Vancouver Izinto zokwakha ezizinzileyo Trends

Vancouver, i emzini phambili ekuqondeni kokusingqongileyo, ukhokela intlawulo ulwakhiwo oluzinzileyo izenzo. Indawo ukwakhiwa ishishini liqhuba inguqu ebalulekileyo, ngokugxila ngokutsha ekunciphiseni ifuthe kwindalo esingqongileyo kunye nokudala iindawo zokuhlala ezisempilweni kubahlali¹. Iindlela eziphambili ezibumba ikamva lezindlu eVancouver ziquka ukunyuka kwe-net-zero amandla amakhaya, ukwanda kokusetyenziswa kwe-eco-friendly kunye nemithombo yasekhaya. izinto zokwakha, indibaniselwano ye luhlaza amaphahla kunye iindonga zokuhlala, kwaye i ukuqaliswa yamanzi ahambele phambili nokugcinwa iinkqubo¹. Ezi ndlela zintsha azihambelani kuphela nenjongo yesixeko yokuba yeyona ndawo iluhlaza emhlabeni, kodwa zikwakhawulelana nemfuno ekhulayo yamakhaya azinzileyo, awonga amandla, kunye nendalo phakathi kwabahlali baseVancouver.

• IVancouver inkqenkqeza phambili izenzo zokwakha ezizinzileyo, eqhutywa kukuqaphela okusingqongileyo kunye neenjongo eziluhlaza zesixeko.
• Amakhaya anamandla e-Net-zero, izinto zokwakha ezizinzileyo, uphahla oluhlaza neendonga zokuhlala, kunye ulondolozo lwamanzi iinkqubo ziguqula ubume bezindlu zasekuhlaleni.
• Eco-friendly kunye imathiriyeli efumaneka ekuhlaleninjengentsimbi esetyenzisiweyo, nokwadala uqalo, kunye neglasi ehlaziyiweyo kunye nekhonkrithi, ziya zisetyenziswa ngakumbi kulwakhiwo lwezindlu ezitsha.
• Iiteknoloji ezintsha, njengemigangatho yePassive House, iinkqubo zasekhaya ezihlakaniphile, kunye ukuhlanganiswa kwamandla ahlaziyekayo, zamkelwa ukuze ziphucule ukusebenza kwamandla kwaye nokuzinza.
• Inguqu yoshishino lolwakhiwo ekuzinzeni inceda iVancouver ifezekise umbono wayo wokuba sesona sixeko siluhlaza ehlabathini.

IVancouver isakhiwo esiluhlaza ishishini liyakhula, kugxilwe kwiindlela zokwakha ezifanelekileyo kunye nokusebenza. Luhlaza Architecture, Uhlaziyo oluZinzileyo, yaye Amakhaya Awonga Amandla ziye zaba ziimpawu zomhlaba wokwakha wesixeko, ziqhutywa ziinjongo zamabhongo zokusingqongileyo kunye nokuzinikela ekunciphiseni. imo iyatshintsha.

Izakhiwo ngowona mthombo wesibini ngobukhulu ukukhutshwa kwegesi kwiMetro Vancouver, ikhupha iitoni ezingaphezulu kwezigidi ezine ngonyaka, malunga ne-25% yento ekhutshwayo yonyaka iyonke.². Ulwakhiwo ngomnye wabaqeshi abakhulu bommandla ngokwecandelo, kwaye izakhiwo kulapho abantu bachitha malunga ne-90% yexesha labo.². Indlela yokwakha eluhlaza eVancouver ibandakanya izakhiwo ezikhutshwayo zero, ezibonisa izinto eziphantsi okanye ezine-carbon-negative, amacandelo ajikelezayo, kwaye ziyakwazi ukumelana nokutshintsha kwemozulu.².

Isixeko sijolise ekunciphiseni ukukhutshwa kwerhasi yegreenhouse evela kwizakhiwo, ekungoku nje ithatha malunga ne-25% yemveliso yonyaka iyonke.². Iinjongo zokwakha indalo yeVancouver zibandakanya ukufezekisa ukukhutshwa kwe-zero, usebenzisa izinto eziphantsi okanye ezichasene nekhabhoni, ukuyila ngamacandelo kunye neenkqubo ezijikelezayo, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukomelela xa ujongene nokutshintsha kwemozulu.². Ezi njongo zibe nefuthe elikhulu kwiindlela zokwakha zasekuhlaleni, ukuqhuba ezintsha kwimathiriyeli, uyilo, kunye nobuchwepheshe.

Indlela yokwakha eluhlaza eVancouver ibangele izakhiwo ezisebenza ngamandla, ezinempilo, kunye neendleko ezisebenzayo.². Ukusebenzisa ikhabhoni ene-low-embodyed okanye izinto ezigciniweyo neziphinda zisetyenziswe ekwakhiweni kunokunciphisa iindleko. Imibhalo yenyawo yekhabhoni, kunye nokuphucula imbono yoluntu². I-Decarbonizing iinkqubo zoomatshini ngokusebenzisa itekhnoloji efana neempompo zobushushu kunye ne-ventilators zokubuyisela ubushushu kunokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nokunceda ukufezekisa. zero carbon izakhiwo². Utyalo-mali kwisiza umoya ovuselelekayo isizukulwana okanye ugcino luphucula ukomelela kwisiza kwaye lunokugcina ukusebenza kolwakhiwo ngexesha leentlekele². Iinkqubo zokuvelisa ngaphandle kwendawo, njengokwakhiwa kweemodyuli, zinokunyusa isantya sokwakha, umgangatho, kunye nokudibanisa inkqubo².

"Iinjongo zeVancouver zokwakha indalo esingqongileyo ziquka ukuphumeza ukukhutshwa kwe-zero, ukusebenzisa izinto eziphantsi okanye ezingenayo i-carbon-negative, ukuyila ngezinto ezijikelezayo kunye neenkqubo, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukomelela xa ujongene nokutshintsha kwemozulu."

Umhlaba wokwakha ozinzileyo weVancouver uyatshintshwa ngokunyuka kwe-net-zero amandla amakhaya. Ezi ndawo zokuhlala zintsha ziyilelwe ukuvelisa amandla ahlaziyekayo amaninzi njengoko zisebenzisa rhoqo ngonyaka, ziphawula utshintsho olubalulekileyo malunga Ulwakhiwo lweCarbon-Neutral kwaye Amakhaya Awonga Amandla³.

Embindini wezindlu zamandla ene-net-zero zibuchwephesha bokwakha obuphambili, izixhobo zokusebenza eziphezulu, kunye nokudityaniswa ngaphandle komthungo. iinkqubo zamandla ahlaziyekayo. Ukutywinwa okuchanekileyo, okuphezulu ukuxhoma, kunye neefestile kunye neengcango ezonga umbane zisebenza ngemvisiswano ukunciphisa iimfuno zamandla³. Itekhnoloji ehlaziyekayo njenge iiphaneli zesola okanye iinkqubo ze-geothermal ke zivelisa amandla ayimfuneko, zidala umjikelo wamandla ozigcinayo³.

Izibonelelo ze-net-zero zamakhaya zamandla zinkulu, kubandakanywa iindleko ezincitshisiweyo zokusetyenziswa, ukuncitshiswa kokuthembela ifosili yeefuweli, kunye nokunyuka kwamaxabiso epropathi ngenxa yokunyuka kwemfuno ubomi obuzinzileyo³. Ngaphezu koko, iindleko zombane zaseBritish Columbia kunye imimiselo yendalo yenza ukuba imeko yezemali yolwakhiwo lwe-net-zero lunyanzelise ngakumbi³.

Ukufikelela kwi-net-zero yokwenyani yamandla, nangona kunjalo, kufuna ingqalelo engagungqiyo kwiinkcukacha kunye nokuzinikela kubuchule bokwakha bokusebenza okuphezulu.³. Ubuchule bobugcisa budlala indima ebalulekileyo, njengoko izinto ezifana nokutywinwa, ukugquma, kunye nokuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo kweenkqubo zamandla ahlaziyekayo kunempembelelo ngqo ekusebenzeni kwamandla ekhaya.³.

Ukuqaphela i ukubaluleka yale ndlela idityanisiweyo, abakhi basekhaya abafana ne-RDC Fine Homes benze ulwakhiwo lwe-net-zero lwamandla lube yinto ephambili. Ugxininiso lwabo kubuchwephesha obuphezulu kunye nenkqubo yoyilo edibeneyo iqinisekisa ukuba yonke imiba yekhaya isebenza kunye kwasekuqaleni, ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kunye nokubonelela ngezisombululo ezizinzileyo ezilungiselelwe imozulu eyahlukeneyo yaseBritish Columbia.³.

Njengoko Vancouver iyaqhubeka ukukhokela intlawulo ukuya Ulwakhiwo lweCarbon-Neutral kwaye Amakhaya Awonga Amandla, amakhaya ane-net-zero ene-eneji alungele ukudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekubumbeni ikamva lokuphila okuzinzileyo esixekweni.⁴⁵.

Kwiphulo leVancouver lekamva eliluhlaza, ukukhethwa kwezinto zokwakha ezizinzileyo kudlala indima ebalulekileyo. Ukusuka kwintsimbi ehlaziyiweyo kunye nekhonkrithi ukuya kwiinketho ezifumaneka ekuhlaleni, isixeko siphambili kwizinto ezintsha ukwakhiwa eco-friendly izisombululo⁶.

Izixhobo zokwakha ezihlaziyiweyo, ezifana nentsimbi kunye nekhonkrithi, bafumana ukutsalana kwiVancouver's ishishini lokwakha. Ezi zixhobo zinciphisa imfuno yemithombo entsha ekrwada, inciphisa kakhulu i-carbon footprint yezakhiwo⁶. Ukusetyenziswa kwentsimbi ehlaziyiweyo kunye nekhonkrithi ayizuzi kuphela indawo kodwa ikwaphakamisa ukuqina nokomelela kwezakhiwo, izenza zixhotyiswe ngcono ukumelana neempembelelo zokutshintsha kwemozulu.

Ukwanga imathiriyeli efumaneka ekuhlaleni ngomnye umba ophambili wokwakha oluzinzileyo eVancouver. Ngokuxhasa amashishini engingqi, afana necandelo lamaplanga eBritish Columbia elikhulayo, ezi zenzo zinegalelo eku uqoqosho olujikelezayo kunye nokukhuthaza ukudalwa kwemisebenzi yasekhaya⁷. Ngaphezu koko, ukuncitshiswa kokukhutshwa kwezothutho okunxulumene ne imathiriyeli efumaneka ekuhlaleni ukwandisa ngakumbi iziqinisekiso zokusingqongileyo zezi projekthi.

Ngaphaya kwezixhobo zokwakha zemveli, indawo yolwakhiwo oluzinzileyo lweVancouver ibona ukunyuka kweendlela ezintsha ezizezinye eco-friendly. Umgangatho woqalo, umzekelo, inika isisombululo esomeleleyo nesibukekayo esinokuhlaziywa kunye ne-biodegradable⁶. Ezinye izinto ezintsha ezifana neglasi esetyenzisiweyo kunye nekhonkrithi enefuthe eliphantsi nazo zizuza ukuthandwa, zibonisa ukuzinikela kwesixeko ekutyhaleni imida yedolophu. uyilo oluzinzileyo.

Ezi zixhobo zokwakha ezizinzileyo azixhamli nje kuphela okusingqongileyo kodwa zikwanegalelo ekomeleleni kwexesha elide kunye nobuhle bezakhiwo zeVancouver. Ngokubeka phambili izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo ezisetyenzisiweyo, ezifumaneka ekuhlaleni, kunye nentshayelelo ye-eco-friendly, isixeko sikhokela indlela ekudaleni uzinzo ngakumbi. indawo eyakhelweyo⁷.

“Izixhobo zokwakha ezizinzileyo zibalulekile ekubumbeni ikamva eliluhlaza leVancouver. Ngokwamkela iinketho ezihlaziyiweyo, ezifumaneka ekuhlaleni, kunye nezintsha ezisebenzisekayo eco-friendly, asenzi nje ukuthoba ifuthe lethu kokusingqongileyo kodwa sikwadala izakhiwo ezakhelwe ukuhlala.”

– UJane Doe, uMcebisi kwiZakhiwo eziZinzileyo

Imbonakalo yedolophu yaseVancouver iqhuba inguqu eluhlaza, kunye nokudityaniswa kweempawu ze-eco-friendly zolwakhiwo ziya zixhaphaka. Uphahla oluluhlaza kwaye iindonga zokuhlala zizisombululo ezibini ezinjalo ezizinzileyo ezifumana ukuthandwa esixekweni, zibonelela ngoluhlu lweenzuzo kuzo zombini izakhiwo kunye nokusingqongileyo okungqongileyo.⁸.

Ezi zinto ziluhlaza aziphuculi kuphela eziphilayo kunye nokunciphisa ukubaleka kwamanzi esiphango, kodwa zikwanegalelo ekuphuculeni umgangatho womoya ngokufunxa izinto ezingcolisayo kunye nokuvelisa ioksijini⁸. Uphahla oluluhlaza lubonelela ngokugquma kwendalo, ukugcina izakhiwo zipholile ehlotyeni kwaye zifudumale ebusika, ngaloo ndlela zinciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye neendleko⁸. Iindonga zokuhlala, kwelinye icala, zongeza umtsalane wobuhle bendalo kwiindawo zasezidolophini, ukudibanisa indalo kwindawo eyakhiweyo kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi bubonke kubahlali⁹.

Ikhokela intlawulo kule revolution yezokwakha eluhlaza yiArchitek, inkampani ebiphambili kwizakhiwo zokuhlala ukusukela ngo-2007.⁹. I-Architek inikezela ngoluhlu lobuchule, kubandakanya ukuyila, ukubonisana, kunye nemfundo, kuphahla oluluhlaza, iindonga zokuhlala, iifacade eziluhlaza kunye nesiza. Ulawulo lwamanzi izisombululo⁹. Iinkqubo zophahla eziluhlaza zenkampani, ezaziwa ngokuba yi-ECO SEDUM TRAYS, zifaneleke ngakumbi kubanikazi bezindlu kunye neeprojekthi ezincinci, ukujongana nemfuno ekhulayo yezisombululo ezizinzileyo nezisebenzisekayo.¹⁰.

Izitiya ezithe nkqo kunye neefacade eziluhlaza ziye zanda kakhulu eVancouver, njengoko zingaphuculi kuphela umgangatho womoya kunye nengxolo ethomalalisayo kodwa zongeza ubuhle bendalo kunye nomlingiswa kwiindawo zasedolophini.⁹¹⁰. I-Architek igxininisa indlela edibeneyo yokulawula isayithi-amanzi, ukudibanisa ukuyila, iimveliso eziphambili, ukufakela, kunye neenkonzo zolawulo lweprojekthi ukudala iinkqubo zokulondoloza amanzi ezibanzi nezisebenzayo.¹⁰.

Ngokudibanisa ngaphandle komthungo uphahla oluluhlaza, iindonga zokuhlala, kunye nezinye izinto zokwakha ezizinzileyo, iVancouver inkqenkqeza phambili ekudaleni iindawo ezihlala idolophini eziphileka ngakumbi, ezinobungani bendalo, kunye nokwaneliseka ngobuhle.⁸⁹¹⁰.

"I-Architek yamkelwa njengenkokeli yezakhiwo zokuhlala eCanada, kunye neengcali eziqinisekisiweyo zophahla oluluhlaza kunye newaranti epheleleyo kwiinkqubo zabo zophahla oluluhlaza."

Uzinzo yinto ephambili ephambili kwishishini lokwakha eVancouver, kwaye ulondolozo lwamanzi ludlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphumezeni iinjongo zokusingqongileyo zesixeko.¹¹. Architek Group of Companies, inkokeli kwi ukwakhiwa eco-friendly, isebenzisana neRope + Cable Canada ukuphuhlisa izisombululo ezintsha zolondolozo lwamanzi ngokusebenzisa yabo design biophilic ulwakhiwo, kugxininiswa Ulawulo lwamanzi emvula njengento ephambili eqhutywa siSicwangciso saManzi seMvula yeSixeko saseVancouver¹¹.

Esinye isisombululo esinjalo yi-Eco Sedum Trays evela kwi-Architek, ephuhliswe ngokubambisana ne-Ecovegetal. Ezi phambili ukugcinwa kwamanzi iinkqubo zibonakalisa izakhiwo ze-honeycomb kunye ne-drainage eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi, ukulawula ngokufanelekileyo amanzi angaphezulu kwamaphahla aluhlaza¹¹. Iindleko zophahla oluluhlaza zinokwahluka kakhulu ngokusekelwe kwizinto eziguquguqukayo zeprojekthi ezifana nobukhulu bophahla, isityalo. iintlobo Ukukhethwa, izinto ezisetyenziswa ngexesha lofakelo, ukufakwa kwezinto ezongezelelweyo njengeenkqubo zokunkcenkceshela, kunye neemeko zemozulu zasekhaya.¹¹.

I-Architek iphinda igxininise ukuqwalaselwa kokulayishwa kwesakhiwo kunye nokukhethwa kwezityalo ngokusekelwe kwiimeko zemozulu, ukuqinisekisa ubomi obude kunye nokuzinza kweegadi ezithe nkqo okanye iindonga zokuhlala kuzo zombini izicelo zangaphakathi nangaphandle kwimimandla efana neVancouver.¹¹. Iifacade eziluhlaza ezibonelelwe nguArchitek zongeza indawo eluhlaza kwimihlaba yasezidolophini, inegalelo kumgangatho ongcono womoya, ukucutha ingxolo, kunye nobuhle obubonakalayo ngelixa iyindlela enexabiso eliphantsi kwiindonga eziluhlaza.¹¹.

Iinzame zolawulo lwamanzi ezizinzileyo ze-Architek zijolise ekunciphiseni amanzi esiphango kunye nezisombululo zolondolozo ngokusebenzisana noluntu. Zobunjineli amaqabane, ukunceda ukunciphisa izikhukhula kunye noxinzelelo kwiinkqubo zokuhambisa amanzi esixekweni ngokugcinwa kwamanzi kunye nokuhanjiswa kwamanzi¹¹. Uphahla oluluhlaza oluvela kwi-Architek lunegalelo ekupholiseni imimandla yasezidolophini ngokunciphisa isiphumo sesiqithi sobushushu, ukubonelela ngesiphumo sokupholisa kabini ngokusebenzayo ngokomndilili, kunye nokudibanisa i-photovoltaics yokwandisa amandla okusebenza kunye neenzuzo ezinokufikelela kwi-33%¹¹.

IsiXeko saseVancouver sikhokelela ekwakhiweni okuzinzileyo, sifuna zonke izakhiwo zikamasipala ezintsha ukuba zakhiwe kwimigangatho ye-LEED yeGolide, umgangatho ophezulu kunoma yimuphi umasipala eMntla Melika.¹². Iiprojekthi ezininzi ezingumzekelo, ezifana neZiko loLuntu laseSunset, iZiko loLuntu laseCreekside, kunye neZiko leeNdwendwe zeGadi leVanDusen Botanical Garden, zibonisa ukuzinikela kwesixeko uyilo eco-friendly kunye nokugcinwa kwamanzi¹².

Ukusuka kuhlaziyo oluwonga amandla ukuya kwiinkqubo zolawulo lwamanzi ezingcakacileyo, ishishini lokwakha eVancouver livula indlela yokufumana ngakumbi. ikamva elizinzileyo, emisela umzekelo imizi kumhlaba jikelele¹².

“Ulawulo lwamanzi oluzinzileyo lubalulekile kwikamva lesixeko sethu.Ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo zolondolozo ezikumgangatho ophezulu, asehlisi nje ifuthe lethu lokusingqongileyo kodwa siqinisekisa ukomelela kwethu ixesha elide. iziseko. "

– UJane Doe, uMphathi woZinzo kwiSixeko saseVancouver

Umgangatho wePassive House ufumana ukutsaleka okubalulekileyo eVancouver, unikezela ingqwalasela kumandla asebenzayo kunye noyilo oluzinzileyo lwekhaya.¹³. Ezi zindlu ziyilelwe ukusebenzisa ukuya kutsho kuma-90% amandla angaphantsi ekufudumezelweni nasekupholiseni xa kuthelekiswa neendawo zokuhlala zesintu¹³. Iimpawu eziphambili zokwakhiwa kwePassive House ziquka i-superinsulation, iimvulophu zokwakha ezingenamoya, kunye nokubuyisela ubushushu umoya Iinkqubo.

Ukwamkelwa kwePassive House imigangatho yeVancouver ihambelana ngokusondeleyo neenjongo zozinzo zesixeko.¹³. Ibhunga livume imimiselo egunyazisa ukuncitshiswa kokukhutshwa kwerhasi yegreenhouse, ilahleko yobushushu eshiyekileyo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla apheleleyo kwizakhiwo ezitsha zosapho kunye nezorhwebo.¹³. Esi sakhiwo solawulo, siphunyezwe ngo-2019, kulindeleke ukuba siqhube ukwamkelwa kweshishini ngokubanzi, kunye ne-55% ukuya kwi-70% yeemvume zokwakha ezintsha eBritish Columbia ebambelela kwi-BC Energy Step Code ekupheleni kuka-2019.¹³.

Ngo-Epreli ka-2024, iMigangatho yokuKhuselwa kweZero yesixeko iya kuqala ukusebenza, ifuna iPassive House Classic, iPremium, okanye isatifikethi sokuPlus, kunye nomgangatho wePassive House EnerPHit kwizakhiwo ezikhoyo.¹⁴. ababhekisi ukukhangela iyantlukwano yocando kunokufaka isicelo sokulingana nezinye iinkqubo zokulinganisa ezamkelweyo, kodwa kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ukufaneleka kwabasebenzi besixeko.¹⁴. Ukuxhasa olu tshintsho, isixeko sibonelela ngenkuthazo engaphezulu kwezigidi ezingama-50 zeerandi zofakelo lwempompo yobushushu, sikhuthaza ukwamkelwa kokufudumeza kwamandla avuselelekayo kunye neenkqubo zamanzi ashushu.¹³.

Ukusekwa kweZero Emissions Building Exchange (ZEBx) ngo-2018 kubonisa ngakumbi ukuzibophelela kweVancouver ekwakheni amakhaya asebenza ngamandla kwaye azinzileyo.¹³. Eli phulo lijolise ekwandiseni amandla oshishino kunye nomdla wokwakha izakhiwo ezingakhuphi kukhutshwa msi, ngokuhambelana neSicwangciso soKwakha iZero Emissions yesixeko.

Omnye umzekelo onjalo yi-OneSEED Passive House design prototype, ebandakanya iimpawu ezinje ngeendonga ezigqunywe kakhulu, uphahla, kunye nemigangatho, iifestile ezisebenza kakuhle, izixhobo ezisebenza ngamanzi kunye nezixhobo zombane, inkqubo yokugcina amanzi emvula, kunye nezinto zokwakha ezizinzileyo.¹⁵. Iprototype iyilwe kunye nesatifikethi sePassive House engqondweni, nangona isatifikethi sokugqibela sinokunikezelwa kuphela ekugqityweni kolwakhiwo.¹⁵. Ukongeza, uyilo lwe-OneSEED lubonelela ngophuculo lwenkqubo efana nokuphinda kusetyenziswe amanzi amdaka, i-photovoltaics, i-geothermal, kunye namanzi ashushu elanga ukomeleza uzinzo ngakumbi.¹⁵.

Ukwamkelwa kwemigangatho yePassive House eVancouver bubungqina bokuzinikela kwesi sixeko ekunciphiseni ifuthe lobunini bezindlu kunye nokuvula indlela yekamva elizinzileyo.¹³. Le migaqo yoyilo eyonga amandla kunye ne-eco-conscious ayipheleli nje ekubeni negalelo kwiinjongo zemozulu zesixeko kodwa ikwabonelela ngogcino lwamandla ixesha elide kubaninimzi, nto leyo ebenza babe lukhetho olunomtsalane ngakumbi ukulungiswa okuzinzileyo kunye ezintsha iiprojekthi zokwakha.

Itekhnoloji yasekhaya ehlakaniphile iguqula isakhiwo esizinzileyo eVancouver. Iinkqubo zokujonga amandla zivumela abaninimzi ukuba balandele kwaye bandise ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngexesha lokwenyani¹⁶¹⁷. Iyazenzekela Ulawulo lwemozulu Izisombululo, ezinjengee-thermostats ezihlakaniphile, lungisa amaqondo obushushu ngokusekwe kwindawo yokuhlala kunye nexesha lemini, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla.¹⁶. Iinkqubo zokukhanyisa ngobuchule zicima izibane xa kungekho mfuneko, zonga umbane kwaye zandisa ubomi beebhalbhu¹⁶.

Ezi teknoloji zinciphisa kakhulu ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwaye zinegalelo kwindlela yokuphila ezinzileyo kumakhaya anamhlanje eVancouver. Enyanisweni, izakhiwo ezihlakaniphile zinokunciphisa zombini iindleko zokusebenza kunye namandla malunga ne-25%¹⁶. Ukongeza, izakhiwo ezihlakaniphile zixhotyiswe nge AI, ML, kunye ne-automation technologies inceda ukwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla¹⁶.

Iinkqubo zokubeka iliso zamandla zivumela abaninimzi ukuba balandele ukusetyenziswa kwamandla abo ngexesha langempela, ukubaxhobisa ukuba benze izigqibo ezinolwazi malunga nokusetyenziswa kwabo kwamandla. Nge-71% yabanini bezindlu baseCanada abanomdla wokudibanisa iinkqubo zokubeka iliso kumakhaya abo¹⁷, ezi nkqubo ziya zithandwa kakhulu kumakhaya azinzileyo eVancouver.

I-Smart thermostats kunye nezinye izisombululo zokulawula imozulu ezizenzekelayo zihlengahlengisa amaqondo obushushu ngokusekwe kwindawo yokuhlala kunye nexesha lemini, ukuqinisekisa ukuba amandla awachithwanga ukufudumeza okanye ukupholisa amagumbi angenanto. Nge-76% yabaninimzi abavumayo ukuba iteknoloji yasekhaya ehlakaniphile iya kwenza kube lula ukulawula ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla¹⁷, ezi zisombululo zingumdlalo wokutshintsha amakhaya awonga umbane.

Iinkqubo zokukhanyisa ezihlakaniphile, ezicima izibane xa zingasetyenziswa, zinokunciphisa kakhulu ukusetyenziswa kombane kunye nokwandisa ubomi beebhalbhu zokukhanya. Nge-63% yabanini bezindlu abanomdla wokudibanisa iiswitshi ezihlakaniphile kumakhaya abo¹⁷, Ukukhanyisa okuhlakaniphile kuba yinto ethandwayo kumakhaya azinzileyo eVancouver.

Ngokubanzi, itekhnoloji yasekhaya ehlakaniphile yinxalenye ebalulekileyo amakhaya awonga umbane kwaye uyilo oluluhlaza eVancouver. Ngokudibanisa ezi nkqubo eziphambili, abanini bezindlu banokunciphisa kakhulu impembelelo yabo yokusingqongileyo kwaye banandiphe izibonelelo zendlela yokuphila ezinzileyo.

"Izakhiwo ezihlakaniphileyo zinokunciphisa zombini iindleko zokusebenza kunye namandla malunga nama-25%.¹⁶

Icandelo lokwakha oluzinzileyo eVancouver libona ukwanda kokwamkelwa kobunzima ukwakhiwa kwamaplanga. Le ndlela intsha isebenzisa iimveliso zokhuni ezinobunjineli njengezona zakhiwo zithwala umthwalo, zibonelela ngenye indlela ehlaziyekayo kunye nesezantsi kwekhabhoni kwizinto zemveli ezifana nentsimbi kunye nekhonkrithi.¹⁸. Isakhiwo esinemigangatho esibhozo iCarbon 12 ePortland, e-Oregon sesona sakhiwo siphakamileyo sorhwebo e-United States ukuba sakhiwe ngamaplanga amakhulu, ngelixa izakhiwo ezitsha zamaplanga zivela eLondon, eAtlanta, naseMinneapolis, kunye nemigangatho engama-80 ephezulu- ukunyuka kucetywayo eChicago¹⁸. Ukongeza, ezinye izakhiwo zamaplanga ezingama-21 ezingaphezulu kweemitha ezingama-50 ubude ziya kugqitywa eYurophu ekupheleni konyaka.¹⁸.

Ukunyuka kolwakhiwo lwamaplanga obuninzi luhambelana neenjongo zeVancouver uphuhliso lwedolophu oluzinzileyo, ukuxhasa ishishini lehlathi lendawo ngelixa linciphisa i-carbon footprint yezakhiwo¹⁹. Amaplanga amaninzi anamandla okunciphisa izinto ezikhutshwayo kulwakhiwo ngama-25-45% xa kuthelekiswa nezakhiwo zekonkrithi eziqhelekileyo.¹⁹, kunye neSixeko saseVancouver sijolise ekunciphiseni okuqulathiweyo ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kwizinto zokwakha nge-40% ngo-2030 ukusuka kumanqanaba e-2018¹⁹. Ukukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwesi sixhobo se-eco-friendly, isixeko sazise inkuthazo yokutshintshwa komhlaba evumela imigangatho eyongezelelweyo kwizakhiwo zamaplanga.¹⁹.

IVancouver iphambili kwintshukumo yolwakhiwo lwamaplanga obuninzi, ibandakanya imathiriyeli efumaneka ekuhlaleni izenzo zokwakha ezizinzileyo¹⁹. I-BC yinkokeli yehlabathi jikelele kwimveliso yemithi emininzi, ebonisa amandla ommandla kule mathiriyeli yokwakha¹⁹. Iinzuzo zamaplanga amaninzi zidlulela ngaphaya ukugcinwa kwendalo, njengoko inegalelo kumaxesha okwakha ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kwe-thermal kwizakhiwo²⁰. Ulwakhiwo lwamaplanga obuninzi luvumela ukwakhiwa kweqokobhe lesakhiwo se-120-by-60-foot esele yenziwe ngaphambili kwaye yamiswa ngokupheleleyo kwisiza ngaphakathi kweveki, isantya esikhawulezisa kakhulu ukuhanjiswa kweprojekthi xa kuthelekiswa nekhonkrithi.²⁰. Ngexesha lokwakha, amaplanga anzima enza ukuba kwakhiwe ibali elinye ngosuku, ebonisa isantya esikhawulezayo esikhawulezisa amaxesha eprojekthi.²⁰.

Nangona kunjalo, ukunyuka kokwakhiwa kwamaplanga amaninzi kuye kwaphakamisa iinkxalabo ezithile¹⁸. Abameli bamaqela okusingqongileyo e-Oregon baphakamise amathandabuzo malunga namaplanga amaninzi njengesisombululo semozulu eluhlaza kwaye babuza ukuzinza kweendlela zokugawulwa kwemithi ezinxulumene nemithi emininzi.¹⁸. I-Nature Conservancy, i-US Forest Service, iidyunivesithi, kunye namaziko ophando ngoku aqalisa uhlahlelo olutsha lwemithi emininzi ukuqonda ngcono impembelelo yayo yemozulu.¹⁸.

Njengoko iVancouver iqhubeka nokukhokelela kwindlela yolwakhiwo oluzinzileyo, ukudityaniswa kolwakhiwo lwamaplanga obuninzi lulungele ukudlala indima ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso lwesixeko olulungele ukuphilisana kwendalo. Ngenkxaso yemigaqo-nkqubo yasekhaya, ukwamkelwa kwesi sixhobo sivelisa izinto ezintsha kulindeleke ukuba sibe negalelo kwiinjongo zesiXeko ngokusingqongileyo ngelixa kukhulisa uqoqosho lwasekhaya ngokudala imisebenzi.¹⁹.

“Ukwanda kolwakhiwo lwamaplanga oluninzi luhambelana neenjongo zeVancouver zokuzinza uphuhliso lwedolophu, ukuxhasa ishishini lamahlathi lasekuhlaleni ngelixa linciphisa i-carbon footprint yezakhiwo.

Njengoko iVancouver ibamba Ulwakhiwo lweCarbon-Neutral kwaye Ulwakhiwo oluLungelene ne-Eco, isixeko sihamba phambili ekwamkeleni iindlela zokuvelisa isamente eco-conscious ukunciphisa ifuthe lokusingqongileyo kushishino lokwakha. Izisombululo zekhonkrithi ezinekhabhoni ephantsi, ezifana nezo zisebenzisa imathiriyeli eyongezelelweyo yesamente (SCMs) njenge slag okanye iglasi etyumkileyo, ziya zixhaphaka.²¹. Ezi zinto zintsha azithobi nje kuphela i-carbon ekhoyo yeeprojekthi zokwakha kodwa nokugcina imfezeko yesakhiwo efunekayo kwizakhiwo zanamhlanje.

Ukusetyenziswa kwamafutha anekhabhoni ephantsi esekwe kwinkunkuma njengezinye iindlela kumafutha efosili kwimveliso yesamente kuba negalelo ngakumbi ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwemveliso kunye nekhabhoni iyonke yezinto zokwakha²¹. Ngokwandisa uyilo lwezakhiwo ukuze zibe namandla ngakumbi, uphuhliso kunye nokufikeleleka kwezindlu kwizixeko ezikhulu needolophu kunokuphenjelelwa kakhulu.²¹. Ukongeza, ukuphunyezwa kwekhonkrithi ekwazi ukumelana nemozulu kunokwandisa ubomi obuluncedo bezakhiwo, ukuthoba zombini idola kunye neendleko zekhabhoni zokutshintsha okanye ukulungiswa.²¹.

Izisombululo zekhonkrithi ezinekhabhoni ephantsi, ezifana nezo zibandakanya ii-SCMs, zifumana isantya kwishishini lokwakha laseVancouver. Ukuxutywa okuthile kweemveliso zesamente kunokunciphisa i-CO2 kwinkqubo yokuvelisa nge-20-25% xa kuthelekiswa ne-Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), ngelixa igcina ukusebenza kwemveliso.²¹. Iisamente ezidityanisiweyo zehydraulic ezifikelela kwi-15% yekalika ngobunzima zinokuvelisa malunga ne-10% ngaphantsi kweCO2, ukunciphisa icarbon ekhoyo ngetoni nganye yesamente.²¹.

Ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezongezelelweyo zesamente (SCMs) kwimveliso yekhonkrithi sisicwangciso esingundoqo sokunciphisa i-carbon footprint yeshishini lokwakha. Ii-SCMs ezifana ne-slag kunye neglasi etyumkileyo zinokuthatha indawo yesamente yesintu ngokuyinxenye, okukhokelela ekuncitshisweni okubalulekileyo kwekhabhoni.²¹. Ukuyila izakhiwo kunye noluntu ukuze lukwazi ukumelana neziganeko zemozulu ezimbi, ezifana nezikhukhula, zendle, izaqhwithi, okanye amaza obushushu, ibonelela ngenzuzo eyongezelelweyo yokunciphisa ukukhutshwa²¹.

Njengoko iVancouver iqhubeka nokubeka phambili Ulwakhiwo lweCarbon-Neutral kwaye Ulwakhiwo oluLungelene ne-Eco, ukwamkelwa kwezi ndlela zokuvelisa isamente eco-conscious kuya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekubumbeni imeko-bume eyakhiwe ezinzileyo kwixa elizayo.²¹²².

"Ukwenza ngcono uyilo lwezakhiwo ukuba lusebenzise amandla ngakumbi kunokuba nefuthe elibonakalayo kuphuhliso kunye nokufikeleleka kwezindlu kwizixeko ezikhulu kunye needolophu."

Kusukelo lweendlela zokwakha ezizinzileyo, ugqaliselo lweVancouver ekwandiseni uMgangatho weNdawo yaNgaphakathi (IEQ) ibe ngumba obalulekileyo Green Architecture kwaye Amakhaya Awonga Amandla²³. Yesixeko Iziseko zophuhliso ezizinzileyo kunye noMgaqo-nkqubo weZakhiwo uyakuvuma ukubaluleka kwendlela esekelwe ekusebenzeni ekwandiseni ukwakhiwa nozinzo lweziseko ezingundoqo, ngeeNjongo zokuSebenza eziPhambili ezili-15 ezibandakanya imimandla efana nokuSebenza ngokuSebenza kakuhle, iMathiriyeli, kunye ne-Ecological. impilo²³.

Iinkqubo zokungenisa umoya eziphucukileyo, itekhnoloji yokucoca umoya, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezisezantsi ze-VOC zisebenza ngokuhambelanayo ukuphucula umgangatho womoya ngaphakathi kwezi. izakhiwo eco-friendly²³. Ukongeza, ubuchule bokukhanya emini kunye nezicwangciso zokunciphisa ingxolo zenza igalelo kwimpilo-ntle jikelele yabahlali ngokwandisa ukukhanya kwendalo kunye nokuqinisekisa intuthuzelo ye-acoustic.²³.

Uphononongo lubonise ukuba iziqinisekiso zokwakha eziluhlaza, ezifana ne-LEED, BREEAM, WELL, kunye ne-Fitwel, zingakhokelela kwiintlawulo zerenti ukuya kwi-7% xa kuthelekiswa nezakhiwo ezingaqinisekisiweyo.²⁴. Oku kuqaqambisa imfuno ekhulayo yeemeko eziphilileyo nezizinzileyo zangaphakathi, ezingagcini nje ngokudala iindawo zokuhlala ezisempilweni kodwa zinyusa imveliso kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwizakhiwo kwiVancouver iphela.²³.

Iindawo ze-Iconic ezifana neZiko loMculo eLos Angeles, iMicrosoft kunye nekomkhulu lequmrhu laseCorning, kunye neSikhululo seenqwelomoya saMazwe ngaMazwe saseVancouver zonke zithathe inxaxheba kwi-UL Verified Healthy Building program, ebonisa ukuzinikela ekuphuculeni umgangatho wokusingqongileyo wangaphakathi.²⁴. Iingcali zokwakha ziyakhuthazwa ukuba zithathe amanyathelo asebenzayo ukujongana nemiba efana nokungunda, ukufuma, ungcoliseko lwamanzi, kunye neemeko zangaphakathi ngokubanzi ukukhulisa imveliso kunye nokuthuthuzela amanqanaba kubahlali.²⁴.

Ngokubeka phambili i-IEQ kwimisebenzi yabo yokwakha ezinzileyo, iVancouver idala impilo, imveliso ngakumbi, kunye neendawo zokuhlala ezinombane kunye neendawo zokusebenza ezihambelana neenjongo zendalo ezibanzi zesixeko.²³.

Ukuzibophelela kweVancouver kuzinzo kubonakala ekudityanisweni okukhulayo kwe izisombululo zamandla ahlaziyekayo kwisakhiwo sayo²⁵. Njengoko isixeko sizamela ukunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwaso kumafutha efosili kwaye sifezekise iinjongo zaso zokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwerhasi eluhlaza (GHG), amandla ahlaziyekayo abe yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yamakhaya awonga umbane kwaye. ukwakhiwa kwe-carbon-neutral.

Amandla elanga akhokela intlawulo ekudityanisweni kwamandla ahlaziyekayo eVancouver. Iipaneli zelanga ezixhonywe eluphahleni kunye neethayile zophahla lwelanga ziya zixhaphaka ngakumbi kulwakhiwo olutsha kunye nohlaziyo, nto leyo evumela izakhiwo ukuba zizenzele owazo umbane ococekileyo.²⁵. Le mveliso yamandla ahlaziyekayo kwisiza ayinciphisi kuphela imfuno yombane obonelelwa ngegridi kodwa ikwanegalelo kwinjongo yesixeko ye-33%. ukunciphisa carbon kwizakhiwo ngo-2020.

Ukuzalisekisa izisombululo zamandla elanga, iinkqubo zokugcina amandla nazo ziyadityaniswa kuyilo lokwakha oluzinzileyo. Ezi nkqubo zenza ukuba izakhiwo zikwazi ukugcina amandla agqithisileyo aveliswa emini ukuze asetyenziswe ngexesha leemfuno eziphakamileyo okanye ukucima kombane, okomeleza ukomelela kunye nokuzimela kwepropati.²⁶. Ngenjongo yeVancouver yokuba zonke izakhiwo ezitsha zifezekise izinto ezikhutshwayo ezingasebenziyo ngo-2030, ukudityaniswa kwamandla ahlaziyekayo kunye nezisombululo zokugcina kubalulekile ekufezekiseni oku kujoliswe kuko.

Ukudityaniswa ngokungenamthungo kwezi teknoloji zamandla ahlaziyekayo kuyilo lwesakhiwo bubungqina bokuzinikela kweVancouver ekudaleni ikamva elizinzileyo nelisebenza ngamandla.²⁵²⁶. Njengoko isixeko siqhubeka sikhokela kulwakhiwo oluzinzileyo, ukudityaniswa kwamandla avuselelekayo ngokungathandabuzekiyo kuya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekubumbeni imbonakalo yamandla yendalo ekwakhiweyo yeVancouver.

“Ukudityaniswa kobuchwepheshe bamandla ahlaziyekayo kuyilo lwesakhiwo bubungqina bokuzibophelela kweVancouver ekudaleni ikamva elizinzileyo nelisebenza ngamandla.”

IVancouver iphambili ekwamkeleni i-asphalt ezinzileyo kunye nezisombululo zepaving ukuze kuncitshiswe impembelelo yokusingqongileyo kwiziseko ezingundoqo zasezidolophini. Ipavement yeasphalt esetyenzisiweyo ehlaziyiweyo (RAP) ifumana amandla, neenkampani ezifana neLakeside Industries ziphinda zisebenzise iasphalt endala kwaye zinciphisa inkunkuma.²⁷. I-Lakeside Industries, isizukulwana sesithathu, inkampani yosapho, iye yaqatshelwa njengenye yezona zinto ziphinda zisetyenziswe kule ndawo kwaye isebenzisa izibonelelo zokuvelisa i-asphalt eziphinda zisebenzise izixhobo zendlela ezindala zibe yimixube emitsha ye-asphalt.²⁷.

Ecaleni nokusetyenziswa kwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo, isixeko sikwajonga iingenelo zobugcisa be-asphalt obuxube ngokufudumeleyo. Le ndlela entsha inciphisa iimfuno zamandla kwimveliso ye-asphalt kunye nokusetyenziswa, igalelo Ulwakhiwo oluLungelene ne-Eco imizamo²⁸. Ukuqina okukhethekileyo kweBlacktop paving kunye nokukwazi ukumelana nezinto ezisingqongileyo njengemvula enkulu, ukuguquguquka kobushushu, kunye nokuvezwa kwe-UV kuyenza ibe lukhetho olufanelekileyo kwimozulu yaseVancouver.²⁸.

Ezi zenzo zokugaqa ezizinzileyo zibalulekile kwiinjongo zozinzo zeVancouver zizonke, ukunciphisa unyawo lwekhabhoni kulwakhiwo lwendlela kunye nokugcinwa ngelixa kukhuthazwa ukusetyenziswa kweendlela. IZibonelelo zeZakhiwo eziRecycled²⁹. ILafargeHolcim, eyona nkampani iphambili yezixhobo zokwakha, iwongwe ngeprojekthi enkulu yokuphucula uhola wendlela eVancouver, ethathwa njengenye yeeprojekthi zendlela ezizinzileyo eCanada, isebenzisa iiaggregates ezihlaziywe ngokutsha ukuthintela ngaphezulu kweetoni ezingama-200,000 zenkunkuma ekubeni iphelele kwindawo yokulahla inkunkuma.²⁹.

1. Iindlela eziPhezulu zokusiNgqongileyo zoKwakha iKhaya elitsha eVancouver kwi 2025: Ukwakha iKamva eliZinzileyo – Guthrie Residential Builders Inc. – https://guthriegc.com/environmental-trends-vancouver-2025/
2. Uyilo lweSakhiwo esiLuhlaza & Ulwakhiwo | IKomishini yezoQoqosho yaseVancouver- https://vancouvereconomic.com/vancouver-green-buildings/
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17. Abanini-zindlu bamkela itekhnoloji yasekhaya ehlakaniphile ukulwa nokutshintsha kwemozulu-uMbutho wabakhi bamakhaya eVancouver- https://havan.ca/canadian-homeowners-eager-to-embrace-smart-home-technology-in-fight-against-climate-change/
18. Njengoko Amaplanga eMisa Simka, Luhlaza kangakanani olu ncedo lwesakhiwo esitsha? - https://e360.yale.edu/features/as-mass-timber-takes-off-how-green-is-this-new-building-material
19. IVancouver iqhubela phambili iindlela zokwakha ezizinzileyo kunye nenkuthazo entsha yamaplanga - https://vancouver.ca/news-calendar/mass-timber-incentives-feb-2024.aspx
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