I-Biodiversity yasePapua New Guinea: Izilwanyana kunye neZityalo zeZilwanyana kunye neNtoni ephantsi kwengozi
IPapua New Guinea, kunye neendawo zayo ezahlukeneyo kunye zendalo, likhaya ku a Sityebi eziphilayo yezilwanyana neentlobo zezityalo. Nangona kunjalo, oku ezahlukeneyo zezinto eziphilayo uphantsi kwesoyikiso ngenxa yezinto ezahlukeneyo ezifana ukutshatyalaliswa kwendawo yokuhlala, ukuxhaphaza ngokugqithisileyo, yaye imo iyatshintsha. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo ePapua New Guinea kunye nemfuno engxamisekileyo nokugcinwa imizamo ukukhusela ezi ntlobo kunye neendawo zazo zokuhlala.
IItrakthi ezibalulekileyo
- IPapua New Guinea ineentlobo ngeentlobo zezilwanyana nezityalo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ibe yenye yezona ndawo zithandwa kakhulu emhlabeni.
- Izityebi zelizwe Uvimba wendalo kunye ne-ecosystems ziphantsi komngcipheko ngenxa ukutshatyalaliswa kwendawo yokuhlala, ukuxhaphaza ngokugqithisileyo, yaye imo iyatshintsha.
- Imizamo yolondolozo zibalulekile ukukhusela iPapua New Guinea ezahlukeneyo zezinto eziphilayo kwaye uqinisekise Uphuhliso oluphathekayo kwizizukulwana ezizayo.
- The Ugcino okusingqongileyo UGunyaziwe woKhuselo (CEPA) idlala indima ebalulekileyo Ulondolozo lwendalo kwaye yaseka imigaqo-nkqubo engundoqo kunye nezikhokelo zolawulo.
- Imingeni efana nomda mali, ulungelelaniso, kunye nemiqobo yomthamo kufuneka iqwalaselwe ukomeleza Ulondolozo lwendalo ePapua New Guinea.
ImiGaqo-nkqubo ePhambili kunye neNdlela yoLawulo yoLondolozo lweZityalo ezahlukahlukeneyo
EPapua New Guinea, i UGunyaziwe woKhuseleko lokuSingqongileyo ngoLondolozo (CEPA) idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuseleni iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo zeli lizwe. Ukuqinisekisa ulawulo olusebenzayo kunye nolondolozo, iPapua New Guinea iye yaseka imigaqo-nkqubo engundoqo kunye nezikhokelo ezifana noMthetho wokuSingqongileyo ka-2000, uMthetho we-CEPA ka-2014, kunye ne-PNG IiNdawo eziKhuselweyo Umgaqo-nkqubo (2014). Le migaqo-nkqubo isebenza njengesiseko sokhuseleko lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo ulawulo lwemithombo yendalo.
UMgaqo-nkqubo weeNdawo eziKhuselweyo ze-PNG ugxile kwiintsika ezintlanu eziphambili:
- Ulawulo noLawulo
- Inokuzinza Indlela yokuziphilisa kuluntu
- eyiyo Ulawulo lwezinto eziphilayo
- Ukulawula uThungelwano lweNdawo eKhuselweyo
- Inkxaso-mali eZinzileyo kwiiNdawo eziKhuselweyo
I-Papua New Guinea imise iindawo ezikhuselweyo ze-59 kulo lonke ilizwe, igxininisa ukuzinikela kwayo Ulondolozo lwendalo. Iiprojekthi eziqhubayo ezifana neNyathelo loNxantathu weCoral kunye noFikelelo lweNzuzo yoKwabelwa ngokuSetyenziswa kweZibonelelo zeGenetic zikwanegalelo ngakumbi ukhuseleko lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo.
Ukongeza, iPapua New Guinea isebenza ngenkuthalo ekuphuhliseni uMthetho oYilwayo weNdawo eKhuselweyo kunye neSicwangciso soTyalo-mali seMimandla eKhuselweyo, eya kuthi iqinise ngakumbi. indlela yolawulo kulondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo.
Imigaqo-nkqubo yoLondolozo lweZityalo ezahlukahlukeneyo kunye neMisebenzi ePapua New Guinea
| Umgaqo-nkqubo/uMthetho | Imiselwe unyaka |
|---|---|
| UMthetho wokusiNgqongileyo | 2000 |
| Umthetho weCEPA | 2014 |
| Umgaqo-nkqubo weeNdawo eziKhuselweyo ze-PNG | 2014 |
Impumelelo kunye neMicelimngeni eNgqongileyo kuLondolozo lweZilwanyana zeNdalo
Ngoxa iPapua New Guinea iye yazuza okuthile mpu melelo kulondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo, kusekho imingeni ebalulekileyo ekufuneka isonjululwe. I ukuqaliswa yeNational Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP) ihlangabezane nobunzima ngenxa yokunqongophala ulungelelwaniso lwearhente, umda mali, kunye nemiqobo yomthamo.
Ulungelelaniso lwe-Interagency ibalulekile kulondolozo olusebenzayo lwezityalo nezilwanyana. Okwangoku, kukho ukungabikho kwentsebenziswano kunye nonxibelelwano phakathi kwee-arhente zikarhulumente, ukuthintela ukuphunyezwa kobubanzi izicwangciso zolondolozo. Ukoyisa lo mngeni, iinzame ezandisiweyo kunye nezibonelelo kufuneka zinikezelwe ekukhuthazeni ulungelelwaniso lwearhente kunye nentsebenziswano.
Omnye umceli mngeni obalulekileyo inkxaso-mali enyiniweyo ekhoyo kwizinto eziphilayo iinzame zolondolozo. Inkxaso yemali eyaneleyo ithintele ukuphunyezwa kwemisebenzi ebalulekileyo efana neentlobo esweni, ukukhuselwa kwendawo yokuhlala, kunye ukuzibandakanya kwabahlali. Ukusekwa okuzinzileyo mali iindlela, ngaphakathi kunye nangobudlelwane bamazwe ngamazwe, zibalulekile ukuqinisekisa impumelelo yexesha elide yolondolozo amalinge ePapua New Guinea.
The ulawulo lweendawo ezikhuselweyo ngummandla ofuna ingqalelo ebalulekileyo. Iindawo ezininzi ezikhuselweyo elizweni ziye zafumana nkqubela-phambili encinane malunga nokusebenza ngempumelelo nolawulo. Ngaphandle kolawulo olululo, ezi ndawo zisemngciphekweni wokuthotywa kunye ilahleko yendalo. Ukuphucula ulawulo lwendawo ekhuselweyo, i-arhente yolawulo ezinikeleyo okanye intlangano kufuneka isekwe, ixhotyiswe ngezixhobo ezifanelekileyo kunye iziseko.
Ukujongana nale mingeni kunye nokomeleza ukulondolozwa kwezinto eziphilayo ePapua New Guinea kufuna indlela eneenkalo ezininzi. Enkulu ulungelelwaniso lwearhente iyafuneka ukuqinisekisa ukuphunyezwa ngokufanelekileyo kwe-NBSAP kunye nolunye ulondolozo amalinge. Ngaphezu koko, ukwanda mali inkxaso iyafuneka ukwenza ulawulo olusebenzayo lweendawo ezikhuselweyo kunye nokuphunyezwa kozinzo izenzo zolondolozo.
Amanyathelo kunye neziCwangciso zoPhuhliso zoLondolozo lweZityalo ezahlukahlukeneyo
Ezininzi amalinge kwaye izicwangciso zophuhliso kungokunje ziyaqhubeka ukukhuthaza ulondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezahlukahlukeneyo ePapua New Guinea. Ezi nzame zijolise ekujonganeni nezoyikiso ezijongene nendalo eyodwa yeli lizwe kunye neentlobo zezityalo. I-Arhente yaseMelika yoPhuhliso lwaMazwe ngaMazwe (USAID) idlala indima ephambili kulo mzamo, ibonelela ngenkxaso-mali nenkxaso kumalinge awohlukeneyo.
USAID:
USAID isebenza ngenkuthalo ukunciphisa izoyikiso iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo ePapua New Guinea. Ngokusebenzisa izibonelelo inikezelwe kwimibutho efana neZiko le UMthetho wendalo kwaye uluntu Amalungelo Inc. (CELCOR) kunye ne-Outspan PNG Ltd., USAID inceda ekukhuthazeni ukuxhotyiswa kwabasetyhini kwezoqoqosho nokomeleza amalungelo abanini-mhlaba ngokwemveli. La manyathelo ayimfuneko ekuqinisekiseni Uphuhliso oluphathekayo kunye nolondolozo elizweni.
Ukongeza kwinkxaso ebonelelwa yi-USAID, i Inkqubo yoPhuhliso yeZizwe eziManyeneyo (UNDP) usebenzisana ne UGunyaziwe woKhuseleko lokuSingqongileyo ngoLondolozo (CEPA) kwiprojekthi yeGlobal Environment Facility (GEF). Le projekthi ijolise ekuphuhliseni a indlela yezemali ezinzileyo kuthungelwano lwendawo ekhuselweyo ePapua New Guinea. Njengenxalenye yeli nyathelo, iBiodiversity Trust Fund iyasekwa ukuze kufumaneke inkxaso-mali yexesha elide yolondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo.
Ngaphaya koko, enye iprojekthi ephawulekayo yi-USAID Iprojekthi ye-Lukautim Graun. Eli linge leminyaka emihlanu, ezizigidi ezingama-22 zeerandi lijolise ekunciphiseni izisongelo kwizinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo, ingakumbi kumazwe esintu nakwiindawo ezikhethekileyo zezityalo nezilwanyana. I Iprojekthi ye-Lukautim Graun idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekunyuseni ulwazi, ekwakheni isakhono, nasekuphumezeni izenzo ezizinzileyo ukukhusela iPapua New Guinea ilifa lemveli kwizizukulwana ezizayo.
I-Papua New Guinea's Rich Biodiversity and Ecological Features
IPapua New Guinea yaziwa ngokuba yiyo iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezityebileyo, exhaswa luluhlu olwahlukeneyo lwendalo kunye neentlobo. Ilizwe ngokuzingca liphethe indawo yesithathu ngobukhulu Ihlathi elinemvula kwihlabathi jikelele, igubungela i-28.2 yezigidi zeehektare ezinkulu, ezithatha i-80% yelizwe lamahlathi. Oku lush Ihlathi elinemvula inika inyambalala yezityalo nezilwanyana indawo yokuhlala, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuphila ubomi obuntsonkothileyo.
Ayipheleli nje ekubeni iPapua New Guinea iqhayise ngamahlathi anemvula anomtsalane, kodwa unxweme lwayo olukhulu lukwabonisa iindidi ngeendidi zezinto ezikhethekileyo zendalo. Ezi ziquka ukwanda imigxobhozo ye mangrove, amachibi amahle, achumileyo imigxobhozo, odlamkileyo iingxondorha zekorale, kunye nee-atolls eziphefumlayo. Ezi ndawo zokuhlala eziselunxwemeni zibonelela ngeendawo ezibalulekileyo zokugcina izilwanyana zaselwandle ezininzi, nto leyo enegalelo kwintlobo-ntlobo yezinto eziphilayo ezingaqhelekanga zamanzi elizwe.
Ngapha koko, amanzi asePapua New Guinea ami phakathi kweCoral Triangle yodumo, apho elona nqanaba liphezulu laziwayo leentlobo ngeentlobo zebhayoloji yaselwandle emhlabeni inokufunyanwa. Ngeentlobo zentlanzi eziqikelelwa kuma-2,800 kuphela, iCoral Triangle ibonisa umboniso ongenakuthelekiswa nanto ubomi baselwandle, ukutsala abantu abahlukeneyo kunye neenzululwazi ezivela kwihlabathi jikelele.
Neendawo ezihlala kuzo iingoma zeli lizwe zifanele zixatyiswe ngokukhethekileyo. IPapua New Guinea likhaya labantu abaninzi imigxobhozo ye mangrove ethatha indawo eyi-51.6 yezigidi zeehektare, ebonisa owona mahluko aphezulu ehlabathini lonke. Ezi ndawo zokuhlala zizodwa aziboneleli nje ngeenzuzo ezininzi zezinto eziphilayo nendawo eziphila kuyo kuphela kodwa zikwaxhasa iindidi ezininzi zezityalo nezilwanyana, zisebenza njengeendawo ezibalulekileyo zokuzalela iintlanzi kwaye zikhusela iindawo eziselunxwemeni kukhukuliseko.
Ekugqibeleni, iPapua New Guinea iinkqubo zamanzi acocekileyo ukudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuzinziseni ilizwe iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezityebileyo. Engaphathwanga ngu ngco liseko, ezi tropiki iinkqubo zamanzi acocekileyo zinyakazela zizinto eziphilayo ezahlukahlukeneyo zasemanzini, eziquka iintlanzi, izilwanyana eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini, neentlobo ngeentlobo zezilwanyana ezingenamqolo. Ezi nkqubo zicocekileyo zamanzi acocekileyo zinkulu kakhulu ukubaluleka, inegalelo kwinto yonke ibhalansi yendalo kunye nokubonelela ngezibonelelo ezibalulekileyo kuzo zombini Zasendle kunye noluntu.
Iimpawu ze-Ecological zasePapua New Guinea
| Ecosystems | ummandla | Iimpawu eziphambili |
|---|---|---|
| Amahlathi ashinyeneyo | Iihektare ezizigidi ezili-28.2 | I-80% yendawo yehlathi, indawo yokuhlala yeentlobo ezingenakubalwa |
| Imigxobhozo yeMangrove | Iihektare ezizigidi ezili-51.6 | Eyona ntlobo iphezulu yeemangrove kwihlabathi jikelele, iindawo zokuzalela iintlanzi |
| Iindawo ezingaseluNxwemeni | Ukuxhatshazwa | Imigxobhozo yeMangrove, amachibi, imigxobhozo, iingxondorha zekorale, kunye nee-atolls |
| IiNkqubo zaManzi | Ukuxhatshazwa | Iinkqubo ezingangcoliswanga zamanzi acwengileyo akwiitropikhi ezixhasa iindidi ngeendidi zezinto eziphilayo zasemanzini |
Ngezinto ezizintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo eziphawuleka ngolo hlobo kunye neempawu zendalo, iPapua New Guinea ime njengobutyebi behlabathi, ifanelwe yimigudu yolondolozo yokugcina ilifa layo lendalo ukwenzela izizukulwana ezizayo.
Izoyikiso kwiBiodiversity yasePapua New Guinea
Nangona kukho ukutyeba kweentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo, iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo zasePapua New Guinea kunye nenkqubo yokuphilisana kwezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo zijongene nezoyikiso ezininzi. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwendawo, ikakhulu ngenxa ye ukungena kunye nokugawulwa kwezolimo, kubangele ilahleko nokonakala kwamahlathi nezinye iindawo zokuhlala. I ukuxhaphaza ngokugqithisileyo of Uvimba wendalo, kuquka izilwanyana zasendle namaplanga, nazo ziye zafak’ isandla ekuwohlokeni kweentlobo ezithile zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo. Imo iyatshintsha ibeka imingeni eyongezelelweyo, ngokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu, iipateni eziguqukayo zemvula, kunye nezinye iziphumo ezichaphazela ukuhlukahluka kwezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo. Imisebenzi yemizi-mveliso nxu lumene zemigodi, ioli negesi, amahlathi, ezolimo, nokuveliswa kwezinto ezifana namaplanga neoli yesundu zizenza zibe mandundu ngakumbi ezi zoyikiso.
Le misebenzi ye-anthropogenic ibangela umonakalo omkhulu kwi-biodiversity yasePapua New Guinea. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwendawo yokuhlala, njengokugawulwa kwamahlathi kunye nokuguqulwa komhlaba wezolimo, kutshabalalisa i-ikhosistim ebalulekileyo kunye nokususa indawo iintlobo zemveli. Ukungena inegalelo elikhulu ekutshatyalalisweni kwendawo yokuhlala, njengoko amahlathi amakhulu egawulwa ukuze kugawulwe amaplanga.
Ukuxhaphaza ngokugqithisileyo Uvimba wendalo Kwakhona kuye kwaba yingozi mpe mbelelo on iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo ePapua New Guinea. Ukuzingela ngokungazinzanga kwezilwanyana zasendle zebushmeat kunye norhwebo olungekho mthethweni kwi izilwanyana eziyingozi iye yakhokelela ekuncipheni kwabemi kwanokuphela. Ngokufanayo, ukungena imisebenzi ejolise kwiintlobo zemithi yexabiso eliphezulu ngaphandle kwezenzo zolawulo oluzinzileyo olwaneleyo zibangele ukulahlekelwa kweendawo zokuhlala zamahlathi ezibalulekileyo.
Ukutshintsha kwemozulu sesinye isisongelo kwizinto eziphilayo ePapua New Guinea. Ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu kunye nokutshintsha kweepateni zemvula kuphazamisa inkqubo yendalo kunye nokuguqula ukusasazwa kunye nokuziphatha kweentlobo. Iicoral reerals basemngciphekweni ngakumbi kwiimpembelelo zokutshintsha kwemozulu, ngokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu olwandle okukhokelela ekukhanyeni kweekorale kunye nokuthotywa kwezi ndawo zokuhlala zahlukeneyo nezibalulekileyo zaselwandle.
Imisebenzi yemizi-mveliso, kubandakanya zemigodi, ukukhutshwa kweoli nerhasi, nokuveliswa kwezinto ezifana namaplanga neoli yesundu, kunegalelo ngakumbi ekuwohlokeni kwezinto eziphilayo ePapua New Guinea. La mashishini ahlala esebenza ngemigaqo nemigaqo yokusingqongileyo enganelanga, nto leyo ekhokelela ekutshatyalalisweni kwendawo yokuhlala, ungcoliseko, kunye nelahleko Iinkonzo zendalo.
Kubalulekile ukujongana nezi zoyikiso nokuphumeza izenzo ezizinzileyo ukukhusela indalo yasePapua New Guinea ekhethekileyo nebuthathaka. Iinzame zolondolozo, kubandakanywa ukusekwa kweendawo ezikhuselweyo, ukunyanzeliswa kweendlela zolawulo lwezibonelelo ezizinzileyo, kunye nokukhuthaza iindlela ezizezinye zokuziphilisa. uluntu lwasekuhlaleni, zibalulekile ekukhuseleni ilifa lemveli lelizwe ukwenzela izizukulwana ezizayo.
IAgarwood kunye nokuSetyenziswa ngokugqithisileyo ePapua New Guinea
Umthi weAgarwood, eveliswa nguAquilaria owasulelekayo imithi, yintliziyo enevumba elixabisekileyo elijongene nokuxhaphazwa ngokugqithisileyo ePapua New Guinea. Imfuno ye iagarwood idlula kude unikezelo olukhoyo, okukhokelela ekuncipheni ngokukhawuleza kweentlobo ezithile ze-Aquilaria. Esi sixhobo sixabisekileyo sinosetyenziso lwenkcubeko, amayeza, kunye nevumba elimnandi, nto leyo esenza ukuba sifuneke kakhulu kwi urhwebo ngamavumba.
Ngelishwa, izenzo zokuvuna ezingazinzanga kunye norhwebo olungekho mthethweni lubeke imithi ye-Aquilaria emngciphekweni. Ukunqongophala kokufanelekileyo esweni kunye nolawulo lwezibonelelo zenza mandundu ngakumbi ingxaki, njengoko imithi ekujoliswe kuyo isoloko isikwa ngaphandle kokujonga ubukho bayo iagarwood. Ezi zenzo zonzakalisayo ziqhubela iintlobo ze-Aquilaria ngasemngciphekweni wokuphela.
Iinzame kufuneka zenziwe ukulungisa le izisongelo kwiintlobo ze-Aquilaria nokukhusela le mithi ixabisekileyo ekuxhatshazweni ngokugqithisileyo. Kubalulekile ukuphumeza iindlela zokuvuna ezizinzileyo kunye nokunyanzelisa imithetho engqongqo kwi urhwebo ngamavumba ukuqinisekisa ukuphila kwezi ntlobo. Ukongeza, kufanelekile esweni kunye nolawulo lwemithombo luyimfuneko ekuchongeni imithi ye-Aquilaria eyosulelekileyo kunye nokuthintela ukugawulwa kwemithi esempilweni.
Imibutho yolondolozo, imibutho karhulumente, kunye noluntu lwasekuhlaleni kufuneka basebenzisane ukuze baqonde ngokubaluleka kokugcinwa kwe-agarwood kunye nokugcinwa kweentlobo ze-Aquilaria. Ngokuthatha inyathelo elikhawulezileyo ukukhusela le mithi ixabisekileyo, iPapua New Guinea inokukhusela ilifa layo lendalo kwaye ifake isandla kwimigudu yehlabathi ulondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo.
Iindlela zoRhwebo kunye neenzame zoLondolozo lweAgarwood
IAgarwood, imveliso yexabiso, ivunwa ePapua New Guinea kwaye ithuthelwa kwiimarike zamazwe ngamazwe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Iindlela zorhwebo. Ezi ndlela zidla ngokubandakanya iindlela zokuhamba ngeenyawo namaphenyane amancinane ukuya kwindawo enqwenelekayo. Enye indawo eqhelekileyo yokuthunyelwa kwemithi ye-agarwood evela ePapua New Guinea Singapho .
Ukujongana nokuxhatshazwa ngokugqithisileyo kwe-agarwood kunye nokukhusela iintlobo kunye neendawo zokuhlala, iinzame zokulondoloza ziyaphunyezwa. La manyathelo ajolise ekukhuthazeni izenzo ezizinzileyo ekuvuneni i-agarwood kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba kuqhutywa ngendlela enoxanduva nelawulwayo.
Enye inkalo yale nzame zolondolozo kukubeka esweni urhwebo lwe-agarwood. Ngokubeka iliso ngononophelo, abasemagunyeni banokuchonga naziphi na izenzo ezingekho mthethweni okanye iindlela zokuvuna ezingazinzanga. Ngokubeka iliso kurhwebo, kunokwenzeka ukwenza imigaqo yokukhusela imithi ye-agarwood kunye nokukhuthaza izenzo ezizinzileyo.
Injongo epheleleyo yale migudu yokulondoloza kukufumana ukulingana phakathi kwexabiso lezoqoqosho le-agarwood kunye nesidingo sokukhusela umthombo wayo: imithi ye-Aquilaria. Ngezenzo ezizinzileyo kunye nokubeka iliso, kuthenjwa ukuba ishishini le-agarwood lingaphumelela ngaphandle kokwenza umonakalo kwindalo esingqongileyo.
Ukuphunyezwa okucothayo kunye noHlaziyo lweQhinga leSizwe leZilwanyana zeNdalo
Ukuphunyezwa kweSicwangciso seSizwe seBiodiversity yasePapua New Guinea kunye neSicwangciso sokuSebenza (i-NBSAP) ihlangabezane nemingeni eyahlukahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa inkqubela ecothayo, inkxaso-mali enyiniweyo kunye namandla, kunye nokungabikho koncedo. ulungelelaniso. Le miqobo ithintele ukulondolozwa okusebenzayo kwezityalo nezilwanyana zeli lizwe. Ukujongana nale miba, iinzame ziyaqhubeka zokuhlaziya i-NBSAP, ihambelane ne Iithagethi ze-Aichi Biodiversity, kwaye usete iithagethi zesizwe kulondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo. Isicwangciso esihlaziyiweyo sijolise ekoyiseni izikhewu kunye nemingeni ekuphunyezwe kuyo kwangaphambili, ukukhuthaza okukhulu ulungelelaniso phakathi kwabachaphazelekayo, ukwakha amandla, kunye nokugcinwa kwezinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo.
IiNdlela zeNkxaso zokuPhunyezwa kweZityalo ezahlukeneyo
Ukuze kuphuculwe ukuphunyezwa kolondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo ePapua New Guinea, iindlela ezahlukeneyo zenkxaso zikhona. Ezi ndlela zibandakanya Mithetho, inkxaso-mali, ukwakha amandla, ulungelelwaniso, kunye nokubandakanyeka kwe ngokwesiko abanini-mhlaba.
Umthetho: Mthetho idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuboneleleni ngenkqubo-sikhokelo yomthetho yolawulo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo. I-Environmental Act kunye ne-Conservation Environment Authority (CEPA) Act zizixhobo eziphambili zomthetho ePapua New Guinea ezixhasa ukulondolozwa kwezinto eziphilayo. Le mithetho ichaza uxanduva kunye namagunya ee-arhente zikarhulumente kunye nabachaphazelekayo ababandakanyekayo ekukhuseleni nasekulawuleni izinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo.
Inkxaso: Inkxaso yenkxaso-mali ibalulekile ekuphumezeni amanyathelo olondolozo olusebenzayo. Iinzame ziyenziwa ukufumana inkxaso-mali karhulumente neyangaphandle ukuxhasa amalinge ezinto eziphilayo ePapua New Guinea. Inkxaso-mali eyaneleyo yenza ukuba kuphunyezwe iiprojekthi zolondolozo, ukwakha amandla imisebenzi, kunye nophuhliso lwenkxaso-mali ezinzileyo yolawulo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo.
Ulwakhiwo lwezakhono: Amanyathelo okwakha amandla ajolise ekomelezeni izakhono nolwazi lwabasebenzi abathatha inxaxheba kwiiprojekthi zezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo. uqeqesho iinkqubo kunye neendibano zocweyo ziyaqhutywa ukuphucula izakhono zabantu ababandakanyekayo kulondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo. Ukuphuculwa kwezakhono kuqinisekisa ucwangciso olusebenzayo, ukuphunyezwa, kunye nokubeka iliso kwiinzame zolondolozo.
Ulungelelaniso: Ulungelelwaniso olusebenzayo phakathi kwee-arhente zikarhulumente, imibutho engekho phantsi korhulumente, kunye noluntu lwasekuhlaleni lubalulekile kulondolozo olunempumelelo lwezityalo nezilwanyana. Ulungelelwaniso luqinisekisa ukuba iinzame ziyalungelelaniswa, izixhobo zisetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo, kwaye intsebenziswano iyakhuthazwa. Unxibelelwano oluthe gqolo kunye nentsebenziswano phakathi kwabachaphazelekayo luququzelela ukutshintshiselana ngolwazi, amava, kunye nezenzo ezilungileyo kulawulo lwezityalo nezilwanyana.
Abanini-mhlaba besiNtu: Kuthathelwa ingqalelo indima ebalulekileyo ye abanini-mhlaba ngokwesintu ePapua New Guinea, ukubandakanyeka kwabo kunye nokuqwalaselwa okulinganayo kwiinkqubo zokwenza izigqibo kunye neenzame zokulondoloza kubalulekile ulawulo oluzinzileyo lwezityalo nezilwanyana. Abanini-mhlaba ngokwesintu bahlala benolwazi lwemveli kunye nezenzo ezinegalelo ekukhuselweni nasekugcinweni kwezinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo. Ukuzibandakanya nabo amalinge olondolozo iqinisekisa ukuthatha kwabo inxaxheba ngokubonakalayo kwaye inceda ukuseka ulawulo olusebenzayo lwemihlaba yesintu.
Ukushwankathela, iindlela zenkxaso ze Mithetho, inkxaso-mali, ukwakhiwa kwamandla, ukulungelelaniswa, kunye nokubandakanyeka kwabanini-mhlaba besintu kubalulekile ekuphuculeni ukuphunyezwa kokugcinwa kwezinto eziphilayo ePapua New Guinea. Ezi ndlela zibonelela ngenkxaso efunekayo yezomthetho, yezemali, kunye neyobugcisa yolawulo olusebenzayo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo kunye negalelo ekulondolozweni kwexesha elide lelifa lendalo elikhethekileyo lasePapua New Guinea.
isiphelo
Ubutyebi bezityalo nezilwanyana zasePapua New Guinea buyiasethi yendalo exabisekileyo efuna ukulondolozwa nokukhuselwa ngokukhawuleza. Eli lizwe liye lathabatha amanyathelo abalulekileyo ngokuphumeza imigaqo-nkqubo, ngokumisela imimandla ekhuselweyo, nokuphuhlisa izicwangciso zokukhusela inkqubo yalo ekhethekileyo yezinto eziphilayo nezityalo nezilwanyana. Nangona kunjalo, imingeni efana nenkxaso-mali enqongopheleyo kunye nolungelelwaniso isaqhuba.
Ukuqinisekisa ukusinda kwexesha elide kwilifa lemveli lendalo lePapua New Guinea, Uphuhliso oluphathekayo amanyathelo kufuneka abekwe phambili. Oku kubandakanya inkxaso karhulumente eyandisiweyo, malunga nenkxaso-mali kunye nokwakhiwa kwezakhono, kunye nokukhuthaza intsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe. Ngokusebenza kunye, singenza i ikamva elizinzileyo elungelelanisa uphuhliso lwezoqoqosho kunye nokukhuselwa kwezinto eziphilayo ezixabisekileyo zasePapua New Guinea.
Iinzame zokukhusela nokugcina iintlobo ezityebileyo ezifumaneka ePapua New Guinea zibambe iingenelo ezibalulekileyo kokusingqongileyo nakuluntu lwasekuhlaleni. Ulondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezahlukahlukeneyo lukhuthaza uphuhliso oluzinzileyo ngokulondoloza ubuncwane bendalo obuxhasa ukuphila, njengokuloba, ezolimo nokhenketho lwendalo. Ikwanceda ekukhuseleni iinkonzo ezibalulekileyo ze-ikhosistim, ezifana nokucocwa kwamanzi kunye nolawulo lwemozulu.
Ukuqukumbela, ulondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana zasePapua New Guinea lubalulekile impilo yeplanethi kunye nezizukulwana zayo ezizayo. Ngemigudu edibeneyo kunye nokuzibophelela ekuphuhlisweni okuzinzileyo, sinokuqinisekisa ukukhuselwa kobu butyebi bendalo obuyingqayizivele kunye neentlobo ezininzi ezibizwa ngokuba yikhaya.
FAQ
Zinjani iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo ePapua New Guinea?
IPapua New Guinea likhaya leentlobo ngeentlobo zezilwanyana nezityalo ezityebileyo, ngenxa yeendawo ezahlukahlukeneyo ezihlala kuzo kunye nenkqubo yendalo.
Ziziphi izisongelo kwizinto eziphilayo zasePapua New Guinea?
The ezahlukeneyo zezinto eziphilayo ePapua New Guinea iphantsi kwesisongelo sokutshatyalaliswa kwendawo yokuhlala, ukuxhatshazwa ngokugqithisileyo, kunye nokutshintsha kwemozulu, ngokunjalo imisebenzi yemizi-mveliso njengokugawulwa kwemithi kunye zemigodi.
Iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo zilondolozwa njani ePapua New Guinea?
UGunyaziwe woKhuseleko lokuSingqongileyo (i-CEPA) unoxanduva lokukhusela nokugcina iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo ePapua New Guinea. Ilizwe lizinzile imigaqo-nkqubo engundoqo kunye nezicwangciso-nkqubo, kubandakanywa uMthetho weNdalo ka-2000 kunye noMgaqo-nkqubo weeNdawo eziKhuselweyo ze-PNG, ukulawula nokulondoloza izinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo.
Luluphi ucelomngeni olujamelene nolondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo ePapua New Guinea?
Imingeni ibandakanya ukunqongophala kolungelelwaniso phakathi kwee-arhente zikarhulumente, inkxaso-mali enyiniweyo, kunye nemiqobo yezakhono. Kukwakho imfuneko yokuzinikela ulawulo lwendawo ekhuselweyo i-arhente kunye neziseko zophuhliso zolawulo olusebenzayo.
Ngawaphi amanyathelo akhoyo okuphucula ulondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezahlukahlukeneyo ePapua New Guinea?
Amanyathelo okuqala aquka i-USAID Iprojekthi ye-Lukautim Graun, egxile ekunciphiseni izisongelo kwizinto eziphilayo, kunye nentsebenziswano kunye nemibutho efana neZiko loMthetho weNdalo kunye namaLungelo oLuntu kunye ne-Outspan PNG Ltd. I-UNDP ikwasebenzisana ne-CEPA kwiprojekthi ye-Global Environmental Facility.
Ziziphi iimpawu zendalo ePapua New Guinea?
IPapua New Guinea iqhayisa ngezinto ezahlukeneyo eziphilayo, kubandakanya indawo yesithathu ngobukhulu yamahlathi ashinyeneyo emhlabeni, imigxobhozo ebanzi yeemangrove, kunye neendawo ezahlukeneyo zendalo yaselwandle kuNxantathu weCoral.
Lithini ifuthe lokuxhaphaza ngokugqithisileyo kwi-agarwood ePapua New Guinea?
I-Agarwood, i-heartwood enevumba elixabisekileyo, ijongene nokuxhaphazwa ngokugqithisileyo ngenxa yemfuno ephezulu. Izenzo zokuvuna ezingazinzanga kunye norhwebo olungekho mthethweni luye lwabeka imithi ye-Aquilaria, evelisa i-agarwood, emngciphekweni.
Kujongwa njani urhwebo lwe-agarwood ePapua New Guinea?
Iinzame zolondolozo zijolise ekukhuthazeni izenzo ezizinzileyo kunye nokubeka iliso kurhwebo lwe-agarwood. Oku kuquka ukuqinisekiswa kokuvuna okunenkathalo nokulawulwayo, ukukhusela iintlobo kunye neendawo zazo zokuhlala.
Kutheni le nto ukuphunyezwa kwesiCwangciso-qhinga seSizwe seZityalo-ntlobo zeNdalo kujongene nemingeni?
Imingeni ibandakanya inkqubela ecothayo, ulungelelwaniso olunyiniweyo, kunye nenkxaso-mali kunye nemiqobo yezakhono. Iinzame ziyenziwa ukuze kuhlaziywe isicwangciso, sihambelane nezinto ekujoliswe kuzo ngamazwe ngamazwe, nokukhuthaza ulungelelwaniso olukhulu.
Zeziphi iindlela zenkxaso ezikhoyo kulondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo ePapua New Guinea?
Umthetho ofana noMthetho wokuSingqongileyo kunye noMthetho weCEPA ubonelela ngesakhelo esisemthethweni. Inkxaso yenkxaso-mali, amaphulo okuxhobisa ngolwazi, kunye ulungelelwaniso lwearhente zibalulekile kulondolozo olusebenzayo. Ukubandakanyeka kwabanini-mhlaba ngokwesintu nako kubonwa kubalulekile.
IPapua New Guinea inokuzikhusela njani iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezityebileyo?
Ngokubeka phambili ukugcinwa kwezinto eziphilayo, ukuphumeza amanyathelo ophuhliso oluzinzileyo, kunye nokukhusela inkxaso-mali kunye nentsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe, iPapua New Guinea inokukhusela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zendalo kunye neentlobo zezizukulwana ezizayo.
