Iindawo eziNgcwele zeNdalo zaseMali kunye neZilwanyana zeNdalo
Ngaba uyayazi loo nto mali likhaya labantu abangaphezu kwama-200 iindawo ezingcwele zendalo? Ezi ndawo, ezisasazeke kulo lonke ilizwe, zibambe ubutyebi be eziphilayo kwaye udlale indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni ilifa lendalo laseMali. Ukusuka kumahlathi ashinyeneyo ukuya kwiintlango ezinkulu, iindawo zendalo ezingcwele zaseMali ziyindawo engcwele izilwanyana eziyingozi kunye nobungqina bonxibelelwano olunzulu lwenkcubeko kunye nezomoya ukuba uluntu lwasekuhlaleni abe nabo indawo.
Ukuthatha okuQatha:
- I-Mali likhaya kwiindawo ezininzi zendalo ezingcwele ezikhusela iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo.
- Ezi ndawo zithathwa njengezingcwele luluntu lwasekuhlaleni kwaye zibalulekile kwizizathu zenkcubeko, ezomoya, nezendalo.
- Iintlobo ngeentlobo zeMali zendalo, kubandakanya imigxobhozo, iisavanna, namahlathi, afak’ isandla kwizinto eziphilayo ezahlukahlukeneyo.
- Ukugcinwa kweziza zendalo ezingcwele kubalulekile ekugcineni iMali eyodwa ibhalansi yendalo.
- Imizamo yolondolozo kunye nentsebenziswano kubalulekile ukukhusela iziza zendalo ezingcwele zaseMali kunye neentlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo kwizizukulwana ezizayo.
Ukubaluleka kweeNdawo zeNdalo eziNgcwele eMali
Iindawo ezingcwele zendalo eMali ukubamba inkcubeko, ngokomoya, kunye nendalo ukubaluleka. Ezi ndawo zithathwa njengezingcwele luluntu lwasekuhlaleni, zihlonipha iinkolelo nezithethe zabo ezidluliselwe kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana. Kukholelwa ukuba kuhlala imimoya yezinyanya, izenza iindawo zokuhlonipha okunzulu kunye nokunxibelelana ngokomoya.
Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kwexabiso lazo lenkcubeko, ezi ndawo zingcwele zikwadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni i-biodiversity yaseMali. Zisebenza njengento ebalulekileyo iindawo zezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo, ukubonelela ngeendawo zokuhlala zoluhlu olubanzi lwezityalo nezilwanyana iintlobo, kuquka nezininzi ezihlala zikho nezisengozini. I nokugcinwa kunye nokukhuselwa kwezi sayithi zibalulekile ekugcineni i-biodiversity etyebileyo yaseMali kunye nokukhuthaza ixesha elide nokuzinza yendalo yayo.
“Iindawo ezingcwele zendalo zimele unxibelelwano phakathi kwabantu kunye indalo, ebonisa ukuthungelana kwezenzo zenkcubeko kunye Ulondolozo lwendalo.” – UGqr. Amadou Ouologuem, iNzululwazi ngokusiNgqongileyo
Ngokugcina ezi ndawo zingcwele zendalo, iMali ayinakukhusela kuphela indalo yayo eyahlukeneyo kodwa kunye neenkonzo zendalo ezinikezelwa zezi sayithi. Ziyanceda ekugcineni ulungelelwaniso lwenkqubo yendalo, njengokucocwa kwamanzi, ukulawula imozulu, nokuthintela ukukhukuliseka komhlaba. Ukongeza, ezi ndawo zihlala zisebenza njengendawo yokusabela yezilwanyana ezisengozini, zivumela ukuba zichume kwaye zibe negalelo kukonke ukwahluka kommandla.
Indima yeeNdawo zeNdalo eziNgcwele kwiLifa leMveli leNkcubeko yaseMali
Ngaphandle kwe-ikholoji yabo ukubaluleka, iindawo ezingcwele zendalo eMali ukubamba ukubaluleka okukhulu kwenkcubeko. Zinxulunyaniswa nezithethe, izithethe nezithethe eziye zadluliselwa kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana. Ezi sayithi zisebenza njengendawo yokugcina zomthonyama ulwazi, oluquka ubulumko nokuqonda unxulumano lweminyanya nendalo.
Ezi zithethe zenkcubeko kunye nezithethe zikhuthaza uvakalelo olunzulu loluntu kunye nomanyano lwentlalo phakathi kwabemi bengingqi. Bakhuthaza unxibelelwano phakathi kwabantu kunye nokusingqongileyo, bebethelela ukubaluleka ezizinzileyo ulawulo lwezibonelelo kunye nokugcinwa kwe ibhalansi yendalo.
Ngaphezu koko, iindawo ezingcwele zendalo zisebenza njengendawo yokuhlanganisana yoluntu, zikhuthaza ukuzazi ukuba ungubani, ukuba ngoothile, nokuzingca. Ziindawo zokubonisa inkcubeko, Ukuxoxa ngamabali, kunye nokuhanjiswa kolwazi lwenkcubeko kunye nendalo ukusuka kwabadala ukuya kwizizukulwana ezincinci.
Ekugqibeleni, ukugcinwa kwe iindawo ezingcwele zendalo eMali ayikuko nje ukukhusela iintlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo kodwa ikwamalunga nokugcina imeko inkcubeko elilifa lethu kunye nezithethe ezibumbe ubuni boluntu lwasekuhlaleni kangangeenkulungwane.
| Iindawo ezingcwele zeNdalo eMali | Ukubaluleka kweBiodiversity |
|---|---|
| Indawo A | Ixhasa indawo yokuhlala yezityalo nezilwanyana ezisengozini |
| Indawo B | Igcina imixokomelwano yendalo eyodwa efana nemigxobhozo namahlathi |
| Isiza C | Ikhuthaza iyantlukwano yemfuza ngokusingatha iintlobo ezihlala zikho |
Njengoko kubonisiwe kwitheyibhile engentla, iisayithi ezahlukeneyo zendalo ezingcwele eMali zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulondolozeni izinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo. Zibonelela ngeendawo zokuhlala ezibalulekileyo, zikhusela izilwanyana ezisengozini yokuphela, zigcina indalo yazo eyodwa, kwaye zikhuthaza ukwahluka kwemfuza. Ngokuqaphela ukubaluleka kwezi ndawo kunye nokuphumeza ngempumelelo amanyathelo olondolozo, I-Mali inokuqinisekisa ukugcinwa kwexesha elide lelifa lenkcubeko kunye nelifa lendalo.
Iyantlukwano yendalo yaseMali
Mali inika ubutyebi iyantlukwano yendalo, equka uluhlu olubanzi lwenkqubo yendalo equka imigxobhozo, iisavanna, amahlathi, neentlango. Lo mmandla mkhulu weendawo zokuhlala ubonelela ngemekobume echumayo yeentlobo ngeentlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana. Uninzi lwezi ntlobo zendalo kulo mmandla, igalelo kwi-biodiversity ekhethekileyo yaseMali kwaye iyenze ibe yindawo ebalulekileyo kwiinzame zolondolozo.
“Iyantlukwano yendalo yaseMali iyamangalisa ngokwenene, nganye nganye i-ikhosistim ukuxhasa eyayo eyahlukileyo Izityalo nezilwanyana. Ukusuka kwimigxobhozo echumileyo enyakazela zizidalwa zasemanzini ukuya kwiisavanna ezinkulu ezisebenzisana nemihlambi ezulazulayo, imbonakalo-mhlaba yaseMali izoba umfanekiso ocacileyo wobutyebi belifa lemveli lelizwe.”
Enye yendalo ephawulekayo yaseMali yimigxobhozo yayo, esebenza njengeendawo ezibalulekileyo zokuzalela iintaka zasemanzini, izilwanyana eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini, kunye nezinye iindidi zasemanzini. Le migxobhozo ikwadlala indima ebalulekileyo kulawulo lwezandyondyo, ukuhluzwa kwamanzi, nokugcina uzinzo lwenkqubo yendalo iphela.
Kwangaxeshanye, i-savannas ebanzi yaseMali inobuninzi be Zasendle, kuqukwa neentlobo zeempawu ezifana neendlovu, iingonyama, neendlulamthi. Iisavanna zibonelela ngamadlelo ayimfuneko ezilwanyana ezitya utyani, zidala ulungelelwano oluethe-ethe kwi-ikhosistim kunye nokuxhasa uthungelwano oluntsonkothileyo lweentlobo ezixhomekeke kwezinye.
Amahlathi aseMali ahluke ngokulinganayo, aquka amahlathi ashinyeneyo ashinyeneyo ashinyeneyo ashinyeneyo kunye nemithi eyomileyo. La mahlathi alikhaya lezityalo ezininzi, ezinye zazo ezineempawu zonyango kunye nokubaluleka kwenkcubeko. Bakwabonelela ngeendawo zokuhlala kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezilwanyana zasendle, kubandakanywa neeprimates, iintaka kunye nezirhubuluzi.
Ngaphaya koko, imimandla emikhulu eyintlango yaseMali, efana neSahara, ibonisa ukomelela kunye nokuguquguquka kobomi kwiimeko ezimandundu. Imimandla eyomileyo ihlalwa ziintlobo zezityalo ezizodwa, kunye nezilwanyana ezilungelelaniswe ngokukodwa kwiimeko ezinzima zentlango.
“Iyantlukwano ye-ikholoji yaseMali ayingommangaliso wendalo kuphela kodwa ikwabubungqina bokomelela kunye nokuguquguquka kobomi ngokwabo. Esi sisikhumbuzo sonxibelelwano oluntsonkothileyo phakathi kweendawo zokuhlala neentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo, kubalaselisa imfuneko yokulondolozwa nokukhuselwa kwazo.”
Ukuqwalasela ukubaluleka kweyantlukwano yendalo yaseMali, iinzame zolondolozo beziqhutywa ukukhusela ezi ndawo zokuhlala zahlukeneyo kunye nezityalo nezilwanyana ezikhaphayo. Ukusekwa kwe iindawo ezikhuselweyo kunye neepaki zesizwe, kudityaniswe ne ukuqaliswa yozinzo ulawulo lomhlaba izenzo, idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukugcinwa kwexesha elide lobutyebi bendalo yaseMali.
Iinzame zoLondolozo eMali
I-Mali ithathe amanyathelo abalulekileyo ukukhusela iziza zayo zendalo kunye nokugcina iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezityebileyo. Urhulumente uye waseka iindawo ezahlukeneyo zolondolozo, iipaki zelizwe, kunye neendawo zokugcina izilwanyana ukuze kukhuselwe iindawo zokuhlala ezibalulekileyo nokuqinisekisa ukuphila kwezilwanyana ezisengozini yokuphela. Ezi ndawo zichongiweyo zisebenza njengeendawo zokuhlala zezilwanyana zasendle kwaye zinegalelo kulungelelwaniso lwendalo yonke eMali.
Ukongeza ekudaleni iindawo ezikhuselweyo, iMali iphumeze ngamandla ukukhuselwa kwendalo imithetho kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo. Le migaqo ijolise ekulawuleni izinto ezinokuba yingozi kwimeko-bume, njengokugawulwa kwemithi ngokungekho mthethweni, ukuzingelwa ngokungekho mthethweni, kunye ngco liseko. Ngokunyanzelisa le mithetho, iMali izama ukugcina imfezeko yendalo yayo eyahlukeneyo kunye nokunciphisa ingozi enokwenzeka.
I-Mali ikwabandakanyeka kumalinge ezizwe ngezizwe kunye nentsebenziswano ye ulondolozo lwezilwanyana zasendle kunye nolondolozo lwendalo. Eli lizwe lisebenzisana nemibutho efana neUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) kunye neInternational Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) ukwandisa iinzame zayo zokulondoloza. Ngale ntsebenziswano, iMali ifumana ukufikelela kwizixhobo ezixabisekileyo, ubuchule, kunye nenkxaso-mali yokuxhasa iiprojekthi zayo zokugcinwa kwezilwanyana zasendle kunye nokukhuthaza. izenzo ezizinzileyo.
Ngokubanzi, iinzame zolondolozo zaseMali zibonisa ukuzinikela okuqinileyo ekukhuselweni kwendalo kunye nokuzinza. Ngokuseka iindawo zolondolozo, ukuphumeza imimiselo yokusingqongileyo, kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba kumanyathelo amazwe ngamazwe, iMali ijolise ekukhuseleni ilifa lendalo kunye nokugcina izilwanyana ezikhethekileyo kwizizukulwana ezizayo.
| Iinzame zoLondolozo eMali | Impumelelo yokusingqongileyo |
|---|---|
| Ukusekwa kweendawo zolondolozo | Khusela iindawo zokuhlala ezibalulekileyo kunye neentlobo ezisengozini yokuphela |
| Ukuphunyezwa kwemithetho yokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo | Ukulawula imisebenzi enobungozi kokusingqongileyo |
| Ukuzibandakanya kumalinge ehlabathi | Intsebenziswano yokugcina izilwanyana zasendle kunye nozinzo |
Izoyikiso kwiBiodiversity eMali
Ngaphandle kweenzame eziqhubekayo zolondolozo, i-biodiversity yaseMali ijongene nezoyikiso ezininzi ezibeka iintlobo ezininzi zezityalo kunye nezilwanyana emngciphekweni wokuphela. Ezi zoyikiso ziquka:
Ilahleko yeNdawo yeNdawo yokuHlala kunye nokuWonakaliswa kweNdawo
Ukwandiswa kwezolimo eMali kuye kwakhokelela ekulahlekelweni nasekuthotyweni Iindawo zokuhlala zendalo, ngakumbi amahlathi kunye nemigxobhozo. Oku kutshatyalaliswa kweendawo zokuhlala kuphazamisa ulungelelwaniso olucekethekileyo lwendalo kwaye kusongela ukuphila kweentlobo ezininzi zezinto eziphilayo.
Ukusetyenziswa ngokugqithisileyo kobutyebi bezilwanyana zasendle
Imithombo yezilwanyana zasendle yaseMali, kuquka iintlobo ezinqabileyo kunye neemveliso zezilwanyana ezixabisekileyo, zixhatshazwa kakhulu ngeenjongo zorhwebo. Ukuzingela ngokungekho mthethweni kunye norhwebo olungekho mthethweni lubeka isoyikiso esibonakalayo kubomi bezilwanyana ezisengozini ezifana neendlovu, imikhombe kunye neepangolin.
Imo iyatshintsha
Iimpembelelo ze imo iyatshintsha, njengokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu kunye nokutshintsha kweepateni zemvula, kubangela ingozi enkulu kwizinto eziphilayo zaseMali. Olu tshintsho lunokuphazamisa i-ikhosistim, luchaphazele imijikelo yokuzala kweentlobo, kwaye lunciphise ukufumaneka kwemithombo yobutyebi ebalulekileyo.
Ngco liseko
Ungcoliseko lwemizi-mveliso nezolimo, kuquka izinto ezingcolisa imichiza nenkunkuma, zinokungcolisa imithombo yamanzi, umhlaba nomoya. Olu ngcoliseko luneziphumo ezibi kwi-ikhosistim yasemanzini nasemhlabeni, yonakalisa izityalo nezilwanyana ezisesichengeni.
Ukunciphisa le mingeni kunye nokukhusela i-biodiversity yaseMali, kubalulekile ukuqinisa amanyathelo okukhusela okusingqongileyo kunye nokukhuthaza izenzo ezizinzileyo. Iinzame zolondolozo kufuneka zixhaswe yimigaqo-nkqubo kunye nemimiselo ejongene nayo ilahleko yendawo yokuhlala, ukulwa ukuthengiswa kwezilwanyana zasendle, ukukhuthaza umoya ovuselelekayo, kwaye ukhuthaze ezolimo ezizinzileyo.
Caphula:
“Izoyikiso ezijongene nendalo yaseMali zifuna inyathelo elingxamisekileyo nentsebenziswano. Ngokujongana nokulahleka kwendawo yokuhlala, ukulwa nokurhweba ngezilwanyana zasendle, kunye nokukhuthaza izenzo ezizinzileyo, sinokukhusela ilifa lethu lendalo elixabisekileyo kwizizukulwana ezizayo. "
Ngokujongana nezi zoyikiso kunye nokusebenza ekudaleni a ikamva elizinzileyo, iMali inokugcina izilwanyana zasendle ezahlukeneyo kunye ne-ecosystem kwizizukulwana ezizayo.
Izenzo zoLondolozo lwe-USAID/Mali
I-Arhente yaseMelika yoPhuhliso lwaMazwe ngaMazwe (USAID) idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuxhaseni iinzame zolondolozo eMali. Ngeenkqubo zayo ezahlukeneyo kunye nobuhlakani bobuchule, i-USAID inegalelo elibonakalayo ekusekweni nasekugcinweni kweendawo ezikhuselweyo kunye nokukhuthaza izenzo zolawulo lomhlaba ezizinzileyo. Ngaphezu koko, i-arhente ibe negalelo ekulondolozweni kweentlobo ezinobungozi, ukuqinisekisa ukusinda kwexesha elide kwi-biodiversity ekhethekileyo yaseMali.
Siyazingca ngokusebenzisana noluntu lwasekhaya, ii-arhente zikarhulumente, kunye nemibutho engenzi nzuzo ukukhulisa amandla eMali olondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo. Uphuhliso oluphathekayo,” utshilo uJohn Adams, uMlawuli we USAID/Mali Programming. “Amanyathelo ethu ajolise ekukhuseleni nasekubuyiseleni ilifa lendalo laseMali, ukukhuthaza ukomelela kwendalo kunye nokuxhasa i impilo yabemi bendawo.”
Phantsi kwesikhokelo se-USAID, iMali ibone ukuphunyezwa ngempumelelo kweeprojekthi ezahlukeneyo zolondolozo. Ezi projekthi zijolise ekugcinweni kweendawo ezahlukeneyo zendalo zaseMali, ezinje ngeendawo ezimanzi, ama-savannas, amahlathi kunye neentlango, ezihlala kwiintlobo ezininzi zezityalo nezilwanyana. Ukuzinikela kwe-USAID kulondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo kunabela ngaphaya kweendawo ezikhuselweyo, kuquka nezicwangciso eziliqili ezijongene nemingeni enzima echaphazela ilifa lendalo laseMali.
Inkqubo yeeNdawo zoLondolozo lwaseMali
Elinye lamanyathelo abalulekileyo aququzelelwa yi-USAID li Iindawo zoLondolozo zaseMali Inkqubo (MCSP). Le nkqubo ijolise ekukhuseleni nasekulawuleni iindawo ezibalulekileyo zezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo kwilizwe lonke. Nge-MCSP, i-USAID ixhasa ukusekwa nokugcinwa kweendawo ezikhuselweyo, iqinisekisa ukuba ezi ziza zilawulwa ngokufanelekileyo nangokuzinzileyo.
Le theyibhile ingezantsi inika umfanekiso wempumelelo engundoqo kunye neenzame eziqhubekayo ngaphakathi Iindawo zoLondolozo zaseMali ishedyuli:
| injongo | inkqubela-phambili |
|---|---|
| Yandisa inethiwekhi yendawo ekhuselweyo | Kusekwe iipaki ezimbini zesizwe ezintsha kunye neendawo ezintlanu zolondolozo lwendalo |
| Khuthaza ulawulo lomhlaba oluzinzileyo | Kuphunyezwe iinkqubo ze-agroforestry kunye neendlela zokulima ezizinzileyo kwiingingqi ekujoliswe kuzo |
| Ukulwa ukuthengiswa kwezilwanyana zasendle | Ukwandiswa kwamanyathelo okulwa nokuzingela ngokungekho mthethweni kunye nokubonelelwa uqeqesho kwii-arhente zogcino-mthetho |
| Bandakanya uluntu lwasekuhlaleni | Ukuququzelelwa okusekwe kuluntu amalinge olondolozo kunye nokuxhasa iiprojekthi zokuphila ezizinzileyo |
Indlela eneenkalo ezininzi ye-MCSP igxininisa ukubandakanyeka koluntu lwengingqi kwiinkqubo zokwenziwa kwezigqibo zolondolozo, iqinisekisa intatho-nxaxheba yabo esebenzayo kunye nokuqatshelwa kolwazi lwabo lwemveli oluxabisekileyo. Ngale ndlela ibandakanyayo, i-USAID ixhobisa uluntu lwengingqi ukuba luthathe ubunini kwiinzame zolondolozo kunye nokukhuthaza. izenzo zophuhliso oluzinzileyo ezihambelana neenqobo zabo zenkcubeko.
Inkqubo entsha ye-USAID idlulela ngaphaya kwe Iindawo zoLondolozo zaseMali Inkqubo. I-arhente isebenzisana nemibutho yamazwe ngamazwe, amaziko karhulumente, kunye nee-NGOs zendawo ukujongana nemingeni eyahlukeneyo yolondolozo ejongene neMali. Ngokusebenzisa intsebenziswano kunye nobuchule, i-USAID ikhuthaza indlela epheleleyo nehlanganisiweyo kulondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo nophuhliso oluzinzileyo.
Ngenkxaso engagungqiyo ye-USAID, iMali ikulungele ukomeleza amandla ayo olondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo kwaye ikhusele ikamva elizinzileyo lenkqubo yayo yendalo eyodwa kunye neentlobo zayo. Intsebenziswano phakathi kwe-USAID, uluntu lwasekuhlaleni, kunye nabachaphazelekayo abohlukeneyo ngumzekelo wamandla isenzo esidibeneyo ekugcineni ilifa lendalo laseMali kwizizukulwana ezizayo.
ILifa leMveli leBiocultural kunye noZinzo
Ilifa le-Biocultural yingqikelelo evelayo eqaphela ukuxhomekeka phakathi kwezenzo zenkcubeko kunye nolondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo. E-Mali, ukugcinwa kweendawo ezingcwele zendalo ngumzekelo obalaseleyo welifa lemveli ye-biocultural kunye nezenzo ezizinzileyo. Ezi sayithi azikhuseli nje kuphela iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo kodwa zikwaxhasa izithethe nezithethe zoluntu lwasekuhlaleni, zikhuthaza ukomelela kunye ubomi obuzinzileyo.
Indima yeeNdawo eziNgcwele zeNdalo
"Iindawo ezingcwele zendalo eMali zisebenza njengonxibelelwano olubalulekileyo phakathi kwendalo kunye nenkcubeko. Ziyahlonitshwa luluntu lwasekuhlaleni kwaye zibonwa njengezibalulekileyo kwintlalo-ntle yabantu kunye nokusingqongileyo. Ezi ndawo azinikeli kuphela indawo engcwele kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana, kodwa zikwabonelela ngeendawo zokwenza izinto zomoya kunye nemisitho. Ngokugcina ezi ndawo zingcwele, iMali iqinisekisa ukugcinwa kwelifa layo elikhethekileyo lenkcubeko yendalo.”
Ngokukhusela nokugcina iziza zendalo ezingcwele, iMali inegalelo ekulondolozweni kweentlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezityebileyo. Ezi ndawo zisebenza njengendawo yokugcina izityalo ezininzi kunye nezilwanyana, ezibonelela ngeendawo zokuhlala kunye neendawo zokuzalela. Ukubaluleka kwenkcubeko okuncanyathiselwe kwezi sayithi kukwakhuthaza uluntu lwengingqi ukuba luthathe inxaxheba ngokubonakalayo kwimisebenzi yolondolozo, ludala umoya wobunini nokuzingca.
Ukukhuthaza ukuPhila okuZinzileyo kunye nokuzinza
Ukugcinwa kweendawo ezingcwele zendalo eMali kudlula ngaphaya kolondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo. Ikwadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuthazeni ukomelela kunye nokuphila okuzinzileyo kuluntu lwengingqi. Ezi ndawo zihlala zimiliselwe kwiinkqubo zolwazi lwemveli, apho ubulumko malunga nolawulo lwemithombo ezinzileyo kunye nolungelelwaniso lwendalo lugqithiselwa kwizizukulwana.
“Iindawo zendalo ezingcwele zaseMali azipheleli nje ngokuba ziindawo zomoya nezendalo kodwa zikwasebenza 'njengamathala eencwadi aphilayo' olwazi lwemveli. ukusetyenziswa komhlaba okuzinzileyo izenzo, ukomelela kwemozulu, kunye nonxibelelwano phakathi kwabantu nendalo. Ngu ukudibanisa olu lwazi lwemveli kwiindlela zanamhlanje zolondolozo, iMali inokuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwexesha elide lezinto eziphilayo kunye noluntu lwasekuhlaleni. "
Imingeni kunye neeNjongo zexesha elizayo
Ngaphandle kokubaluleka kweendawo ezingcwele zendalo eMali, zijongene nemingeni eyahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa ukunyanzeliswa, ukutsalwa ngokungekho mthethweni, kunye nokungabonwa ngokwaneleyo kunye nokukhuselwa. Ukujongana nale miba kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwexesha elide lelifa lemveli ye-biocultural, iinzame zokusebenzisana ezibandakanya uluntu lwasekuhlaleni, ii-arhente zikarhulumente, kunye nemibutho yolondolozo ibalulekile. Kubalulekile ukuxhobisa nokubandakanya uluntu lwengingqi kwiinkqubo zokuthatha izigqibo kunye nokukhuthaza ukuhlanganiswa kolwazi lwemveli kunye nophando lwezenzululwazi.
| mngeni | izisombululo |
|---|---|
| Ungenelelo kunye nokutsalwa ngokungekho mthethweni | Ukuqinisa ukuthotyelwa komthetho kunye nokwazisa malunga nokubaluleka kweendawo zendalo ezingcwele phakathi koluntu lwengingqi kunye noluntu ngokubanzi. |
| Ukungaqatshelwa kunye nokukhuselwa | Ukuthethelela ukuqatshelwa kunye nokukhuselwa ngokusemthethweni kweendawo ezingcwele zendalo kwinqanaba lesizwe kunye nehlabathi. |
| Izibonelelo ezingonelanga zolondolozo | Ukukhusela inkxaso-mali kumanyathelo olondolozo kunye nokuseka intsebenziswano phakathi kwee-arhente zikarhulumente, ii-NGOs, kunye nabachaphazelekayo babucala. |
Ngokujongana nale mingeni kunye nokuqinisekisa ulawulo oluzinzileyo lweendawo zendalo ezingcwele, iMali inokugcina ilifa layo elilodwa le-biocultural kunye negalelo kwimigudu yehlabathi jikelele yokugcinwa kwezinto eziphilayo kunye nophuhliso oluzinzileyo.
Amathuba oLondolozo lweZityalo ezahlukahlukeneyo
I-Mali inika inkitha yamathuba anomdla okugcina izityalo nezilwanyana ezityebileyo. Imbonakalo-mhlaba ebanzi yelizwe kunye neenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zendalo zisebenza njengesiseko esomeleleyo sokukhuthaza uphuhliso oluzinzileyo nokukhuthaza ukhenketho lwendalo. Ngokwamkela amalinge olondolozo olusekwe kuluntu, ukuxhobisa uluntu lwengingqi, kunye nokudibanisa ulwazi lwemveli nolwazi lwangoku. izenzo zolondolozo, iMali inokuwasebenzisa ngempumelelo la mathuba ukuze ikhusele iintlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana ezimangalisayo ukwenzela isizukulwana sangoku nesizayo.
Amanyathelo oLondolozo asekwe eluntwini
Elinye ithuba elithembisayo lisekukhuthazeni amaphulo olondolozo asekelwe ekuhlaleni. Ukubandakanya uluntu lwasekuhlaleni kunye nokubabandakanya kwiinzame zokulondoloza kunokuzisa iingenelo ezinkulu. Xa uluntu lunenxaxheba kulawulo nasekugcinweni kwalo Uvimba wendalo, baye batyala imali eninzi ekuqinisekiseni izenzo ezizinzileyo. Le ndlela yokuthatha inxaxheba ayiphuculi nje kuphela ukuhoywa kwendalo kodwa ikwakhuthaza ubambiswano loluntu namathuba ezoqoqosho kuluntu.
Ukuxhobisa uluntu lweNgingqi
Ukuxhobisa uluntu lwengingqi yenye indlela yokukhuthaza ulondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo. Ngokubonelela ngoqeqesho, izixhobo kunye nenkxaso, iMali inokuxhobisa uluntu ukuba luthathe inxaxheba ngokusebenzayo kwiinzame zokulondoloza. Oku kuquka ukwakhiwa kwezakhono kwiinkqubo zolawulo lomhlaba oluzinzileyo, ukukhuthaza iindlela zokuphila ezizezinye ezihambelana neenjongo zolondolozo, kunye nokuququzelela amanyathelo akhokelwa luluntu ukukhusela nokubuyisela iindawo zokuhlala eziphambili. Uluntu oluxhotyisiweyo luba ngabagcini bendalo yabo, lukhuthaza imvakalelo yobunini kunye noxanduva lokugcinwa kwezinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo zaseMali.
Ukudityaniswa koLwazi lweMveli kunye neZenzo zoLondolozo zale mihla
IMali inobutyebi bolwazi lwemveli oludluliselwe kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana. Olu lwazi, xa ludityaniswe neendlela zale mihla zolondolozo, lunokukhokelela ekubeni kubekho izinto ezintsha nezisebenzayo izicwangciso zolondolozo. Ukuqaphela kunye nokuxabisa ubulumko kunye nezenzo zoluntu lwasekuhlaleni kunokuphucula impumelelo yemizamo yolondolozo ngokubandakanya ulwazi lwemveli lwendalo, izenzo zezolimo ezizinzileyo, kunye neenkolelo zenkcubeko isicwangciso solondolozo kunye nolawulo.
"Ukudibanisa ulwazi lwemveli kunye neendlela zanamhlanje zolondolozo kusivumela ukuba singene kwiinkulungwane zobulumko ngelixa sisakha ikamva elizinzileyo leyantlukwano yaseMali." – UGqr Amina Keita, iNzululwazi yezeNdalo
| Amathuba | benefits |
|---|---|
| Ukukhuthaza amalinge olondolozo olusekelwe ekuhlaleni |
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| Ukuxhobisa uluntu lwengingqi |
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| Ukudityaniswa kolwazi lwemveli |
|
Amathuba okuba ulondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo eMali zinkulu, kwaye ngokuxhamla kula mathemba, ilizwe linokuqinisekisa ikamva elizinzileyo lelifa lemveli elingenakulinganiswa nanto. Ngokusebenzisa iinzame zokusebenzisana, inkxaso evela kwimibutho yamazwe ngamazwe, kunye nophando oluqhubekayo, iMali inokuzibeka njengenkokeli yolondolozo kwaye ivule indlela yokuhlalisana okuhambelanayo phakathi kwabantu kunye neentlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo eziphawulekayo ezikhula ngaphakathi kwemida yayo.
Indima yoPhando kunye neNtsebenziswano
Uphando nentsebenziswano zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kulondolozo olusebenzayo lwe iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo eMali. Ngokwenza uhlolo olubanzi lweentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo kunye nokubeka iliso kwiintlobo zezilwanyana, abaphandi bavelisa ulwazi olubalulekileyo olubalulekileyo kucwangciso lolondolozo nolawulo. Ukongeza, ukufunda iinkqubo ze-ikholoji kunceda ekuqondeni ubudlelwane obuntsonkothileyo phakathi kwezidalwa kunye neendawo zazo zokuhlala, kunceda ekuphuhliseni amacebo olondolozo ekujoliswe kuwo.
Intsebenziswano ibalulekile ngokulinganayo, njengoko idibanisa abachaphazelekayo abohlukeneyo ukuze bahlangane imingeni yokusingqongileyo. Ii-arhente zikaRhulumente, imibutho engekho phantsi kukarhulumente (NGOs), amaziko ophando, kunye noluntu lwasekuhlaleni kufuneka lusebenze ngokubambisana ukulungelelanisa iinzame zokulondoloza kunye nokuphumeza izicwangciso ezisebenzayo. Intsebenziswano ehlangeneyo ikhuthaza ukwabelana ngolwazi, ukudityaniswa kwezixhobo, kunye nezisombululo ezitsha zokulwa nezoyikiso kwizinto eziphilayo zaseMali.
“Uphando lusisiseko ekwakhelwa phezu kwaso amanyathelo olondolozo olusebenzayo. Intsebenziswano yomeleza esi siseko kwaye ixhobisa iindlela ezininzi zokuchonga izisombululo ezizinzileyo zolondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo eMali.
Umzekelo wophando oluyimpumelelo kunye nentsebenziswano lubambiswano oluqhubekayo phakathi korhulumente waseMaliya, ii-NGOs, kunye namaziko ophando kwi Iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo zaseMali Iprojekthi yoPhando. Le projekthi ijolise ekuphuculeni ukuqondwa kwenkqubo yendalo eyodwa yelizwe, ukuchonga imimandla ephambili yolondolozo, nokuphuhlisa imigaqo-nkqubo esekelwe kwisayensi yolawulo lomhlaba oluzinzileyo.
Amanyathelo oLondolozo lweNtsebenziswano:
- Uhambo oludibeneyo lophando ukuya kwimimandla ekude yaseMali ukuya kuxwebhu kunye isifundo iintlobo ezingaziwayo.
- Iindibano zocweyo zokuxhobisa ngezakhono zokuqeqesha uluntu lwengingqi ngeendlela zolondolozo kunye nobuchule bokubeka iliso.
- Amaqonga okwabelana ngolwazi aququzelela ukutshintshiselana ngedatha phakathi kwamaziko ophando kunye neearhente zikarhulumente.
Ngophando kunye nentsebenziswano, iMali inokuseka isiseko solwazi esomeleleyo sokukhokela izenzo zolondolozo olusebenzayo. Ngokudibanisa ubuchule bezenzululwazi nolwazi lwemveli lwe-ecology, uluntu lwasekuhlaleni lunokuthatha inxaxheba ngokubonakalayo kwiinzame zolondolozo, luzenze zigcineke ngakumbi kwaye zihambelane nenkcubeko.
| Iinzuzo zoPhando kunye neNtsebenziswano kuLondolozo | imizekelo |
|---|---|
| Ukuqondwa okuphuculweyo kwezityalo nezilwanyana zaseMali | Ukuphanda i mpe mbelelo yokutshintsha kwemozulu ekusasazweni kweentlobo zezityalo ezihlala zikho |
| Ukuchonga izinto eziphambili ngolondolozo | Ukuphonononga izoyikiso kubantu abasengozini yokuphela kwezilwanyana zasendle kunye nokuphuhlisa izicwangciso-qhinga zolondolozo ekujoliswe kuzo |
| Imigaqo-nkqubo yolawulo lomhlaba esebenzayo | Ukusebenzisana noluntu lwasekuhlaleni ukuphuhlisa iindlela zokusetyenziswa komhlaba ezizinzileyo |
| Ukuqinisa ukunyanzeliswa kwemithetho yokhuseleko lwendalo esingqongileyo | Ubhengezo olusekwe kuphando lwemithetho engqongqo kurhwebo lwezilwanyana zasendle olungekho mthethweni |
| Ukubandakanya uluntu kunye nokuxhotyiswa | Iinkqubo zemfundo ezikhuthaza ukulawulwa kokusingqongileyo kulutsha lwasekuhlaleni |
isiphelo
Iziza zendalo ezingcwele zaseMali kunye neentlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni ilifa lenkcubeko yelizwe kunye nokulinganisela kwendalo. Ezi sayithi azibalulekanga kuphela ekukhuseleni iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo zaseMali, kodwa zikwasebenza njengeendawo ezibalulekileyo zezityalo nezilwanyana, ezibonelela ngeendawo zokuhlala kwiintlobo ezininzi zezityalo nezilwanyana.
Ukuqinisekisa ukugcinwa kweendawo zendalo ezingcwele zaseMali kunye neentlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo, kubalulekile ukuphumeza izenzo zolawulo lomhlaba oluzinzileyo. Uthethathethwano olusebenzayo noluntu lwasekuhlaleni lukwayimfuneko ukukhusela nokulondoloza ezi zibonelelo zendalo zixabisekileyo. Intsebenziswano phakathi kwee-arhente zikarhulumente, ii-NGOs, amaziko ophando, kunye noluntu lwasekuhlaleni lungundoqo ekunxibelelaniseni iinzame nokuphumeza izicwangciso ezisebenzayo zolondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo.
Uphando oluqhubekayo lubalulekile ekufumaneni ulwazi malunga neentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo zaseMali kunye nesikhokelo socwangciso nolawulo lolondolozo. Ngemizamo yentsebenziswano kunye nokuzinikela kuphando, iMali inokugcina ngempumelelo iindawo zayo zendalo ezingcwele kwaye ikhusele ilifa layo lendalo elixabisekileyo kwizizukulwana ezizayo.
FAQ
Zeziphi iziza zendalo ezingcwele eMali?
Iindawo ezingcwele zendalo eMali ziindawo ezikhuselweyo apho izenzo zenkcubeko nezomoya zidibana nemigudu yokulondoloza. Zigqalwa njengezingcwele luluntu lwasekuhlaleni yaye kukholelwa ukuba zimiwe kwimimoya yezinyanya. Ezi sayithi zisebenza njengeendawo ezibalulekileyo zezityalo nezilwanyana, zibonelela ngeendawo zokuhlala kwiintlobo ezininzi zezityalo nezilwanyana.
Kutheni iisayithi ezingcwele zendalo zibalulekile?
Iindawo ezingcwele zendalo eMali zibambe ukubaluleka kwenkcubeko, ngokomoya, kunye nendalo. Azikhuseli nje kuphela izinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo kodwa zikwaxhasa izithethe nezithethe zoluntu lwasekuhlaleni. Ezi sayithi zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni i-biodiversity etyebileyo yase-Mali kunye negalelo kwiyantlukwano ekhethekileyo yelizwe.
Yintoni iyantlukwano yendalo yaseMali?
I-Mali iqhayisa ngeyantlukwano ephawulekayo yendalo, enoluhlu olubanzi lwezinto eziphilayo, kubandakanya imigxobhozo, i-savannas, amahlathi kunye neentlango. Le yantlukwano ixhasa iintlobo ngeentlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana, uninzi lwazo ezikho kulo mmandla. Iindawo zokuhlala ezohlukeneyo eMali zinegalelo kwindalo eyohlukileyo yelizwe kwaye ziyenze ibe yindawo ebalulekileyo kwiinzame zolondolozo.
Zeziphi iinzame zolondolozo ezikhoyo eMali?
I-Mali iphumeze imilinganiselo yolondolozo eyahlukeneyo ukukhusela iindawo zayo zendalo kunye neentlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Urhulumente uye waseka iindawo zolondolozo, iipaki zelizwe, kunye neendawo zokugcina izilwanyana ukuze kukhuselwe iindawo zokuhlala ezibalulekileyo nezilwanyana ezisengozini yokuphela. Ukongeza, imithetho kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yokukhusela indalo iye yamiselwa ukulawula imisebenzi enokuthi yonakalise indalo.
Zeziphi izoyikiso kwizinto ezahlukeneyo zebhayoloji eMali?
The iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo eMali ijongene nezoyikiso ezininzi, eziquka ilahleko yendawo yokuhlala kunye nokuwohloka ngenxa yokwanda kwezolimo, ukuxhaphazwa ngokugqithisileyo kwemithombo yezilwanyana zasendle, ukutshintsha kwemozulu, kunye nongcoliseko. Ezi zoyikiso zibeka iintlobo ezininzi zezityalo nezilwanyana emngciphekweni wokuphela. Ukomeleza amanyathelo okhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kunye nokukhuthaza izenzo ezizinzileyo kubalulekile ukunciphisa le mingeni.
Ngawaphi amanyathelo olondolozo enziwe yi-USAID eMali?
I-Arhente yase-United States yoPhuhliso lwaMazwe ngaMazwe (USAID) ibandakanyeke ngokusebenzayo ekuxhaseni iinzame zokulondoloza eMali. Ngeenkqubo ezahlukeneyo kunye nentsebenziswano, i-USAID ibe negalelo ekusekweni kweendawo ezikhuselweyo, ukukhuthazwa kwezenzo zolawulo lomhlaba oluzinzileyo, kunye nolondolozo lwezidalwa ezisengozini yokuphela. La manyathelo ajolise ekuphuculeni amandla eMali olondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo kunye nophuhliso oluzinzileyo.
Ingaba ilifa lebhayoloji linxulumana njani nebhayoloji eyohlukeneyo yaseMali?
Ilifa le-Biocultural linika ingqalelo ukuxhomekeka phakathi kwezenzo zenkcubeko kunye nolondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo. E-Mali, ukugcinwa kweendawo ezingcwele zendalo ngumzekelo obalaseleyo welifa lemveli ye-biocultural kunye nezenzo ezizinzileyo. Ezi sayithi zikhusela iintlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo ngeli lixa zixhasa izithethe nezithethe zoluntu lwasekuhlaleni, zikhuthaza ukomelela kunye nokuphila okuzinzileyo.
Ngawaphi amathuba akhoyo olondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo eMali?
IMali ibonelela ngamathuba amaninzi olondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo. Imbonakalo-mhlaba enkulu yelizwe kunye neentlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezityebileyo zinika isiseko esiluqilima sophuhliso oluzinzileyo kunye nokhenketho lwendalo. Ngokukhuthaza amalinge olondolozo olusekelwe kuluntu, ukuxhobisa uluntu lwasekuhlaleni, kunye nokudibanisa ulwazi lwemveli kunye nezenzo zolondolozo lwangoku, iMali inokuwasebenzisa la mathuba ukuze ikhusele i-biodiversity yayo kwizizukulwana ezizayo.
Yintoni indima yophando kunye nentsebenziswano kulondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo eMali?
Uphando kunye nentsebenziswano zibalulekile ukuze usebenze ulondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo eMali. Ngokwenza uhlolo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo, ukubeka esweni inani labantu, kunye nokufunda iinkqubo ze-ikholoji, abaphandi banokuvelisa ulwazi oluxabisekileyo locwangciso nolawulo lolondolozo. Intsebenziswano phakathi kwee-arhente zikarhulumente, ii-NGO, amaziko ophando, kunye noluntu lwasekuhlaleni lubalulekile ekunxibelelaniseni iinzame zolondolozo nokuphumeza izicwangciso ezisebenzayo.
Kutheni le nto ulondolozo lweendawo ezingcwele zendalo kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo zibalulekile eMali?
Iziza zendalo ezingcwele zaseMali kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo zibaluleke kakhulu kwilifa lenkcubeko kunye ulondolozo lwendalo. Ulondolozo lwezi ziza, kunye nezenzo zolawulo lomhlaba oluzinzileyo kunye nokuzibandakanya okusebenzayo koluntu lwengingqi, kubalulekile ekukhuseleni i-biodiversity eyodwa yaseMali. Ngemizamo yentsebenziswano kunye nophando oluqhubekayo, iMali inokugcina ngempumelelo iindawo zayo zendalo ezingcwele kwaye ikhusele ilifa layo lendalo elixabisekileyo kwizizukulwana ezizayo.
