I-Biodiversity kunye neyeza: I-Pharmacy efihliweyo kwi-Ecosystems yethu
Izinto ezahlukeneyo zenzululwazi kunye namayeza zidityaniswe ngokungenakuhluzwa, kunye neyethu zendalo Ukubamba ikhemesti efihliweyo izisombululo kwezempilo. Ukusuka Unyango lwendalo ukuba izityalo ezingamayeza, i amandla onyango zifumaneka kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zethu iintlobo inkulu kakhulu. Ukufunyaniswa kwamachiza amatsha kunye nophuhliso lonyango olutsha kuxhomekeke kwibhalansi ebuthathaka yeentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo kunye Iinkonzo zendalo inikezela.
IItrakthi ezibalulekileyo
- Iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo ngumthombo obalulekileyo Unyango lwendalo kwaye izityalo ezingamayeza ngokukhulu amandla onyango.
- Ukufunyanwa kweziyobisi ixhomekeke kakhulu kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezifumaneka kwi-ikhosistim yethu.
- Ecosystems iinkonzo ezibonelelwa yi-biodiversity igalelo impilo yoluntu kwaye ibhalansi yendalo.
- Amayeza emveli uqheliselo kudala beliqonda ixabiso lezinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo ekunyangeni.
- Ukugcina izinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni a ezizinzileyo ikamva kukhathalelo lwempilo kunye umntu impilo.
Unxibelelwano lwezeMbali phakathi kweBiodiversity kunye neMedical
Ukutyhubela imbali, abantu baye baluqonda ulwalamano oluxabisekileyo phakathi izinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo kunye namayeza. Impucuko yamandulo, njengaleyo yaseIndiya naseYiputa, yabhala ukusetyenziswa kwe izityalo ezingamayeza ngeenjongo zokuphilisa. Amayeza emveli izenzo, ezifana Traditional Chinese Medicine, bathembele Unyango lwendalo evela kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezityalo. Oku ubungqina bembali iqaqambisa ilifa elityebileyo legalelo lezityalo nezilwanyana kukhathalelo lwempilo.
Izityalo zonyango ziye zasetyenziswa kangangeenkulungwane ukunyanga izifo ezahlukahlukeneyo. Enyanisweni, ihlabathi impilo Umbutho uqikelela ukuba malunga nama-80% abantu kumazwe asakhasayo bathembele zonyango kukhathalelo lwempilo olusisiseko. Ulwazi nobulumko obudluliswa kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana bubonisa ukusebenza kwamayeza endalo aphuma kwizinto ezahlukeneyo eziphilayo.
Omnye waloo mizekelo kukusetyenziswa kwexolo lomthi iCinchona, elinequinine, indibaniselwano enamandla yokulwa nesifo seengcongconi. Oku kufunyenweyo kuye kwayiguqula indlela yokunyanga isifo seengcongconi, kwasindisa inyambalala yabantu. Omnye umzekelo owaziwayo ngumthi womngcunube, apho i-salicylic acid, i-precursor ye-aspirin, ivela kuyo. Olu nxibelelwano lwembali phakathi izinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo kunye namayeza isebenza njengesikhumbuzo sesakhono esikhulu esikwi-ikhosistim yendalo yethu.
Itheyibhile: Imizekelo yeMbali yeZityalo zonyango
| isityalo | Usetyenziso Lwemveli |
|---|---|
| I-Opium Poppy | Uncedo lweentlungu |
| Ginkgo Biloba | Ukuphuculwa kwememori |
| Ialoe vera | Izigulo zolusu |
Njengoko sizama ukusebenzisa i amandla onyango yeentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo kumayeza anamhlanje, kubalulekile ukuba siluvume kwaye siluhloniphe unxibelelwano lwembali phakathi indalo kunye nokuphilisa. Ngokugcina izinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo kunye nenkxaso izenzo ezizinzileyo, sinokuqinisekisa ukuba izizukulwana ezizayo ziyazuza kuluhlu olukhulu lwezityalo zonyango kunye namayeza endalo anokunikelwa yiplanethi yethu.
Igalelo leBiodiversity kuNyango lwale mihla
Iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo zinendima ebalulekileyo kunyango lwale mihla, nto leyo esinika intlaninge yezinto iikhompawundi zendalo abanesakhono sonyango. Abaninzi amayeza ayimfuneko ezisetyenziswa namhlanje zithathwe kwizityalo, ukungunda, kunye izinto eziphila elwandle, ibalaselisa i ukubaluleka zeBiodiversity kwi ukufumanisa iziyobisi.
Ngokomzekelo, ipenicillin, enye yezona ntsholongwane zibalulekileyo ehlabathini, yaphuma kumngundo. I-Morphine, isithomalalisi sentlungu esinamandla, iphuma kwi-opium poppy. I-Cancer chemotherapeutics, efana ne-vincristine kunye ne-paclitaxel, zithathwe kwizityalo. Umbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi uqaphela inani elikhulu amayeza ayimfuneko evela ngqo kwikhemesti yendalo.
ezi iikhompawundi zendalo ezifumaneka kwizinto ezahlukeneyo zebhayoloji zibonelela ngezakhiwo zeekhemikhali ezizodwa kunye neendlela zokusebenza ezinokuphuhliswa ngakumbi zibe lunyango olusebenzayo. Izazinzulu ziyaqhubeka nokuphonononga amandla amakhulu iikhompawundi zendalo ukufumanisa amachiza amatsha kunye nokujongana neemfuno zonyango ezingafezekiyo.
| IiCompounds ezifumaneka kwiBiodiversity-Derived | Izicelo zonyango |
|---|---|
| IPenicillin | Antibiotic |
| morphine | I-Painkiller |
| UVincristine | Ukuchasana nomhlaza |
| I-Paclitaxel | Ukuchasana nomhlaza |
Ngokugcina izinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo, siqinisekisa ukufumaneka kwezi khompawundi zendalo kwixesha elizayo ukufumanisa iziyobisi kunye nophuhliso lwe amayeza ayimfuneko. Nangona kunjalo, ilahleko ekhawulezayo yezinto ezahlukeneyo eziphilayo ngenxa ukutshatyalaliswa kwendawo yokuhlala, ngco liseko, yaye imo iyatshintsha kubeka isoyikiso esimandla kwimithombo yethu yamayeza. Kubalulekile ukuba sibeke phambili nokugcinwa yeentlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo ukugcina umthombo ozinzileyo weearhente zonyango kwaye uqhubeke uzuza kwikhemesti efihlakeleyo yendalo.
“Indalo eyohlukeneyo nenentabalala yendalo inesitshixo sokuvula unyango olutsha nonyango. Kufuneka sikhusele kwaye silondoloze iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo ukuze sikhusele ikamva lethu lezonyango.”
Indima yeeNkonzo ze-Ecosystem kukhathalelo lwezeMpilo
Iinkonzo ze-ikhosistim ezibonelelwa ngeentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo zinegalelo elikhulu impilo yoluntu kunye nokuphila kakuhle koluntu ngokubanzi. Ezi nkonzo ziquka ulawulo lwemozulu, ulawulo longcoliseko, yaye ukhuseleko lokutya, phakathi kwabanye. Ngokuqonda nokuxabisa indima yezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo ekuboneleleni ngezi nkonzo zibalulekileyo, sinokuqinisekisa a ikamva elizinzileyo kukhathalelo lwempilo kunye nokusingqongileyo nokugcinwa.
Ukubaluleka kolawulo lwemozulu
Iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ulawulo lwemozulu, ukunceda ukunciphisa iimpembelelo ze imo iyatshintsha on impilo yoluntu. amahlathi, ngokomzekelo, zisebenza njengezinki zekharbhon, zifunxa zize zigcine isixa esikhulu sekharbon diokside. Ngokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi kunye nokuphucula umgangatho womoya, ezi nkqubo zendalo zinceda ukukhusela izifo zokuphefumla kunye neminye imiba yezempilo ehambelana nayo ngco liseko.
Ulawulo longcoliseko loluntu olusempilweni
Enye inkonzo ebalulekileyo ye-ikhosistim ebonelelwa yi-biodiversity yi ulawulo longcoliseko. KwiMilambo, umzekelo, yenza njengezihluzi zendalo, ukususa ukungcola kwiinkqubo zamanzi kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wamanzi. Oku akuxhamli nje ubomi basemanzini kuphela kodwa kukwaqinisekisa ukufikelela kumanzi okusela acocekileyo kuluntu. Ngokugcina nokubuyisela ezi ndawo zokuhlala, sinokuyikhusela impilo yoluntu kwaye sithintele izifo ezibangelwa ngamanzi.
Ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lokutya ngokusebenzisa iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo
Iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo zibalulekile ukuze uzinze ulimo kwaye ukhuseleko lokutya. Iipollin, ezifana neenyosi kunye namabhabhathane, zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kumvumvuzelwano lwezityalo, ukuphucula imveliso yezityalo kunye nokuqinisekisa imveliso yokutya. Nangona kunjalo, ukwehla kwe-pollinators ngenxa ilahleko yendawo yokuhlala kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezibulali-zinambuzane kubangela ingozi ukhuseleko lokutya. Ukukhusela ezi ntlobo zezityalo ziyimfuneko kunye neendawo ezihlala kuzo kubalulekile ukugcina ukutya okuzinzile kunye nokukhuthaza impilo yoluntu.
Ngokuqaphela kunye nokubeka phambili ukugcinwa kwezinto eziphilayo kunye neenkonzo ze-ikhosistim enikezelayo, singenza impilo enempilo nangaphezulu. ikamva elizinzileyo. Impilo yoluntu, ulawulo lwemozulu, ulawulo longcoliseko, kunye nokhuseleko lokutya yimizekelo nje embalwa yegalelo elibalulekileyo lezinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo kukhathalelo lwempilo kunye intlalontle yomntu. Luxanduva lwethu ukuthatha inyathelo nokukhusela indalo esingqongileyo exhasa ezi nkonzo zibalulekileyo.
Imingcipheko kwiintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo kunye namayeza
Njengoko unxibelelwano phakathi kweentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo kunye neyeza lusiya lubonakala, kubalulekile ukuqonda izoyikiso ezibeka esichengeni olu lwalamano lubuthathaka. Ukuphila kweentlobo ngeentlobo kusemngciphekweni ngenxa ukutshatyalaliswa kwendawo yokuhlala, ngco liseko, ukuxhaphaza ngokugqithisileyo, yaye imo iyatshintsha. Ezi zinto zinegalelo ukutshabalala kweentlobo, echaphazela ngokuthe ngqo amandla okufunyaniswa kwezonyango kwixesha elizayo kunye nokufumaneka kwamayeza endalo.
Ukutshatyalaliswa kwendawo, ngokuyintloko ebangelwa yimisebenzi yabantu efana nokugawulwa kwamahlathi kunye Ukufudukela kwabantu ezidolophini, iphazamisa inkqubo yokuphilisana kwezidalwa yaye inciphisa ukuhlukahlukana kwezinto eziphilayo. Ngaphandle kweendawo zokuhlala ezizinzileyo, iintlobo ezininzi zezilwanyana zilahlekelwa yizo kumakhaya kwaye kunzima ukuphila. Ungcoliseko, kuquka ungcoliso lwekhemikhali kunye neemveliso zenkunkuma, ziyangcolisa Iindawo zokuhlala zendalo kwaye ibeka imingcipheko ebalulekileyo yempilo kubo bobabini abantu kunye Zasendle. Ukuxhaphaza ngokugqithisileyo, njengokuvunwa okungazinzanga kwezityalo zamayeza asendle, kusongela ngakumbi iintlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo ngokuncipha kwabemi kunye nokuphazamisa ibhalansi yendalo.
“Ilahleko yezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo ayinciphisi nje amandla ethu okufumana amayeza amatsha kodwa ikwajongela phantsi uzinzo kunye nokomelela kwenkqubo yendalo ebonelela ngeenkonzo ezibalulekileyo ze-ikhosistim,”
Ukutshintsha kwemozulu, okuqhutywa yimisebenzi yabantu, kubangela enye yezona zinto ziyingozi kakhulu kwizinto eziphilayo. Ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu, ukutshintsha iipatheni zemvula, kunye iziganeko zemozulu embi kakhulu kuphazamisa inkqubo yokuphilisana kwezidalwa kunye nokuguqula iindawo zokuhlala, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima kwizinto ezininzi eziphilayo ukuze zilungelelane kwaye ziphile. Njengoko iintlobo zezilwanyana zityhalelwa kwimida yazo, zijongene nomngcipheko owongeziweyo wokuphela. Ilahleko yezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo ayinciphisi nje amandla ethu okufumana amayeza amatsha kodwa ikwajongela phantsi uzinzo kunye nokomelela kwenkqubo yendalo ebonelela ngeenkonzo ezibalulekileyo ze-ikhosistim.
| Izisongelo kwiNdalo | inkcazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukutshatyalaliswa kwendawo yokuhlala | Izinto ezenziwa ngabantu ezinjengokugawulwa kwamahlathi nokufudukela kwabantu ezidolophini ziphazamisa zize zitshabalalise iindawo zokuhlala zendalo, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuphulukaneni neentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo. |
| Ngco liseko | Izingcolisi zemichiza kunye neemveliso zenkunkuma zingcolisa i-ecosystem, zisonakalisa zombini izilwanyana zasendle kunye nempilo yabantu. |
| Ukuxhaphaza ngokugqithisileyo | Ukuvunwa okungazinzanga kwezityalo zamayeza asendle kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe Uvimba wendalo nciphisa abantu kwaye uphazamise ibhalansi yendalo. |
| Imo iyatshintsha | Ukutshintsha kwemozulu okubangelwa ngabantu kuyayitshintsha indawo yokuhlala kunye nenkqubo yezinto eziphilayo nendawo eziphila kuyo, nto leyo etyhalela iintlobo ezininzi zezilwanyana esichengeni sokuphela. |
| Ukuphela Kwezilwanyana | Ukulahleka kweentlobo kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo amandla okufunyaniswa kwezonyango kwixesha elizayo kwaye kunciphisa ukufumaneka kwamayeza endalo. |
Kunyanzelekile ukuba sithathe amanyathelo angxamisekileyo ukujongana nezi zoyikiso kunye nokukhusela iintlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo. Imizamo yolondolozo, izenzo ezizinzileyo, kunye nokusekwa kwe iindawo ezikhuselweyo zibalulekile. Ukongeza, ukuphakamisa ulwazi malunga ne ukubaluleka yeentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo kunye noqhakamshelwano phakathi kwendalo kunye intlalontle yomntu inokukhuthaza isenzo esidibeneyo kwikamva elizinzileyo. Ngokubeka phambili i nokugcinwa yeentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo, singaqinisekisa ukuba ikhemesti efihliweyo kwi-ikhosistim yethu ihlala injalo kwizizukulwana ezizayo.
Ukuvula ukubanakho kweZilwanyana zeZilwanyana zaseLwandle kuNyango
Izinto eziphila elwandle ubambe isithembiso esikhulu kwinkalo yezamayeza, enika uluhlu oluninzi olunokubakho ukufunyanwa kwezamayeza. Ukusuka ezinzulwini zolwandle, izinto eziphilayo ezifana nezipontshi kunye neekorale zibonise amandla amakhulu onyango ekuphuhliseni amayeza amatsha okubulala iintsholongwane kunye nonyango lwezifo ezosulelayo. Ezi izinto eziphila elwandle babe neekhompawundi ezizodwa zeekhemikhali ezinokuthi zilwe Ukunganyangeki kwiyeza kunye nokubonelela ngezisombululo ezintsha kwimingeni yezempilo yehlabathi.
Ii-ecosystems zaselwandle, kunye nabo iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezityebileyo, zibonelela ngeentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo eziye zaqhelana nokuphila kwiimeko ezimandundu. Olu hlengahlengiso luhlala lukhokelela ekuvelisweni kweekhompawundi ze-bioactive ezineempawu eziphawulekayo ze-pharmacological. Izazinzulu nabaphandi baye bephengulula ezinzulwini zolwandle, behlola imimandla engazange ibonwe, baze bavumbulule ubuncwane obufihliweyo obunokuguqula amayeza anamhlanje.
“Ithuba lokufunyanwa kweziyobisi ezintsha iyantlukwano elwandle ayinamda. Imichiza ekhethekileyo efumaneka kwizinto eziphila elwandle ivula iindlela ezintsha zokunyanga izifo nokucombulula iingxaki zempilo yehlabathi,” utsho uGqr. Jane Evans, isazi ngebhayoloji yaselwandle nomphandi wezamayeza.
Nangona kunjalo, eli khono liphantsi kwesoyikiso ngenxa yezinto ezahlukeneyo ezichaphazelayo izinto eziphilayo zaselwandle. Ukutshintsha kwemozulu, ungcoliseko, nokuloba ngokugqithisileyo kubangela imingcipheko ebalulekileyo kukulungelelana okucekethekileyo kwezi ndawo zokuhlala. Ngokungxamisekileyo iinzame zolondolozo zibalulekile ukukhusela izityalo nezilwanyana zaselwandle kunye nokuqinisekisa nokuzinza yesi sixhobo sixabisekileyo kwizizukulwana ezizayo.
| Imigrogriso kwiZilwanyana zeNdalo zaseLwandle | igalelo kuFundo lwezamayeza |
|---|---|
| Ngco liseko | Ukungcoliseka kweekhemikhali kunokuchaphazela impilo kunye nokusebenza kwezinto eziphilayo zaselwandle, ukunciphisa amandla abo ukufunyanwa kwezamayeza. |
| Imo iyatshintsha | Ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu aselwandle kunye nokunyuka kweasidi kunokuphazamisa inkqubo yendalo eethe-ethe exhasa iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo zaselwandle, nto leyo echaphazela ukufumaneka kwezinto eziphilayo ezixabisekileyo. |
| Ukuloba kakhulu | Iindlela zokuloba ezingazinzanga zinokutshabalalisa abantu baselwandle, kubandakanywa abo baneempawu ezinokuba luncedo zonyango, zithintela ikamva. uphando lwamayeza. |
Iinzame ziyaqhubeka zokuseka ezolwandle iindawo ezikhuselweyo kunye nokuphumeza iindlela zokuloba ezizinzileyo ukuze kukhuselwe iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo zaselwandle. Intsebenziswano phakathi koorhulumente, imibutho yolondolozo, kunye uluntu lwasekuhlaleni kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukulondolozwa kwexesha elide kwezi nkqubo zendalo zixabisekileyo. Ngokukhusela iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo zaselwandle, sinokuqhubeka sivula amandla alo kwezamayeza kwaye sihlahlel’ indlela yokuvelisa izinto ezintsha. izisombululo kwezempilo.
Iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo zaselwandle zingoyena ndoqo ekujonganeni nazo Ukunganyangeki kwiyeza, izifo ezosulelayo kunye nezinye iingxaki zempilo. Ngokubeka phambili ulondolozo lwe izinto eziphilayo zaselwandle, sinokwamkela amathuba angenamda ekhemesti efihliweyo yendalo kwaye sikhusele ikamva elinempilo kubo bonke.
Ukubaluleka kwezoQoqosho kweZityalo ezahlukeneyo kukhathalelo lwezeMpilo
Iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo azidlali indima ebalulekileyo kuphela ekuxhaseni ukufunyanwa kwamayeza amatsha kodwa zineempembelelo zoqoqosho ezibalulekileyo kwicandelo lezempilo. Iminikelo yayo inabela ngaphaya kommandla we uphando lwamayeza kunye nophuhliso, ukufikelela kwiindawo ezifana ukhenketho, ulimo, yaye zokuloba.
Kwi ukhenketho ishishini, imbonakalo-mhlaba eyahlukeneyo yendalo kunye nenkqubo yendalo itsala abakhenkethi abavela kwihlabathi liphela. Indalo-based ukhenketho, equka imisebenzi efana nokubona izilwanyana zasendle kunye ne-eco-trekking, ithembele kakhulu kubutyebi kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Iinzuzo zoqoqosho ezifumaneka kolu hlobo lokhenketho zinegalelo kuqoqosho lwasekuhlaleni, zibonelela ngamathuba engqesho nokungenisa ingeniso.
Iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo nazo zilondoloza ulimo kwaye zokuloba, iinxalenye ezimbini ezibalulekileyo zenkqubo yokutya yehlabathi. I-pollinators, ezifana neenyosi kunye namabhabhathane, zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwimveliso yezityalo, ukuqinisekisa ukusasazwa ngempumelelo kunye nokuveliswa kwezityalo ezininzi zokutya. Inkxaso yendalo yaselwandle esempilweni zokuloba, ukubonelela iindlela zokuphila kunye nokhuseleko lokutya kuluntu kwihlabathi jikelele.
Ukuqonda ngcono i mpe mbelelo yeentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo, makhe sijonge ngakumbi kumacandelo athile abalulekileyo:
| Icandelo | Impembelelo kwezoqoqosho |
|---|---|
| Tourism | Inegalelo kuqoqosho lwengingqi ngemisebenzi yokhenketho olusekwe kwindalo. |
| ulimo | Ithembele kwii-pollinators ukuze ivelise ngempumelelo izityalo kunye nokhuseleko lokutya. |
| Zo kuloba | Ixhasa iindlela zokuphila kwaye ibonelela ngomthombo obalulekileyo wokutya kuluntu. |
Ukuqonda ukubaluleka kwezoqoqosho kwizinto ezahlukahlukeneyo eziphilayo kugxininisa imfuneko yolondolozo lwazo. Ngokukhusela izinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo, asikhuseli nje kuphela ilifa lemveli yesijikelezi-langa sethu kodwa sikwaqinisekisa ikamva elizinzileyo lentlalontle yoluntu kunye nempumelelo yezoqoqosho.
IziCwangciso zoLondolozo zokuKhusela iZilwanyana ezahlukeneyo zeNdalo kunye namaYeza
Ukukhusela iintlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukufumaneka koncedo olubalulekileyo lwamayeza kufuna ukuqaliswa olusebenzayo izicwangciso zolondolozo. Iinzame zentsebenziswano phakathi koorhulumente, imibutho, uluntu, kunye nabantu ngabanye badlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuseleni iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo kunye noqhagamshelwano lwayo kumayeza. Ezi zicwangciso zibandakanya ezahlukeneyo izenzo ezizinzileyo kunye namalinge anenjongo yokulondoloza iindawo zezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo kwaye iindawo ezikhuselweyo.
Ukubeka phambili iindawo zeBiodiversity Hotspots
Imizamo yolondolozo kufuneka ibeke phambili iindawo zezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo, eyimimandla enamanqanaba aphezulu kakhulu eentlobo ngeentlobo zeentlobo zeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo kunye nesiphelo. Le mimandla ihlala ineentlobo ezizodwa nezingenakuphinda zitshintshwe, nto leyo ezenza zibe luncedo kakhulu ekulondolozeni iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Ngokujolisa izibonelelo kunye nengqalelo kwezi ndawo zishushu, sinokwandisa impembelelo yemizamo yolondolozo kwaye sikhusele inxalenye ebalulekileyo yendalo ephilayo yoMhlaba.
Ukusekwa kweeNdawo eziKhuselweyo
Ukudala nokugcina iindawo ezikhuselweyo kubalulekile ekukhuseleni iintlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo kunye negalelo layo elinokubakho kwezamayeza. Iindawo ezikhuselweyo zibonelela ngeendawo ezikhuselekileyo zezityalo nezilwanyana ezisesichengeni, ezivumela ukuba zikhule ngaphandle kwesoyikiso sokutshatyalaliswa kweendawo zokuhlala kunye nokuxhatshazwa. Ezi ndawo zikwasebenza njengeziza ezibalulekileyo zemfundo nophando, ziqhubela phambili ukuqonda kwethu ubudlelwane obuntsonkothileyo phakathi kwezinto ezahlukeneyo zebhayoloji kunye namayeza.
Ukukhuthaza izenzo eziZinzileyo
Ukwamkela izenzo ezizinzileyo kuwo wonke amashishini ahlukeneyo kubalulekile ekunciphiseni iimpembelelo ezingalunganga kwizinto ezahlukeneyo zebhayoloji kunye nokuqinisekisa ukufumaneka koncedo lwamayeza. Oku kuquka ukukhuthaza usetyenziso lomhlaba olunenkathalo nolawulo lwemithombo, ukuncitshiswa kokungcoliseka kwendalo nenkunkuma, kunye nokuxhasa ezolimo ezizinzileyo kunye neendlela zokuloba. Ngu ukudibanisa Uzinzo kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla nakwimisebenzi yoshishino, sinokuthomalalisa izoyikiso kwizinto ezahlukeneyo zebhayoloji kwaye sibe negalelo kukhuseleko lwelifa lemveli lethu.
| IziCwangciso zoLondolozo | Izenzo eziphambili |
|---|---|
| Phambili Iindawo ezinobushushu kwindalo | - Ukwabiwa kwezibonelelo zokukhusela kunye nokugcinwa kweendawo ezithandwa kakhulu - Ukuqhuba uphando kunye nokubeka iliso ukuchonga kunye nokubeka phambili iindawo eziphambili – Ukusebenzisana noluntu lwasekuhlaleni ukuphuhlisa izicwangciso zolondolozo |
| Ukusekwa kweeNdawo eziKhuselweyo | – Ukuyila nokulawula ngokufanelekileyo iindawo ezikhuselweyo Ulondolozo lwendalo – Ukunyanzeliswa kwemithetho ekhuselayo kunye nemimiselo kwiindawo ezikhuselweyo – Ukubonelela ngenkxaso-mali eyaneleyo nenkxaso yolawulo lwendawo ekhuselweyo |
| Ukukhuthaza izenzo eziZinzileyo | – Iyakhuthaza ukusetyenziswa komhlaba okuzinzileyo kunye nolawulo lwezibonelelo – Ukuphucula ezendalo kunye nokuqonda – Ukuxhasa ezolimo oluzinzileyo kunye nosetyenziso olunenkathalo – Ukukhuthaza intsebenziswano phakathi koshishino kunye nemibutho yolondolozo |
Ngokuphumeza ezi zicwangciso zokulondoloza kunye nokwamkela izenzo ezizinzileyo, sinokuqinisekisa ukugcinwa kwezinto eziphilayo kunye nokufumaneka kwemithombo yamayeza kwisizukulwana sangoku kunye nekamva. Uthungelwano phakathi kweentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo kunye namayeza luqaqambisa imfuneko yezenzo ezidityanelweyo kunye nokuzibophelela kwexesha elide ukukhusela i-ikhosistim yethu kunye nokuphucula impilo-ntle yabantu.
“Ulondolozo lweentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo asiyonto ilula, kodwa yimfuneko kwimpilo-ntle yethu nakwikamva lamayeza.” – UGqr Jane Goodall
Imfuneko Yekamva Elizinzileyo
Ukugcina izinto ezahlukeneyo zebhayoloji akubalulekanga nje ekufumaneni amayeza amatsha kodwa nakwimpilo-ntle yoluntu ngokubanzi. Ikamva elizinzileyo lixhomekeke ekuhlalisaneni ngemvisiswano nendalo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukulondolozwa kweentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Uphuhliso oluphathekayo izenzo kunye ulondolozo lwendalo kufuneka ibekwe phambili ukuze kukhuselwe iintlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo kunye nokukhusela ikamva elinempilo kumntu wonke.
Iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo kunye namayeza zinxulunyaniswa ngokuntsonkothileyo, kunye neentlobo ezahlukahlukeneyo ezibonelela ngoluhlu olubanzi lwe izisombululo kwezempilo. Ubudlelwane obuntsonkothileyo phakathi kwezinto ezahlukeneyo zebhayoloji kunye namayeza budlulela ngaphaya kokutsalwa okulula kweekhompawundi zendalo ukuze kufunyanwe ichiza. Iquka ingqikelelo ebanzi yeenkonzo ze-ikhosistim kunye nendima ebalulekileyo edlalwa yibiodiversity ekugcineni ulungelelwaniso lwe-ikholoji nokuxhasa impilo yoluntu.
“Ekugqibeleni, siya kulondoloza kuphela oko sikuthandayo; siya kuthanda kuphela oko sikuqondayo; yaye siya kuqonda kuphela oko sikufundisiweyo.” – Baba Dioum
Ukulondoloza izinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo asingombandela nje woxanduva olusesikweni kodwa kukwayimfuneko engxamisekileyo. Njengoko imisebenzi yabantu iqhubeka ibangela ukutshatyalaliswa kwendawo yokuhlala, ungcoliseko, ukuxhaphazwa ngokugqithiseleyo, nokutshintsha kwemozulu, inyambalala yezinto eziphilayo zijamelene nengozi yokuphela, nto leyo enokuphelisa imithombo exabisekileyo yenkqubela phambili yezonyango kwixesha elizayo. Ukuthatha inyathelo lokukhusela iintlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo kunye nokukhuthaza izenzo ezizinzileyo kubalulekile ekukhuseleni impilo-ntle yoluntu kunye nokukhusela ikamva elizinzileyo.
Ukubaluleka Kokuphilisana
Ukuzabalazela ikamva elizinzileyo, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba abantu abahlukanga kwindalo kodwa bayinxalenye yayo ebalulekileyo. Ukuhlalisana kunye nendalo kufuna utshintsho kwingqondo kunye neenzame ezihlangeneyo zokwamkela izenzo ezizinzileyo ezihlonipha kwaye zikhusela i-biodiversity. Ngokuxabisa nokugcina indalo, sinako ukuqinisekisa ukubakho okuqhubekayo kobutyebi bendalo, ukugcinwa kweyantlukwano yenkcubeko, nempilo entle yesizukulwana sangoku nesexesha elizayo. Sikunye, sinokubumba ikamva elizinzileyo apho iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo kunye nebutho labantu likhula.
isiphelo
Ukuqukumbela, ikhonkco phakathi kwezinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo kunye neyeza ayinakuphikiswa. Ngokugcina iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo, asiqinisekisi kuphela ukufunyanwa kwezisombululo ezitsha zamayeza kodwa sikwakhusela neenkonzo ezibalulekileyo zenkqubo yendalo enegalelo kwintlalontle yabantu. Iinzame zolondolozo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuseleni iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo nokuqinisekisa ikamva elizinzileyo lomntu wonke.
Uphando lwamachiza kuxhomekeke kakhulu kubutyebi bendalo obubonelelwa ziintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Ukusuka kuphuhliso lwamayeza ayimfuneko ukuya kuphononongo lwezinto eziphilayo zaselwandle, iintlobo ngeentlobo zibambe isitshixo sokujongana nemingeni yezempilo. Ngokubeka phambili ulondolozo kunye nezenzo ezizinzileyo, sinokuqhubeka nokuvula amandla endalo kwiimfuno zethu zempilo.
Ngaphezu koko, ukubaluleka kwezinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo kudlulela ngaphaya kwezamayeza. Iquka ukugcinwa kwe inkcubeko elilifa lethu, impumelelo yezoqoqosho, kunye nolungelelwaniso olupheleleyo lwenkqubo yethu yendalo. Ukuqaphela ukubaluleka kwezinto eziphilayo kunye nokudibanisa Uphuhliso oluphathekayo izenzo ngamanyathelo ayimfuneko ekuqinisekiseni ikamva eliphilileyo loluntu.
Ukuqukumbela, intsebenziswano phakathi kweentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo kunye namayeza igxininisa imfuneko yesenzo esidibeneyo. Ukukhusela iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo yimbopheleleko ekwabelwana ngayo ngoorhulumente, imibutho, uluntu, nabantu ngabanye ngokufanayo. Ngokwamkela ulondolozo kunye nokuzabalazela ikamva elizinzileyo, sinokuqinisekisa impilo-ntle yazo zombini izizukulwana zangoku nezexesha elizayo.
FAQ
Ilahleko yezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo ikuchaphazela njani ukufunyanwa kwamayeza amatsha?
Ilahleko yeentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo ibeka emngciphekweni ukufunyanwa kwamayeza amatsha njengoko izityalo ezininzi kunye nezinto eziphilayo ziyimithombo enokubakho yamayeza amatsha. Ukusetyenziswa ngokungazinzanga kwezityalo zamayeza asendle kubeka emngciphekweni iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo, kwaye ukugcinwa kweentlobo ngeentlobo kubalulekile kwizisombululo zokhathalelo lwempilo lwexesha elizayo.
Luluphi unxibelelwano lwembali phakathi kweentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo namayeza?
Ukutyhubela imbali, abantu baye basebenzisa indalo ngeenjongo zonyango. Impucuko yamandulo efana neyaseIndiya naseYiphutha yabhala ngokusetyenziswa kwezityalo ukunyanga, kwaye izenzo zamayeza esintu afana noNyango lwesiNtu lwaseTshayina zixhomekeke kumayeza endalo. Iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo bezisoloko zinendima ebalulekileyo kwezamayeza.
Iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo zinegalelo njani kumayeza anamhlanje?
Amayeza amaninzi abalulekileyo athatyathwe kwiikhompawundi zendalo ezifumaneka kwizityalo, ukungunda, nakwizinto eziphila elwandle. Amachiza afana ne-penicillin, i-morphine, kunye ne-chemotherapeutics yomhlaza asuka kwi-biodiversity. Inani elibalulekileyo lamayeza ayimfuneko amkelwa nguMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi athatyathwe kwizityalo.
Ingaba iinkonzo ze-ikhosistim zidlala yiphi indima kukhathalelo lwempilo?
Iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo zibonelela ngeenkonzo ezibalulekileyo ze-ikhosistim kwimpilo yoluntu kunye nokuphila kakuhle. Izithuba eziluhlaza kunye namahlathi anceda ukulawula imozulu kunye nomgangatho womoya, ukunciphisa ingozi yezifo zokuphefumla. Iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo zikwanegalelo kukhuseleko lokutya ngokubonelela ngezinto ezihambisa ipoleni kwezolimo. I-ecosystem enempilo ibalulekile kwimpilo yoluntu kunye nezibonelelo eziyimfuneko.
Zeziphi izisongelo kwizinto ezahlukahlukeneyo eziphilayo namayeza?
Ukutshatyalaliswa kwendawo yokuhlala, ungcoliseko, ukuxhaphazwa ngokugqithisileyo, kunye nokutshintsha kwemozulu ngoonobangela abaphambili belahleko yeentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Ezi zinto zikhokelela ukutshabalala kweentlobo ngesantya esothusayo, esichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukufunyanwa kwezonyango kwixesha elizayo kunye nokunciphisa ukufumaneka kwamayeza endalo.
Iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo zaselwandle zinokuba negalelo njani kwezamayeza?
Izinto eziphilayo zaselwandle ezifana nezipontshi kunye neekorale ziye zabonisa isithembiso ekuphuhliseni amayeza amatsha okubulala iintsholongwane kunye nonyango lwezifo ezosulelayo. Ukugcina i-ecosystem yolwandle kubalulekile ekusebenziseni amandla onyango kwezi zinto ziphilayo kunye nokulwa Ukunganyangeki kwiyeza.
Yintoni ukubaluleka kwezoqoqosho kwiintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo kukhathalelo lwempilo?
Iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kumacandelo oqoqosho awohlukeneyo anxulumene nokhathalelo lwempilo. Ukhenketho luxhomekeke kwiimbonakalo zendalo ezahlukeneyo kunye nenkqubo yendalo, ukutsala abatyeleli kunye nokwenza ingeniso. Izityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo zikwagcina ezolimo nokuloba ngokubonelela ngeenkonzo ezibalulekileyo ze-ikhosistim.
Ngawaphi amacebo anokusetyenziswa ukukhusela izinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo kunye namayeza?
Iinzame zolondolozo ziquka ukusekwa kweendawo ezikhuselweyo, ukunyanzeliswa kwemithetho yokukhusela, kunye nokukhuthaza izenzo ezizinzileyo kumashishini ahlukeneyo. Iindawo ezithandwa kakhulu yiBiodiversity, iindawo ezinamaqondo aphezulu eentlobo ngeentlobo zeentlobo zezilwanyana, zibaluleke kakhulu ukuba zibekwe phambili ukuze zilondolozwe.
Kutheni ikamva elizinzileyo liyimfuneko kwizityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo namayeza?
Ukugcina izinto ezahlukeneyo zebhayoloji kubalulekile kungekuphela nje ekufumaneni amayeza amatsha kodwa nakwimpilo-ntle yoluntu ngokubanzi. Ukuhlalisana ngemvisiswano nendalo kunye nokuqinisekisa ulondolozo lweentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo kubalulekile kwikamva elizinzileyo kunye nentlalontle yabantu.
Kutheni i-biodiversity ibalulekile kuphando lwamayeza?
I-Biodiversity ibonelela ngekhemesti efihliweyo kwi-ikhosistim yethu, eneentlobo ngeentlobo ezibonelela ngoluhlu olubanzi lwezisombululo zokhathalelo lwempilo olunokubakho. Ukugcinwa kwezinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo kuyimfuneko kuphando lwamayeza oluqhubekayo, ibhalansi yendalo, kunye nokufumaneka kwamayeza endalo.
