I-Belarus Biodiversity: Izilwanyana kunye neZityalo zeZilwanyana kunye nento ephantsi kwengozi
I-Belarus ineendawo ezahlukeneyo zokuhlala iintlobo zezilwanyana nezityalo, kodwa eziphilayo yelizwe iphantsi kwesisongelo kwizinto ezahlukeneyo. Izakhiwo ezizodwa zendalo kunye zendalo ezifunyenwe eBelarus zenza i-65.8% yommandla wayo, kubandakanywa imimandla emibini ye-geo-botanical - i-Eurasian taiga kunye neendawo zaseYurophu ezinamahlamvu abanzi. Ilizwe liye labona ukwanda kwehlathi elipheleleyo kwiminyaka, kodwa iindawo ze-boreal ziyancipha ngenxa yemozulu efudumalayo, ekhokelela ekutshintsheni kwiindawo ze-steppe kunye nehlathi-steppe.
I-Belarus ineentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezityalo, malunga ne-12,000 iintlobo zezityalo, kuquka iindidi ezingama-7,000 2,000 zomngundo kunye neentlobo ezingama-1,638 1,500 ze<em>algae. Izityalo ze-Vascular zenza iintlobo ze-46, kunye neentlobo ze-herbal ezingaphezu kwe-XNUMX. Ngokubhekiselele kwizilwanyana, iBelarus likhaya le-XNUMX zomthonyama iintlobo zeentlanzi kwi-63 iyonke, kunye neentlobo ezingama-467 zezilwanyana ezinomqolo kunye neentlobo ezingaphezu kwama-30,000 zezilwanyana ezingenamqolo. Ngelixa kukho ukunqongophala kweentlobo zezilwanyana ezihlala emhlabeni, kukho iintlobo ezithile ezisuka kwi-Ice Age.
Nangona kunjalo, i-biodiversity yaseBelarus ijongene ezininzi izinsongelo. Imo iyatshintsha lolunye loxinzelelo olukhulu, olukhokelela ekuncitshisweni kwendawo yokuhlala kwisityalo se-boreal kunye iintlobo zezilwanyana, ukuncipha kwabemi bezityalo nezilwanyana zasendle kwindawo ekhukuliswe ngamanzi, ecaleni komlambo, nakumhlaba omanzi, kunye nokuvela kweentlobo zeentaka ezivela kwimvelaphi esemazantsi, oko kuqinisa ukhuphiswano phakathi kwezinto ezithile kufuphi nemithombo yamanzi. Iintlobo ezihlaselayo, ezifana ne-American mink, ihogweed enkulu, kunye nentonga yegolide yaseCanada, nazo zibeka isoyikiso esibalulekileyo kwizilwanyana zaseBelarusian ngokukhuphisana. iintlobo zemveli.
The iinzame zolondolozo eBelarus ijolise ekukhuseleni nasekugcineni izinto eziphilayo zelizwe. Ukusekwa kwe iindawo ezikhuselweyo, equka i-7.7% yelizwe, idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuseleni iindawo ezinqabileyo nezinqabileyo. izilwanyana eziyingozi. Ulondolozo lwasendle amalinge aye akhusela ngempumelelo kwaye ade asusa ezinye iintlobo zezilwanyana kwiRed Data Book. I-Belarus iphinda igxininise Uphuhliso oluphathekayo, ngokuqhubekayo uphando ngezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo kwaye izifundo zesayensi yenziwe ukuqonda i mpe mbelelo yemisebenzi yabantu kwiintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo.
Ukuqukumbela, kubalulekile ukubeka phambili nokugcinwa imizamo kwaye ezizinzileyo Phuhliso ukukhusela Belarus biodiversity. Ngelixa ilizwe liqhayisa ngesityebi Izityalo nezilwanyana, i izinsongelo ibhalwe ngu imo iyatshintsha, iintlobo ezihlaselayo, kunye ilahleko yendawo yokuhlala kufuneka kuqwalaselwe. Ngokuphumeza ngempumelelo amanyathelo olondolozo kunye nokuqhuba uphando olongezelelweyo, iBelarus inokuqinisekisa ukugcinwa kwezinto zayo ezizodwa kunye nezahlukeneyo iintlobo zezilwanyana nezityalo kwizizukulwana ezizayo.
Ukuthatha okuQatha:
- I-Belarus ineendawo ezahlukeneyo zokuhlala iintlobo zezilwanyana nezityalo
- Izinto eziphilayo eBelarus ziphantsi kwesoyikiso ukusuka imo iyatshintsha, iintlobo ezihlaselayo, kunye ilahleko yendawo yokuhlala
- Ilizwe linobutyebi Izityalo nezilwanyana, malunga ne-12,000 iintlobo zezityalo kunye neentlobo ezingama-46 zeentlanzi zemveli
- Imizamo yolondolozo kwaye Uphuhliso oluphathekayo zibalulekile ekukhuseleni Belarus biodiversity
IiFlora ezityebileyo kunye neFauna yaseBelarus
I-Belarus iqhayisa ngeentlobo eziphawulekayo zezityalo kunye iintlobo zezilwanyana, nabangaphezu kwe-12,000 iintlobo zezityalo kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo zezilwanyana, okwenza kube a indawo yezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo. Iikhompleksi zendalo zelizwe kunye ne-ecosystems zigubungela i-65.8% yommandla walo, wemimandla emibini ye-geo-botanical: i-Eurasian taiga kunye nemimandla enamagqabi abanzi aseYurophu. I-Belarus yenze iinzame zokwandisa ihlathi layo, kunye nokunyuka kwe-32.4% kwi-1966 ukuya kwi-38% ngo-2008. Nangona kunjalo, iindawo ze-boreal ziyancipha, kwaye kukho ukutshintshela kwiindawo ezininzi ze-steppe kunye nehlathi-steppe ngenxa yemiphumo yokutshintsha kwemozulu.
Ngokubhekiselele kwiintlobo zezityalo, iBelarus ilikhaya malunga neentlobo ze-12,000, kuquka ne-7,000 yeentlobo ze-fungi kunye ne-2,000 yeentlobo ze-algae, ezimele phantse i-80% yezityalo ezipheleleyo. Eli lizwe likwane-1,638 yeentlobo zezityalo ezine-vascular, kunye neentlobo ze-herbal ezingaphezu kwe-1,500. Xa kuziwa kwifauna, iBelarus ineentlobo ze-46 zeentlanzi zemveli kwi-63 iyonke, kunye ne-467 yeentlobo ze-vertebrates kunye neentlobo ezingaphezu kwe-30,000 ze-invertebrates. Nangona kukho ukunqongophala kwe-endemism kwiintlobo zezilwanyana ezisemhlabeni, kukho iindidi ezimbalwa ze-relict ezivela kwi-Ice Age. IBelarus nayo ineentlobo zezityalo ezingama-54 ezisengozini yokuphela kunye neentlobo ezili-16 ezisengozini yokuphela.
Iinzame zoLondolozo eBelarus ziye zakhokelela ekukhuselweni ngempumelelo kunye nokususwa kwiNcwadi yeDatha eBomvu ethile iintlobo zezilwanyana, njengedada elingathethiyo nentaka yasemanzini. Ilizwe lineentlobo zezilwanyana eziziinyama ezingama-47 kunye neentlobo zentlanzi ezingama-31 ezirhwebayo, kunye nesivuno esiphakathi sonyaka seetoni ezingamawaka angama-803.06. Nangona kunjalo, imisebenzi engazinzanga ikhokelela ekuncipheni kwempahla yeentlanzi kunye notshintsho ekubunjweni kweentlobo kunye nokwakheka. I-Belarus nayo ijongene nomngeni weentlobo ezihlaselayo, kunye neentlobo zezityalo ezingaphezu kwe-600 kunye neentlobo ze-30 zezilwanyana ezihlasela ummandla wayo.
Itheyibhile: Iintlobo ezisengozini eBelarus
| udidi | Inani leentlobo zeZityalo | Inani leZilo zeZilo |
|---|---|---|
| Isemngciphekweni wokugxekwa | 54 | 16 |
"I-Belarus ineentlobo zezityalo ezimalunga ne-12,000, kuquka i-7,000 kunye ne-2,000 yeentlobo ze-fungi kunye ne-algae, ngokulandelelana, ezimele phantse i-80% yazo zonke izityalo."
Ulondolozo kunye nokusetyenziswa ngokuzinzileyo kweentlobo zendalo ezikhethekileyo zeBelarus, ezinje ngemigxobhozo, imimandla ekhukuliswe ngamanzi, amahlathi, i-kame moraine, kunye nezakhiwo zamachibi, zezona zibalaseleyo. ukubaluleka. Omnye waloo mmandla yiBelarus Polesie, ekummandla osemazantsi welizwe, ongomnye wemimandla yaseYurophu ebaluleke kakhulu emanzini. KwiMilambo e-Belarus baye bafumana i-drainage ebanzi kwixesha elidlulileyo kodwa babone ukwanda kweendawo ezimanzi ngenxa yokumanzisa kwakhona kwendalo.
Ukutshintsha kwemozulu kubeka isoyikiso esibalulekileyo kwizinto eziphilayo zaseBelarus, ngokuncipha kwendawo yokuhlala yezityalo ezizibolileyo kunye neentlobo zezilwanyana kunye nokuvela kweentlobo zeentaka ezikhuphisanayo ezisuka kwimimandla esemazantsi. Iintlobo ezihlaselayo, ezifana ne-American mink, ihogweed enkulu, kunye nentonga yegolide yaseCanada, nazo zinefuthe elibi kwizilwanyana zaseBelarusian. Eminye imiba ye-anthropogenic enegalelo ilahleko yendalo kuquka utshintsho kwindlela osetyenziswa ngayo umhlaba, ungcoliso, ukuqhekeka kweendawo zokuhlala nokonakala kwamahlathi okubangelwa zizinambuzane ezitshabalalisayo, izifo, iinkanyamba nemililo.
I-Belarus iphumeze amanyathelo okuphucula ukuqaliswa yeNgqungquthela yeBiological Diversity, egxile kuwiso-mthetho oluphuculweyo, uthungelwano lwemimandla ekhuselweyo, iinkqubo zolawulo lolwazi, kunye nentsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe. Yelizwe buchule iinjongo ze Ulondolozo lwendalo kubandakanya ukuthintela ukuhla kweentlobo zabantu kunye nokwahluka kweentlobo, ukuphumeza ukusetyenziswa okuzinzileyo kweyantlukwano yebhayoloji, kunye nokomeleza ukuthotyelwa kwe-Aichi Biodiversity Targets.
Izoyikiso kwiBelarus Biodiversity
I-biodiversity eBelarus ijongene ezininzi izinsongelo, kubandakanya ilahleko yendawo yokuhlala, ukutshintsha kwemozulu, kunye nefuthe lemisebenzi yabantu kwi-ecosystem. Ezi zoyikiso zinefuthe elibonakalayo kwizilwanyana nezityalo ezizodwa ezifumaneka kweli lizwe, kunye nelo lonke impilo ye indawo.
Omnye wemingeni ephambili kwizinto eziphilayo eBelarus yilahleko yendawo yokuhlala. Ukuguqulwa kwe Iindawo zokuhlala zendalo kwezolimo, Ukufudukela kwabantu ezidolophini, yaye uphuhliso lweziseko ezingundoqo kubangele ukutshatyalaliswa nokuqhekeka kwezinto eziphilayo. Le lahleko yendawo yokuhlala ichaphazela ngqo ukuphila kunye nokuveliswa kweentlobo ezininzi zezinto eziphilayo, okukhokelela ekuncipheni kwabemi kunye nokuphela. Ukongezelela, ukukhutshwa kwemigxobhozo nokususwa kwamahlathi kuye kwafak’ isandla ngakumbi ekuphulukaneni neendawo zokuhlala ezibalulekileyo zezityalo nezilwanyana ezininzi.
Ukutshintsha kwemozulu sesinye isoyikiso esikhulu kwizinto eziphilayo eBelarus. Ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu kunye neepateni zemvula ezitshintshileyo zineempembelelo ezibalulekileyo ekusasazeni nasekuziphatheni kweentlobo. Umzekelo, iintlobo zezityalo ze-boreal kunye nezilwanyana, eziqhelana nemozulu ebandayo, zinokusokola ukuze ziphile njengoko iindawo zazo zokuhlala zicutheka ngenxa yokutshintsha kwemozulu. Ngaphezu koko, utshintsho lwemozulu lunokuphazamisa iinkqubo ezibalulekileyo zendalo, ezinje ngeepatheni zokufuduka, imijikelo yokuzala, kunye nobudlelwane phakathi kwamarhamncwa nexhoba, zonke ezo zinto zibalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwenkqubo yendalo.
Imisebenzi yabantu, kuquka ungcoliseko, ukuxhaphazwa ngokugqithisileyo kwe Uvimba wendalo, kunye nokuqaliswa kweentlobo zezilwanyana ezihlaselayo, nazo zibeka isoyikiso esibalulekileyo Belarus biodiversity. Ukwenziwa kwemizi-mveliso kunye nolimo olumandla kukhokelele ekunyukeni kwamanqanaba ongcoliseko, anokuthi angcolise imizimba yamanzi kunye nomhlaba, ibe nefuthe elibi kwimpilo yezityalo, izilwanyana kunye nezilwanyana ezincinci. Ukuthengiswa kakhulu kweentlobo ngeenjongo zoqoqosho, ezinjengokuzingela nokuloba, kunokuphelisa abantu kwaye kuphazamise. ibhalansi yendalo. Iintlobo ezihlaselayo, zombini izityalo kunye nezilwanyana, zinokodlula iintlobo zendalo zendalo ngobutyebi kwaye ziphazamise i-ikhosistim amandla.
Kubalulekile ukujongana nezi zoyikiso kunye nokuphumeza amanyathelo olondolozo ukukhusela kunye nokugcina i-biodiversity yaseBelarus. Iinzame kufuneka zigxile ukubuyiselwa kwendawo yokuhlala kunye nokhuseleko, ukukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa komhlaba okuzinzileyo izenzo, ukunciphisa iimpembelelo zokutshintsha kwemozulu, kunye nokulawula iintlobo ezihlaselayo. Ukongeza, ukuphakamisa ulwazi kunye nokuzibandakanya uluntu lwasekuhlaleni in amalinge olondolozo ibalulekile ekufezekiseni impumelelo yexesha elide ekugcineni i-biodiversity etyebileyo yaseBelarus.
| Izisongelo | igalelo |
|---|---|
| Ukuphulukana nendawo yokuhlala | – Ukutshatyalaliswa kunye nokuqhekeka kwe-ikhosistim – Ilahleko yeendawo zokuhlala ezibalulekileyo zezityalo nezilwanyana |
| Imo iyatshintsha | – Ukucutheka kweendawo zokuhlala kwiintlobo eziziqhelanisa nengqele – Ukuphazamiseka kweenkqubo ze-ikholoji – Utshintsho ekuhanjisweni kweentlobo kunye nokuziphatha |
| Imisebenzi yabantu | – Ungcoliseko lwemithombo yamanzi nomhlaba – Ukusetyenziswa ngokugqithisileyo kobutyebi bendalo – Ukungeniswa kweentlobo zezityalo ezihlaselayo |
Amaphuzu aphambili
- Ilahleko yendawo yokuhlala, utshintsho lwemozulu, kunye nemisebenzi yabantu ibeka emngciphekweni i-biodiversity yaseBelarus.
- Ilahleko yendawo yokuhlala ibangelwa kukwandiswa kwezolimo, ukufudukela ezidolophini, kunye iziseko phuhliso.
- Ukutshintsha kwemozulu kuchaphazela ukusasazeka kweentlobo, ukuziphatha, kunye neenkqubo ze-ikholoji.
- Izinto ezenziwa ngabantu, eziquka ungcoliso nokusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi, kubangela umonakalo ongakumbi kwizinto ezahlukahlukeneyo eziphilayo.
- Iinzame zolondolozo kufuneka zigxile ekubuyiselweni kwendawo yokuhlala, ukusetyenziswa komhlaba okuzinzileyo, ukuthomalalisa utshintsho lwemozulu, kunye nokulawula iintlobo ezihlaselayo.
“Iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo eBelarus zisemngciphekweni wokulahleka kwendawo yokuhlala, utshintsho lwemozulu, kunye nezinto ezenziwa ngabantu. Le mingeni ifuna inyathelo elingxamisekileyo ukuze kukhuselwe kuze kugcinwe uhlobo olulodwa lwezilwanyana nezityalo ezifumaneka kweli lizwe.”
Iinzame zoLondolozo eBelarus
I-Belarus ibandakanyeka ngokusebenzayo Zasendle nokugcinwa kwaye ukhuseleko lwenkqubo yendalo, kunye nabaninzi iiprojekthi zolondolozo kunye nokusekwa kweendawo ezikhuselweyo kwilizwe liphela. I-biodiversity etyebileyo yaseBelarus, kunye neentlobo zayo ezahlukeneyo Izityalo nezilwanyana, yi-asethi exabisekileyo efuna ukulondolozwa nokulawulwa ngenyameko.
Elinye lamanyathelo aphambili kwi ulondolozo lwezilwanyana zasendle kukusekwa kweendawo ezikhuselweyo. Ezi ndawo zisebenza njengendawo yokuhlala izilwanyana eziyingozi kunye nokunceda ukugcina indalo yendalo yaseBelarus. Okwangoku, iBelarus inenethiwekhi yeendawo ezikhuselweyo ezigubungela i-7.7% yelizwe, kubandakanya iipaki zelizwe, indalo iindawo zokugcina, kunye neendawo zokugcina izilwanyana. Ezi ndawo zikhuselweyo zibonelela ngeendawo ezikhuselekileyo zeentlobo ezininzi zezityalo nezilwanyana, ziqinisekisa ukuphila kwazo ixesha elide.
Zi lwanyana iiprojekthi zolondolozo nazo zibalulekile eBelarus. Ezi projekthi zijolise kwiintlobo ezithile okanye i-ikhosistim, ejolise ekukhuseleni nasekubuyiseleni abantu bazo. Umzekelo, kuye kwakho iinzame zolondolozo eziyimpumelelo zezidalwa ezifana nedada elisisimumu kunye ne-aquatic warbler, eziye zasuswa kwi-Red Data Book ngenxa yezi projekthi.
Urhulumente kunye nemibutho eyahlukeneyo eBelarus babandakanyeka ngokusebenzayo ukhuseleko lwenkqubo yendalo kunye nokubuyiselwa. Basebenzisa imilinganiselo yokuthintela ilahleko yendawo yokuhlala, ukulwa nokungcoliseka, kunye nokulawula imisebenzi yabantu enokuthi ibe nefuthe kwizinto eziphilayo. Ukongeza, intsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiinzame zokulondoloza, kunye neBelarus ethatha inxaxheba kumanyathelo ehlabathi.
Iiprojekthi zoLondolozo eBelarus
Apha ngezantsi kukho itheyibhile eqaqambisa ezinye ze iiprojekthi zolondolozo eBelarus:
| iprojekthi | inkcazelo |
|---|---|
| Iprojekthi ye-UNDP-GEF yeMigxobhozo | Ijolise ekukhuseleni nasekubuyiseleni i-ecosystem ye-wetland e-Belarus, igxininise ekulondolozweni kweentlobo zeentaka ezinqabileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa okuzinzileyo kwemithombo yamanzi. |
| IProjekthi yoPhuhliso lweePaka zeSizwe | Igxininisa ekusekweni nasekuphuhliseni iipaki zelizwe eBelarus ukukhusela iindawo zokuhlala ezibalulekileyo kunye nokukhuthaza ukhenketho oluzinzileyo. |
| Belovezhskaya Pushcha Biosphere Reserve | Enye yezona ndawo zindala zolondolozo lwendalo eYurophu, ezizinikele ekulondolozeni indalo eyodwa kunye inkcubeko elilifa lethu yehlathi lamandulo. |
| ULondolozo lweNyathi yabemi | Ijonge ukubuyisela nokugcina inyathi yaseYurophu ekwazi ukuziphilisa, esona silwanyana sinzima emhlabeni eYurophu, ngokubuyiselwa kwendawo yokuhlala kunye neenkqubo zokufuya ezithinjiweyo. |
Ezi projekthi zolondolozo, kunye neenzame zoluntu lwasekuhlaleni kunye nabantu ngabanye, igalelo kulondolozo kunye nokukhuselwa kwezinto eziphilayo zaseBelarus. Badlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ixesha elide nokuzinza ye-ikhosistim yeli lizwe kunye nokuphila kwezityalo neentlobo zezilwanyana ezizodwa.
I-Belarus izinikele kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo kunye uphando ngezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo ukwandisa ngakumbi iinzame zolondolozo. Iyaqhuba izifundo zesayensi kugxilwe ekuqondeni impembelelo yokutshintsha kwemozulu, ilahleko yendawo yokuhlala, kunye nemisebenzi yabantu kwizinto eziphilayo. Olu phononongo lubonelela ngeembono ezixabisekileyo ezikhokela izicwangciso-qhinga zolondolozo kwaye zazise izigqibo zomgaqo-nkqubo.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukubaluleka kwemizamo yolondolozo eBelarus kunye nesidingo izenzo zophuhliso oluzinzileyo ukuqinisekisa ulondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezityebileyo ukwenzela izizukulwana ezizayo.
UPhuhliso oluZinzileyo kunye noPhando lweZilwanyana zeNdalo eBelarus
Izenzo zophuhliso oluzinzileyo zibalulekile ekugcinweni kwe-Belarus biodiversity, kunye nophando oluqhubekayo kunye izifundo zesayensi badlale indima ebalulekileyo ekuqondeni nasekukhuseleni izityebi zelizwe ilifa lemveli. IBelarus ilikhaya kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana, malunga neentlobo zezityalo ezimalunga ne-12,000, kuquka umngundo kunye ne-algae, kunye neentlobo ezingama-467 zezilwanyana ezinomqolo. Nangona kunjalo, i-biodiversity e-Belarus ijongene nezoyikiso ezininzi, ezibandakanya ukulahlekelwa kwendawo yokuhlala, utshintsho lwemozulu, kunye nokuqaliswa kweentlobo ezihlaselayo.
Ukutshintsha kwemozulu, okuphawulwa kukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu kunye nokuhla kwemvula, kubangela umngeni omkhulu kwi-biodiversity yaseBelarus. Ukutshintsha kwemozulu kuphazamisa ulungelelwaniso lwendalo kunye nokuguqula ukuhanjiswa kunye nokwakhiwa kweentlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana. Imigxobhozo kunye namahlathi, iindawo zokuhlala ezibalulekileyo kwiintlobo ezininzi zezilwanyana, zisengozini kakhulu. Imbalela, iinkanyamba, nokuvela kweentlobo zezityalo ezihlaselayo kunegalelo ngakumbi ekuwohlokeni kwenkqubo yendalo.
Izazinzulu kunye nabaphandi baseBelarus babandakanyeka ngokusebenzayo uphando ngezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo ukuhlola iimpembelelo zokutshintsha kwemozulu kunye nezinye izoyikiso kwizityalo nezilwanyana zelizwe. Ezi zifundo zibonelela ngezimvo ezixabisekileyo malunga nokutshintsha kwezinto eziphilayo kunye nokuxhasa uphuhliso lwe izicwangciso zolondolozo. Iinzame zophando zijolise ekubekeni iliso kubuninzi beentlobo zezityalo, ukufunda ubuchule bokubuyisela indawo yokuhlala, kunye nokuchonga amanyathelo asebenzayo okunciphisa iimpembelelo zokutshintsha kwemozulu.
IiProjekthi zoLondolozo kunye namaNyathelo
I-Belarus izibophelele ekulondolozeni i-biodiversity yayo ngeeprojekthi ezahlukeneyo kunye namanyathelo. Ilizwe limisele uthungelwano lweendawo ezikhuselweyo, eziquka i-7.7% yomhlaba wonke, ukukhusela indalo exabisekileyo kunye iintlobo ezinqabileyo. Ezi ndawo zikhuselweyo zisebenza njengeendawo ezibalulekileyo zokhuseleko lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo kwaye zixhasa iinkqubo zophuhliso oluzinzileyo.
Urhulumente waseBelarus uphumeze amanyathelo okuphucula ukuphunyezwa kweNgqungquthela yeZilwanyana zeBiological. IsiCwangciso-qhinga seSizwe esiHlaziyiweyo neSicwangciso sokuSebenza sigxile ekuphuculeni umthetho, ukuseka uthungelwano lweendawo ezikhuselweyo, ukomeleza ulawulo lolwazi, nokukhuthaza intsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe. Ezi ntshukumo zijolise ekuthinteleni ukuhla kwenani labantu, ukukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa okuzinzileyo kweyantlukwano yebhayoloji, nokomeleza iinzame zolondolozo.
| mngeni | Iinzame zoLondolozo |
|---|---|
| Ukuphulukana nendawo yokuhlala kunye nokuthotywa | Ukusekwa kweendawo ezikhuselweyo |
| Imo iyatshintsha | Uphando kunye nokubeka iliso kwi-ikhosistim |
| Iintlobo ezihlaselayo | Ukuphunyezwa kwezicwangciso eziliqili zolawulo lweentlobo ezihlaselayo |
| Umsebenzi wemizi-mveliso kunye nongcoliseko | Imigaqo yokunciphisa ungcoliseko nokukhuthaza izenzo ezizinzileyo |
Imizamo yokulondoloza eBelarus incediswa yintsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe kunye nenkxaso evela kwimibutho efana neNkqubo yoPhuhliso yeZizwe eziManyeneyo (UNDP) kunye ne-Global Environmental Facility (GEF). Ezi ntsebenziswano zenza ukuba kuphunyezwe iiprojekthi zolondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo nokukhuthaza izenzo zophuhliso oluzinzileyo.
Lilonke, izenzo zophuhliso oluzinzileyo kunye nophando lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokugcinwa kwezinto eziphilayo zaseBelarus. Ngokuqonda izisongelo kunye nokuphunyezwa kwamanyathelo olondolozo olusebenzayo, iBelarus inokukhusela izityalo zayo ezizodwa kunye neentlobo zezilwanyana ukwenzela ukuba izizukulwana ezizayo zizonwabele.
Umthombo: Inkqubo yoPhuhliso yeZizwe eziManyeneyo (UNDP) eBelarus, UVavanyo lweZityalo ezahlukeneyo yeBelarus, kunye neNational Academy of Sciences yaseBelarus.
isiphelo
Ukuqukumbela, i-Belarus biodiversity yi-asethi enexabiso efuna iinzame zolondolozo eziqhubekayo, izenzo zophuhliso oluzinzileyo, kunye nophando lwezenzululwazi ukuqinisekisa ukulondolozwa kwayo kwizizukulwana ezizayo. Izakhiwo zendalo ezikhethekileyo zelizwe kunye neenkqubo zendalo, ezithatha indawo enkulu yommandla walo, zixhasa iintlobo ngeentlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana.
I-Belarus ilikhaya kwiintlobo zezityalo ezimalunga ne-12,000, kubandakanywa iindidi ezahlukeneyo zefungi kunye ne-algae, emele phantse i-80% yezityalo ezipheleleyo. Eli lizwe likwaqhayisa ngenani elibalulekileyo leentlobo zentlanzi zemveli kunye noluhlu olubanzi lwezilwanyana ezinomqolo kunye nee-invertebrates. Nangona kunjalo, izinto ezahlukeneyo zebhayoloji eBelarus zijongene nezoyikiso ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ukulahleka kwendawo yokuhlala, utshintsho lwemozulu, kunye nokuhlaselwa kweentlobo zamanye amazwe.
Iinzame zokukhusela izinto eziphilayo zaseBelarus ziquka ukusekwa kweendawo ezikhuselweyo kunye namanyathelo olondolozo lwezilwanyana zasendle. Inkqubo yelizwe yemimandla ekhuselwe ngokukodwa ithatha i-7.7% yelizwe kwaye ijolise ekukhuseleni iindawo ezinqabileyo kunye nezinqabileyo. izilwanyana eziyingozi neendawo zabo zokuhlala. Ukongeza, izenzo zophuhliso oluzinzileyo ziyaphunyezwa ukuze kugcinwe ezona ntlobo zembonakalo yomhlaba zixabisekileyo, njengemigxobhozo namahlathi.
Uphando lwezeNzululwazi ludlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqondeni nasekulondolozeni izinto eziphilayo zaseBelarus. Izifundo eziqhubayo kunye neeprojekthi zophando ngezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo zinegalelo kulwazi nolawulo lwezityalo nezilwanyana zelizwe. Ulwazi oluqokelelwe ngezi nzame zenzululwazi lunceda ukwazisa amaqhinga olondolozo kwaye luxhasa iinkqubo zokuthatha izigqibo.
Nangona kwenziwe inkqubela ebonakalayo ekukhuseleni nasekulondolozeni izinto eziphilayo zaseBelarus, usemninzi umsebenzi ekufuneka wenziwe. Imingeni ebangelwa kukutshintsha kwemozulu kunye nemisebenzi yabantu ifuna imizamo eqhubekayo kunye nentsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe. Ngokubeka phambili ulondolozo, izenzo zophuhliso oluzinzileyo, kunye nophando lwezenzululwazi, iBelarus inokuqinisekisa ukuhlala ixesha elide kunye nokusetyenziswa okuzinzileyo kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezityalo kunye nezilwanyana.
FAQ
Umbuzo: Ziziphi izinto eziphilayo ezifana ne-Belarus?
A: IBelarus likhaya leentlobo ngeentlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana. Iqhayisa malunga ne-12,000 yeentlobo zezityalo, kuquka iindidi ezingama-7,000 zefungi kunye ne-2,000 yeentlobo ze-algae. Kukho iintlobo ezili-1,638 zezityalo ezinemithambo kunye neentlobo ezingama-46 zeentlanzi zemveli. Eli lizwe likwaneentlobo ezininzi zezilwanyana ezinqabileyo nezisengozini yokuphela, njengentlanzi yasemanzini kunye ne mink yaseYurophu.
Umbuzo: Ziziphi iingozi eziphambili kwi-Belarus biodiversity?
IMPENDULO: Ezona zoyikiso kwizityalo nezilwanyana eBelarus ziquka ukutshintsha kwemozulu, ilahleko yendawo yokuhlala, ungcoliseko, kunye nokungeniswa kweentlobo zezityalo ezihlaselayo. Ukutshintsha kwemozulu kukhokelele ekutshintsheni kwemozulu kunye neemeko zemozulu, okuchaphazela iindawo zokuhlala zezityalo nezilwanyana. Ilahleko yendawo yokuhlala yenzeke ngenxa yezinto ezifana nokugawulwa kwamahlathi kunye nokufudukela ezidolophini. Ungcoliseko oluphuma kwimizi-mveliso nalo luyingozi kwizinto eziphilayo. Ukongezelela, ukuqaliswa kweentlobo zezilwanyana ezihlaselayo kuphazamisa inkqubo yendalo kwaye kushenxisa iintlobo zendalo.
Umbuzo: Yiyiphi imizamo yokulondoloza eyenziwa eBelarus?
IMPENDULO: IBelarus iphumeze iinzame zolondolozo ezahlukeneyo zokukhusela iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Oku kuquka ukusekwa kweendawo ezikhuselweyo, njengeepaki zelizwe kunye neendawo zokulondoloza indalo, ukuze kulondolozwe iindawo zokuhlala ezibalulekileyo. Ilizwe likwanazo nemigaqo yamahlathi ezinzileyo ukuqinisekisa ulawulo olunenkathalo lwemimandla yamahlathi. Iiprojekthi zolondolozo ziye zaphumelela ekukhuseleni nasekususeni ezinye izilwanyana kuluhlu olusengozini yokuphela.
Umbuzo: Uphuhliso oluzinzileyo lunxulunyaniswa njani ne-Belarus biodiversity?
IMPENDULO: Uphuhliso oluzinzileyo ludlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni izinto eziphilayo zaseBelarus. Ngokukhuthaza izenzo ezizinzileyo kumacandelo afana nezolimo kunye nokhenketho, ilizwe linokunciphisa iimpembelelo ezingalunganga kwi-ikhosistim kunye neentlobo. Uphuhliso oluzinzileyo lukwabandakanya ukudibanisa ulondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo zibe imigaqo-nkqubo kunye nezicwangciso, kunye nokubandakanyeka kuphando lwezenzululwazi ukuqonda ngcono nokukhusela izityalo nezilwanyana ezizodwa zaseBelarus.
Umbuzo: Yeyiphi imingeni ephambili ekukhuseleni i-biodiversity yaseBelarus?
IMPENDULO: Imingeni ephambili ekukhuseleni izinto eziphilayo zaseBelarus ziquka ukutshintsha kwemozulu, ilahleko yendawo yokuhlala, izixhobo ezingonelanga kwiinzame zolondolozo, kunye nesidingo sokunyanzeliswa ngamandla kwemithetho yokusingqongileyo. Utshintsho lwemozulu lubeka isoyikiso kwi-ikhosistim kunye neentlobo, ngelixa ilahleko yendawo yokuhlala iqhubeka ngenxa yemisebenzi yabantu. Inkxaso-mali eyaneleyo kunye nezibonelelo ziyimfuneko kumanyathelo olondolozo olusebenzayo. Ukomeleza ukunyanzeliswa kwemithetho yendalo esingqongileyo nako kubalulekile ekujonganeni nezoyikiso kwizinto ezahlukahlukeneyo eziphilayo.
