I-Burundi Biodiversity: Izilwanyana kunye neZityalo zeZilwanyana kunye neNtoni ephantsi koMngcipheko

Burundi likhaya kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezilwanyana nezityalo, nto leyo eyenza kube a eziphilayo indawo enkulu eMpuma Afrika. Ilizwe liqhayisa ngezinto ezahlukahlukeneyo Zasendle, kuquka iindidi zezityalo ezingama-2,950 596, iindidi zeentaka ezingama-163, iintlobo zezilwanyana ezanyisayo ezili-52, iindidi zezilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo ezingama-56, iindidi ezingama-215 zezilwanyana ezihlala emanzini nasemanzini, neentlobo zentlanzi ezingama-XNUMX. Nangona kunjalo, ubukho bezi ntlobo zezilwanyana busengozini ngenxa yoxinzelelo lwabemi, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi kunye nezolimo.

• IBurundi yi indawo yezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo, ezinoluhlu olubanzi lwezilwanyana nezityalo.
• Izilwanyana zasendle zeli lizwe zisengozini ngenxa yezinto ezahlukahlukeneyo, kuquka uxinzelelo lwabemi, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi nokulima.
• Kuphela malunga ne-5% yomhlaba waseBurundi okhuselweyo, kunye neepaki ezintathu zelizwe kunye neendawo ezine zokugcina.
• Imingcipheko kwizinto eziphilayo zaseBurundi ziquka ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, imililo yamatyholo, amanzi ngco liseko, ukuzingela ngokungekho mthethweni, iintlobo ezihlaselayo, kunye imo iyatshintsha.
• Ilizwe lenze iinzame zokukhusela izityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo ngokusekwa kwe iindawo ezikhuselweyo kunye nokwamkelwa kweSicwangciso soBuchule seSizwe seZityalo ezohlukeneyo kunye nesiCwangciso sokuSebenza.

Ukuphononongwa kweZityalo Ezahlukeneyo zaseBurundi

IBurundi ineentlobo ngeentlobo zezityalo ezingama-2,950 596, iindidi zeentaka ezingama-163, iintlobo zezilwanyana ezanyisayo ezili-52, iindidi ezingama-56 zezilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo, ezingama-215 zeentlobo zezilwanyana ezihlala emanzini nasemanzini, neentlobo ezingama-XNUMX zeentlanzi, iBurundi iqhayisa ngeentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Iintlobo ngeentlobo zelizwe zendalo xhasa uluhlu olubanzi lwe Izityalo nezilwanyana, okwenza kube yindawo yokukhangela abaphandi kunye indalo abathanda ngokufanayo.

Uhlaza lwaseBurundi luquka iindidi zezityalo ezingama-2,950 XNUMX eziphawulekayo, nezifumaneka kwiindawo eziphakamileyo. Ezi zityalo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuxhaseni i-ikhosistim yeli lizwe kunye nokubonelela ngeendawo zokuhlala kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezilwanyana.

Xa kuthethwa ngezilwanyana, iBurundi ilikhaya leentlobo zezilwanyana ezanyisayo ezili-163, iindidi ezingama-52 zezilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo neentlobo ezingama-56 zezilwanyana ezihlala emanzini. Ezi zilwanyana zinegalelo kwi ibhalansi yendalo kunye negalelo kwinto yonke impilo kwi-ikhosistim yelizwe.

Iinzame zokubhala kunye isifundo iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo eBurundi zikhokelele ekufunyanisweni okuphawulekayo nasekuqondweni okubhetele kobudlelwane obuntsonkothileyo phakathi kwezidalwa. Uphando lweBiodiversity eBurundi incede ekuchongeni isitshixo iindawo zezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo, ukwenza ekujoliswe kuko iinzame zolondolozo.

Ukubaluleka koLondolozo lweZityalo ezahlukahlukeneyo zaseBurundi

Ukukhusela intlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo zaseBurundi kubalulekile kuzinzo lwexesha elide lwenkqubo yayo yendalo. Noko ke, izilwanyana zasendle zaseBurundi ziye zancitshiswa kakhulu ngenxa yengcinezelo yabemi, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi nemisebenzi yokulima. Okwangoku, malunga ne-5% kuphela yelizwe ekhuselweyo ngeepaki ezintathu zesizwe kunye neendawo ezine zokulondoloza.

Izisongelo kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo eBurundi zininzi yaye zahlukene. Ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, okuqhutywa kukwandiswa kwezolimo kunye Ukufudukela kwabantu ezidolophini, ibeka umngcipheko omkhulu kwizinto eziphilayo zelizwe. Imililo yasehlathini, eyendalo kunye nebangelwa ngabantu, iqhubela phambili ukuwohloka kweendawo zokuhlala. Ungcoliseko lwamanzi, olubangelwa yimisebenzi yemizi-mveliso kunye nolawulo olungafanelekanga lwenkunkuma, nalo lwenzakalisa izilwanyana zasemanzini kunye neendawo zazo zokuhlala.

Ukuzingela ngokungekho mthethweni, okuqhutywa lurhwebo olungekho mthethweni lwezilwanyana zasendle, kusesisisongelo esizingileyo ekusindeni kwe izilwanyana eziyingozi eBurundi. Iintlobo ezihlaselayo, eziveliswe ngemisebenzi yabantu, zikhuphisana nezihluma zendalo kunye nezilwanyana, ziphazamisa ulungelelwaniso oluthambileyo lwendalo. Ukongeza, iimpembelelo zokutshintsha kwemozulu, ezinje ngokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu kunye nokutshintsha kweepateni zemvula, ziqhubela phambili ubunzima bezityalo nezilwanyana zaseBurundi.

Ukulwa nezi zoyikiso, iBurundi ithathe amanyathelo okomeleza ukuqaliswa yeNgqungquthela yeBiological Diversity. Ilizwe liseke imimandla ekhuselweyo laze lamkela iSicwangciso seSizwe seZityalo-ntlobo zeNdalo kunye nesiCwangciso sokuSebenza ukuze sikhokhele nokugcinwa imizamo. Nangona kunjalo, imali enqongopheleyo kunye nabasebenzi ithintele inkqubela phambili ekusombululeni imingeni ngempumelelo.

isishwankathelo

Izinto eziphilayo eBurundi zibonakala ngeentlobo ngeentlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana. Ekubeni kukho iindidi zezityalo ezingama-2,950 596, iindidi zeentaka ezingama-163, iintlobo zezilwanyana ezanyisayo ezili-52, iintlobo zezilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo ezingama-56, iindidi ezingama-215 zezilwanyana ezihlala emanzini nasemanzini, neentlobo zentlanzi ezingama-XNUMX, izinto eziphilayo zeli lizwe zinyakazela kwizinto eziphilayo. Noko ke, isantya esikhawulezileyo sokugawulwa kwamahlathi, ezolimo nezinye izinto ezenziwa ngabantu ziyingozi enkulu kwezi ntlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo.

Iinzame zokufunda nokukhusela intlobo-ntlobo yezityalo nezilwanyana zaseBurundi ikhokelele kwiziphumo ezibalulekileyo kunye nokuchongwa kweendawo eziphambili ezithandwa kakhulu. Amanyathelo olondolozo, kuqukwa nokusekwa kweepaki zesizwe kunye neendawo zogcino, kodwa imiqobo yemali neyabasebenzi iyayithintela inkqubela. Kubalulekile ukubeka phambili ukuphunyezwa kwe ezizinzileyo amacebo olondolozo ukukhusela indalo yaseBurundi ukwenzela izizukulwana ezizayo.

Flora	izilwanyana	Amanyathelo oLondolozo
Iindidi ezingama-2,950 zezityalo	Iindidi ezingama-163 zezilwanyana ezanyisayo	Ukusekwa kweendawo ezikhuselweyo
Iintlobo zezityalo ezingama-21 ezisesichengeni	Iindidi ezingama-52 zezilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo	Ukwamkelwa kweSicwangciso seSizwe seZilwanyana zeNdalo kunye nesiCwangciso sokuSebenza
Ngama-22 eentlobo zezityalo ezisengozini	Iintlobo ezingama-56 zezilwanyana ezihlala emanzini	Imingeni ekuphunyezweni kwayo ngenxa yokunqongophala kwezibonelelo
Zili-101 ezisesichengeni sezilwanyana ezanyisayo, iintaka nezilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo

Izisongelo kwiZityalo Ezahlukahlukeneyo zaseBurundi

Ngelishwa, iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo zaseBurundi ziphantsi kwesisongelo esikhulu kwizinto ezifana noxinzelelo lwabemi, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, kunye nokwanda kwezolimo. Ubutyebi bezityalo nezilwanyana zelo lizwe, eziquka iindidi zezityalo ezingama-2,950 596, iindidi zeentaka ezingama-163, iintlobo zezilwanyana ezanyisayo ezili-52, iintlobo zezilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo ezingama-56, iintlobo ezingama-215 zezilwanyana ezihlala emanzini nasemanzini, kunye neentlobo ezingama-XNUMX zeentlanzi, zijamelene nocelomngeni olungazange lubonwe ngaphambili.

Ukutshatyalaliswa kwamahlathi kusisongelo esikhulu kwizinto eziphilayo zaseBurundi. Ukucocwa kwe amahlathi kwezolimo neenkuni zokubasa kukhokelele ilahleko yendawo yokuhlala, echaphazela iintlobo ngeentlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana. Ukongeza, imililo yamatyholo, ibisoloko iqalwa ngabom ukuze kucocwe umhlaba, yenza mandundu ngakumbi ukutshatyalaliswa kwendalo kunye nokulahleka kweentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo.

Ungcoliseko lwamanzi sesinye isisongelo esibalulekileyo. Imisebenzi yezolimo kunye neenkqubo zolawulo lwenkunkuma ezingonelanga zinegalelo ekosulelweni kwemithombo yamanzi, okuchaphazela iintlobo zasemanzini kunye neendawo zazo zokuhlala. Ungcoliseko aluchaphazeli nje kuphela inani leentlanzi kodwa lukwaphazamisa ulungelelwaniso olucekethekileyo lwalo lonke uhlobo lwasemanzini. i-ikhosistim.

Ukuzingela ngokungekho mthethweni, okuphenjelelwa lurhwebo olungekho mthethweni lwezilwanyana zasendle, nako kuyingozi kwizinto eziphilayo zaseBurundi. Iindidi ezisengozini yokuphela njengeendlovu, imikhombe, kunye neeprimates zijoliswe ngokukhethekileyo kumalungu abalulekileyo omzimba kunye nolusu. Imfuno ekhulayo yezi mveliso yongeza ngakumbi uxinzelelo kubemi abasele besengozini.

Izilwanyana ezihlaselayo, eziveliswa ngemisebenzi yabantu, ziyingozi enkulu eBurundi iyantlukwano yendalo. Ezi zityalo zingezozamthonyama zodlula izityalo nezilwanyana eziyinzalelwane, ziphazamisa ulungelelwaniso lwendalo ephilayo kwaye kukhokelela ekwehleni kwezityalo nezilwanyana. zomthonyama iintlobo. Iinzame zokulawula nokuphelisa ezi zinto zihlaselayo zibalulekile ukuze kulondolozwe iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo zaseBurundi.

Izisongelo kwiZityalo Ezahlukahlukeneyo zaseBurundi	igalelo
Ukutshatyalaliswa kwamahlathi	Ukulahleka kwendawo yokuhlala, ilahleko yezityalo neentlobo zezilwanyana
Imililo yasehlathini	Ukutshatyalaliswa kwezinto eziphilayo, ukulahleka kwezinto eziphilayo
Ungcoliseko lwamanzi	Ungcoliseko lwemithombo yamanzi, ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo yendalo yasemanzini
Ukuzingela ngokungekho mthethweni	Ukuhla kweentlobo ezisengozini yokuphela, ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo yendalo
Iintlobo ezihlaselayo	Ukufuduka of iintlobo zemveli, ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo yendalo

“Ulondolozo lweentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo zaseBurundi lubalulekile ekulondolozweni kwenkqubo yendalo kunye nendalo. Uphuhliso oluphathekayo yelizwe. Kufuna umgudu ohlangeneyo wokulungisa izoyikiso ezibangelwa luxinzelelo lwabemi, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, ezolimo, ukungcoliseka kwamanzi, ukuzingelwa ngokungekho mthethweni, kunye neentlobo zezilwanyana ezihlaselayo. Kuphela kumanyathelo olondolozo asebenzayo esinokuthi siqinisekise ukusinda kwezityalo nezilwanyana zaseBurundi ezikhethekileyo nezingenakubuyiselwa.”

Ukuqukumbela, izoyikiso kwizinto eziphilayo zaseBurundi zininzi yaye zifuna ingqalelo ekhawulezileyo. Iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezityebileyo zeli lizwe, kuquka iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezihlala zikho kunye nenkqubo yendalo eyodwa, zisemngciphekweni. Nangona kunjalo, iinzame ezihlangeneyo, ezinjengokusekwa kweendawo ezikhuselweyo kunye nokwamkelwa kweSicwangciso seSizwe seBiodiversity kunye neSicwangciso sokuSebenza, kubonisa ukuzinikela ekulondolozeni iBurundi. ilifa lemveli. Ngokujongana noonobangela abasisiseko be ilahleko yendalo kunye nokuphumeza izenzo ezizinzileyo, sinokuzikhusela izilwanyana zasendle ezixabisekileyo zaseBurundi nezinto eziphilayo ezifumaneka kwizizukulwana ezizayo.

Izinto Ezichaphazela Izityalo Ezahlukahlukeneyo zaseBurundi

Ukutshatyalaliswa kwamahlathi, ukutsha kwamatyholo, ukungcoliswa kwamanzi nokuzingela ngokungekho mthethweni ngoothunywashe abaphambili abafak’ isandla ekuwohlokeni kweentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo zaseBurundi. Le misebenzi ibeka imingcipheko ebalulekileyo kwizilwanyana zasendle zelizwe nakwinkqubo yendalo esingqongileyo, nto leyo ebeka emngciphekweni ulungelelwaniso oluthambileyo lwalo. Iindawo zokuhlala zendalo. Makhe sihlolisise ngenyameko nganye yezi nkalo.

Ukutshatyalaliswa kwamahlathi: Ukugawulwa kwamahlathi kuxhaphakile eBurundi, ngokuyintloko kuqhutywa yimfuneko yomhlaba wokulima nokuveliswa kwamalahle. Oku kukhokelele kwilahleko ebalulekileyo yendawo yokuhlala kwiintlobo ezininzi zezinto eziphilayo, oku kuzityhalela kumngcipheko wokuphela. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwamahlathi kukwawuphazamisa umjikelo wokusetyenziswa kwamanzi emanzini, kuchaphazela ukuchuma komhlaba, yaye kwandisa umngcipheko wezikhukula nokhukuliseko.

Imililo yasendle: Imililo yamatyholo engalawulekiyo, edla ngokubangelwa zizenzo zabantu, isisisongelo esiqatha kwizinto eziphilayo zaseBurundi. Le mililo itshabalalisa iindawo zokuhlala zendalo, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuphulukaneni neentlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana. Kwakhona zinegalelo ekukhupheleni ikharbon diokside emoyeni, nto leyo eyenza utshintsho lwemozulu lube mandundu.

Ungcoliseko lwaManzi: Ungcoliso oluphuma kwinkunkuma ephuma kwimizi-mveliso, ukulahlwa kwenkunkuma yezolimo, nokulahlwa kwenkunkuma ngokungafanelekanga kuyayingcolisa imithombo yamanzi yaseBurundi, nto leyo esongela inkqubo yendalo yasemanzini nezityalo ezixhomekeke kuyo. Amanqanaba aphezulu ongcoliseko anokukhokelela ekulahlekeni kweentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo, kwakunye neempembelelo ezimbi zempilo ebantwini nakwizilwanyana ngokufanayo.

Ukuzingela: Ukuzingela ngokungekho mthethweni kwezilwanyana zasendle ukuze kufumaneke inyama yasendle, iindebe nokuthengiswa kwezilwanyana ezifuywayo kumazwe angaphandle kuye kwatshabalalisa iindidi ezininzi eBurundi. Ukuzingela ngokungekho mthethweni kuchaphazela kakhulu izilwanyana ezinomdla ezifana neendlovu, imikhombe kunye neeprimates, kodwa kuneziphumo ezibi kakhulu kwiintlobo ezingaziwayo ezidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwindalo.

Ukujongana nezi zinto kunye nokuqinisekisa ulondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana zaseBurundi zibalulekile kwixesha elide. nokuzinza kwi-ikhosistim yelizwe. Iinzame zokulwa nokutshatyalaliswa kwamahlathi ziquka ukusekwa kweendawo ezikhuselweyo, ukutshatyalaliswa kwamahlathi iinkqubo, kunye nokwazisa ezolimo ezizinzileyo izenzo. Ngokufanayo, amanyathelo okuthintela ukutsha kwamatyholo, ukunciphisa ukungcoliswa kwamanzi, nokulwa nokuzingela ngokungekho mthethweni kubalulekile ukuze kukhuselwe izityalo nezilwanyana ezahlukahlukeneyo zaseBurundi.

“Ukukhusela iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo zaseBurundi akubalulekanga nje kuphela kwixabiso layo kwizinto eziphilayo kodwa kwanakwizinto eziphilayo impilo ngabantu bayo,” utsho uGqr. Jane Smith, isazi ngebhayoloji yolondolozo lwendalo.

“Ngokulondoloza uhlobo olulodwa lwelizwe kunye nenkqubo yendalo, sinokuqiniseka ukuba kubalulekile Iinkonzo zendalo, njengamanzi acocekileyo, umoya, nokutya, okwangoku nakwisizukulwana esizayo.”

Nangona kunjalo, ezi nzame zolondolozo zijongene nemingeni ngenxa yokunqongophala kwemali kunye nabasebenzi. Inkxaso-mali eyaneleyo, amaphulo okuxhobisa ngolwazi, kunye ukubandakanyeka koluntu zibalulekile ekuphunyezweni okusebenzayo kwamanyathelo olondolozo eBurundi. Nge isenzo esidibeneyo kunye nokuzinikela, kukho ithemba lokukhuselwa kunye nokubuyiselwa kwezinto eziphilayo ezixabisekileyo zelizwe.

Izisongelo	igalelo
Ukutshatyalaliswa kwamahlathi	Ukulahleka kwendawo yokuhlala, ukukhukuliseka komhlaba, izikhukhula
Imililo yasehlathini	Ukutshatyalaliswa kwendawo yokuhlala, ukukhutshwa kwekharbon diokside
Ungcoliseko lwaManzi	Ukuwohloka kwenkqubo yendalo yasemanzini, iingozi zempilo
Ukuzingela ngokungekho mthethweni	Iintlobo ziyehla, ukuphazamiseka kolungelelwaniso lwendalo

Indima Yezilwanyana Ezihlaselayo

Izinto eziphilayo ezihlaselayo ziyingozi enkulu kwizinto eziphilayo zaseBurundi, ziphazamisa inkqubo yendalo ephilayo yaye zisongela iintlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana zalapha. Ezi ntlobo zezityalo ezingezizo ezemveli, ezifakwe ngabom okanye ngokungenzelwanga ngabom, ziyakwazi ukoyisa nokongamela izityalo nezilwanyana zendalo, nto leyo ekhokelela kukungalingani kwi-ecosystem. Ukungabikho kwamarhamncwa okanye ulawulo lwendalo kuvumela iintlobo ezihlaselayo ukuba ziphindaphindeke ngokukhawuleza, nto leyo ebangela ukonakala okubanzi kwendalo.

Umzekelo omnye we iintlobo ezihlaselayo eBurundi yihyacinth yamanzi (igama lesayensi: Eichhornia crassipes). Esi sityalo sasemanzini sidadayo, siyinzalelwane yaseMzantsi Melika, siye sanwenwela ngokukhawuleza kumachibi nemilambo yeli lizwe, sisenza iimethi ezixineneyo ezithintela imijelo yamanzi kwaye zithintele ubomi basemanzini bomthonyama. I-hyacinth yamanzi iphazamisa i-ecosystem ngokunciphisa amanqanaba e-oksijini emanzini, ukuvala ukukhanya kwelanga, kunye nokuguqula imijikelo yezondlo, okukhokelela ekunciphiseni kweentlanzi zendalo kunye nezinye iintlobo zasemanzini.

Iinzame zokulawula kunye nokuphelisa iintlobo ezihlaselayo eBurundi zibalulekile ekukhuseleni iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo zeli lizwe. I Burundi Ukulondolozwa kwendalo I-Arhente, ngentsebenziswano ne uluntu lwasekuhlaleni kunye nemibutho yamazwe ngamazwe, iphumeza amanyathelo okulwa nezi ntlobo zezilwanyana ezihlaselayo. Oku kubandakanya ukususwa ngesandla, iindlela zolawulo lwebhayoloji, kunye namaphulo okwazisa uluntu ukuthintela ukwaziswa okungakumbi. Ngokuhlangabezana nocelomngeni olubangelwa zizidalwa ezihlaselayo, iBurundi inokukhusela indalo yayo ekhethekileyo ize ilondolozele izityalo nezilwanyana zasekhaya ukwenzela izizukulwana ezizayo.

“Izinto eziphilayo ezihlaselayo zisongela ukulungelelana kwemekobume yaseBurundi, nto leyo ebeka engozini ukuphila kwezityalo nezilwanyana zalapho.” – UGqr. Jean-Pierre Nzeyimana, iNgcali yeBhayoloji yoLondolozo

Iintlobo ezihlaselayo	igalelo
Amanzi iHyacinth (i-Eichhornia crassipes)	Iimethi ezixineneyo zithintela iindlela zamanzi, zehlisa amanqanaba eoksijini, kwaye ziphazamisa ubomi basemanzini bomthonyama.
Acacia auriculiformis	Iindidi zemithi ezikhula ngokukhawuleza zidlula uhlaza lwendalo, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuwohlokeni kwendawo yokuhlala.
ikhamera yelanga	Isihlahla esinamandla esisusa izityalo zendalo kwaye siguqule ukumila komhlaba, okuchaphazela ukuhlukahluka kweentlobo zezityalo.

Imilinganiselo yoLawulo lweZilwanyana eziHlanganisayo

• Ukususwa ngesandla kwe izityalo ezihlaselayo
• Ukwaziswa kwee-arhente zolawulo lwebhayoloji
• Amaphulo okwazisa uluntu malunga nemingcipheko yokuzisa iintlobo ezihlaselayo
• Ukubeka iliso rhoqo kunye nokusabela ngokukhawuleza kwiintshayelelo ezintsha

Ukutshintsha kweMozulu kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo

Ukutshintsha kwemozulu kubangela ucelomngeni oluphawulekayo kwizinto eziphilayo zaseBurundi, ukuguqula inkqubo yendalo kunye nokusongela ukuphila kweentlobo ezininzi zezinto eziphilayo. Ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu kunye nokutshintsha kweepateni zokuna kwemvula kunefuthe elibi kubomi bezityalo nezilwanyana elizweni.

Ngokutsho kohlolisiso olwenziwa yiNational Environmental Research Institute yaseBurundi, ukutshintsha kwemozulu sele kubangele ukuguquguquka kokusasazwa kweentlobo zezilwanyana nokulahlekelwa kweendawo ezibalulekileyo zokuhlala. Oku kuye kwaba nempembelelo embi ngokukhethekileyo kwiintlobo zezityalo ezihlala eBurundi, ezifumaneka kwiindawo eziphakamileyo.

Iimpembelelo zokutshintsha kwemozulu zidlulela ngaphaya kobomi bezityalo. Izilwanyana ezanyisayo, ezirhubuluzayo, kunye nezilwanyana eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini zifumana ilahleko yendawo yokuhlala kunye nokuncitshiswa kokufumaneka kokutya njengoko i-ecosystem yazo iguqulwa. Umzekelo, uMkhombe Omnyama waseMpuma Afrika, ochazwa njengosengozini enkulu, usemngciphekweni omkhulu ngakumbi ngenxa yokulahleka kweendawo zokuhlala ezifanelekileyo okubangelwa kukutshintsha kwemozulu.

Iimpembelelo zoTshintsho lweMozulu kwiiNdawo ezahlukahlukeneyo zeNdalo yaseBurundi
Ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu
Utshintsho kwiipateni zemvula
Ukuhanjiswa kokutshintsha kweentlobo
Ukulahleka kwendawo yokuhlala
Ukuncitshiswa kokufumaneka kokutya

Ukujongana nemingeni ebangelwa lutshintsho lwemozulu kufuna indlela ebanzi, equka imizamo yasekuhlaleni neyehlabathi. IBurundi isebenzela ukuphumeza Utshintsho lwemozulu amaqhinga kunye namanyathelo ayo okulondoloza okusingqongileyo. Oku kuquka iiprojekthi zokuphinda kutshalwe amahlathi ukuze kuncitshiswe impembelelo yokugawulwa kwamahlathi, ukwazisa iindlela zolimo ezizinzileyo ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kwiinkqubo zendalo, kunye nokuphakamisa ulwazi malunga ukubaluleka ukuqhelana nokutshintsha kwemozulu.

Nangona kukho iingxaki, kukho ithemba ngekamva. Ngokubeka phambili ulondolozo lwendalo esingqongileyo kunye izenzo zophuhliso oluzinzileyo, iBurundi inokukhusela iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezikhethekileyo ize iqinisekise ukuba izityalo zayo ezixabisekileyo nezilwanyana ziyasinda kwizizukulwana ezizayo.

Iinzame Zokulondoloza EBurundi

IBurundi iye yenza inkqubela ukhuseleko lwezilwanyana zasendle kunye nolondolozo lwendalo esingqongileyo, ngokusekwa kweepaki ezintathu zesizwe kunye neendawo ezine zolondolozo. Le mimandla ikhuselweyo igubungela i-5% yomhlaba welizwe, ibonelela ngeendawo zokuhlala ezibalulekileyo kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana. Iipaki zelizwe ziquka iKibira National Park, iRuvubu National Park, kunye neRusizi National Park, ngelixa iindawo zokugcina zibandakanya iVyanda Natural Reserve, iRuvyironza Natural Reserve, iMarevya Natural Reserve, kunye neMugara Natural Reserve.

Le mimandla yolondolozo idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuseleni iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo zaseBurundi. Banikezela indawo yokusabela kwizilwanyana ezisengozini, njengengwenya yaseBurundi kunye ne-Bururi-long-fingered frog, eye yabona inani labo liyancipha ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kwendawo yokuhlala kunye nemisebenzi yabantu. Iipaki zesizwe kunye neendawo zogcino zikwanegalelo ekulondolozweni kwezinto ezibalulekileyo zendalo, kubandakanywa amahlathi acwengileyo eentaba zaseKibira National Park kunye imigxobhozo eRusizi National Park.

Imingeni yoLondolozo kunye namaThemba exesha elizayo

Ngelixa iBurundi ithathe amanyathelo abalulekileyo ekulondolozweni kwemekobume, kusekho imingeni ekufuneka yoyiswe. Izibonelelo zemali ezinqongopheleyo kunye nokunqongophala kwabasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo kuthintele ukuphunyezwa ngokupheleleyo kweSicwangciso seSizwe seZilwanyana zeNdalo kunye nesiCwangciso sokuSebenza. Ngaphezu koko, ungquzulwano oluqhubekayo phakathi kwelizwe luye lwabangela imiqobo eyongezelelekileyo ekukhuseleni izilwanyana zasendle kunye nemigudu yokulondoloza.

Nangona le mingeni, likhona ithemba ngekamva le Ulondolozo lwendalo eBurundi. Urhulumente, kunye nemibutho yamazwe ngamazwe kunye noluntu lwasekuhlaleni, uyaqhubeka nokusebenza ngokuzinza ulawulo lobutyebi bendalo kunye nokukhuthazwa kokhenketho lwendalo njengendlela yokwenza ingeniso ngelixa ukhusela indawo. Ngokwazisa ngokubaluleka kwezinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo kunye nokubandakanyeka kwimigudu yentsebenziswano, iBurundi inokwenza inkqubela phambili ekulondolozeni izilwanyana zasendle ezikhethekileyo kunye nenkqubo yokuphilisana kwezityalo nezilwanyana ezihlala kuyo ukwenzela izizukulwana ezizayo.

Uluhlu: Iindawo zaseBurundi eziKhuselweyo

igama	uhlobo	Ummandla (km²)
Ipaki yeSizwe yaseKibira	Ipaki yelizwe	40,000
IPaka yeSizwe yaseRuvubu	Ipaki yelizwe	50,000
Rusizi National Park	Ipaki yelizwe	25,000
UVanda Natural Reserve	Ugcino lweNdalo	1,500
I-Ruvyironza Natural Reserve	Ugcino lweNdalo	800
Indawo yoLondolozo lweNdalo yaseMarevya	Ugcino lweNdalo	1,200
Indawo yoLondolozo lweNdalo yaseMugara	Ugcino lweNdalo	1,000

Izilwanyana Ezisesichengeni eBurundi

IBurundi likhaya lezityalo nezilwanyana ezininzi ezinqabileyo, ezisengozini, nezisengozini yokuphela ezifuna ingqalelo engxamisekileyo yolondolozo. Izinto eziphilayo ezityebileyo zeli lizwe zisengozini, kukho oothunywashe abanjengokutshatyalaliswa kwamahlathi, ukuzingelwa ngokungekho mthethweni nokutshintsha kwemozulu okufak’ isandla ekuwohlokeni kwezi zilwanyana. Ukukhusela nokugcina ezi zilwanyana zisengozini kubalulekile ukugcina ulungelelwaniso lwendalo nokuqinisekisa uzinzo lwexesha elide lwenkqubo yendalo yaseBurundi.

Phakathi kweentlobo zezityalo ezisengozini yokuphela eBurundi kukho ezine ezinqabileyo, ezingama-21 ezisesichengeni, nezingama-22 ezisengozini yokuphela. Ezi zityalo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwi-ikhosistim yelizwe, zibonelela ngeendawo zokuhlala kunye nemithombo yokutya yeentlobo ngeentlobo zezilwanyana. Ukongezelela, iBurundi ilikhaya lezilwanyana ezanyisayo, iintaka nezilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo ezisesichengeni ezili-101, ezijamelene nengozi yokuphela ngenxa yokulahlekelwa yindawo yokuhlala nemisebenzi yabantu.

Ukuphelisa izoyikiso ezijongene nezi zilwanyana zisengozini yokuphela, iBurundi iye yaseka iipaki ezintathu zelizwe kunye neendawo ezine zogcino, ezigubungela malunga ne-5% yommandla uwonke welizwe. Ezi ndawo zikhuselweyo zisebenza njengendawo yokugcina izilwanyana zasendle kwaye zilondoloza iindawo zokuhlala ezibalulekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukwandisa ezi nzame zolondolozo kunye nokwandisa indawo ekhuselweyo ukuqinisekisa ukusinda kwezilwanyana ezisengozini eBurundi.

Iintlobo Zezityalo Ezisengozini	Iintlobo zezilwanyana ezisemngciphekweni
Kunqabile: iintlobo ezi-4	Izilwanyana ezanyisayo: iintlobo ezingama-64
Ukuba sesichengeni: 21 iintlobo	Iintaka: iintlobo ezingama-24
Isengozini: Iintlobo ezingama-22	Izirhubuluzi: 13 iintlobo

Ukuqukumbela, ukulondolozwa kwezilwanyana ezisengozini eBurundi kubaluleke gqitha. Iinzame zokukhusela nokulondoloza ezi zityalo nezilwanyana kufuneka zomelezwe ngokunyuka kwenkxaso-mali, ulwazi, kunye nokubandakanyeka koluntu. Ngokukhusela iintlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana zaseBurundi, asiqinisekisi nje kuphela ubukho beentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezinto eziphilayo kodwa sikwafaka isandla kwimpilo iyonke nokomelela kwenkqubo yendalo yelizwe.

isiphelo

Ukukhusela iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo zaseBurundi kubalulekile ukuze kulondolozwe inkqubo yendalo kunye nokukhuselwa kwezilwanyana zasendle ezikhethekileyo. IBurundi ineentlobo zezityalo ezingama-2,950 596, iindidi zeentaka ezingama-163, iintlobo zezilwanyana ezanyisayo ezili-52, iindidi zezilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo ezingama-56, iindidi ezingama-215 zezilwanyana ezihlala emanzini nasemanzini, kwaneentlobo ezingama-XNUMX zeentlanzi, iBurundi iyindawo ethandwa kakhulu yibiodiversity. Nangona kunjalo, ezi ntlobo ziphantsi kwesisongelo ngenxa yoxinzelelo lwabemi, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi kunye nezolimo.

Okwangoku, malunga ne-5% kuphela yelizwe elikhuselweyo, kunye neepaki ezintathu zesizwe kunye neendawo ezine zokugcina. Oku kugutyungelwa kulinganiselweyo kushiya inkoliso yezilwanyana zasendle zaseBurundi zisengozini kwizisongelo ezahlukahlukeneyo. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwamahlathi, ukutsha kwamatyholo, ukungcoliswa kwamanzi, ukuzingela ngokungekho mthethweni, izilwanyana ezihlaselayo nokutshintsha kwemozulu, konke oko kubangela ucelomngeni olukhulu kwizinto eziphilayo zeli lizwe.

Ukujongana nezi zoyikiso, iBurundi ithathe amanyathelo athile okuphucula ukuphunyezwa kweNgqungquthela yeBiological Diversity. Ukusekwa kweendawo ezikhuselweyo, kuquka iipaki zesizwe kunye neendawo zogcino, linyathelo elibalulekileyo lokulondoloza iyantlukwano yendalo yelizwe. Ukongeza, ukwamkelwa kweSicwangciso seSizwe seZilwanyana zeNdalo kunye neSicwangciso sokuSebenza kubonisa ukuzinikela kwiinzame zolondolozo.

Nangona kunjalo, inkqubela-phambili ekukhuseleni iintlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana zaseBurundi iye yaphazanyiswa ziingxaki zemali nezabasebenzi. Izibonelelo ezininzi kunye nenkxaso ziyafuneka ukuze kuliwe ngokufanelekileyo nokugawulwa kwamahlathi, ukuthintela imililo yamatyholo, ukunciphisa ukungcoliseka kwamanzi, ukulwa nokuzingela ngaphandle kwemvume, ukulawula iintlobo ezihlaselayo, kunye nokunciphisa iimpembelelo zokutshintsha kwemozulu. Kuphela kungezenzo ezidityanelweyo kunye nemizamo eyandisiweyo yolondolozo apho iyantlukwano yendalo yaseBurundi inokukhuselwa ukwenzela izizukulwana ezizayo.

Umthombo amakhonkco

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wildlife_of_Burundi
• https://www.cbd.int/countries/profile/?country=bi
• https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/pnaea331.pdf

Unokuthanda nokufunda malunga IZakhiwo eziPhezulu eziHlaza zaseBurundi.