I-Eritrea Biodiversity: Izilwanyana kunye neZityalo zeZilwanyana kunye nento ephantsi koMngcipheko
Ngaba ubusazi ukuba i-Eritrea, ilizwe elincinane elikuMmandla weAfrika, likhaya kuluhlu olumangalisayo lwehlabathi? Zasendle kunye neentlobo zezityalo? Nangona incinci ngokwentelekiso, i-Eritrea izidla ngokuba zizityebi eziphilayo oko kufanelekile ukulondolozwa. Ukusuka kwizilwanyana ezincancisayo ezizodwa ukuya kwizityalo ezihlala zikho, zelizwe zendalo zinyakazela kubomi obubangela umdla nobuphantsi kwesisongelo. Kweli nqaku, sijonga i-biodiversity yase-Eritrea, i nokugcinwa iinzame ezenziwayo, kunye nemingeni eseza.
IItrakthi ezibalulekileyo
- I-Eritrea likhaya leentlobo ngeentlobo zezilwanyana nezityalo, nto leyo eyenza kube a indawo yezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo.
- Ilizwe liseke amasebe kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yokukhusela iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo.
- Iindawo ezikhuselweyo, njengoSemienawi kunye noDebubawi Bahri, badlala indima ebalulekileyo iinzame zolondolozo.
- I-Eritrea ijongene nemingeni ekuphumezeni isiCwangciso-qhinga seSizwe seZityalo-ntlobo zeNdalo kunye nesiCwangciso sokuSebenza.
- Ukuqinisekisa ulondolozo olusebenzayo, ulungelelwaniso, ukwazisa, kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwezibonelelo kuyafuneka.
Iindawo eziphambili zeBiodiversity zase-Eritrea
I-Eritrea likhaya lezitshixo ezininzi iindawo zezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo edlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulondolozeni indalo yayo ekhethekileyo, iintlobo ngeentlobo neentlobo ngeentlobo zemfuza. Ezi ndawo zithandwa kakhulu ziquka:
- Semienawi kunye noDebubawi Bahri
- I-Buri-Irori-Hawakil
- Ichweba laseBerasole
- Gash-Setit Elephant Sanctuary
Nangona le mimandla ingafakwanga kwigazethi ngokusemthethweni, sele icaciswa imizobo yaza yabekwa kwimephu, ithatha malunga ne-150,000 yeehektare. Injongo kukukhusela kunye nokulondoloza indalo eyahlukeneyo kunye nezilwanyana zasendle ezifumaneka kuzo.
Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba kukho inkqubela elinganiselweyo malunga nokuchazwa kunye nolawulo lolawulo kwindawo ye-Buri Irri kunye ne-Hawakil. Ukuqinisekisa impumelelo yeenzame zolondolozo, kubalulekile ukuseka nokuphumeza izicwangciso zolawulo nezoshishino kuzo zonke iindawo ezikhuselweyo ezicetywayo.
Ukugcina i-Eritrea Ecosystems
Iindawo ezithandwa kakhulu yi-Eritrea zezityalo nezilwanyana zibalulekile ekugcineni ulungelelwano lwe-ikhosistim nokuxhasa ukuphila kweentlobo ngeentlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana. Ezi ndawo zisebenza njengendawo yokuhlala yezifo ezininzi kunye izilwanyana eziyingozi ezithembele kwii-ikhosistim ezizodwa ukuze ziphile.
Ngokugcina ezi ndawo zishushu, i-Eritrea inokukhusela iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezityebileyo kwaye ifake isandla kwiinzame zolondolozo lwehlabathi. Ukukhuselwa kwezi zixokelelwano zokuphilisana kwendalo akuyomfuneko kuphela kwi impilo yendawo Izityalo nezilwanyana kodwa nakwiyonke impilo yeplanethi.
Ukugcina iindawo zezityalo nezilwanyana zase-Eritrea kufuna inzame yentsebenziswano ebandakanya ii-arhente zikarhulumente, uluntu lwasekuhlaleni, kunye nemibutho yamazwe ngamazwe. Sikunye, sinokuqinisekisa ukuba ezi ndawo zihlala zikhuselekile kwizizukulwana ezizayo.
“Iintlobo ngeentlobo zeentlobo ngeentlobo zeemveliso – i-melk'A seb Aqli” eliguqulela ngokoqobo ngokuthi “ubuhle bomthi ngamagqabi awo yaye ubuhle bomntu kumonde.” Isaga sase-Eritrea
| Izinto eziphilayo ezahlukahlukeneyo | Ummandla (iihektare) |
|---|---|
| Semienawi kunye noDebubawi Bahri | 60,000 |
| I-Buri-Irori-Hawakil | 30,000 |
| Ichweba laseBerasole | 40,000 |
| Gash-Setit Elephant Sanctuary | 20,000 |
| Total | 150,000 |
IiMpumelelo ze-Eritrea kuLondolozo lweZityalo ezahlukeneyo
I-Eritrea iphumelele ngendlela emangalisayo ekulondolozeni izinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo ngokusekwa kweendawo ezikhuselweyo. Imizekelo emibini ephawulekayo yindawo ekhuselweyo yaseSemienawi kunye neDebubawi Bahri kunye neGash-Setit Elephant Sanctuary. Le mimandla iye yacaciswa ngobuchule yaza yabekwa kwimephu, ithatha malunga ne-150,000 yeehektare.
Ekhuselwe ngemiyalelo karhulumente, la manyathelo ajolise ekulungiseni oonobangela ilahleko yendalo, ukunciphisa uxinzelelo oluthe ngqo kwizilwanyana zasendle kunye ne-ecosystems, phucula iintlobo ezahlukeneyo, khulisa iinzuzo ezifumaneka kwintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo, kwaye zomeleze ukuqaliswa iinzame ngokucwangciswa kothatho-nxaxheba kunye nokuxhotyiswa ngezakhono.
Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ulawulo kunye nezicwangciso zoshishino kuzo zonke iindawo ezikhuselweyo ezicetywayo zisekwisigaba sophuhliso. Zakuba zisekiwe, ezi zicwangciso ziya kunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ziyasebenza kwaye ezizinzileyo ulondolozo lwendalo etyebileyo neyohlukeneyo yase-Eritrea.
Enye yeempumelelo eziphambili kwi Ulondolozo lwendalo e-Eritrea kukugcinwa kwendawo ekhuselweyo yaseSemienawi kunye neDebubawi Bahri kunye neGash-Setit Elephant Sanctuary. Ekubeni igubungela umhlaba omkhulu, le mimandla ikhuselweyo ikhokela kwiinzame zokukhusela izityalo nezilwanyana ezikhethekileyo zase-Eritrea. Ngokwenza iimephu ngononophelo kunye nokuchazwa, ezi ndawo zikhuselwe yimigaqo karhulumente. Ugxininiso oluzinikeleyo ekujonganeni noonobangela abasisiseko belahleko yezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo, ukuthomalalisa uxinzelelo oluthe ngqo kwi-ikhosistim kunye neentlobo, kunye nokomeleza iinzame zokuphumeza kubonisa ukuzibophelela kwe-Eritrea kulondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo.
“Iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo azipheleli nje ekusindiseni izilwanyana ezisengozini yokuphela, kodwa zikwaphathelele nenkqubo ebalulekileyo yendalo neenkonzo ezizinikelayo, njengomoya ococekileyo, amanzi, kunye neendawo eziphila kuzo. ukhuseleko lokutya. "
Ukusekwa kweendawo ezikhuselweyo e-Eritrea bubungqina bokuzinikela kwelizwe ekulondolozweni kwayo. ilifa lemveli. Ibeka isiseko solondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo zeli lizwe kunye nokukhusela iinkonzo ezixabisekileyo ze-ikholoji ezibonelelwa yile mimandla. Iinzame zokuphuhlisa ulawulo olubanzi kunye nezicwangciso zoshishino kuzo zonke iindawo ezikhuselweyo ezicetywayo ziya kuqinisa ngakumbi impumelelo ye-Eritrea yolondolozo kwaye iqinisekise ixesha elide. nokuzinza yendalo yayo.
Imingeni yase-Eritrea kuLondolozo lweZityalo ezahlukeneyo
I-Eritrea ijongene nemingeni emininzi kulondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Le mingeni ithintela iinzame zokukhusela nokulawula ngokuzinzileyo ubutyebi bezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo zelizwe.
1. Ukunqongophala koLwazi ngoLondolozo kunye noSetyenziso oluZinzileyo lweZintlobo-ntlobo zeNdalo
Omnye wemingeni ebalulekileyo lulwazi olunqongopheleyo phakathi kwabemi ngokubanzi malunga ne ukubaluleka yolondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo kunye nokusetyenziswa ngokuzinzileyo kwemithombo yayo. Oku kunqongophala kolwazi kuthintela iinzame zokubandakanya uluntu amalinge olondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo kunye nokuphumeza izenzo ezizinzileyo.
2. Ulungelelwaniso olunganelanga phakathi kwabachaphazelekayo
Ulungelelwaniso phakathi kwabachaphazelekayo ababandakanyekayo kwiinzame zolondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo alwanelanga. Ukunqongophala kolungelelwaniso olululo kukhokelela ekuphindaphindeni iinzame, ukwabiwa kwezibonelelo ezingasebenzi kakuhle, kunye nendlela ecandekileyo yolondolozo. Ukujongana nalo mngeni, kubalulekile ukuseka iindlela zolungelelwaniso ezisebenzayo ezikhuthaza intsebenziswano nokwabelana ngolwazi phakathi kwabachaphazelekayo.
3. Udityaniso olunganelanga lweMiba yeZityalo ezahlukeneyo kwiNqanaba leNgingqi
Omnye umceli-mngeni kukunganeli kokuhlanganiswa kwemiba yezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo kwinqanaba lengingqi. Uluntu lwasekuhlaleni ludlala indima ebalulekileyo kulondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo, njengoko kudla ngokuba ngabo abagcini bezinto eziphilayo Uvimba wendalo. Nangona kunjalo, ulwazi olunqongopheleyo kunye nokuqondwa kokubaluleka kwezinto ezahlukeneyo zebhayoloji kwinqanaba lengingqi kuthintela ukuphunyezwa ngempumelelo amanyathelo olondolozo.
4. Ulwazi olulinganiselwe lweTaxonomic
I-Eritrea ijongene nomceli mngeni malunga nolwazi olulinganiselwe lwe-taxonomic, ngakumbi malunga neentlobo ezingabonakaliyo kunye nezingafundiweyo. Lo msantsa wolwazi uchaphazela ukuqondwa kokusasazwa kweentlobo, ukuguquguquka kwabantu, kunye nokuchongwa kweentlobo ezisengozini. Ikwathintela uphuhliso lwezicwangciso eziliqili zolondolozo ezijoliswe kwiintlobo ezithile okanye iindawo zokuhlala.
5. Ukungonelanga kweZibonelelo
Ukungonelanga kwezemali nabasebenzi kubangela umngeni omkhulu kulondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo e-Eritrea. Inkxaso-mali enyiniweyo ithintela ukuphunyezwa kweenkqubo zolondolozo, ukusekwa nokulawulwa kweendawo ezikhuselweyo, kunye nokunyanzeliswa kwemithetho yezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo.
6. Ukubeka iliso noVavanyo olungonelanga
I-Eritrea ayinayo inkqubo ebanzi yokuhlola kunye novavanyo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo amalinge olondolozo. Lo msantsa wenza kube nzima ukuvavanya impumelelo yamanyathelo olondolozo, ukuchonga iindawo zokuphucula, kunye nokulinganisa inkqubela ekujoliswe kuyo kwiinjongo zolondolozo. Ukubeka iliso olomeleleyo kunye nesakhelo sovavanyo sinokunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinzame zolondolozo zisekelwe kubungqina kwaye ziyaziqhelanisa.
I-Eritrea kufuneka ijongane nale mingeni ngokuphucula ulungelelwaniso phakathi kwabachaphazelekayo, iphakamisa ulwazi malunga nokubaluleka kolondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo, ukubethelela iinzame zezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo kwinqanaba lengingqi, ukwandisa ulwazi lwe-taxonomic, ukudibanisa izibonelelo ngokufanelekileyo, nokuseka inkqubo ebanzi yokuhlola nokuvavanya.
ISicwangciso seSizwe se-Eritrea seZilwanyana zeNdalo kunye neSicwangciso sokuSebenza
I-Eritrea iphuhlise iSicwangciso seSizwe seZilwanyana zeNdalo kunye neSicwangciso sokuSebenza (i-NBSAP) esisebenza njengesakhelo esibanzi sokukhokela iinzame zayo kulondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo. I-NBSAP ehlaziyiweyo, ebandakanya ixesha elisuka ku-2014 ukuya ku-2020, iyabeka. buchule iinjongo kunye namanyathelo okujongana nemiba ecinezelayo ejikeleze ilahleko yezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo kunye i-ikhosistim ukuthotywa.
Ezona njongo ziphambili ze-NBSAP yase-Eritrea ziquka:
- Ukujongana noonobangela belahleko yeentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo: Iqhinga le-Eritrea lijolise ekuchongeni nasekunciphiseni imiba eyahlukeneyo enegalelo ekunciphiseni kweentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo, ezinjengokutshatyalaliswa kwendawo yokuhlala, ukusetyenziswa kobutyebi ngokungazinzanga, kunye imo iyatshintsha.
- Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo oluthe ngqo kwi-biodiversity: Isicwangciso somsebenzi sijonge ukunciphisa iimpembelelo ezinobungozi zemisebenzi yabantu kwi-ecosystem kunye neentlobo ngokuphumeza amanyathelo olondolozo olusebenzayo kunye nokukhuthaza. Uphuhliso oluphathekayo uqheliselo.
- Ukuphucula imeko yezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo ngokukhusela i-ikhosistim kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo: I-Eritrea iyakuqonda ukubaluleka kokulondoloza nokubuyisela i-ecosystem ukuze kugcinwe izityalo nezilwanyana ezisempilweni. I-NBSAP igxininisa ukukhuselwa kunye nolawulo lweendawo zokuhlala eziphambili kunye nokugcinwa kwezilwanyana ezisengozini.
- Ukuphucula iinzuzo ezivela kwizinto eziphilayo kunye Iinkonzo zendalo: Esi sicwangciso sigxininisa ukubaluleka kwezinto eziphilayo ekuxhaseni impilo-ntle yabantu kwaye sijolise ekwandiseni iingenelo ezifumaneka kwizinto eziphilayo, ezifana namanzi acocekileyo, ukuthunyelwa kwe-pollination kunye nokulawulwa kwemozulu.
- Ukuphucula ukuphunyezwa ngokucwangciswa kwentatho-nxaxheba kunye nokwakhiwa kwezakhono: I-Eritrea iyayibona imfuneko yeenzame zentsebenziswano kunye nokubandakanyeka kwabo bonke abachaphazelekayo kulondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo. I-NBSAP ikhuthaza intatho-nxaxheba, ukwabelana ngolwazi, kunye nokuxhotyiswa ngezakhono ukuqinisekisa ukuphunyezwa ngempumelelo kwamanyathelo olondolozo.
ISicwangciso seSizwe seZilwanyana zeNdalo kunye neSicwangciso sokuSebenza sidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuzibopheleleni kwe-Eritrea ekunciphiseni ilahleko yezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo nokukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa ngokuzinzileyo kwendalo. Ngokuphumeza amacebo achazwe kwisicwangciso, i-Eritrea izama ukukhusela iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezikhethekileyo ukuze kuxhamle isizukulwana sangoku nesexesha elizayo.
| IiNjongo zeQhinga | inkcazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukujongana noonobangela abasisiseko belahleko yezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo | Ukuphonononga kunye nokunciphisa izinto ezinegalelo ekunciphiseni kweentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo |
| Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo oluthe ngqo kwiintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo | Ukuphumeza amanyathelo okunciphisa iimpembelelo zomntu kwi-ikhosistim kunye neentlobo |
| Ukuphucula imeko yezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo ngokukhusela i-ikhosistim kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo | Ukukhusela iindawo zokuhlala eziphambili kunye nokulondoloza izilwanyana ezisengozini yokuphela |
| Ukuphucula izibonelelo ezivela kwiinkonzo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo | Ukukhuthaza ixabiso lezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo nokwandisa izibonelelo ze-ikhosistim |
| Ukuphucula ukuphunyezwa ngokucwangciswa kwentatho-nxaxheba kunye nokwakhiwa kwezakhono | Ukukhuthaza intsebenziswano, ukwabelana ngolwazi, kunye nophuhliso lwezakhono |
UMgaqo-nkqubo we-Eritrea kunye neNdlela yoLawulo kwiZilwanyana zeNdalo
I-Eritrea iyakuqonda ukubaluleka kokuphumeza imigaqo-nkqubo esebenzayo kunye nemibutho yolawulo ukuze kukhuselwe iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezityebileyo. Ilizwe liye laqulunqa uluhlu olubanzi lwemigaqo-nkqubo, amaqhinga kunye nezicwangciso ezikhokela iinzame zalo zokulondoloza. Oku kuquka umthetho ofana neNkqubo yeSizwe yokuNqanda ukuTyalwa kobuNtlango kunye nokunciphisa iziphumo zembalela, amaHlathi kunye UkuLondolozwa kwezilwanyana kunye nesiBhengezo soPhuhliso, uMgaqo-nkqubo woNxweme weSizwe, uMgaqo-nkqubo woSetyenziso loMhlaba, uMgaqo-nkqubo waManzi, kunye neSibhengezo sezokuLoba.
UMphathiswa wezoMhlaba, aManzi kunye okusingqongileyo (MoLWE) idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulungelelaniseni imisebenzi yolondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo nokongamela ukuphunyezwa kweNgqungquthela yeBiological Diversity (CBD) e-Eritrea. Ngale migaqo-nkqubo kunye neenzame ezizinikeleyo ze-MoLWE, i-Eritrea ijolise ekuqinisekiseni ulawulo oluzinzileyo kunye nokhuseleko lwendalo kunye neentlobo zayo ezahlukeneyo.
I-Eritrea iphinde yaqulunqa iSicwangciso seSizwe seZilwanyana zeNdalo kunye neSicwangciso sokuSebenza (i-NBSAP) esisebenza njengendlela yokuphumeza iinjongo zayo zolondolozo. I-NBSAP igqibele ukuhlaziywa ngowama-2015 ukuze ihambelane nezinto eziphambili eziphuhlayo zelizwe kunye nezibophelelo zamazwe ngamazwe. Ngokuqulunqa esi sicwangciso, i-Eritrea ibonisa ukuzibophelela kwayo ekugcineni intlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo kunye nokukhuthaza uphuhliso oluzinzileyo.
I-NBSAP iquka uluhlu lwamanyathelo acwangcisiweyo ajolise ekujonganeni nelahleko yezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo, ukunciphisa uxinzelelo oluthe ngqo kwi-ikhosistim, ukuphuculwa kwemeko yezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo, kunye nokuphucula izibonelelo zizonke ezifunyanwa kwimithombo yendalo. Igxininisa ukubaluleka kocwangciso lokuthatha inxaxheba kunye nokuxhotyiswa ngezakhono ukuze kuphunyezwe ngempumelelo kuwo onke amacandelo namanqanaba oluntu.
Umgaqo-nkqubo we-Eritrea kunye nendlela yolawulo ibonisa ukuzinikela kwesizwe ulondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Ukudityaniswa kwale migaqo-nkqubo kwisikhokelo solondolozo sase-Eritrea kugxininisa ukuzibophelela kwelizwe kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo kunye nempilo-ntle yexesha elide yabantu balo kunye nemithombo yobutyebi bendalo.
“Iseti ebanzi yemigaqo-nkqubo ye-Eritrea yeentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo kunye nemibutho yolawulo ivula indlela yeenzame zolondolozo olusebenzayo kunye nophuhliso oluzinzileyo. Ngokubeka phambili ukudityaniswa kwezinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo kumacandelo ahlukeneyo, i-Eritrea ijolise ekukhuseleni ilifa lendalo kunye nokuqinisekisa ikamva elizinzileyo. "
Imigaqo-nkqubo ePhambili kunye noMthetho
| Umgaqo-nkqubo/uMthetho | inkcazelo |
|---|---|
| Inkqubo yeSizwe yokuSebenza yokuLwa ubuntlango kunye nokuthomalalisa iziphumo zembalela | Ijolise ekuthinteleni nasekunciphiseni ukuthotywa komhlaba, ukuba yintlango, kunye nembalela ngokuzinzileyo ulawulo lomhlaba uqheliselo. |
| UkuLondolozwa kwamaHlathi kunye neZilwanyana zaseNdle kunye nesiBhengezo soPhuhliso | Ibonelela ngenkqubo-sikhokelo esemthethweni yokhuseleko nolawulo oluzinzileyo lwamahlathi nezilwanyana zasendle, iqinisekisa ulondolozo lwazo ukwenzela izizukulwana ezizayo. |
| Umgaqo-nkqubo weSizwe wonxweme | Ikhokela ukusetyenziswa ngokuzinzileyo kunye nolawulo lwemimandla engaselunxwemeni kunye nemithombo yolwandle, ukukhusela iyantlukwano elwandle kunye nokukhuthaza ukomelela konxweme. |
| Umgaqo-nkqubo wokusetyenziswa komhlaba | Ulawula ulwabiwo kunye nolawulo lwemithombo yomhlaba, ukukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa komhlaba okuzinzileyo izenzo kunye nokukhusela i-ikhosistim ebalulekileyo. |
| Umgaqo-nkqubo waManzi | Ichaza imigaqo kunye nezikhokelo zozinzo ulawulo lobutyebi bamanzi, ukuqinisekisa ukufikelela ngokulinganayo kumanzi acocekileyo kunye nokuxhasa impilo ye-ikhosistim. |
| ISibhengezo sokuLoba | Ulawula ukusetyenziswa nokulawulwa kwemithombo yokuloba, ukukhuthaza izenzo zokuloba ezizinzileyo kunye nolondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana zaselwandle. |
Iinjongo ze-Eritrea kunye namabhongo oLondolozo lweZityalo ezahlukahlukeneyo
I-NBSAP yase-Eritrea eHlaziyiweyo (yowama-2014-2020) imisela isakhelo esipheleleyo seenjongo kunye neenjongo ezijolise ekulondolozeni nasekomelezeni iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezityebileyo zelizwe. Iinjongo zeSicwangciso seSizwe soBuchule beZityalo ezahlukeneyo kunye neSicwangciso sokuSebenza sibandakanya iinkqubo ezintathu ezihlukeneyo zendalo ephilayo: indalo ephilayo esemhlabeni, ulwandle lwaselwandle kunye izilwanyana ezahlukeneyo zesiqithi, kunye ne-agro-biodiversity.
Kwindalo ephilayo esemhlabeni, eyona njongo iphambili ye-Eritrea kukubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili senkqubo yendalo ewohlokileyo. Ngokubuyisela ezi nkqubo, ilizwe lijolise ekukhuseleni nasekukhuthazeni iintlobo ngeentlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana ezihlala kuzo. Ngeenzame zolondolozo, i-Eritrea ifuna ukukhusela i-ikhosistim yayo eyodwa ngelixa ikwajongana noxinzelelo olunegalelo kwilahleko yezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo.
Kulwandle oluselunxwemeni nakwiziqithi zebhayoloji ezahlukeneyo, i-Eritrea izinikele ekulondolozweni nasekulawuleni ngendlela eyiyo ubutyebi bayo baselwandle. Ilizwe liyakuqonda ukubaluleka kokukhusela indalo yonxweme, kuquka iingxondorha zekorale, iibhedi zengca yolwandle, namahlathi e<em>mangrove. Ngokuphumeza izenzo zolawulo oluzinzileyo, i-Eritrea izama ukulondoloza ezi ndawo zokuhlala zibalulekileyo kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo zezilwanyana zaselwandle ezixhasayo.
Ukongeza, i-Eritrea ijolise ekuqinisekiseni usetyenziso oluzinzileyo lwemithombo yezityalo nezilwanyana zezolimo. Ilizwe liyayiqonda indima ebalulekileyo edlalwa zizityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo kwezolimo ekuboneleleni ngokhuseleko lokutya nokuxhasa amaphandle iindlela zokuphila. Ngokusebenzisa iindlela zokulima ezizinzileyo kunye nokukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezityalo, i-Eritrea ifuna ukugcina imveliso kunye nokomelela kweenkqubo zayo zolimo.
ULondolozo lweZityalo ezahlukeneyo e-Eritrea – IiNjongo eziPhambili
- Ukubuyiselwa kwisimo sangaphambili sokonakala kwenkqubo yendalo esemhlabeni
- Ulondolozo nolawulo lwezityalo nezilwanyana eziselunxwemeni, zaselwandle neziqithi
- Ukusetyenziswa okuzinzileyo kwemithombo yezityalo nezilwanyana zezolimo
Ukuzinikela kwe-Eritrea ekugcineni iyantlukwano yebhayoloji kunabela ngaphaya kolondolozo lwendalo kunye neentlobo zendalo. Ilizwe likwagxininisa usetyenziso olunenkathalo nolulinganayo lwemithombo yalo yemfuza. Ngokukhuthaza ukwabelana ngokulinganayo nangokulinganayo ngeenzuzo ezivela kusetyenziso lwemithombo yofuzo, i-Eritrea ifuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba uluntu lwasekuhlaleni kunye nesizwe siphela sifumana umvuzo wemizamo yolondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo.
Ngokusebenzisa ezi njongo zamabhongo kunye neenjongo, i-Eritrea ibonisa ukuzinikela kwayo ekuzinzeni kwexesha elide lelifa lendalo layo. Ngokugcina iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo kunye nokukhuthaza izenzo ezizinzileyo, ilizwe lizama ukukhusela indalo yalo, ukukhusela indalo yalo. iintlobo zemveli, kunye nokudala unxulumano olunemvisiswano ngakumbi phakathi kwabantu kunye nokusingqongileyo.
| Ecosystems | Goals |
|---|---|
| Iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezisemhlabeni | Ukubuyiselwa kwisimo sangaphambili senkqubo yendalo eyonakeleyo |
| Ulwandle lwaseLwandle kunye neZilwanyana zeSiqithi | Ulondolozo nolawulo lwemithombo yolwandle |
| I-Agro-biodiversity | Ukusetyenziswa okuzinzileyo kwezibonelelo zezityalo nezilwanyana zezolimo |
Isidingo se-Eritrea sokuPhunyezwa okuFanelekileyo
Ukulawula ngempumelelo nokuphumeza iSicwangciso seSizwe seZilwanyana zeNdalo kunye neSicwangciso sokuSebenza (i-NBSAP), i-Eritrea kufuneka iphucule ulungelelwaniso, iphakamise ulwazi, kunye neenzame zezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo phakathi kwabachaphazelekayo abohlukeneyo. Uphumezo olusebenzayo lufuna ukuxhotyiswa ngezakhono, ulungelelwaniso lwemisebenzi, ukuhlanganisa izixhobo zokusebenza, nokubekwa kweliso novavanyo. Ngokuqinisa le miba, i-Eritrea inokufikelela kwiinjongo zayo kulondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo kwaye iqinisekise ukuzinza kwexesha elide lezinto eziphilayo kunye neentlobo zayo.
Ulungelelaniso kunye noKwazisa
Ulondolozo olusebenzayo lwezityalo nezilwanyana e-Eritrea luxhomekeke ekuphuculweni kolungelelwaniso nentsebenziswano phakathi kwabaphathiswa abafanelekileyo, amaziko kunye noluntu. I-Eritrea idinga ukuseka isakhelo esomeleleyo sokwabelana ngolwazi, ukutshintshiselana ngolwazi, kunye nokwenziwa kwezigqibo ngokubambisana. Ngokumisela intsebenziswano kunye nokomeleza iindlela zolungelelwaniso, ilizwe linokwandisa amandla alo okuphumeza i-NBSAP kunye nokujongana nemingeni yelahleko yezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo.
I-Eritrea kufuneka kwakhona ibeke phambili ukwazisa ngokubaluleka kolondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo kunye nekhonkco layo kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo phakathi kwawo onke amacandelo oluntu. Ngokukhuthaza imfundo kunye namanyathelo okufikelela eluntwini, i-Eritrea inokuxhobisa uluntu ukuba luthathe inxaxheba ngokubonakalayo kwiinzame zolondolozo kunye nokuxhasa ukuphunyezwa kwe-NBSAP.
Ukubaluleka kwezinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo
Ukuthathela ingqalelo ukuqwalaselwa kwezinto ezahlukeneyo zebhayoloji kumacandelo ahlukeneyo kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo kubalulekile ukuze kuphunyezwe ngempumelelo i-NBSAP e-Eritrea. Ukudityaniswa kwezinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo isicwangciso sophuhliso, ulawulo lokusetyenziswa komhlaba, kunye ifuthe kwindalo esingqongileyo Uhlolo luya kwandisa amandla elizwe okugcina nokusebenzisa ngokuzinzileyo ubutyebi balo bendalo.
I-Eritrea ifanele ikhuthaze ukubandakanywa kokuqwalaselwa kwezinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo kwimigaqo-nkqubo efanelekileyo, efana nezolimo, ukuloba, amahlathi, kunye nokhenketho. Ngokulungelelanisa imigaqo-nkqubo yecandelo kunye neenjongo zolondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo, i-Eritrea inokuqinisekisa ukuba uphuhliso loqoqosho lulandelwa ngendlela ezinzileyo nenoxanduva lokusingqongileyo.
Ukuxhotyiswa ngezakhono kunye nokuQuquzelo lweZibonelelo
Ukuphumeza i-NBSAP ngokufanelekileyo, i-Eritrea kufuneka ibeke phambili amalinge okuxhobisa ngolwazi oluphucula ubuchule bobugcisa, ukudluliselwa kolwazi, nophuhliso lwezakhono phakathi kwabachaphazelekayo abafanelekileyo. Oku kubandakanya uqeqesho iinkqubo zamagosa karhulumente, amagcisa olondolozo lwendalo, kunye noluntu lwasekuhlaleni ukuphucula ukuqonda kwabo ulondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo neendlela zokulawula.
Ukongeza, i-Eritrea kufuneka ifune intsebenziswano kwaye iphonononge iindlela ezintsha zokuxhasa ngemali ukuhlanganisa izixhobo eziyimfuneko zolondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo. Oku kunokubandakanya ukunxibelelana nemibutho yamazwe ngamazwe, abaxhasi bamazwe amabini, kunye namaqumrhu ecandelo labucala ukuze kufumaneke inkxaso-mali nenkxaso yobugcisa ukuze kuphunyezwe i-NBSAP.
Ukubeka iliso kunye noVavanyo
Ukubeka iliso rhoqo kunye novavanyo lwemisebenzi yolondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo zibalulekile kumlinganiselo wenkqubela-phambili, ukuchonga izikhewu, kunye nokwenza izigqibo ezizizo ukuze kuphunyezwe ngempumelelo. I-Eritrea ifanele imisele iinkqubo zokuhlola ezomeleleyo zokuhlola imeko ye-ikhosistim, iintlobo, neyantlukwano yemfuza, kunye nokusebenza kwamanyathelo olondolozo.
Ngokutyala imali kwiinkqubo zokubeka iliso kunye nokuvavanya, i-Eritrea inokuqokelela ulwazi oluqhutywa yidatha ukwazisa ukuthathwa kwezigqibo ezisekelwe kubungqina kunye nokulungelelanisa izicwangciso zolondolozo ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kuya kwandisa amandla elizwe okulandelela inkqubela-phambili ekufikeleleni kwiinjongo zalo zolondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo nokuqinisekisa ukuba izibonelelo kunye neenzame zabiwa ngokufanelekileyo.
Ukuphumeza i-NBSAP kubalulekile kwi-Eritrea ukuze ikhusele iintlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana ezityebileyo kwaye iqinisekise impilo-ntle yezinto zayo eziphilayo nezityalo nezilwanyana. Ngokuphucula ulungelelwaniso, ukuphakamisa ulwazi, ukuthathela ingqalelo ukuqwalaselwa kwezinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo, ukwakha amandla, ukuhlanganisa izixhobo zokusebenza, kunye nokuphumeza iinkqubo eziqinileyo zokubeka iliso kunye novavanyo, i-Eritrea inokulawula ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ikhusele indalo yayo eyahlukeneyo kwizizukulwana ezizayo.
isiphelo
Ukutyhubela iminyaka, i-Eritrea iye yabonakalisa ukuzinikela okuncomekayo kulondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Ukusekwa kweendawo ezikhuselweyo, ukuqulunqwa kwemigaqo-nkqubo nezicwangciso eziliqili, kunye nokuphunyezwa kwesiCwangciso-qhinga seSizwe seZityalo-ntlobo zeNdalo kunye nesiCwangciso sokuSebenza zibubungqina bokuzibophelela kwelizwe ekugcineni ilifa lalo elityebileyo lendalo. Le migudu ngokungathandabuzekiyo ibe negalelo ekukhuselweni kwezityalo nezilwanyana ezikhethekileyo zase-Eritrea.
Nangona kunjalo, imingeni isahleli kwindlela eya kulondolozo olusebenzayo. Kukho imfuneko engxamisekileyo yokujongana nokunqongophala kolwazi, ulungelelwaniso olunganelanga, kunye nezibonelelo ezinyiniweyo ezithintela inkqubela. Ngokujongana nale miqobo kunye nokuphucula ukuphunyezwa kwamanyathelo olondolozo, i-Eritrea inokomeleza ngakumbi ukuzinikela kwayo kulondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo.
Ukuqhubela phambili, i-Eritrea kufuneka iqhubeke neenzame zayo ngokomelela kunye nokuzimisela. Ngokuphakamisa ulwazi, ukukhuthaza ulungelelwaniso phakathi kwabachaphazelekayo, kunye nokwabiwa kwemithombo yobutyebi eyaneleyo, ilizwe linokoyisa le mingeni kwaye livule indlela yozinzo lwexesha elide lwenkqubo yalo yendalo kunye nolondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezixabisekileyo. Ukuzinikela kwe-Eritrea kulondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo kuya kuqinisekisa ukhuseleko oluqhubekayo lobutyebi bayo bendalo ukuze buxhamle izizukulwana ezizayo.
FAQ
Injani imeko yolondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo e-Eritrea?
I-Eritrea yenze iinzame ezibalulekileyo kulondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo ngokusekwa kweendawo ezikhuselweyo, uphuhliso lwemigaqo-nkqubo kunye namaqhinga, kunye nokuphunyezwa kweSicwangciso seSizwe seZilwanyana zeNdalo kunye nesiCwangciso sokuSebenza.
Zeziphi ezona ndawo ziphambili zezityalo nezilwanyana e-Eritrea?
Ezona ndawo ziphambili zezityalo nezilwanyana e-Eritrea ziquka iSemienawi kunye neDebubawi Bahri, iBuri-Irori-Hawakil, ichweba laseBerasole, kunye neGash-Setit Elephant Sanctuary.
Ziziphi iimpumelelo ezizuzwe yi-Eritrea kulondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo?
I-Eritrea iphumelele impumelelo kulondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo ngokusekwa kweendawo ezikhuselweyo, eziquka iSemienawi neDebubawi Bahri, kunye neGash-Setit Elephant Sanctuary.
Yeyiphi imingeni i-Eritrea ejongene nayo kulondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo?
I-Eritrea ijongene nocelomngeni kulondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo, ezifana nokunqongophala kolwazi, ulungelelwaniso olunganelanga, kunye nemithombo yobutyebi elinganiselweyo.
Yintoni iSicwangciso seSizwe se-Eritrea seZilwanyana zeNdalo kunye nesiCwangciso sokuSebenza?
ISicwangciso sokuSebenza seSizwe se-Eritrea se-Biodiversity Strategy (NBSAP) luxwebhu olusisikhokelo olujolise ekujonganeni noonobangela abasisiseko belahleko yezityalo nezilwanyana, ukunciphisa uxinzelelo oluthe ngqo kwintlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo, ukuphucula imeko yezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo, ukomeleza iingenelo ezivela kwizityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo, kunye nokuphucula ukuphunyezwa ngokucwangciswa kwenxaxheba kunye ukuxhotyiswa ngezakhono.
Uthini umgaqo-nkqubo we-Eritrea kunye nendlela yokulawula kwizinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo?
I-Eritrea inemigaqo-nkqubo eyahlukahlukeneyo, izicwangciso, kunye nezicwangciso ezikhoyo zokulawula iinzame zayo zolondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo, kuquka iNkqubo yokuSebenza yeSizwe yokuNqanda ubuNtlango, ukuLondolozwa kwamaHlathi kunye neZilwanyana zaseNdle kunye nesiBhengezo soPhuhliso, uMgaqo-nkqubo woNxweme weSizwe, uMgaqo-nkqubo woSetyenziso loMhlaba, uMgaqo-nkqubo waManzi, kunye neSibhengezo sezokuLoba.
Ziziphi iinjongo kunye namabhongo e-Eritrea olondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo?
I-Eritrea inenjongo yokulondoloza iyantlukwano yebhayoloji, isebenzise izibonelelo zayo zebhayoloji ngokuzinzileyo, kwaye iqinisekise ukwabelana ngokulinganayo nangokulinganayo ngeenzuzo ezivela kusetyenziso lwemithombo yemfuza.
Yintoni imfuno ye-Eritrea yokuphunyezwa ngempumelelo kulondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo?
Ukuze ifikelele usukelo lwayo kulondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo, i-Eritrea kufuneka iphucule ulungelelwaniso, ikhulise ulwazi, ize iphumeze ngempumelelo amacebo nezicwangciso zayo.
Ukuqukumbela, ithini imeko yangoku yolondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana e-Eritrea?
I-Eritrea yenze inkqubela ebonakalayo kulondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Nangona kunjalo, imingeni efana nokunqongophala kolwazi, ulungelelwaniso olunganelanga, kunye nemithombo enqongopheleyo kufuneka iqwalaselwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuzinza kwexesha elide le-ikhosistim kunye neentlobo zayo.
