosha dzakakoshera mukushanda kwezvipenyu. Nekudoma matunhu akasarudzika senzvimbo dzakadzivirirwa, Venezuela inotsvaga kuchengetedza maruva ayo akasiyana nemhuka kuti dzisanyanya kushatiswa uye kurasikirwa nekugara.
Pamusoro penzvimbo dzakadzivirirwa, Venezuela inosimudzira maitiro akasimba ekuderedza kukanganisa kwemabasa evanhu pane zvakatipoteredza. Izvi zvinosanganisira kusimudzira kushandiswa kwevhu zvine mutoro, kusimudzira eco-friendly tourism, uye kutsigira kurima kwakasimba uye tsika dzemasango. Nekukurudzira maitiro anoenderera mberi, Venezuela ine chinangwa chekuenzanisa pakati pekuzadzisa zvinodiwa nevagari vayo nekuchengetedza ayo akakosha ecosystem.
Zvirongwa zvekutsvagisa uye zvedzidzo zvinoitawo basa rakakosha mu Nhamburiko dzokuchengetedza dzeVenezuela. Nekudyara mari mukutsvagisa kwesainzi uye kutsigira zvirongwa zvedzidzo, Venezuela iri kukurudzira kunzwisisa kukuru uye kuonga kusiyanisa kwayo zvipenyu pakati pevagari vayo. Ruzivo urwu runopa vanhu simba rekuita sarudzo vane ruzivo uye nekushingaira kubatsira kune kuchengetedzwa kweVenezuelan ecosystems.
Masangano ekuchengetedza uye nharaunda dzemunharaunda vane chekuita nekukosha mukuedza kweVenezuela kuchengetedza zvipenyu zvayo. Kuburikidza nekushandira pamwe, vanoshanda pamwe chete kuita zvirongwa zvekuchengetedza, kuongorora huwandu hwemhuka dzesango, uye kudzoreredza nzvimbo dzekugara dzakaparadzwa. Izvi kuita pamwe chete inosimbisa kuzvipira kwevanhu veVenezuela kuchengetedza nhaka yavo yechisikigo uye kuchengetedza kuchengetedzwa kwayo kuzvizvarwa zvinotevera.
“Kuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zveVenezuela harisi basa chete asi chinhu chinodiwa. Zvinhu zvipenyu izvi zvinotipa mabasa anokosha akadai semvura yakachena, mhepo, uye zvokudya. Ndiwo masisitimu anotsigira hupenyu anotitsigira tose. "
Basa Revanhu Vemunharaunda
Nharaunda dzomunharaunda muVenezuela dziri pamberi mukuedza kuchengetedza. Vane hukama hwakadzika midzi kune nyika uye ruzivo rwechinyakare runotora zvizvarwa. Kupinda kwavo muzviitwa zvekuchengetedza kunovimbisa kuti zvirongwa izvi zvine chekuita netsika nemagariro, zvine chekuita nehupfumi, uye zvinobudirira mukuchengetedza nharaunda dzavanovimba nadzo mukurarama kwavo.
Zvakanakira Kuchengetedza
- Kuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana: Kuedza kuchengetedza muVenezuela kuchengetedza kusiyana kunoshamisa kwemarudzi ezvirimwa nemhuka, kudzivirira kurasikirwa kwavo uye kupa hutano hwese hwezvipenyu.
- Sustainable resource kushandiswa: Nekusimudzira maitiro anoenderera mberi, kuedza kuchengetedza kunobatsira kuchengetedza kuwanikwa kwezviwanikwa zvechizvarwa chazvino neichazouya.
- Ecosystem services: Conserved ecosystems inopa masevhisi akakosha senge kabhoni sequestration, kucheneswa kwemvura, uye mutemo wemamiriro ekunze, zvichibatsira vanhu nenharaunda.
- Mikana yehupfumi: Zvirongwa zvekuchengetedza gadzirawo mikana ye kushanya kwakasimba uye tsvagiridzo, kusimudzira hupfumi hwenzvimbo uku uchichengetedza nzvimbo dzakasikwa uye tsika nemagariro.
Nekukoshesa kuedza kuchengetedza, Venezuela iri kutora matanho ekuchengetedza nharaunda yayo inoshamisa uye kuchengetedza nhaka yayo yakasarudzika. Kuedza pamwe kwehurumende, masangano ekuchengetedza, uye nharaunda dzakakosha mukuona kugadzikana kwenguva refu kwezvipenyu izvi zvakakosha.
Biodiversity Hotspots muVenezuela
Venezuela inozivikanwa nekusiyana kwayo uye yakasarudzika ecosystems, zvichiita kuti ive kumusha kune akati wandei siyana zvipenyu hotspots. Aya mahotspots inzvimbo dzinozvirumbidza nehuwandu hwemarudzi arikutyisidzirwa uye anogara aripo, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakakosha pasi rose. Ngationgororei dzimwe nzvimbo dzinoshamisa dzinowanikwa muVenezuela.
Sango reAmazon
IAmazon Rainforest, rimwe remasango makuru uye ane zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana panyika, anosvika kuVenezuela. Iyi nharaunda yakasvibira uye ine simba iri kuzara noupenyu, ichichengeta marudzi akawanda ezvinomera nemhuka. Kubva pamajaguar nemaanaconda kusvika kuma toucans nemaorchids, Amazon Rainforest idura reupfumi hwezvakasiyana-siyana.
Iyo Orinoco River Delta
Orinoco River Delta inzvimbo inoshamisa yezvipenyu zvakasiyana siyana iri kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweVenezuela. Iyi yakasarudzika ecosystem inosanganisira mangrove, machakwi, uye madziva emvura yakachena, ichipa utiziro hwemarudzi asingaverengeki. Shiri, hove, zvinokambaira, uye mhuka dzinoyamwisa zvinokura munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana dzinopihwa neOrinoco River Delta.
The Andes Peaks
Makomo emakomo eAndean, anotambanudzira kumadokero kweVenezuela, haangori chiono chekuona asiwo musha kune zvinoshamisa zvakasiyana-siyana zvipenyu. Makomo aya ane mhando dzakawanda dzezvirimwa nemhuka dzakanyatsoenderana nemhoteredzo yakakwirira. Runako rwakanaka rweAndean Peaks runofananidzwa chete nekupfuma kwemaruva ayo nemhuka.
The Tabletop Mountains - Tepuis
Makomo epamusoro petafura, munharaunda inozivikanwa se tepuis, inotsanangura mamiriro eVenezuela. Aya akare, maumbirwo ega ega anogara akasiyana uye mamwe ecosystems ecosystem hapana kumwe kumwe paPasi. Iyo tepuis imusha kune dzakasiyana siyana dzezvirimwa zvipenyu, zvinosanganisira zvinodya nyama, pamwe nemhuka dzinoshamisa senge inoyevedza Mount Roraima frog.
“Nzvimbo dzeVenezuela dzine marudzi akasiyana-siyana ezvipenyu hadzingokosha chete pakuchengetedza marudzi akasiyana uye ari kutyisidzirwa asiwo nokuda kwezvipenyu. ecological balance yepasi redu. Tinofanira kukoshesa kuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu izvi zvakakosha kuti zvibatsire zvizvarwa zvazvino uye zvichauya. " – Environmentalist Quote
Kuchengetedza nekuchengetedza nzvimbo idzi dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvipenyu zvakakosha kuchengetedza maruva nemhuka dzinodaidza Venezuela kumusha. Kuedza kuchengetedza, kwemuno nepasirese, kunoita basa rakakosha mukuona kurarama kwenguva refu kweaya akasiyana ecosystem.
| Biodiversity Hotspots muVenezuela | nzvimbo | Zvinhu Zvikuru |
|---|---|---|
| Sango reAmazon | Kuwedzera kumaodzanyemba kweVenezuela | Mhando dzakapfuma dzezvirimwa nemhuka |
| Iyo Orinoco River Delta | Kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweVenezuela | Mangrove, machakwi, uye zvipenyu zvemvura yakachena |
| The Andes Peaks | Western Venezuela | Nzvimbo dzepamusoro-soro uye zvipenyu zvemarudzi |
| The Tabletop Mountains - Tepuis | MuVenezuela yese, kunyanya dunhu reGran Sabana | Unique ecosystems uye endemic marudzi |
Kuchengetedza nzvimbo dziri muVenezuela dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvipenyu hakungodziviriri chete mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvipenyu asi kunobatsirawo kuhutano nekusimba kwepasi. Senharaunda yepasi rose, ibasa redu kukoshesa nekuchengetedza pfuma iyi yakakosha.
Mhedzisiro yeMigodhi Isiri pamutemo paVenezuelan Biodiversity
Migodhi isiri pamutemo muVenezuela inoisa njodzi kumarudzi akasiyana-siyana enyika uye kuchengetedzwa kweVenezuelan ecosystems. Kunyanya kupararira muAmazon Rainforest nedzimwe nzvimbo dziri kure, basa iri risiri pamutemo rine migumisiro inoparadza kune zvakatipoteredza.
Zviitiko zvemigodhi zvakaita se hydraulic mining uye kushandiswa kwemercury zvine mhedzisiro inoparadza pakugara, nzizi, uye ecosystem. Nzira yekuchera hydraulic kunosanganisira kushandisa mvura ine simba guru kuchera zvicherwa kubva pamusoro penyika, zvichiita kuti ivhu rikukure, kutemwa kwemasango, uye kuchinjwa kwenzira dzemvura. Kushandiswa kwemekiyuri mumigodhi kunosvibisa nzizi uye kunofumura mhuka dzesango nenharaunda dzenzvimbo kune zvinokuvadza.
Kuchera zvicherwa zvisiri pamutemo hakusi kungokuvadza mhuka dzesango dzakasiyana-siyana dzeVenezuela chete asi zvakare kuisa mungozi nharaunda dzeko dzinovimba neaya ecosystem kuti vararame. Kuparadzwa kwenzvimbo dzinogara mhuka uye kusvibiswa kwenzizi kunovhiringidza kudzikama kwezvipenyu izvi, zvichiita kuti zvirimwa nemhuka zvirasikirwe.
Nharaunda dzezvizvarwa zveVenezuela, zvakadai semadzinza eYanomami nePemón, akanyanya kukanganiswa nemabasa ekuchera zvicherwa zvisiri pamutemo. Nharaunda idzi dzine hukama hwakadzama nenyika uye dzinovimba nezviwanikwa zvayo kuti dziwane chouviri. Kuparadzwa kwenyika dzemadzitateguru avo hakungotyisidzira mararamiro avo chete asiwo kunoparadza nhaka yavo yetsika.
Zvakakosha kugadzirisa nyaya ye kuchera zvisiri pamutemo muVenezuela uye tora matanho nekukasika kuchengetedza zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana munyika uye zvipenyu. Kudyidzana pakati pehurumende, masangano ekuchengetedza, uye nharaunda dzenharaunda kwakakosha mukuita mirau yakasimba, kuteedzera mitemo yezvakatipoteredza, uye kukurudzira miitiro yezvicherwa inoenderera.
Mhedzisiro yeMigodhi Isiri pamutemo paVenezuelan Biodiversity - A Snapshot
| Mhedzisiro yeMigodhi Isiri pamutemo | Migumisiro |
|---|---|
| Habitat Kuparadza | Kurasikirwa kwenzvimbo dzakakosha dzekugara kwezvirimwa nemhuka |
| Kusvibiswa | Kusvibiswa kwenzizi nehova, kukuvadza hupenyu hwemvura |
| Kurasika kweZvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana | Kuderedzwa kwenhamba yezvipenyu, zvichiisa mungozi nharaunda isina kusimba |
| Kutamiswa kweNharaunda dzeMarudzi | Kutyisidzirwa kumararamiro uye nhaka yetsika dzevanhu veko |
Basa reNharaunda dzeMarudzi Mukuchengetedza
Nharaunda dzezvizvarwa zveVenezuela kuita basa rinokosha mukuchengetedza nharaunda yenyika. Nharaunda idzi dzine ruzivo rwechinyakare nemaitiro anosimudzira manejimendi ezviwanikwa uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana. Nekukwevera pakubatana kwavo kwakadzama nenyika, nharaunda dzechivanhu dzinobatsira zvakanyanya kune kuchengetedzwa kweVenezuelan ecosystems, vachichengetedza kwete chete zviwanikwa asiwo nhaka yavo pachavo yetsika.
Tsika dzechivanhu vagara vachibudirira mukuwirirana nemasikirwo, vachishandisa nzira dzechinyakare kuchengetedza kuenzanisa pakati pezviitwa zvevanhu nemhoteredzo. Nzira dzavo dzekurima dzakasimba, dzakadai sekurima masango uye nzira dzekuchengetedza mbeu, dzinobatsira kuchengetedza kusiyana kwezvirimwa uye kuona hutano hwenguva refu hwezvipenyu zveVenezuela.
“Takatora ruzivo kubva kumadzitateguru edu maererano nemachengeterwo eminda nekusiyana-siyana kwayo. Ibasa redu kupfuudza hungwaru uhu kuzvizvarwa zvinotevera uye kuenderera mberi nebasa redu sevatariri vePasi. " - Taita Antonio, nhengo yePiaroa nharaunda
Kubatanidzwa kwenharaunda dzechivanhu mukuedza kuchengetedza kunodarika manejimendi ezviwanikwa. Idzi nharaunda dzinoshanda nesimba mukusikwa nekutonga kwenzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa, dzichishanda pamwe nemasangano ehurumende nemasangano ekuchengetedza. Nekubatanidza ruzivo rwechivanhu nerwemazuva ano maitiro ekuchengetedza, nharaunda dzechivanhu dzinobatsira mubudiriro uye kushanda yemaitiro anoshanda ekuchengetedza ecosystem yeVenezuelan.
Pamusoro pazvo, nharaunda dzechivanhu dzinoshanda sevatsigiri vekuchengetedzwa kweminda yadzo, dzichipa izwi nekusimudzira ruzivo pamusoro pekukosha kwekuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana. Kuburikidza nezviitiko zvetsika, Storytelling, uye zvirongwa zvinotungamirwa nenharaunda, vanobatana neruzhinji rwevanhu, vachidzidzisa nekukurudzira vamwe kukoshesa nekuchengetedza nhaka yechisikigo yeVenezuela.
Nekuziva nekuremekedza basa rakakosha renharaunda dzechivanhu mukuchengetedza, Venezuela inogona kukurudzira nzira inosanganisirwa uye yakazara kune. kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza. Nhamburiko dzinofanira kuitwa kusimbisa kudyidzana pakati pevanhu veko, masangano ehurumende, nemasangano ekuchengetedza, kuve nechokwadi chekuti ruzivo rwavo rwakakosha uye maonero akabatanidzwa mukuita sarudzo.
Pamwe chete, nekubatanidza huchenjeri hwechinyakare nehunyanzvi hwesainzi, Venezuela inokwanisa kuwana inoenderera uye inoshanda kuchengetedza maitiro ayo anobatsira kuchengetedzwa kweiyo yakasarudzika ecosystem uye hupenyu hwakanaka yenharaunda dzayo dzechivanhu.
Iyo Yakasarudzika Ecosystems yeVenezuela Tepuis
Makomo epamusoro petafura muVenezuela, anozivikanwa se tepuis, anogara kune akasiyana uye mamwe ecosystem. Aya matunhu ari ega ane maruva nemhuka akasiyana akashanduka ari ega uye haawanikwe kumwe kwePasi. Iyo tepuis, ine mawere marefu uye marefu, matafura-sepamusoro-soro, inogadzira microclimates inotsigira zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvipenyu.
Imwe yeinonyanya kuzivikanwa tepuis muVenezuela iMount Roraima, iyo yakafuridzira Sir Arthur Conan Doyle chinyorwa "Nyika Yakarasika." Musangano waro unoratidzwa nemaumbirwo anoshamisa ematombo, makomba akadzika, uye madziva akajeka. Miti iri paGomo reRoraima inosanganisira zvinodya nyama senge chirimwa chemugaba uye chirimwa chesunbeam, chinowana chikafu kubva kuzvipembenene.
“Kuzviparadzanisa nevamwe kwetepuis yeVenezuela kwakabvumira kushanduka kwemarudzi akasiyana-siyana emiti nemhuka izvo zvisipo kune imwe nzvimbo pasi pano. Zvinhu zvipenyu izvi zvinoratidza kuti upenyu hwakasiyana-siyana uye hunochinja-chinja.” – Dr. Maria Fernandez, Biodiversity Researcher
Iwo tepuis anowanzo kunzi "zvitsuwa zviri mudenga" nekuda kwekuzviparadzanisa uye akasiyana ecological maficha. Vakafanana nenyika iri munyika, musha wemaorchids asingawanzowaniki, mabromeliad, uye zvipembenene zvisingawaniki kune imwe nzvimbo pasi pano. Zvizhinji zvezvipenyu izvi zvakagadzirisa kurarama mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma e tepuis, zvakadai sekunaya kwemvura uye mhepo ine simba.
Nekudaro, iyo yakasarudzika ecosystem yeVenezuela tepuis yakatarisana nekutyisidzirwa kubva mukushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze uye zviitiko zvevanhu. Kukwira kwetembiricha nekushanduka kwekunaya kwemvura kunogona kukanganisa kudzikama kwezvipenyu izvi, ukuwo migodhi isiri pamutemo nekushanya zvichiunza njodzi dzekuparara kwenzvimbo uye kusvibiswa kwenzvimbo.
Endemic Zvisikwa zveVenezuela Tepuis
| Species | Basa muEcosystem | Kuchengetedza Mamiriro |
|---|---|---|
| Roraima datya remusango | Keystone marudzi, anobatsira kudzora huwandu hwezvipembenene | Kunetsekana |
| Scarlet macaw | Inomeresa maruva uye inoparadzira mbeu | Pedyo Nekutyisidzirwa |
| Tepui golden frog | Indicator mhando yemhando yemvura | Inopererwa panjodzi |
| Gomo reRoraima bromeliad | Unique pekugara kune diki invertebrates | Panjodzi |
| Tepui orchid | Chakakosha nekita kunobva mukume | Zvinotambudza |
Nhamburiko dziri kuenderera mberi kudzivirira nekuchengetedza aya akasiyana ecosystem. Hurumende yeVenezuela, masangano ekuchengetedza, uye nharaunda dzemunharaunda dziri kushanda pamwe chete kumisa nzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa, kusimudzira maitiro ekushanya, uye kuzivisa kukosha kwekuchengetedza kusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu zvetepuis.
Nekutora matanho ikozvino, tinogona kuve nechokwadi chekuti zvizvarwa zvinotevera zvinowana mukana wekuongorora uye kushamiswa nerunako rwedzimwe nyika rweVenezuela's tepuis nemhando dzinoshamisa dzinodzidaidza kumba.
Iko Kukurumidzira Kwekuchinja Kwemamiriro ekunze uye Mhedzisiro yayo paVenezuelan Biodiversity
Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze kunoisa njodzi kune hupfumi hwakasiyana-siyana hweVenezuela, kunyanya kumarudzi anogara munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzetepuis. Sezvo tembiricha iri kuramba ichikwira, zvipenyu izvi zvinotarisana nedambudziko rakakura - hapana kwakakwirira kwekuenda, uye nzvimbo dzadzo dziri panjodzi yekutsakatika.
Mamiriro ekunze ekudziya anowedzerawo kusabatika kwehuwandu hweamphibians, iyo yatove munjodzi yekutsakatika. Amphibians anonzwisisa zvakanyanya kushanduka kwezvakatipoteredza, uye kuchinja kwekushisa uye kunaya kwemvura kunogona kukanganisa kubereka kwavo uye kurarama. Kurasika kwemhando dzeamphibian hakungokanganisa zvakananga kusiyana kwezvipenyu zveVenezuelan asiwo kunoratidza kusaenzana kwezvakatipoteredza.
“Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze harisi remangwana riri kure; zviri kuitika zvino. Kukanganisa kwacho kuri kutoonekwa, uye kuri kukanganisa pasi rose,” anodaro Dr. Maria Gonzalez, nyanzvi yezvemamiriro okunze.
Chiito chechimbichimbi chinodiwa kudzikamisa mhedzisiro yekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze uye kuchengetedza yakasarudzika zvipenyu zveVenezuela. Kuchengetedzwa kweVenezuelan ecosystems kunoda nzira ine mativi mazhinji, kusanganisira:
- Kuderedza greenhouse gas emissions: Kuita matanho eku kuderedza carbon emissions uye kumisa kufambira mberi kwekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze.
- Kuchengetedza dzinogara zvisikwa: Kuchengetedza uye kudzorera nzvimbo dzinogara dzakaoma, dzakadai setepuis, kupa hutiziro kumarudzi ari mungozi.
- Kuchinjira kumamiriro ekuchinja: Kugadzira marongero ekubatsira zvipenyu uye zvipenyu zvienderane nekukanganisa kusingadzivisike kwekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze.
- Kutsigira tsvakurudzo nekutarisa: Kuisa mari mukutsvagisa kwesainzi uye yekutarisa kuedza kuti unzwisise zvirinani maitiro ekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze pane zvipenyu zveVenezuelan uye kukudziridza zvakanangwa. nzira dzekuchengetedza.
Kugadzirisa kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze uye kuchengetedza kusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu zveVenezuela kunoda kushanda nesimba kubva kuhurumende, masangano ekuchengetedza, nharaunda, uye vanhu. Pamwe chete, tinogona kuita mutsauko uye kuona a remangwana rakasimba nokuda kwenhaka inokosha yechisikigo yeVenezuela.
| Kuchinja kweMamiriro ekunze Kukanganisa kwazvinoita paVenezuelan Biodiversity | Kuchengetedza Nzira |
|---|---|
| Kurasika kwekugara nekuda kwekukwira kwetembiricha uye kuchinjwa kwemaitiro ekunaya kwemvura | Chengetedza uye dzorera nzvimbo dzakakosha dzekugara |
| Kuwedzera kusagadzikana kweamphibians mukutsakatika | Tsigira kupfuya nekutarisa zvirongwa zveamphibians |
| Kuvhiringidzwa kwekushanda kwe ecosystem uye kurasikirwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana | Ita matanho ekudzikisa kuburitswa kwegasi regreenhouse |
Image:
mhedziso
Zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana zveVenezuela chinhu chinokosha chinofanira kuchengetedzwa. Kuchengetedzwa kweVenezuelan ecosystems kwakakosha kune ramangwana renyika nepasi. Zvakakosha kuita chiito nekukasika kuchengetedza nekudzorera nzvimbo dzekugara, kusimudzira maitiro anoenderera mberi, uye kuzivisa kukosha kwekusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu.
Kuti izvi zviitike, zvakakosha kuti masangano anoona nezvekuchengetedzwa kwenharaunda, nharaunda dzenharaunda, uye hurumende vashande pamwe chete. Kushanda pamwe chete kunovimbisa kuchengetedzwa kwenguva refu kwezvipenyu zveVenezuela uye maruva nemhuka zvakasarudzika zvinozvidaidza kumba. Nekuchengetedza kusiyana-siyana kwayo kwezvipenyu, Venezuela inogona kuchengetedza ramangwana renhaka yayo yechisikigo kuzvizvarwa zvichauya.
Kuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zveVenezuelan hakuna kukosha chete pakuchengetedzwa kwemarudzi, asiwo kune kugara zvakanaka kwepasi rose. Rudzi rumwe norumwe runoita basa rinokosha pakuchengetedza kuenzana kwemhoteredzo yezvipenyu, uye kurasikirwa nokusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu kunogona kuva nemigumisiro inosvika kure. Nokuisa pokutanga Nhamburiko dzokuchengetedza dzeVenezuela, tinogona kubatsira kune remangwana rine hutano uye rakasimba kune vese.
FAQ
Chii chinonzi biodiversity muVenezuela?
Venezuela imusha wemhuka dzesango dzakasiyana-siyana uye dzinonakidza, dzine marudzi anopfuura 16,000 ezvirimwa uye hove dzakasiyana siyana, shiri, mhuka dzinoyamwisa, amphibian, uye mhuka dzinokambaira.
Ingani mhando dzemiti dziriko muVenezuela?
Venezuela ine marudzi anopfuura 16,000 emiti akarekodhwa, kusanganisira miti yakasiyana-siyana yepasi, makwenzi, nezvinomera maruva.
Ndeapi marudzi emhuka dzesango anogona kuwanikwa muVenezuela?
Venezuela imusha kune mhuka dzesango dzakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira zvinopfuura zviuru zviviri zvehove, 2,000 marudzi eshiri, 1,300 mhuka dzinoyamwisa, 390 amphibian marudzi, uye 360 mhuka dzinokambaira.
Zvisikwa zvipenyu zveVenezuela zviri mungozi munzira dzipi?
Zvipenyu zveVenezuela zvakapfuma zviri munjodzi kubva mukutemwa kwemasango, kurasikirwa nepekugara, kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, migodhi isiri pamutemo, uye kusvibiswa.
Inhamburikoi dzokuchengetedza dziri kuitwa muVenezuela?
Venezuela yakaita mabasa akasiyana-siyana ekuchengetedza, kusanganisira kumisa nzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa, kusimudzira maitiro anogara aripo, uye kutsigira zvirongwa zvekutsvaga nedzidzo.
Nzvimbo dzezvipenyu dzakasiyana-siyana dzinogona kuwanikwa kupi muVenezuela?
Biodiversity hotspots inogona kuwanikwa muAmazon Rainforest, muOrinoco River delta, makomo eAndean, uye makomo epamusoro anozivikanwa se tepuis.
Ko kuchera zvisiri pamutemo kunokanganisa sei kusiyana kwezvipenyu zveVenezuela?
Migodhi isiri pamutemo muVenezuela, kunyanya muAmazon Rainforest nedzimwe nzvimbo dziri kure, inoparadza nzvimbo dzekugara, inosvibisa nzizi, uye inokanganisa nharaunda, ichiisa mhuka dzesango nenharaunda dzemuno panjodzi.
Nderipi basa renharaunda dzechivanhu mukuchengetedza?
Nharaunda dzezvizvarwa zveVenezuela vane ruzivo rwechinyakare netsika dzinokurudzira kutarisirwa kwezviwanikwa zvinogara kwenguva refu uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana.
Chii chinoita kuti ecosystems yeVenezuela Tepuis ive yakasiyana?
Makomo epamusoro petafura muVenezuela, anozivikanwa se tepuis, ane maruva nemhuka dzakasiyana dzakashanduka dziri dzoga uye hadziwanikwi kumwe kwePasi.
Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze kunokanganisa sei kusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu zveVenezuela?
Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze kunoisa njodzi kune zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana zveVenezuela, kunyanya kune mhuka dzinogara tepuis, sezvo nzvimbo dzadzo dzakasiyana dziri panjodzi yekutsakatika.
