Ukuphonononga iMbali yeSakhiwo esiluhlaza e-Austria

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, i ukubaluleka of ezizinzileyo Zakhiwo kwaye ukwakhiwa eco-friendly izenzo ziye zafumana ukuqondwa okukhulu. Nangona kunjalo, abaninzi banokungazi ukuba iAustria inembali ende iindlela zokwakha eziluhlaza kwaye uthathwa njengovulindlela kwi ulwakhiwo oluzinzileyo. Makhe sijonge ngakumbi kwimbali ye isakhiwo esiluhlaza eOstriya kunye nokudityaniswa kwe umoya ovuselelekayo ekwakheni uyilo kwaye ukwakhiwa.

Imbali yeSakhiwo esiLuhlaza e-Austria Izinto eziphambili zokuThatha

• I-Austria inembali ende ye luhlaza iindlela zokwakha kwaye unguvulindlela kulwakhiwo oluzinzileyo.
• Ukuhlanganiswa kwemithombo yamandla ahlaziyekayo ekuyilweni kwezakhiwo kunye nokwakhiwa yinto ebalulekileyo yesakhiwo esiluhlaza e-Austria.
• Ukubaluleka kwe uyilo oluzinzileyo kwaye ukwakhiwa eco-friendly izenzo ziye zafumana ukuqondwa okukhulu kwiminyaka yakutshanje.

Iziqalo zakwangoko kunye neMigaqo yoYilo oluZinzileyo

Imisebenzi yokwakha eluhlaza kwaye uyilo oluzinzileyo imigaqo zinembali elide eOstriya. Ukuzinikela kwelizwe kwi ulwakhiwo oluhambelana nokusingqongileyo isukela emva koo-1970 kunye no-1980, xa abayili bezakhiwo kunye nabayili baqala ukuzama ezinye izixhobo zokwakha kunye nobuchule bokwakha obutsha.

Enye yezinto eziphambili ze izenzo zokwakha ezizinzileyo eOstriya kusetyenziso lwe izinto ezizinzileyo. Oku kuquka ukudibanisa izinto ezifana neenkuni ezisetyenzisiweyo, uqalo, kunye neebhali zeendiza kuyilo lwesakhiwo nolwakhiwo.

Ukusebenza kwamandla ikwayingqwalasela ephambili yeendlela zokwakha eziluhlaza eAustria. Abayili bezakhiwo kunye nabayili babeka phambili ukusetyenziswa kweenkqubo zokwakha ezisebenza ngamandla, ukusuka ukuxhoma ukungena komoya, ukunciphisa i ukusetyenziswa kwamandla of izakhiwo ngelixa ugcina ukhululekile ngaphakathi indawo.

Imizekelo ephawulekayo yeeprojekthi zokwakha zokuqala eziluhlaza e-Austria ziquka iSolar isixeko eLinz, eyagqitywa phakathi kwiminyaka yee-1990. Olu phuhliso lwezindlu luneempawu ezintsha imigaqo yoyilo oluzinzileyo ezifana neenkqubo zokufudumeza kunye nezokupholisa, ukuvunwa kwamanzi emvula, kunye nemithombo yamandla ehlaziyekayo njenge iiphaneli zesola.

Ngokubanzi, isiqalo sokuqala sesakhiwo esiluhlaza e-Austria sibeka isiseko semigaqo yoyilo oluzinzileyo esasetyenziswayo namhlanje. Ukusetyenziswa kwe izinto ezizinzileyo kwaye izakhiwo ezonga umbane ukuqhubeka nokuba namandla okuqhubela phambili ukuzinikela kwelizwe kwiindlela zokwakha ezinobungani nokusingqongileyo.

Amanyathelo kaRhulumente kunye neMigangatho yoYilo lokusiNgqongileyo

Iindlela zokwakha eziluhlaza eOstriya zibunjwe ngamaphulo karhulumente okukhuthaza ukugcinwa kwendalo. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iOstriya iphumeze ngokungqongqo uyilo lokusingqongileyo imigangatho kunye nemimiselo eye yaba nefuthe elihle kwi ishishini lokwakha.

Elinye lamanyathelo aphambili karhulumente leli “Inkqubo yokwakha eluhlaza,” enenjongo yokwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwe izinto zokwakha ezizinzileyo kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kombane kwizakhiwo. Inkqubo ibonelela ngenkuthazo yezemali kubanini propati kunye ababhekisi ababandakanya iindlela zokwakha eziluhlaza kwiiprojekthi zabo.

Elinye inyathelo elibalulekileyo lelo “Umthetho wokuSebenza ngoKusebenza kwamandla,” ebeka ubuncinane beemfuno zokusebenza kwamandla kwizakhiwo kunye nokukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwemithombo yamandla ahlaziyekayo. Lo mthetho ukwafuna ukuba abanini bezakhiwo bachaze ukonga kwamandla ezakhiwo zabo xa bezithengisa okanye beziqeshisa.

La manyathelo akhokelele ekwandeni okumandla ekwamkelweni kweendlela zoyilo oluzinzileyo nolungenabungozi kokusingqongileyo. Namhlanje, izakhiwo ezininzi ezitsha e-Austria ziyilwe ngokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kunye nokuzinza engqondweni, ukubandakanya iimpawu ezifana nokufudumeza kunye nokupholisa, iinkqubo zokukhanyisa ezisebenzayo, kunye uphahla oluhlaza.

Ugqaliselo lukarhulumente ekuzinzisweni kokusingqongileyo lukwakhokelele kuphuhliso lobugcisa obutsha bokwakha kunye nemathiriyeli. Ngokomzekelo, abaphandi beYunivesithi yaseVienna yeTekhnoloji baye baphuhlisa uhlobo lwekhonkrithi olwenziwa kwizinto ezihlaziyiweyo kwaye luzinzile ngaphezu kwekhonkrithi yendabuko.

Ngamafutshane, amalinge karhulumente kunye uyilo lokusingqongileyo imigangatho idlale indima ebalulekileyo ekubumbeni iindlela zokwakha eluhlaza e Austria. Ezi nzame zikhokelele ekwamkelweni okubanzi kweendlela zokwakha ezizinzileyo kunye nophuhliso lobuchwepheshe obutsha kunye nezixhobo ezikhuthaza uzinzo lokusingqongileyo.

Ukuhlanganiswa koMbane oVuselelwayo kunye noTshintsho

Enye yeenkalo eziphambili zesakhiwo esiluhlaza e-Austria kukudityaniswa kwemithombo yamandla ahlaziyekayo ekuyilweni kwezakhiwo kunye nokwakhiwa. Ilizwe likhaya kwezinye zezinto ezintsha kunye ubuchule bokwakha obuzinzileyo e-Austria.

Ngokomzekelo, i BioHaus eVienna ivelele njengomzekelo obalaseleyo wesakhiwo esibonisayo ukuhlanganiswa kwamandla ahlaziyekayo kunye nezenzo zokwakha ezizinzileyo. Esi sakhiwo sixhomekeke kuyilo lwelanga, olunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngelixa ukhulisa ukukhanya kwendalo kunye nobushushu. Uphahla lwesakhiwo lubonisa iipaneli ze-photovoltaic ezivelisa umbane, ngelixa iindonga zifakwe kwi-cellulose, izinto ezizinzileyo ezenziwe kwiphephandaba elihlaziyiweyo.

I-Austria ikwalikhaya kwezinye zezona teknoloji zokwakha ezizinzileyo, ezifana nenkqubo yophahla oluluhlaza. Le nkqubo ibandakanya ukugquma uphahla ngezityalo, ezingaboneleli nje kuphela ukugquma nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kodwa ziphucule. umgangatho womoya kwaye kunciphisa isiqithi sobushushu bedolophu isiphumo. Inkqubo yephahla eluhlaza ihlanganiswe ngempumelelo kwizakhiwo ezahlukahlukeneyo e-Austria, kuquka i-University of Graz Library kunye nekomkhulu leBhanki yase-Austria.

Eminye imithombo yamandla ehlaziyekayo ehlaziyayo iquka ukufudumeza kwe-geothermal kunye neenkqubo zokupholisa, ezisebenzisa ubushushu bendalo bomhlaba ukulawula ubushushu besakhiwo. Urhulumente womanyano waseAustria ube negalelo ekukhuthazeni ukudityaniswa kwamandla ahlaziyekayo kuyilo lwesakhiwo. Ngokuziswa kweenkuthazo ezahlukeneyo ezifana nenkxaso-mali kunye nekhefu lerhafu, urhulumente ukhuthaze abakhi ukuba babandakanye iindlela zokwakha ezizinzileyo kuyilo lwabo.

Ukudityaniswa kwemithombo yamandla ahlaziyekayo kuyilo lwesakhiwo kunye nolwakhiwo lububungqina bokuzinikela kweAustria Uphuhliso oluphathekayo. Ngeendlela ezintsha nezizinzileyo zokwakha, ilizwe likhokela intshukumo yokwakha eluhlaza kwihlabathi liphela.

IiProjekthi zoKwakha eziLandmark Green

Ukutyhubela iminyaka, iOstriya ibone imizekelo ephawulekayo ye uyilo oluzinzileyo kunye nezenzo zokwakha eziluhlaza, ukumisela umgangatho omtsha wolwakhiwo oluhambelana nokusingqongileyo. Enye yezo projekthi zibalulekileyo yile Indlu yoMculo eVienna, eyilwe nguFrank Gehry, ebonisa i-façade ekhethekileyo eyenziwe ngezinto ezihlaziyiweyo kwaye idibanisa iiphaneli zelanga zokuvelisa amandla.

Enye iprojekthi yokwakha eluhlaza ephawulekayo e-Austria yi Wohnhaus eGraz, eyilwe nguRiegler Riewe Architects. Esi sakhiwo sibonisa uphahla oluluhlaza, inkqubo yokungenisa umoya entsha, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe izinto ezizinzileyo ezifana neenkuni kunye neglasi.

iprojekthi	inkcazelo
Indlu yoMculo, eVienna	I-façade ekhethekileyo eyenziwe ngezinto ezihlaziyiweyo kunye nokubandakanya iipaneli zelanga
Wohnhaus, Graz	Uphahla oluluhlaza, inkqubo yokungenisa umoya entsha, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezinto ezizinzileyo ezifana neenkuni kunye neglasi

Ezi projekthi zibonisa ukuguquguquka kunye nokubakho koyilo oluzinzileyo, engqina oko ukwakhiwa eco-friendly izenzo zinokuba nomtsalane ngobuhle kwaye zivelise izinto ezintsha. Baye bancedisa nokukhuthaza ukukhula kweendlela zokwakha eziluhlaza e-Austria, zikhuthaza uphuhliso olutsha kunye nezinto ezintsha kwintsimi.

Imfundo noQeqesho lweZakhiwo eziZinzileyo

Imfundo kunye uqeqesho zibalulekile ekukhuthazeni iindlela zokwakha eziluhlaza kwaye ubuchule bokwakha obuzinzileyo e-Austria. Ngemfuno ekhulayo yolwakhiwo oluhambelana nokusingqongileyo, kubalulekile ukuba iingcali zokwakha zixhotyiswe ngolwazi oluyimfuneko kunye nezakhono zokuhlangabezana nezi mfuno.

I-Austrian Institute for Sustainable Building ibonelela ngoqeqesho neenkqubo zemfundo kwiingcali zokwakha, abakhi bezakhiwo, kunye njineli. Iinkqubo zigubungela izihloko ezahlukeneyo ezifana noyilo lolwakhiwo olusebenza ngamandla, izixhobo ezizinzileyo, kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwamandla avuselelekayo. Ezi nkqubo zenza ukuba iingcali zihlale zinolwazi malunga neentsingiselo zamva nje kunye netekhnoloji kwimisebenzi yokwakha ezinzileyo.

Ngaphezu koko, urhulumente wase-Austria uye wazisa amanyathelo ahlukeneyo kunye nezikimu zenkxaso-mali ukuxhasa imfundo kunye noqeqesho lokwakha oluzinzileyo. I-Austrian Climate and Energy Fund inikezela ngenkxaso yemali kwimfundo kunye neenkqubo zoqeqesho ezijolise kuyilo lolwakhiwo olusebenza ngamandla kunye nolwakhiwo. izenzo zokwakha ezizinzileyo.

The ukuqaliswa of ubuchule bokwakha obuzinzileyo e-Austria ifuna iinzame zentsebenziswano phakathi kwabachaphazelekayo abahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa iingcali zokwakha, amaqumrhu karhulumente, kunye namaziko emfundo. Ngokubonelela ngamathuba emfundo kunye noqeqesho, i-Austria ithatha inyathelo elibalulekileyo ekukhuthazeni imisebenzi yokwakha ezinzileyo kunye neyokusingqongileyo.

isiphelo

Ukuqukumbela, iAustria inembali etyebileyo yesakhiwo esiluhlaza esithatha amashumi eminyaka. Ukususela ekuqaleni kugxilwe kwimigaqo yoyilo oluzinzileyo kunye izakhiwo ezonga umbane kwiiprojekthi ezibalulekileyo ezibonisa indibaniselwano ye amandla ahlaziyekayo ekwakheni uyilo nolwakhiwo, ilizwe libe negalelo elikhulu kwintshukumo yokwakha eluhlaza.

Urhulumente udlale indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuthazeni iindlela zokwakha eziluhlaza, ukuphuhlisa uyilo lokusingqongileyo imigangatho nemimiselo egxininisa uyilo oluzinzileyo nolungenabungozi kokusingqongileyo. Olu gxininiso lokuzinza luye lwakhokelela ekukhuleni kweendlela zokwakha eziluhlaza e-Austria, kugxininisa ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezizinzileyo kunye nobuchule bokwakha obuzinzileyo kunye nobuchwepheshe.

Ukubaluleka kweMfundo noQeqesho

Imfundo kunye noqeqesho zibalulekile ekukhuthazeni iindlela zokwakha eziluhlaza e-Austria. Amanyathelo okuqala kunye neenkqubo ezininzi zibonelela ngoqeqesho kwiingcali kushishino lokwakha, egxininisa kubuchule bokwakha obuzinzileyo. Oku kunceda ukukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kweendlela zokwakha ezilungele i-eco-friendly, izixhobo zokwakha ezizinzileyo, kunye itekhnoloji yokudala ukufezekisa iiprojekthi ezonga amandla kunye nezingasingqongileyo.

Ukuqukumbela, intshukumo yokwakha eluhlaza yaseAustria imiselwe ukuqhubeka nokukhula, kunye nemizamo eqhubekayo yokukhuthaza imisebenzi yokwakha ezinzileyo kunye nokunciphisa. ifuthe kwindalo esingqongileyo. Iinzame ezinjalo ziya kuqhubeka nokubumba ikamva leshishini lokwakha e-Austria, liguqule libe yinkokeli yehlabathi kwiindlela zokwakha eziluhlaza.

FAQ

Umbuzo: Yintoni isakhiwo esiluhlaza?

IMPENDULO: Isakhiwo esiluhlaza sibhekisa kulwakhiwo lwezakhiwo ngendlela enoxanduva lokusingqongileyo neyonga izixhobo. Oku kubandakanya ukusebenzisa izinto ezizinzileyo, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, kunye ukudibanisa imithombo yamandla ahlaziyekayo.

Umbuzo: Kutheni kubalulekile ukwakha uhlaza?

IMPENDULO: Isakhiwo esiluhlaza sibalulekile kuba sinceda ukunciphisa ifuthe elibi lolwakhiwo kokusingqongileyo. Ikhuthaza ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla, inciphisa inkcitho, kwaye ilondoloze Uvimba wendalo. Ukongezelela, izakhiwo eziluhlaza bonelela ngeendawo ezisempilweni nezitofotofo kubahlali.

Umbuzo: Yeyiphi eminye imizekelo yezinto zokwakha ezizinzileyo?

A: Eminye imizekelo yezinto zokwakha ezizinzileyo ziquka i-bamboo, iinkuni ezibuyiselweyo, ikhonkrithi esetyenzisiweyo, kunye neepeyinti zeVOC eziphantsi. Ezi zixhobo ziyakwazi ukuvuselelwa, zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala khona xa zithelekiswa nezinto zokwakha zemveli.

Umbuzo: Isakhiwo esiluhlaza sinegalelo njani ekusebenzeni kwamandla?

IMPENDULO: Isakhiwo esiluhlaza sibandakanya imigaqo yoyilo yokuwonga amandla, njengokugquma okufanelekileyo, iinkqubo zokukhanyisa ezonga umbane, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemithombo yamandla ehlaziyekayo njengeepaneli zelanga. La manyathelo anciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye ukukhutshwa kwegesi.

Umbuzo: Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziqinisekiso okanye imigangatho yezakhiwo eziluhlaza?

A: Ewe, kukho iziqinisekiso ezininzi kunye nemigangatho yezakhiwo eziluhlaza, ezifana ne-LEED (iNkokeli kuMandla kunye noYilo lweNdalo) kunye ne-BREEAM (iNdlela yoVavanyo lweNdawo yokuSekwa ​​koPhando). Ezi ziqinisekiso zivavanya ukugcinwa kokusebenza kwezakhiwo ngokusekelwe kwiikhrayitheriya ezahlukeneyo.

Umbuzo: Ndingenza njani ukuba isakhiwo sam esele sikhona silondolozeke ngakumbi?

IMPENDULO: Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokwenza isakhiwo esele sikhona silondolozeke ngakumbi. Oku kuquka ukuphuculwa kokugquma, ukuphuculwa kwezixokelelwano zokukhanyisa kwii-LED ezingawonga amandla, ukufakela izixhobo zamanzi ezihamba kancinci, kunye nokuqhuba uphicotho-zincwadi lwamandla ukuchonga iindawo ekufuneka ziphuculwe.

Umbuzo: Ziziphi iingenelo zesakhiwo esiluhlaza kubahlali?

A: Izakhiwo eziluhlaza zibonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi kubahlali, kubandakanywa nokuphuculwa umgangatho womoya wangaphakathi, ukwanda kwemini yendalo, kunye nolawulo olungcono lobushushu. Ezi zinto zinegalelo kubomi obunempilo nobutofotofo okanye indawo yokusebenza.

Umbuzo: Isakhiwo esiluhlaza sinegalelo njani ekunciphiseni ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni?

A: Isakhiwo esiluhlaza sinciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo ezonga amandla, ukudibanisa imithombo yamandla ahlaziyekayo, kunye nokukhuthaza uthutho oluzinzileyo iinketho. Ngokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nokuxhomekeka ifosili yeefuweli, izakhiwo eziluhlaza zinceda ukulwa imo iyatshintsha.

Umbuzo: Ngaba kukho nayiphi na inkuthazo yemali kwiiprojekthi zokwakha eziluhlaza?

IMPENDULO: Ewe, oorhulumente abaninzi kunye nemibutho banikezela ngenkuthazo yemali kwiiprojekthi zokwakha eziluhlaza. Ezi nkuthazo zinokubandakanya iikhredithi zerhafu, izibonelelo, kunye nemali-mboleko enenzala ephantsi. Ukongezelela, izakhiwo eziluhlaza zihlala zineendleko eziphantsi zokusebenza kunye nexabiso eliphezulu lokuthengisa kwakhona, ukubonelela ngeenzuzo zemali zexesha elide.

 

Ungathanda inqaku lentshayelelo malunga Isakhiwo esiluhlaza e-Austria.