I-Pakistan yeBiodiversity: Izilwanyana kunye neZityalo zeZityalo kunye nento ephantsi koMngcipheko
IPakistan lilizwe elineyantlukwano ephawulekayo Zasendle kwaye Iindawo zokuhlala zendalo. Ukususela kumahlathi agudle umlambo asempuma ukuya kutsho kwiintlango ezinesanti entshona, ukumila kweendawo ezahlukeneyo kunye nemozulu ziye zabangela ukuba kubekho ubutyebi. eziphilayo ePakistan. Ngeentlobo zezilwanyana ezanyisayo ezili-195, iintlobo zeentaka ezingama-668, iintlobo zezilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo ezingama-177, izilwanyana eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini ezingama-22, iintlanzi ezingama-198 zamanzi acwengileyo, kunye neentlobo ezingama-5,000 zezilwanyana ezingenamqolo, iPakistan ilikhaya kuluhlu olubanzi lwezidalwa ezinomdla. Ukongezelela, kukho iindidi ezingama-5,700 XNUMX zezityalo ezivelisa iintyatyambo, nto leyo esongeza kubuhle bezityalo beli lizwe. EPakistan zomthonyama Ukwahluka kwezityalo nako kunegalelo kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zazo Izityalo nezilwanyana.
Noko ke, ezi ntlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo zixabisekileyo zijamelene nezisongelo eziphawulekayo. Izinto ezenziwa ngabantu, ezinjengokugawulwa kwamahlathi nokutshatyalaliswa kweendawo ezihlala kuzo, ziyonakalisa indalo zendalo. Imimandla emikhulu yamahlathi iyagawulwa, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuphulukaneni neendawo zokuhlala ezibalulekileyo zezidalwa ezininzi. Ukunyamalala ngokukhawuleza kwamahlathi e-mangrove, ngakumbi kwi-Indus Delta, ngunobangela wokukhathazeka. Le mangrove isebenza njengeendawo ezibalulekileyo zokuzalela ubomi baselwandle kunye nokubonelela ngokhuseleko kukhukuliseko lwamanxweme.
Ngenxa yezi zoyikiso, iintlobo ezininzi zezilwanyana ePakistan ngoku zisengozini okanye zisemngciphekweni wokuphela. Iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo zeli lizwe zijinga emngciphekweni, zihlaba ikhwelo lokuba kuthathwe amanyathelo angxamisekileyo okusindisa nokukhusela ilifa lemveli.
Ukuthatha okuQatha:
- IPakistan idume ngeentlobo ngeentlobo zezilwanyana zasendle kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezityebileyo.
- Eli lizwe likhaya leentlobo ngeentlobo zezilwanyana ezanyisayo, iintaka, ezirhubuluzayo, eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini, iintlanzi kunye nezilwanyana ezingenamqolo.
- Kukwakho amawaka eentlobo zezityalo ezidubula iintyatyambo kunye nobutyebi bezityalo zemveli ePakistan.
- Izinto ezenziwa ngabantu, ezinjengokugawulwa kwamahlathi nokonakaliswa kweendawo zokuhlala, ziyingozi enkulu kwizinto eziphilayo zeli lizwe.
- Iinzame ziyaqhubeka ukugcina nokukhusela izilwanyana eziyingozi kunye neendawo zabo zokuhlala ePakistan ngokusekwa kwe indalo oovimba kunye nokubandakanyeka kwe uluntu lwasekuhlaleni.
Ukubaluleka kweBiodiversity ePakistan
Ibhayoloji eyohlukeneyo yasePakistan ibambe indalo enkulu ukubaluleka, okwenza ukuba ibe ngummandla obalulekileyo kwihlabathi. Indalo eyodwa, indawo yokuhlala, kunye neentlobo zezityalo ezifumaneka ePakistan zinegalelo ekutyebeni kweentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Le mimandla yahlukeneyo kunye ne-ikhosistim ixhasa uluhlu olubanzi lwezityalo nezilwanyana, kuquka neentlobo ezisesichengeni kwihlabathi.
IPakistan yamkelwa njenge indawo yezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo, enemimandla ethile egqamileyo njengeendawo ezibalulekileyo zokulondolozwa. Indus imigxobhozo kwaye iiHimalaya zibaluleke kakhulu iindawo zezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo ePakistan. Ugcino kunye nokugcinwa kwezi ndawo zibalulekile ukugcina ibhalansi yendalo kwaye i Iinkonzo zendalo ezibonelelwa zezi ndawo zokuhlala.
Izoyikiso kwiBiodiversity ePakistan
Iintlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana zasePakistan ziphantsi kwesisongelo kwizinto ezahlukeneyo ezibeka emngciphekweni ulungelelwaniso oluthambileyo lwendalo. Izinto ezenziwa ngabantu, eziquka ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, ukutyisa imfuyo eninzi, nokuguqulwa komhlaba, kuye kwaphumela ekuwohlokeni kweendawo zokuhlala zendalo. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwamahlathi e-mangrove kwi-Indus Delta kubangela inkxalabo ethile, njengoko le nkqubo ikhethekileyo yendalo ixhasa iintlobo ngeentlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana. Ngco liseko kwakhona isisongelo esikhulu emanzini kunye iyantlukwano elwandle, ngokulahlwa kwelindle elingacocwanga kunye namanzi amdaka avela kwimizi-mveliso angcolisa imilambo neelwandle.
Ukuqonda imfuneko engxamisekileyo yokukhusela indalo yasePakistan, iinzame zolondolozo zilandelwa ngenkuthalo kweli lizwe. Abaphandi kunye Iingcali baqhuba uphando ngezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo ukuze bafumane ukuqonda okunzulu ngeengozi ezijongene neentlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye ne-ikhosistim. Olu phando lusebenza njengesiseko sokuphuhlisa izicwangciso ezisebenzayo zolondolozo kunye nokungenelela.
Ngezi nzame, abalondolozi bendalo bajolise ekuthobeni iimpembelelo zemisebenzi yabantu, ukubuyisela iindawo zokuhlala ezonakeleyo, kunye nokugcina iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo zasePakistan. Imiba ephambili ekugxilwe kuyo kulondolozo ibandakanya:
- Ukhuseleko Lwendawo yokuhlala: Ukusekwa iindawo ezikhuselweyo kunye neendawo zolondolozo lwendalo ukukhusela iindawo zokuhlala ezibalulekileyo kunye nenkqubo yendalo.
- ULondolozo lweentlobo: Ukuphumeza imilinganiselo ekujoliswe kuyo ukukhusela izilwanyana ezisengozini nokuthintela ukuphela kwazo.
- Ukubandakanya uluntu: Ukubandakanya uluntu lwasekuhlaleni kwiinzame zokulondoloza ukukhuthaza ezizinzileyo izenzo kunye nokuqinisekisa impumelelo yexesha elide.
- Ukwazisa kunye neMfundo: Ukuphakamisa ulwazi loluntu malunga nokubaluleka kwezinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo kunye nokukhuthaza uxanduva ukuhoywa kwendalo.
Ezi nzame zolondolozo zibalulekile ekukhuseleni izityalo ezahlukeneyo kunye nobomi bezilwanyana obukhoyo ePakistan kunye nokukhusela ikamva lenkqubo yendalo. Ngokubethelela ukuqonda okunzulu kwezoyikiso kunye nokuphumeza amanyathelo asebenzayo, iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo ePakistan zinokugcinelwa izizukulwana ezizayo.
Izilwanyana eziseMngciphekweni wokuTshabalala ePakistan
IPakistan ilikhaya kwiintlobo ezininzi ezisengozini yokuphela, kubandakanya izilwanyana ezincancisayo, iintaka, izirhubuluzi, iintlanzi kunye neemollusk zaselwandle. Ngokutsho kwengxelo yesithathu yelizwe lasePakistan, ngoku kukho iindidi ezingama-20 zezilwanyana ezanyisayo ezisengozini yokuphela, iindidi zeentaka ezisengozini yokuphela ezingama-25, iindidi ezirhubuluzayo ezi-6 ezisecicini lokuphela, iintlobo ezi-5 zeentlanzi ezisemngciphekweni wokuphela, kunye neentlobo ezisi-8 zemollusk ezisengozini yokuphela kweli lizwe. Nangona kunjalo, la manani kusenokwenzeka ukuba athatyathwe ngaphantsi ngenxa yokunqongophala kwedatha kunye nomthamo wemali wophando.
Ukukhusela ezi zilwanyana zisengozini kunye neendawo zazo zokuhlala, ulondolozo lwezilwanyana zasendle iinzame ziyenziwa ePakistan. Enye yeendlela ekusetyenzwa ngazo kukuseka iindawo ezikhuselweyo, njengeepaki zelizwe kunye neendawo zokulondoloza izilwanyana, ezibonelela ngeendawo ezikhuselekileyo ukuze ezi zilwanyana zikhule. Ukongeza, uluntu lwasekuhlaleni lubandakanyeka ngokusebenzayo amalinge olondolozo, esebenza kunye neearhente zikarhulumente kunye nemibutho engenzi ngeniso ukukhusela nokugcina izityalo nezilwanyana zasePakistan.
Iinzame zolondolozo ziquka ukubuyiselwa kwendawo yokuhlala, ukujongwa kweentlobo, kunye namaphulo okwazisa uluntu ukukhuthaza ukubaluleka ulondolozo lwezilwanyana zasendle. Ngokuzibandakanya noluntu lwasekuhlaleni kunye nokwazisa ngexabiso lezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo, la manyathelo ajolise ekukhuthazeni uxanduva lokukhusela izilwanyana ezisengozini kunye ne-ecosystem yazo.
“Ukukhuselwa kwezilwanyana ezisemngciphekweni wokuphela akubalulekanga nje kuphela ukuze ziphile, kodwa nasekugcineni zisempilweni yaye zilungelelene. i-ikhosistim. Zonke iintlobo zezinto eziphilayo zinendima ekhethekileyo kuthungelwano lobomi, yaye ukulahleka kolunye kunokuba nemiphumo enzulu.”
Nangona kunjalo, kukho imingeni emininzi ekufuneka yoyiswe kulondolozo lwe izilwanyana ezisengozini ePakistan. Ukunqongophala kwedatha ebanzi kunye nemithombo yemali enganelanga ithintela iinzame zophando kunye ukuqaliswa olusebenzayo izicwangciso zolondolozo. Intlupheko kunye nokukhula okuphezulu kwabemi kubeka uxinzelelo olongezelelweyo Uvimba wendalo kwaye kunokukhokelela ekuxhatshazweni ngokungazinzanga kwezilwanyana zasendle. Imo iyatshintsha ikwabeka izisongelo kwezi ntlobo, ifuna uphuhliso lwamanyathelo okuziqhelanisa.
Nangona kunjalo, ngokuzinikezela okuqhubekayo kunye nentsebenziswano phakathi kwemibutho karhulumente kunye nemibutho engekho phantsi kukarhulumente, kunye nentsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe, ukugcinwa izilwanyana ezisengozini ePakistan inokufezekiswa. Ngokubeka izinto ezibalulekileyo kwindawo yazo ulondolozo lwezilwanyana zasendle kunye nokutyala imali kuphando kunye izenzo ezizinzileyo, sinokukhusela ikamva apho izilwanyana ezisengozini zikhula kakuhle kwaye zibe negalelo kubutyebi bezityalo nezilwanyana zasePakistan.
Iindawo ezigcina indalo ePakistan
IPakistan iyazingca ngokuzibophelela kwayo ekugcineni iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo ngokuseka inkqubo ebanzi yolondolozo lwendalo. Ezi ndawo zikhuselweyo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kulondolozo lwezilwanyana zasendle kunye nokukhusela izityalo nezilwanyana ezityebileyo ezithi likhaya lasePakistan.
Okwangoku, iPakistan ineepaki zesizwe ezingama-23, iindawo zokugcina izilwanyana ezingama-97, kunye neendawo zogcino zezilwanyana ezili-104. Ezi ndawo zolondolozo lwendalo zityhutyha kuzo zonke iindawo zokuhlala kunye ne-ikhosistim, zijolise ekulondolozeni nasekukhuseleni iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezimangalisayo ezifumaneka kuzo. Ukususela kumahlathi ashinyeneyo ukusa kwithafa lengca elithe kratya, ezi ndawo zoovimba ziziintlobo ngeentlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana.
Iinzame ziyaqhubeka ukwenziwa ukomeleza ulawulo olusebenzayo lwaba vimba. Ngokubeka iliso okusebenzayo kunye novavanyo, imeko yezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo kwezi ndawo zikhuselweyo ivavanywa rhoqo. Oku kuvumela ukuba kuphunyezwe izicwangciso zogcino oluqhutywa yidatha, ukuqinisekisa ukugcinwa kwexesha elide lobutyebi bendalo basePakistan.
Uluntu lwasekuhlaleni kunye neeNGO zolondolozo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kulawulo nolondolozo lwezi ndawo zikhuselweyo. Ukubandakanyeka kwabo kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba okusebenzayo kunegalelo kwimpumelelo yale mizamo, ukubonelela ngeembono ezixabisekileyo nolwazi lwasekuhlaleni.
Ngokusebenzisana, iPakistan yenza imitsi ebalulekileyo kulondolozo lwezilwanyana zasendle kunye nokhuseleko lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezityebileyo. Le mizi yogcino lwendalo isebenza njengeendawo ezibalulekileyo zokulondoloza indalo, ingagcini nje ngokugcina iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo kodwa ikhuthaza nophando, imfundo, kunye neenkqubo ezizinzileyo zendalo.
Ngokusekwa kunye nokugcinwa kwezi ndawo zolondolozo lwendalo, iPakistan inkqenkqeza phambili Ulondolozo lwendalo kunye nokubonisa ukuzinikela kwayo ekukhuseleni ilifa lemveli lesizwe.
Iinzame zoLondolozo ePakistan
Iinzame zolondolozo ePakistan zibalulekile ukukhusela indalo etyebileyo yeli lizwe. Urhulumente uthathe amanyathelo akhawulezileyo ukukhokela imigaqo-nkqubo yolondolozo kunye namanyathelo ngamaphulo afana neSicwangciso seSizwe soLondolozo kunye neSicwangciso sokuSebenza seBiodiversity.
Ingqwalasela enye ephambili ye iinzame zolondolozo ePakistan kukubuyiselwa kwendawo yokuhlala. Oku kubandakanya ukubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili i-ecosystem eyonakeleyo kunye nokukhuthaza uzinzo ulawulo lomhlaba izenzo. Ngokubuyisela iindawo zokuhlala, sinokubonelela ngeendawo zokuhlala ezisebenzayo zezilwanyana zasendle kunye nokukhusela iinkqubo ezibalulekileyo ze-ikholoji.
Ukongezelela, ulondolozo lwezilwanyana zasendle lunendima ebalulekileyo ekulondolozweni kweentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Iinzame ziyenziwa ukukhusela abantu bezilwanyana ezisengozini kunye nokunciphisa ungquzulwano phakathi kwabantu nezilwanyana zasendle. Imibutho yolondolozo isebenzisana ngokusondeleyo noluntu lwasekuhlaleni ukwazisa, ukuphuhlisa izicwangciso zolondolozo, kunye nokumisela amanyathelo okukhusela. iindawo zokuhlala zezilwanyana zasendle.
Uphando lweBiodiversity lukwayinxalenye ebalulekileyo iinzame zolondolozo ePakistan. Ngokuqhuba uphando kunye nokufunda izoyikiso kunye neemfuno zolondolozo lweentlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye ne-ecosystems, sinokuyiqonda ngcono imingeni kunye nokuphuhlisa izicwangciso ezisebenzayo zokulondoloza.
Ngentsebenziswano phakathi kwamaqumrhu karhulumente, imibutho engenzi nzuzo, kunye noluntu lwasekuhlaleni, iinzame zokulondoloza ePakistan zenza okulungileyo mpe mbelelo ekulondolozweni kwezinto eziphilayo ezixabisekileyo zelizwe.
Indima yoLuntu lweNgingqi kuLondolozo lweZityalo ezahlukahlukeneyo
Uluntu lwasekuhlaleni ludlala indima ebalulekileyo kulondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo ePakistan. Ukubandakanyeka kwabo ngenkuthalo nenkxaso kubalulekile kwimpumelelo yamalinge olondolozo ajoliswe ekukhuseleni izilwanyana zasendle zelizwe, izityalo nezilwanyana. Ukuqaphela ukubaluleka kokuthatha inxaxheba koluntu, iiprojekthi ezininzi zolondolozo ePakistan ziye zamkela indlela esekelwe kuluntu, esebenza ngokusondeleyo nabahlali bendawo ukukhuthaza izenzo ezizinzileyo kunye nokugcina imithombo yendalo.
Ukuxhobisa uluntu lwengingqi ngemfundo, uqeqesho, kunye namanye amathuba okuziphilisa angqineke enempumelelo ekukhuthazeni ukubandakanyeka kwabo kwiinzame zolondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Ngokubonelela ngolwazi oluyimfuneko kunye nezakhono, amalungu oluntu axhotyiswe ukuba abe negalelo ekukhuselweni kweendawo zokuhlala kunye nokusetyenziswa ngokuzinzileyo kwemithombo yendalo kwindawo yabo.
Ngolwazi lwabo olunzulu nge-ecosystem yengingqi, izenzo zemveli, kunye nezithethe zenkcubeko, uluntu lwasekuhlaleni lwenza igalelo elibalulekileyo kulondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo. Banokuqonda okunzulu kobudlelwane obuntsonkothileyo kunye nokuxhomekeka phakathi kwabantu nendalo, nto leyo ebenza ukuba banike iimbono ezizodwa kunye nokuqonda kwiinzame zolondolozo.
Le ntsebenziswano phakathi kwemibutho yolondolozo kunye noluntu lwasekuhlaleni idala ingqiqo yobunini noxanduva, iqinisekisa ulawulo oluzinzileyo lwemithombo yendalo. Ngokubandakanya amalungu oluntu kwiinkqubo zokwenziwa kwezigqibo kunye nokukhuthaza intatho-nxaxheba yabo ebonakalayo, la manyathelo avelisa uluvo olukhulu lokuphendula kunye nokuzinikela kulondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo.
Ngaphezu koko, ukubandakanyeka koluntu lwasekuhlaleni kunceda ukujongana nemiba enxulumene nokuzingela ngokungekho mthethweni, ukuzingela ngokungekho mthethweni, kunye nokuxhatshazwa ngokungazinziyo kwemithombo yendalo. Ngokukhuthaza imikhwa esesikweni kunye nokubethelela umoya wobugosa, iinzame zolondolozo olusekelwe kuluntu zifak’ isandla ekulondolozweni kwezilwanyana ezisengozini kunye neendawo zazo zokuhlala.
Lilonke, indima yoluntu lwasekuhlaleni kulondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo ePakistan ibalulekile. Ulwazi lwabo, izakhono, kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba okusebenzayo kubalulekile kwimpumelelo nakwixesha elide nokuzinza yamalinge olondolozo. Ngokusebenzisana kunye nabahlali bendawo, sinokuqinisekisa ukulondolozwa kwelifa lebhayoloji elityebileyo lasePakistan ukwenzela izizukulwana ezizayo.
Imiceli mngeni kuLondolozo lweZityalo ezahlukeneyo ePakistan
Ulondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo ePakistan luzisa imingeni eyahlukeneyo ekufuneka isonjululwe ukuze kugcinwe ngempumelelo ilifa lemveli lelizwe. Le mingeni ibandakanya:
- Ukunqongophala kweDatha kunye nesakhono sezeMali: Ukufumaneka okulinganiselweyo kwedatha kunye nemithombo yemali kuthintela ukuqondwa kweengozi kwizinto eziphilayo kwaye kuthintele uphuhliso olusebenzayo. amanyathelo olondolozo. Ngaphandle kwedatha ebanzi kunye nenkxaso-mali eyaneleyo, kuba nzima ukuvavanya ngokuchanekileyo imeko yezilwanyana ezisengozini kunye ne-ecosystems ePakistan.
- Uxinzelelo kwiMithombo yeNdalo: Intlupheko kunye nokukhula okuphezulu kwabemi kwandisa uxinzelelo kwimithombo yendalo, okukhokelela ekuxhatshazweni okungazinzanga kweentlobo ngeentlobo zendalo. Njengoko uluntu luzabalazela ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zalo ezisisiseko, ludla ngokubhenela kwimisebenzi eyonakalisa indawo, njengokuzingela ngokungekho mthethweni, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi nokuloba ngokugqithiseleyo. Kubalulekile ukujongana nentlupheko nokukhuthaza iindlela zokuphila ezizinzileyo ukunciphisa olu xinzelelo.
- Imo iyatshintsha: Iimpembelelo zokutshintsha kwemozulu, kubandakanywa ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu, ukutshintsha kweepateni zeemvula, kunye iziganeko zemozulu embi kakhulu, kubangele imiceli mngeni ebalulekileyo kwizinto eziphilayo. Ukutshintsha kweemeko zemozulu kunokuphazamisa i-ecosystem kwaye kutshintshe ukuhanjiswa kunye nokuziphatha kweentlobo. Ukukhusela iintlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo, uhlengahlengiso kunye neendlela zokunciphisa ziyimfuneko ukuze kuncitshiswe iziphumo ezibi zokutshintsha kwemozulu.
- Iinzame zeNtsebenziswano kunye noKwandiswa kweNkxaso-mali: Ukoyisa le mingeni kufuna iinzame zentsebenziswano ezivela kwii-arhente zikarhulumente, imibutho yolondolozo, abaphandi, kunye noluntu lwasekuhlaleni. Ukomeleza intsebenziswano kunye nokukhuthaza amalinge okwabelana ngolwazi kunokuphucula ukusebenza kwezicwangciso zolondolozo. Ngaphezu koko, ukonyuka kwenkxaso-mali yophando lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo neenkqubo zolondolozo kubalulekile ukuxhasa ukuqokelelwa kwedatha, ukubeka esweni, nokuphunyezwa kwamanyathelo olondolozo.
Ukujongana nale mingeni kuya kuba negalelo kulondolozo lwexesha elide lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezahlukahlukeneyo zasePakistan, kukhuselwe izilwanyana ezisengozini yokuphela, nokugcina ulungelelwano lwendalo lwezizukulwana ezizayo.
INtsebenziswano yaMazwe ngaMazwe yoLondolozo lweZityalo ezahlukahlukeneyo ePakistan
Intsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe idlala indima ebalulekileyo kulondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo ePakistan. Ilizwe liyinxalenye yeNgqungquthela yeBiological Diversity (CBD) kwaye yamkele ezahlukeneyo izivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe ukulondoloza izinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo.
Ukusebenzisana nemibutho yamazwe ngamazwe kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba kumanyathelo ehlabathi axhasa uphando, ukwakhiwa kwamandla, kunye notshintshiselwano ngolwazi kunye nezenzo ezilungileyo. Inkxaso-mali yamazwe ngamazwe kunye nenkxaso yobugcisa inegalelo ekuphunyezweni kweeprojekthi zolondolozo kunye nokukhuselwa kwezinto eziphilayo zasePakistan.
isiphelo
IPakistan ineendawo ezininzi ezimangalisayo kwaye ilikhaya kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zeentyatyambo kunye nezilwanyana. Nangona kunjalo, izinto eziphilayo zeli lizwe zisengozini ngenxa yezinto ezenziwa ngabantu kunye nokonakaliswa kwendawo yokuhlala. Okuvuyisayo kukuba, iinzame zolondolozo ziyaqhubeka ukukhusela nokugcina ilifa elixabisekileyo le-ikholoji yasePakistan.
Ngokusekwa kwemimandla ekhuselweyo kunye nokubandakanyeka okusebenzayo koluntu lwasekuhlaleni, iintlobo zezilwanyana ezisengozini ziyakhuselwa, kwaye iindawo zokuhlala ezibalulekileyo ziyalondolozwa. Iinzame zentsebenziswano zemibutho yamazwe ngamazwe kunye namanyathelo ophando nawo anegalelo kulondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo ePakistan.
Nangona la manyathelo alungileyo, kusekuninzi ekufuneka kwenziwe. Ukujongana nemingeni ebangelwa kukugawulwa kwamahlathi, ungcoliseko, kunye nokutshintsha kwemozulu kufuna iinzame ezizinzileyo kunye nokuphunyezwa komgaqo-nkqubo osebenzayo. Ngokuqhubeka nokubeka phambili ulondolozo lwezilwanyana zasendle kunye nokukhuthaza uphando kunye nentsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe, iPakistan inokuqinisekisa ukugcinwa kwexesha elide kweentlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezininzi kwizizukulwana ezizayo.
FAQ
Injani iBiodiversity yasePakistan?
IPakistan inendawo eyohlukeneyo, ekhokelela ekutyebeni kwezinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo. Likhaya kwiintlobo zezilwanyana ezanyisayo ezili-195, iintlobo zeentaka ezingama-668, iintlobo zezilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo ezili-177, iintlobo ezingama-22 zezilwanyana ezihlala emanzini nasemanzini, kunye neentlobo ezili-198 zeentlanzi zasemanzini acwengileyo. Ukongeza, kukho iindidi ezingama-5,700 zezityalo ezivelisa iintyatyambo kunye nezityalo zemveli ezityebileyo.
Kutheni i-biodiversity yasePakistan ibalulekile?
Iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo zasePakistan zezehlabathi jikelele ukubaluleka ngenxa yendalo yayo eyodwa, indawo yokuhlala, kunye neentlobo. Ixhasa iindidi ezininzi zezityalo nezilwanyana, kuquka neentlobo ezisengozini yehlabathi. IPhakistani ithathwa njengeyona ndawo inezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo, enemimandla efana nemigxobhozo yase-Indus kunye neeHimalaya ibaluleke kakhulu.
Zeziphi izoyikiso ezijongene nazo iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo zasePakistan?
Ibhayoloji yasePakistan iphantsi kwesisongelo kwizinto ezenziwa ngabantu ezinjengokugawulwa kwamahlathi, ukutyisa kakhulu, ukuguqulwa komhlaba, kunye nongcoliseko. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwamahlathi e-mangrove kwi-Indus Delta kunye nokulahlwa kwamanzi amdaka angacocwanga kunye namanzi amdaka avela kwimizi-mveliso emilanjeni naselwandle yinkxalabo ebalulekileyo kwizinto eziphilayo zasemanzini naselwandle.
Ngaba kukho izilwanyana ezisengozini ePakistan?
Ewe, ngokutsho kwengxelo yesithathu yasePakistan, ngoku kukho iindidi ezingama-20 zezilwanyana ezanyisayo ezisesichengeni, iindidi zeentaka ezingama-25 ezisesichengeni, izilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo ezi-6 ezisesichengeni, iindidi zeentlanzi ezi-5 ezisesichengeni kunye nezisi-8 ezisesichengeni sezilwanyana zaselwandle ePakistan. Nangona kunjalo, la manani acingelwa ngaphantsi ngenxa yedatha enyiniweyo kunye nomthamo wemali wophando.
IPakistan izikhusela njani iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo?
IPakistan iye yaseka inkqubo yolondolozo lwendalo, kuquka iipaki zelizwe ezingama-23, iindawo zokugcina izilwanyana ezingama-97, kunye neendawo zokulondoloza iinyamakazi ezili-104, ukuze kukhuselwe iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Le mimandla ikhuselweyo igubungela iintlobo ngeentlobo zeendawo zokuhlala kunye nenkqubo yokuphilisana kwezidalwa kwaye ijolise ekulondolozeni zombini izityalo nezilwanyana.
Zeziphi iinzame zolondolozo ezenziwa ePakistan?
IPakistan iphumeze amanyathelo afana neSicwangciso soLondolozo lweSizwe kunye neSicwangciso sokuSebenza seBiodiversity ukukhokela imigaqo-nkqubo kunye nezenzo zolondolozo. Ezi nzame ziquka ukubuyiselwa kwendawo yokuhlala, ulondolozo lwezilwanyana zasendle, amaphulo okwazisa uluntu, kunye nophando lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo.
Yiyiphi indima edlalwa luluntu lwasekuhlaleni kulondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo ePakistan?
Uluntu lwasekuhlaleni ludlala indima ebalulekileyo kulondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo ePakistan. Inxaxheba nenkxaso yabo ibalulekile kwimpumelelo yamalinge olondolozo. Iiprojekthi ezininzi ePakistan zamkela indlela esekwe kuluntu, exhobisa uluntu lwengingqi ngemfundo, uqeqesho, kunye namanye amathuba okuziphilisa.
Yeyiphi imingeni kulondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo ePakistan?
Imingeni kulondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo ePakistan ibandakanya ukunqongophala kwedatha kunye nomthamo wemali wophando, intlupheko kunye nokukhula okuphezulu kwabemi, kunye neempembelelo zokutshintsha kwemozulu. Ukoyisa le mingeni kufuna iinzame zentsebenziswano, inkxaso-mali eyandisiweyo, nokuphunyezwa komgaqo-nkqubo osebenzayo.
Intsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe iluxhasa njani ulondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo ePakistan?
IPakistan iyinxalenye yeNgqungquthela yeBiological Diversity kwaye yamkele izivumelwano ezahlukeneyo zamazwe ngamazwe zokulondoloza izinto eziphilayo. Ukusebenzisana nemibutho yamazwe ngamazwe kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba kumanyathelo ehlabathi axhasa uphando, ukwakhiwa kwamandla, kunye notshintshiselwano ngolwazi. Inkxaso-mali yamazwe ngamazwe kunye nenkxaso yobugcisa inegalelo ekuphumezeni iiprojekthi zolondolozo ePakistan.
Kutheni kubalulekile ukugcinwa kwezinto eziphilayo zasePakistan?
Ukugcinwa kwezinto eziphilayo zasePakistan kubalulekile ukugcina ulungelelwaniso lwendalo kunye neenkonzo ze-ikhosistim ezibonelelwa ziindawo zayo zokuhlala ezizodwa. Ibalulekile kubomi bezidalwa ezisengozini, ukuzinza kobutyebi bendalo, kunye ne impilo yezizukulwana ezizayo.
