S3, E19: Ubume beedolophu zethu kunye noDkt Nadina Galle, iCandelo loku-2

Ushicilelo oluveliswe ngedijithali (lunokubandakanya ezinye iimpazamo)

Molo emva kwemini okanye kusasa kuwe. Lo nguJackie De Burca kwaye ndikunye noNadina Galle. Kwakhona, esi sisiqendu sesibini saMazwi oKwakhayo uNadina athatha inxaxheba kuyo. UNadina ubonakaliswe kwizinto ezithandwa yi-BBC Earth, uNat Geo. Kutshanje uphehlelele incwadi yakhe yokuqala efundeka ngendlela emangalisayo, efikelelekayo, egcwele ibali lakhe, exutywe nezixhobo ezininzi ezimangalisayo kunye nobuchule bokusebenza nendalo kunye nokwenza umhlaba wethu ubengcono kuthi kwaye silwe ngokuchaseneyo. imo iyatshintsha. UNadina, intshayelelo nje ekhawulezayo ngenxa yokuba isiqendu sokuqala sasintywila ngokunzulu kumsebenzi wakho ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.

[00:00:57] Nadina Galle: Ewe. Ndiyabulela kwakhona Jackie, kakhulu ngokuba nam. NdinguNadina Khala. Ndiyinjineli yendalo yaseDatshi yaseKhanada, umhloli welizwe lelizwe, ndikwangumbhali wepodcast kwaye kutsha nje umbhali yoBume beZixeko zethu.

[00:01:12] UJackie De Burca: Ngoku sizakutsibela kanye kuba sinomhlaba omninzi wokugubungela kwesi siqendu sithile. Njengento endayifundayo kwixesha elidlulileyo ngokwam, amayeza eSintu aseTshayina ayalela okanye athi, ukuba uyathanda, ukuba izinto ezintlanu eziziinkuni, umoya, isinyithi, amanzi nomhlaba, ukuba zilungelelene, kufuneka sizive kamnandi. Kwaye ndiyazibuza xa mna, uyazi, ndisetyisa incwadi yakho kunye nezinye izinto ebendizifunda mva nje, ndiyazibuza, ngaba le nto ingasetyenziswa kwinqanaba elithile kwihlabathi elisingqongileyo? Ucinga ntoni wena, Nadina?

[00:01:47] UNadina Galle: Ewe, ndicinga ukuba yinto enomdla. Njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili kushicilelo lwethu lwangaphambili, akukho mntu wakha waludibanisa, kodwa ndicinga ukuba iyavakala kwaye ndicinga ukuba eyona nto intle kuyo yile nto ndiyikholelwayo, uyazi, iyeza lesiNtu laseTshayina lalizama ukwenza ngezi zinto zintlanu, le ngcamango yokuba kufuneka sizame ukuya kuhlobo oluthile lokulinganisa. Kwaye ndicinga ukuba yiloo nto kanye elahlekileyo, ibhalansi kwizixeko zethu. Sihambe kakhulu ukuya kwi-asphalt, ikhonkrithi, indawo eyakhelweyo kwaye siye saphambukela kude kakhulu nendalo esingqongileyo. Kwaye ndiyacinga ukuba ndinganxulumana kakhulu nolu luvo lweziqalelo ezintlanu kunye noku kuzisa ulungelelwaniso olutsha kanye kanye kulo mngeni sijongene nawo ngoku. Sizisa njani ulungelelwaniso kwindlela esilondoloza ngayo kwaye silondoloze indalo yethu, kodwa sijongane nokunyuka kwengxaki yezindlu kunye nesidingo sophuhliso lwabantu? Sinokuba nemvisiswano njani phakathi kwezo zibini?

[00:02:50] UJackie De Burca: Ewe, ngumceli mngeni kodwa ixesha elinika umdla ngoku kwiNdawo yeZixeko Zethu ulibalisa elakho ibali. Njengoko benditshilo, ngelixa udibanisa iindlela ezininzi ezintle kunye nezixhobo. Ukuba siqala nge-element of wood medina, ehambelana nemithi kunye nobomi bezityalo. Ndingathanda ukuthi kuwe, uyazi, njengomntu oqalayo kwindawo obhala ngayo, ndothuswa nje luluhlu lwemithi ekuqaleni ukuba lwalukhona, kwaye ngakumbi nangakumbi. iinzwa zomthi. Ngaba ungazichaza ezi kunye nezifundo zazo ezifanelekileyo?

[00:03:22] UNadina Galle: Ewe, uluhlu lwemithi ngokukodwa lunomdla kuba ndicinga ukuba luyinto, njengoko sibona kumasebe eepaki kunye nezolonwabo, kumasebe ehlathi, ihlala iyinto engaqondwa kakuhle. Uluhlu lwemithi yile nto luvakala ngayo. Luluhlu lwempahla, ubalo lwayo yonke imithi, okanye ubuncinane leyo ikumhlaba kawonke-wonke esixekweni. Ke yeyakho, yehlathi lakho lonke lasezidolophini elibandakanya imithi kwiipaki, ezitratweni zethu, kwi amahlathi. Kwaye ngokufanelekileyo, kuluhlu lwemithi epheleleyo, unokubandakanya nemithi kumhlaba wabucala. Ke abo bakwiiyadi ezingemva okanye iiyadi ezi-4, okanye kwezo zikwiikhampasi zeshishini, kwiikhampasi zekholeji, nawuphi na umhlaba onokuthi ungabi ngowesixeko. Kungoko kuphela apho unombono opheleleyo wento eyenzekayo ngaphakathi kwehlathi lasezidolophini. Kwaye loo datha, olo luhlu lubandakanya ulwazi malunga nomthi ngamnye, njengendawo yabo, imeko yabo, yabo iintlobo, ubungakanani bazo, umthamo wabo we-canopy, isithsaba sabo, ububanzi bawo ekuphakameni kwamabele, zonke ezi metrics ezahlukeneyo malunga nomthi ngamnye. Kwaye ke, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ukuba baqhuba njani, imeko yabo, impilo yabo, ngaba babonisa naziphi na iimpawu zoxinzelelo okanye izifo okanye izinambuzane?

Kwaye xa ndicacisa oku, ungacinga, kulungile, oko kubonakala ngathi ngumbono olungileyo ukuba nawo. Kwaye njengoko ndichaza kule ncwadi, iyothusa kakhulu ukufunda ukuba zingaphi na izixeko ezingenalo uluhlu lwemithi okanye azinalo uluhlu lwemithi esebenzayo, oko kuthetha ukuba banokuba nayo enye, uyazi, abayenzile. I-10 okanye i-15 kwiminyaka eyadlulayo. Kodwa loo datha ngokuqinisekileyo sele iphelelwe lixesha, iyenza ingasebenzi kakuhle.

Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuhamba malunga nokufumana uluhlu lwemithi kuba njengoko ndichaza kwincwadi, ezi zibaluleke kakhulu ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi. Enye, zibonelela ngesiseko esivakalayo kuso nasiphi na isicwangciso solawulo lwamahlathi edolophu. Ndithetha ukuthi, kufana nentetho yakudala, awukwazi ukulawula into ongayilinganisiyo ukuba awuyazi into oyilawulayo. Ungazi njani ukuba wenze ntoni yonke imihla? Kwaye ndichaza umceli mngeni ngaloo nto ngembali yam yokundwendwela umphathi womthi omkhulu wesixeko saseBoston, ndisiya eofisini yakhe, ndibona iimfumba zamaphepha, ndibhale amanqaku kuyo yonke indawo, ebhala phantsi ezandleni zakhe, ezama ukugcina umkhondo wazo zonke. le mithi tre kuba akanayo yokusebenza umthi inventory kwaye uthetha kancinci malunga nokuba kutheni. Kwaye ke, uluhlu lwemithi. Indlela ebesisoloko sihamba ngayo ekufumaneni uluhlu lwemithi iye yandala ngokumangalisayo. Uyazi, indlela esenza ngayo kwizixeko ezininzi kusekule mihla sithumela umntu kumthi ngamnye ngeteyiphu yokulinganisa kunye nebhodi eqhotyoshwayo kunye nosiba nephepha, kwaye urekhoda lonke olu lwazi olungenakwenzeka. kwisikali esifuna olu lwazi. Ke ndithetha ngobuninzi betekhnoloji entsha esinabo kwi-arsenal yethu ngoku kule mihla kunye neminyaka ekufuneka siyisebenzise. Kwaye ayisiyonto imangalisayo yoluhlu lwesoftware kuphela eyenza umsebenzi womntu onokuthi uthunyelwe kumthi ngamnye ube lula. Uyazi, ngokuzalisa olu lwazi kwithebhulethi ngesoftware eza kukunika umbono olungileyo ngenene, uyazi, yeyiphi imithi okhe waya kuyo, yeyiphi imithi ongenayo, loluphi ulwazi ekufuneka uluqokelele. Loo nto ngokwayo sele, uyazi, ithathe amanyathelo amakhulu. Kodwa kuthekani ukuba bekukho indlela yokubuyisela loo mntu ngento ebizwa ngokuba yitekhnoloji yelidar? Kwaye i-lidar ngokusisiseko sesi sekena se-3D osibeka phezu kobhaka okanye emotweni kwaye uhamba okanye uqhuba ujikeleze indawo. Kwaye ithatha, eneneni, iwele ledijithali, imodeli ye-3D yayo yonke into eyibonayo, iwele ledijithali lendawo okungqongileyo kunye nento eyenziwe ziinkampani ezininzi ezahlukeneyo. Ngoku, ndithetha nge-Tree Tracker, inkampani ekwincwadi. Baye baphuhlisa algorithms apho ngokusisiseko bagqume yonke into kwelo wele ledijithali ngaphandle kwemithi. Ke ushiywe neliwele ledijithali layo yonke imithi kwisixeko sakho. Ngale ndlela uyakwazi ukufumana ulwazi oluhlaziyiweyo kwinkqubo ethatha iintsuku kuneminyaka kwimephu. Kwaye kwangoko, ndiyazi, uyazi, iintsimbi ze-alam ziyakhala, kodwa uvele, uyazi, uthathe indawo yomntu. Ewe, awukayifuni ngokupheleleyo, kuba usafuna, uyazi, ngaphandle kokuba usebenzisa isithuthi esizimeleyo, usafuna umntu oqhuba imoto okanye ohambahamba nobhaka. Kodwa okona kubaluleke kakhulu, into oyenzileyo kukuba ukhulule umntu lowo okanye abantu abakhe bachitha iinyanga zokoqobo neminyaka bejikeleza kumthi ngamnye kwaye berekhoda olu lwazi. Ngoku uye wakhulula ixesha laloo mntu ukuba akwazi ukuhlalutya ulwazi oluqokelelweyo kwaye okona kubaluleke kakhulu, tyelela imithi efuna uncedo ngendlela, ngethemba lokuthintela, ukuba sinokugcina imithi emininzi ngaphambi kokuba inyanzeliswe ukuba igawulwe ngenxa ukhathalelo olungafanelekanga. Ngenxa yokuba la masebe abopheleleke kakhulu kwizixhobo zokusebenza, nayiphi na indlela esinokwenza ngayo umsebenzi wabo usebenze ngakumbi kwaye uphuculwe ngakumbi iyonwabisa ngokwenene. Kwaye enye yezinto endiyivileyo amaxesha ngamaxesha ngabasebenzi bemithi, amahlathi asezidolophini, kukuba bathandana kakhulu nento yokuba banexesha elingakumbi. Kuba eneneni eyona nxalenye bayithandayo yomsebenzi wabo kukufundisa uluntu ngokubaluleka kwemithi kunye nokwenza ukufumana uluhlu lwemithi yabo ngale ndlela kukhulula ixesha elininzi lokukwazi ukwenza umsebenzi abawuthandayo. Isizathu sokuba bangene kule ndawo kwindawo yokuqala. Ngoko ke luluhlu lokunyanga.

[00:08:57] UJackie De Burca: Ndiyazi, kwaye iyamangalisa ngokwenene kuba abantu banexhala. AI kwaye konke, uyazi, yonke into yobuchwepheshe ithatha kude, uyazi, umntu, imfuno yomntu yokuba nomsebenzi. Kodwa uyayazi into eyenzayo, yenza lo msebenzi wolawulo umangalisayo njengoko usitsho, yenza ezo Iingcali ukwenza umsebenzi obaluleke ngakumbi.

[00:09:15] UNadina Galle: Kanye. Kwaye ukuba, ukuba sifuna imithi emininzi kwizixeko zethu, ukuba siza kuqonda ukuba kubaluleke kangakanani oko kwaye ukuba siza kutyala imali ukuze senze oko, awukwazi ukuvele uhambe utyale njengoko sibona ezixekweni. emhlabeni wonke jikelele. Amaphulo okutyalwa kwemithi yezigidi zetriliyoni. Awunakuyenza loo nto ngaphandle kolawulo olululo kunye nenkqubo yokhathalelo lwasemva kokusebenza.

Kuyingozi. Njengoko sibonile kwisixeko saseSingapore, esiye sajongana nabantu abaninzi, iziganeko zemithi njengoko zibizwa. Kukho, uyazi, ityala elikhulu lokuba nemithi emininzi kwisixeko sethu. Yiloo nto ke ekufuneka siyijonge ngokwenyani. Kwaye ezi zixhobo zisinika indlela yokuhlaza izixeko zethu ngendlela eziva ikhuselekile, zombini kumasipala osoloko ephethe uxanduva kunye noxanduva lwale mithi, kodwa nakubo bonke abemi ukuba, uyazi, bahlala ecaleni kwabo ngokulandelayo. kwipropati yabo, ecaleni kweemoto zabo, ecaleni kweentsapho zabo, beziva ngathi, kulungile, uyazi, le mithi ilawulwa ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ilawulwa kakuhle. Ke ndiyazi ukuba ndikhuselekile ukuhlala phakathi kwezi ngxilimbela zithambileyo ukuze zibe nokunikezela ngeenzuzo esizidingayo.

[00:10:25] UJackie De Burca: Ewe, iyavakala kakhulu loo nto. Kunjalo ngokwenene. Ngoku, into enye, ke, kwakukho izinto ezininzi ezandichukumisayo kuyo yonke le ncwadi, kodwa inye into eyayindichukumisa, yintsebenziswano kaBette Midler eNew York. Kodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi, uNadina, njengawe, ndifumene kule mini kunye neminyaka yokuba ukungabikho kotyalo-mali ekulweni nokushisa kweziseko eziluhlaza, kunzima ukuyiqonda, akunjalo?

[00:10:49] UNadina Galle: Ndicinga ukuba siyibona njengexesha nexesha kwakhona. Uyazi, ndicinga ukuba ngoku sikule nto, ndingatsho njengeminyaka emihlanu iminyaka emithandathu ngoku, ukusukela ngo-2018, ukuba sibona yonke irekhodi lekhefu lehlobo emva kwerekhodi emva kwerekhodi. Kwaye ewe, inxalenye yaloo nto iqhutywa kukutshintsha kwemozulu, kodwa ikwaqhutywa nje yindlela esakha ngayo nokuphuhlisa izixeko zethu. Kunene. Njengaye nabani na ohlala embindini wehlathi akakhalazi ngobushushu obugqithisileyo kwezi ndawo kuba zineziseko ezingundoqo, le mithi ijikelezileyo ukubagcina ipholile xa ithelekiswa nabantu, njengoko baninzi abantu abahlala kwezi, uyazi, grey. Ezintlango, ezi, uyazi, uthungelwano, le mihlaba yedolophu ene-asphalt eninzi kunye nekhonkrithi, eyenza into ebizwa ngokuba yi-heat island effect, apho unobushushu obuninzi obubanjwe kule ndawo ngenxa yokuba akukho ndawo yokuya kuyo. I-asphalt, i-asphalt emnyama emnyama ifunxa ubushushu, ibukhuphele ngaphandle. Ayinandawo yokuya. Kwaye sibona abantu abaninzi ngakumbi nangakumbi besilwa bubushushu obugqithisileyo ngalo lonke uhlobo lwehlobo. Kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo imithi ikhula ngokucothayo kwaye sisisombululo esicothayo kwaye ngakumbi isizathu sokuba siqale izolo. Kwaye sinethemba lokuba uninzi lwezi zixhobo kunye nobuchule bubonisa, njengoko sinobuchwepheshe obutsha bemephu, ukuba iindawo esinemithi emininzi kunye nohlaza oluninzi zinemingeni yempilo enxulumene nobushushu obugqithisileyo kunezo zingenayo.

[00:12:21] UJackie De Burca: Oko kusizisa kakuhle kumbuzo olandelayo, Adina, kuba umntu osebenzisane naye, uGqr. ezinye iindawo ezingcono kakhulu kwaye ezinye ngokucacileyo kunye, kunye neendawo ezithwaxwa yintlupheko, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekudaleni ubushushu Watch. Ngaba ungathetha nathi ngale nto nceda?

[00:12:49] Nadina Galle: Ewe, ke, ke uGqr. Vivek Chandiz ngunjingalwazi we ukuziqhelanisa nemozulu kwiYunivesithi yasePortland State kwaye ebefunda iimpembelelo ezingalinganiyo zobushushu obugqithisileyo kutshintsho lwabantu abahlukeneyo iminyaka. Ke ngokusisiseko into ayiyo, into ebeyibona kumakhaya ezikwiindawo ezinohlaza oluncinane zijongene ngokungafanelekanga neempembelelo zobushushu obugqithisileyo. Kwaye uye waba ngokupheleleyo, unokuthi uthabatheke, uthe phithi kolo phando. Yaye wayefuna ukwenza okungakumbi kunokuphanda nje. Ke ndiye ndahamba ngesabatha kubuprofesa bakhe ePortland State kwaye waseka into ngoku eyinkampani ebizwa ngokuba yiCapa Strategies. Kwaye ngokusisiseko imveliso yabo ephambili, eyona nkonzo yabo iphambili liphulo elibizwa ngokuba yiheatwatch. Ke into abayenzayo banxiba, liphulo eliqhutywa ngamavolontiya ngokupheleleyo. Banxibisa amavolontiya ngezivamvo abazifaka kwiibhayisekile zabo okanye kwiimoto zabo kwaye baqhube okanye bakhwele indlela ebekwe kwangaphambili ukutyhubela isixeko sabo. Kwaye eli phulo lokwenza imaphu lenziwe, ndiyakholwa ukuba ngoku ziidolophu ezingama-600 kwihlabathi jikelele. Kwaye minyaka le bongeza ngaphezulu. Kwaye ezi zivamvo, zilinganisa ubushushu be-ambient, ukufuma okunxulumeneyo. Kwaye into abayenzayo kukubonelela ngemilinganiselo ephezulu yendawo. Kwaye umba awayejongene nawo uVivek kuphando lwakhe, wayewusebenzisa, njengoko uninzi lusenza, ubukhulu becala imilinganiselo yesathelayithi. Ngoko ke into oyenzayo isuka kwisathelayithi yeekhilomitha ukuya phezulu kwi-orbit, unokulinganisa ubushushu esitratweni. Kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo izakuba ngumlinganiselo orhabaxa kakhulu. Kwaye siyabona ukuba kukho umahluko omkhulu, omkhulu. Uyazi, njengoko ndicacisa kudliwanondlebe lwam noVivek, njengoko sijikeleza iPortland, umahluko phakathi kwelinye icala lesitrato ngokuchasene nelinye, kuba kukho ivy eludongeni okanye kuba kukho imithi engaphezulu kweli cala. yesitalato, inkulu, inkulu. Ndithetha ukuba sithetha ngamanye amaxesha njengomahluko ophindwe kabini wedigri yecentigrade. Oku kukuthi, lo ngumbandela wobomi nokufa. Kwaye ukuba asinayo idata elungileyo ukuyibuyisela phezulu, ngokupheleleyo, uyazi, thina, kunzima kakhulu ukwenza loo nto kutheni uhlaza, kwaye hayi imithi nje, ezinye iintlobo zohlaza ngokunjalo kubaluleke kakhulu. Njengoko kwakukho njengomzekelo wesixeko saseRaleigh eDurham, eNorth Carolina, ezi zixeko ezingamawele, babecinga ekuqaleni kwizicwangciso zabo zokulungela ubushushu ukuba babenedigri enye umahluko phakathi kweendawo ezahlukeneyo zedolophu. Yintoni abayifumeneyo emva kokwenza iphulo lokujonga ukushisa ukuba oku kwakuphantse kube yi-10 degrees umahluko phakathi kweendawo ezithile. Ke kwakhona, obu bubomi, ngumcimbi wobomi nokufa ngokubhekiselele apho eyona nto iphambili iphezulu ukuze ukwazi ukwenza olu ngenelelo lohlaza. Kwaye olu hlobo lwemilinganiselo ye-hyper yendawo isinika loo datha endivakalelwa kukuba bobabini abemi badinga kakhulu ukuba babe neengxoxo ezifanelekileyo, unokuthi, ukuzisa kwabanye abachaphazelekayo ukwenza olu tyalo-mali.

[00:16:02] UJackie De Burca: Kuyothusa kakhulu ukuva loo mahluko kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo owazibandakanyayo kwincwadi. Kwaye enye yezinto ezandibethayo, uNadina, ukuba evela kwindawo ye-novice efunda olu lwazi e-UK, iYunivesithi yokuFunda yayinophando olubonisa ukuba izityalo ze-ivy kunye ne-vertical wall zingakhokelela kwi-30% ngaphantsi. ilahleko yobushushu.

Kwaye njengoko ubuzikhankanya kwimizuzu embalwa edlulileyo, uyazi, amatyholo kunye namatyholo, zikwabaluleke kakhulu kuyo yonke le nto. Kodwa bona, ndicinga ukuba babonakala bengasathethi kakhulu ngenene, akunjalo?

[00:16:36] UNadina Galle: Ewe, ndicinga ukuba mhlawumbi abantu banonxibelelwano oluncinci namatyholo kunye namatyholo kunokuba banemithi, eqondakalayo, ndicinga ukuba xa kuziwa kumceli mngeni wohlaza okanye izixeko kunye neendawo zethu zasezidolophini kufuneka sibenenyani malunga nokuba kunokwenzeka. Uyazi, ndicinga ukuba uninzi lwethu luthi, ukuba unendawo yomthi, beka umthi. Kodwa ndiyacinga ukuba nathi kufuneka sibe njalo, kufuneka sibenenyani ngokwenene kuba nawuphi na umlimi olungileyo uya kuthi kuwe, ndiza kutyala kuphela umthi ochanekileyo kwindawo elungileyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Kwaye olo hlobo lokucinga, ndiyakholwa, lubaluleke kakhulu. Ndingathanda kakhulu ukubona kwaye ndityale izibonelelo kumthi omnye onokuthi ube neminyaka eyi-100 kwisitalato esinye kunoko. Uyazi, ndityala imithi eli-10 enokuthi ibe neminyaka eli-10 kuphela ubudala kuba ayinayo indawo engaphantsi komhlaba kwaye ayiyi kufumana ukhathalelo kunye nezixhobo ezifunekayo ukuze ziphumelele. Singcono kakhulu ukuba nesandla semithi emikhulu kakhulu esitratweni emva koko sineqela elipheleleyo ekufuneka ligawulwe xa lineminyaka eli-10 okanye eli-12 okanye eli-15 ubudala. Oko akulunganga ixesha lethu kunye nezixhobo zethu. Ke ndicinga ukuba kufuneka siyigxeke kakhulu loo nto nathi. Kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo, kule ncwadi, andizikhathazi ngenxa nje yasendle uhlaza ezidolophini yonke indawo oyibonayo. Kufuneka sibe nengqiqo ngoko kunokwenzeka. Kwaye kwiindawo ezininzi, umzekelo, kwesi sahluko soBushushu obugqithisileyo, ndithetha ngesixeko saseParis, esiphume nezityalo eziluhlaza kakhulu. Kodwa kwezo, zazikwayiyo ngokwenene imida yemithi. Kwaye kwizitrato ezininzi zaseParis, uyazi, iParis ingazibiza izitrato, singazibiza, uyazi, zincinci, iindledlana ezixineneyo, zinyanisekile, kakhulu, ziyinyani malunga nento yokuba imithi ayizukusebenza apho. Ke endaweni yokutyala imithi apho, bathethe ngalo mbono wokudala izitrato ze-oasis ezingacaphuliyo kunye nokusebenzisa uhlaza oluthe nkqo. Ke, uyazi, uhlaza onokuthi ulutyale ecaleni kodonga, uhlaza oluphezu kophahla. Kwaye kwakhona into eya ithandwa ngakumbi yinto ebizwa ngokuba buhlaza oluhambahambayo, apho ubeka khona uhlaza. Kusenokubakho nemithi emincinci emincinci, kodwa idla ngokuba ngamatyholo namatyholo. Ubabeka ebhedini ephakanyisiweyo, kodwa okunene ubeka loo nto, laa mandlalo aphakanyisiweyo ngamavili ukuze ukwazi ukuyihambisa ujikeleze isixeko apho uyidinga khona kakhulu. Into evakala ingaqhelekanga, kodwa inokusebenza ngokwenyani kokubini ubushushu obugqithisileyo, kodwa nokongeza idosi eluhlaza efunekayo kwindawo ongayi kuba nayo loo nto.

[00:19:14] UJackie De Burca: Unomdla, unomdla. Ngoku, ukhankanye iSingapore, uNadine ngaphambili kunye nokusetyenziswa kobuchwepheshe be-LIDAR, obuneziphumo ezinomdla, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo kwakukho imiba. Ngaba ungasichazela kancinci ngaloo nto.

[00:19:28] Nadina Galle: Ewe. Ke iSingapore, ndingatsho, ngokuqinisekileyo ikhokela intlawulo xa kufikwa ekusebenziseni itekhnoloji yemephu ye-LIDAR ukuze ube noluhlu lwemithi eyomeleleyo. Kwaye eSingapore oko kuyafuneka ngokuqinisekileyo kuba ubuninzi bomhlaba ngoworhulumente wesixeko, yiSingapore. Iqhutywa ngumbutho obizwa ngokuba yi-N Parks kwaye ngokudibeneyo, ndiyakholelwa, balawula imithi eyi-7 yezigidi. Oku kungenxa yokuba banomhlaba omninzi ongoworhulumente wesixeko kwaye ngenxa yokuba sisixeko esiluhlaza ngendlela emangalisayo, uyazi. Kwaye kumashumi eminyaka ngoku, ngeli xesha, iSingapore ibeke phambili umnqweno wokuba abe. Kuqala yayisisitiya, enegadi ezininzi esixekweni, emva koko bayitshintsha ukuze ibe sisixeko esisegadini. Ke bayafuna, uyazi, kwaye banalo kakhulu, lo mbono wesixeko siphela ukuba ngokuqinisekileyo uziva ngathi uhamba kwihlathi elishinyeneyo xa u, uyazi, unyuka kwindawo yakho yasezidolophini. Kwaye ekubeni ndihlale apho iinyanga ezintandathu kwinani leminyaka emva, ndingangqina ngokupheleleyo koku. Kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo oko kuvakala ngathi. Kodwa iSingapore ayifani, uyazi, iiAmsterdams kunye neLondon kunye neParis kunye neNew Yorks zehlabathi. Yimozulu ephantsi, ngoko ke uhlaza lukhula ngokukhawuleza ngendlela emangalisayo. Zikwachaphazeleka ngokunzulu kwiimonsoon, izaqhwithi zemvula, umoya omninzi, onokuthi wenze ungquzulwano oluhle, oluyingozi, ukuba uyathanda, phakathi kwabantu kunye nemithi abathembele kuyo. Ke iNParks eSingapore ityale imali eninzi ekudaleni loo modeli yamawele edijithali, kodwa ukongeza koko, nokufakela izinto ezifana nezivavanyi zokuthambeka kwimithi ethile eneneni elinganisa ukuba ungakanani umthi ohambayo kwiziganeko zomoya ogqithisileyo ukufumana umbono wemfezeko yolwakhiwo. lwaloo mthi. Kwakhona benza izinto ezifana ne-SAP flow sensors ukuze bafumane umbono wokuba usempilweni kangakanani na loo mthi kunye nendlela okhula ngayo. Baneerobhothi ezikhwela imithi kwaye zithene ukuba kuyimfuneko kwiimeko ezinobungozi kakhulu. Baneerobhothi zokucheba ingca kwiindawo zeepaki ezinokufuna ukuchetywa. Yinto entle engakholelekiyo, intuthuko yetekhnoloji abayenzileyo. Ayiyiyo yonke into encamathela ngokuthe ngqo ukuncamathisela, uyazi, uninzi lwezinye izixeko ezikhulu kwihlabathi liphela, kodwa ndicinga ukuba ngokuqinisekileyo yinto esinokujonga kuyo njengendlela yokugcina, ndicinga ukuba ukuthembela ligama elifanelekileyo. , sithembele kumasipala ukuba uyiphatha kakuhle imithi yethu kuba kukho intlekele eyenzeke kwigadi yezityalo eSingapore apho umthi weTembuso omdala kakhulu wawa ngexesha lekonsathi kwaye yonzakalisa kabuhlungu usapho. Nyhani yade yambulala umama. Iwele lakhe elinonyaka ubudala lasinda njengomyeni walo. Kodwa ezo yayiziindaba ezinkulu eSingapore, njengoko unokucinga. Kwaye ngoko nangoko, uyazi, ngokukhawuleza izisa olu loyiko lokwenyani endiziva abantu abaninzi kuqeqesho lwam bayalibala. Uyazi, abanye abantu baphathwa yi-dendrophobia, uloyiko lokwenyani lwemithi. Kwaye ngokuqondakalayo xa iimeko ezinje zisenzeka kwaye yintoni eyenziwe yiSingapore, ngokwenene, uyazi, ndicinga ukuba yayingunyaka we-2000, babika into efana ne-3100 yabantu bemithi, iziganeko zemithi. Ke ezo ziziganeko zokuwa kwemithi, kwenzakalise abantu, ukuwa kwamasebe, uyazi, ukwenzakala, ukwenzakala, ukuzisa umonakalo kwiimoto, uyazi, izinto ezinjalo.

Bakwazile ukunciphisa oko nge-90% ngenxa yalo lonke olu tyalo-mali lwezobuchwepheshe abalwenzileyo. Kwaye anditsho ukuba igqibelele, kodwa ndicinga ukuba ihambe indlela ende yokunceda ukubuyisela ukholo kunye nethemba lokuba imithi kunye nabantu banokuphila kunye nakwelona hlathi lixineneyo, njengezixeko esinazo emhlabeni.

[00:23:38] UJackie De Burca: Ngokuqinisekileyo. Kwaye ndicinga ukuba okukhona abantu abafundileyo besiba malunga nezi zihloko, Nadina, uyazi, kokukhona abantu baya kuqonda ukuba ngaphandle kwabo, uyazi, ukufa kuya kwenzeka ngokukhawuleza, ngenxa yezinye izizathu, awucingi?

[00:23:52] UNadina Galle: Ewe, kwaye yile nto. Kufana, ewe, ukuba nomthi esixekweni kunokubeka imingcipheko kubantu abahambayo okanye abahlala phantsi kwawo. Ngokuqinisekileyo. Kodwa imingcipheko yokungabi naloo mthi, imingcipheko yento enokuyenza kwimpilo yakho okanye kwizikhukhula ezigqithisileyo, apho iSingapore nayo izama ukulwa nayo, ngokushisa okukhulu, kunye ilahleko yendalo, zonke ezi zinto zinento yokwenza mpe mbelelo kwimpilo yethu nakwintlalo-ntle yethu kunye nokhuseleko lwethu, ezo zinto ziziswe emngciphekweni omkhulu ngakumbi ukuba loo mthi ubungekho. Kwaye ndicinga ukuba kulapho sisenomsebenzi omninzi ekufuneka siwenze kunye, uyazi, sibambene netekhnoloji, sinikeze i-ikhosistim yokuthembela kunye nokholo lokuba le mithi ibekwe kwindawo engeyiyo yendalo, ifumana ukhathalelo kunye nezibonelelo ezifunekayo ukuze zikwazi ukuphumelela kwaye zikwazi ukubonelela ngezo zibonelelo ngaphandle kokuba zingabi yingozi kubemi abahlala kuyo. nalapho.

[00:24:52] UJackie De Burca: Ewe, ibaluleke kakhulu loo nto. Kwaye ndiyaqikelela ukuba ngelishwa kukho iintlekele ezininzi ezenzekayo ngenxa yokutshintsha kwemozulu. Kwaye uyazi, abantu, ndicinga ukuba, baya kukhathazeka ngakumbi kwaye babandezeleka ngenxa yokukhathazeka ngokuxhomekeke kwiqela lobudala kunye neemeko. Uyazi, sisifundo esikhulu kwaye esintsonkothileyo.

Ayikhange incediswe yinyaniso yokuba ukuqhubela phambili kwinto yomlilo, kuye kwakho, njengoko ukhankanyile, ngokwenene ukusukela ngo-2018, kodwa eneneni nangaphambi koko, zininzi iintlekele ezoyikisayo kwihlabathi liphela. Ezinye zazo uzibandakanya kwincwadi malunga nemililo yasendle. Ngoku, enye yezi ikhokelele ekudalweni kwe-burn bot. Yintoni lento? Yaye kwenzeka njani oko?

[00:25:39] UNadina Galle: Ewe, leyo yi.

Isahluko esithetha ngemililo yasendle sesinye sezona kwakunzima ukusibhala. Ibiyenye naleyo bendinexhala kakhulu ukuyibhala kuba ibiyenye yezinto ebendingenawo amava. Amava kunye namava ophando oluncinci kunye nawo. Ndiye ndaya eCarlifonia nase-Oregon kwaye ndenza olunye udliwano-ndlebe ukuze ndincede ndiwuqonde kakuhle lo mbandela untsokothileyo nonamacala amaninzi. Kwaye into endiyifundileyo, xa ndithetha nabantu abaphambili kule ngxaki, kukuqonda ukuba, ewe, utshintsho lwemozulu ludlale indima ekwenzeni ukuba iimeko zome kwaye shushu, ngokucacileyo kudala umjikelo wokusasazeka komlilo. Kodwa eyona nto ndayifundayo xa ndandilapho kukuba le yingxaki yolawulo lwezityalo. Kwaye ngakumbi ilizwe elinjengeCalifornia, elithe labandezeleka kakhulu, uyazi, iintlekele zomlilo wasendle kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo, kukuba lo ngumba. Oko kunxulunyaniswa nzulu nendlela esiye sahamba ngayo ekulawuleni imbonakalo-mhlaba. Ke ngoko, ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, xa, uyazi, ngaphambi kokuba abahlali baseYurophu beze, umlilo wawuyinxalenye enkulu yendalo. Ngoko umlilo wawubaswa ngokwenene ngabemi bomthonyama, wawubaswa xa babevakalelwa kukuba lihlathi elifanele ligawulwe, yaye wawuvula indlela yezityalo zomhlaba ochumileyo. Zombini iintlobo zemithi kunye neentlobo zezilwanyana zazisetyenziselwa ukuba nomlilo kulo mhlaba. Yayiyinxalenye enkulu yolawulo, kuthethwa ngokukhululekileyo ngale nto, yale, yalo mhlaba.

Ngokuqinisekileyo, xa abahlali baseYurophu beza, umlilo wabonwa njengento eyoyika kakhulu, into ofuna ukuyicinezela, ngokuqinisekileyo ayikho into ofuna ukuyiqhuba kwindawo yakho. Ngoko kwakukho iminyaka kunye neminyaka apho yayicinezelwe khona. Kwaye oko kwasebenza kakuhle kuba kwangaxeshanye, ukugawulwa kwemithi kwaba kukhulu, akunjalo? Kwakukho ukugawulwa kwemithi okukhulu okwakusenzeka ngeminyaka yee-1800s nasekuqaleni kweminyaka yee-1900 de yonke loo nto yayekiswa phantse ngobusuku ngenxa yemithetho yendalo esingqongileyo eninzi, ngokumangalisayo, imithetho yokusingqongileyo eyayiza ukukhusela iintlobo ezithile, ngakumbi isikhova esibonakalayo, kwiziphumo zeshishini lokugawula imithi. Ke ngobusuku, ishishini lokugawulwa kwemithi lamiswa kwaye lasiwa kwenye indawo emhlabeni, iAmazon, ewe, ingomnye wabo. Yaye into eyadalwa koku yinkqubo yendalo, inkqubo yendalo yamahlathi eyathi kwiminyaka eliqela yakhula ngokukhawuleza. Kunene. Uninzi lwe-understory, i-brush eninzi ayizange isuswe kwaye yenziwe kwakhona. Kwaye ndisebenzisa izibalo kwi. Encwadini. Andinayo ukusuka phezulu kwentloko yam, kodwa ingcamango ngokungqongqo kukuba sasihlala sinento efana nawe uyazi, ishumi elinesibini leziqu, njengemithi ngehektare nganye, ngexesha apho ukugawulwa kwemithi kwakuxhaphake ngokwenene kwaye ngoku siye safudukela kwimeko apho sine-17, 18, 2000 iziqu nge-acre. Ke into esiyidalileyo, ngokumangalisayo, kwakhona, ukukhusela, uyazi, unobangela wokusingqongileyo, unokuthi kwisikhova, ngoku sifikelele kwimeko apho ezi amahlathi ziye zaba ziibhokisi zebrashi eninzi ezifuna umlilo ukuyisusa. Kodwa ngeli xesha, siye saba nokufudukela kwabantu abaninzi kwezi ndawo, akunjalo? Abantu bafudukile kwaye abantu, uyazi, ukugcwala kwedolophu kubone abantu befudukela kwindawo ebikade yaziwa ngokuba ziindawo ezithanda ukutshiswa ngumlilo wasendle. Sibonile ke iidolophu neelali zisithi gqi kwiindawo ebezikade zibonakala ngathi, awufuni kuhlala apha kuba le ndawo ithanda ukutshiswa ngumlilo. Ngoku sinabantu abahlala apho kule ndawo abanebrashi eshinyeneyo, kolu luntu olubona umlilo njengento eyingozi ngokwemvelo.

Ngoko ke onke la maqela, uyazi, nokuba ngumlilo weCal, nokuba yi-USDA yeNkonzo yeHlathi, nokuba ngaba ngoomasipala basekhaya, bakwindlela edibeneyo kunye nokudibanisa izindlu ezifikelelekayo Ingxaki, abantu abahlala kwiindawo ezithandwa ngumlilo wasendle, ihlathi elithetha ukuba, uyazi, kwi-, uyazi, kumda wesihlalo salo, malunga nokugqabhuka ngamadangatye, kunye nengxaki ekhulayo yokutshintsha kwemozulu kunye nokunyuka kwayo rhoqo, amaxesha omileyo ehlotyeni.

Indlela iBurnbot eza ngayo kweli bali kukuba isoloko ibonwa njengeyona ndlela yodwa yokuphuma kule ngxaki kukwenza ulawulo lwezityalo olulawulwa ngakumbi. Kwaye enye yeendlela ezilungileyo zokwenza oku kukufunda kubantu bomthonyama kwaye wenze into ebizwa ngokuba kukutshiswa okumiselweyo. Ukutshiswa okumiselweyo luhlobo, hayi uhlobo. Ngumlilo olawulwayo. Kwaye eyona nto uyenzayo kukutshisa kwindawo ethile. Kodwa ukuze wenze oko ngokukhuselekileyo, kufuneka usebenzise le migca enqamlekileyo, le migca yokutshisa, ukuba uyathanda, ukuze ungaphumi umlilo. Njengoko sibonile kwiindawo ezininzi, eyona mililo yasendle iyingozi kakhulu eye yasinda ekutshiseni okumiselweyo. Ngoko ngumsebenzi oyingozi kakhulu. Ingxaki yokutshisa okumiselweyo kukuba unokuyenza ngamaxesha athile ngonyaka. Awufuni ukwenza oku phakathi kwehlobo kuba umngcipheko wokuphunyuka mkhulu kakhulu. Kodwa ukuba uyenza kwangethuba okanye emva kwexesha kakhulu, umhlaba umanzi kakhulu kwaye awuyi kutshisa ngokufanelekileyo. Yintoni eyenziwa yi-bot bot bubuchwephesha obuvela eSilicon Valley, bukhuthazwe kakhulu bubulumko bemveli, kodwa ngale twist yanamhlanje. Ngokusisiseko le yokwenziwa, kukubhadla okungeyonyani irobhothi ene-powered, le masticator etya izityalo kwaye kwangaxeshanye iyayitshisa, kodwa kule ndawo ilawulwa kakhulu, ukuze ingakhuphi nawuphi na umsi. Yaye oku kuye kwabaluleke ngokwenene kuba, ngenxa yokuba kuye kwakho imililo yasendle emininzi eyahlukahlukeneyo, kwanevumba lomsi linokubangela abantu boyike, yaye kuyaqondakala ukuba kunjalo. Kwaye le bot yokutshisa inendlela yokwenza oku kutshiswa okumiselweyo ngamaxesha amaninzi enyakeni. Ke ixesha lokutshisa elimiselweyo likhulu kakhulu kwisikali kuba awukudingi konke oku kutshiswa okumiselweyo. Abasebenzi abatshisiweyo sisakhono esikhethekileyo. Baninzi kuphela, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo ulinganiselwe malunga nezixhobo ezininzi kunye nabasebenzi onawo ngosuku. Ke yindlela yokwenza oku kutshiswa okumiselweyo ngokukhuselekileyo kwisikali kwaye ngendlela apho wena, apho ufika kakhulu, kufutshane kakhulu nabantu. izindlu kunye neengingqi. Kwaye oko kubaluleke kakhulu kuba kulapho ezi ntambo zokutsha kufuneka zenziwe ukuze, hayi ukuba, kodwa xa kungene umlilo wasendle, ezo zindlu ziya kukhuselwa. Kwaye ukuba i-bot etshisiweyo inceda ngendlela encinci kwaye ngethemba lokuba indima enkulu kakhulu kwiminyaka ezayo, inceda ukusombulula ubuncinci indawo enye yentlekele yomlilo wasendle esiyibonayo eCalifornia nakwimimandla eyingqongileyo nakwezinye iindawo emhlabeni, Ostreliya kunye neendawo zaseYurophu.

[00:32:51] UJackie De Burca: Kuyamangalisa kakhulu ukuva uyichaza. Ngokucacileyo ndiyifundile kwincwadi, kodwa ukukuva uyichaza kwaye ucinge ngenyani yokuba lo ngumzekelo omangalisayo wendlela. ulwazi lwemveli Ngaba ukutshata ngeteknoloji, akunjalo?

[00:33:09] UNadina Galle: Injalo ngokwenene. Kwaye kunjalo. Eyona nto ndiyithanda kakhulu ngayo kukuba kukwanqwala kwindlela ebesisoloko silawula ngayo umhlaba, kodwa sinikezela ngendlela yokwenza oko ngo-2024, kwaye ndicinga ukuba yinto yokuba izazi ngendalo, i-ecologists yasezidolophini, zihlala ziphosakele, kukuba thina. sinokubuyela emva kwindlela izinto ezazifudula ziyiyo, ukuze sibuyele kwiindlela esasizisebenzisa, esasikade sizisebenzisa, nezasebenza kakuhle ngelo xesha. Kodwa inyaniso kukuba izinto zitshintshile. Abantu bahlala kwiindawo ababekade bengasathethi kuzo. Kukho, kukho. Kwaye ayingobantu nje, akunjalo? Yinto, yipropati. Zezinye iintlobo zotyalo-mali ezenziweyo. Kufuneka sicinge iindlela zale mihla kwaye sicinge oku ngendlela yale mihla. Kwaye ndiyakholelwa, njengoko usitsho, uJack Burnbot ungumzekelo wolo hlobo lwesisombululo.

[00:34:02] UJackie De Burca: Ngokuqinisekileyo, ngokupheleleyo. Ngoku, esinye isixhobo esikwabalulekile ukuba usikhankanye yi-Overstory. Ungasixelela ngebali lembali, Nadina?

[00:34:13] Nadina Galle: Ngokuqinisekileyo. I-Overstory inceda ekusombululeni elinye iqhekeza lale phazili yomlilo wasendle, kwaye yinyani yokuba uninzi lwemililo yasendle eyintlekele yaqalwa ngabantu. Kwaye ngokukodwa iingxabano phakathi kwemigca yamandla kunye nebrashi eyomileyo kunye nemithi eyomileyo. Zeziphi iinkampani eziluncedo ezinoxanduva lokucoca into eyaziwa njengelungelo lendlela? Ke indawo, ndiyakholelwa ukuba ifana nendawo yeenyawo ezingama-50 ejikeleze iintambo zombane. Kwaye into abayenzileyo kwixa elidlulileyo banokuthi bathumele abasebenzi ngeenyawo okanye ngeehelikopta ukuze bazame ukujonga iindawo ezisemngciphekweni kakhulu. Ewe, ukuba uyinkampani eluncedo efana nePGNE yePasifiki yeGesi kunye naMandla eCarlifonia, okanye ukuba uyinkampani enkulu eluncedo kwilizwe laseHawaii okanye e-Oregon, unamandla amakhulu, ngathi, asinakuqonda nokuba zingaphi iikhilomitha, iimayile kwangoko ezi nkampani ziluncedo kufuneka zilawule. Ngumsebenzi onzima ngendlela emangalisayo. Ndiyathetha, uqikelelo kukuba, bafikelela kuphela ekuthandeni i-10% yento ekufuneka beyiyo, into ekufuneka beyicocile minyaka le ukunqanda umlilo otshabalalisayo olandelayo. Ezi nkampani ziluncedo zihlala ziqhuba emva kweenyani. Abanakukwazi ukubamba. Into eyenziwe yi-overstory kukuba ithathe ithuba elimangalisayo elinikezelwa yimifanekiso yesathelayithi ephezulu kwaye basebenzisa oko ukujonga ezi ndawo zendlela kwaye hayi kuphela ukuchonga iindawo ezifuna ukunqunyulwa ngoku, ukwazi ukuba uthumela phi na abasebenzi, abasebenzi abasikayo ngoku, baye baphuhlisa iimodeli zokwenyani ukukhula kwezo ntlobo zemithi zikhula kufutshane nezo ndawo kwaye zicetywe kwangaphambili ukuba ziya kusikwa nini. Kwaye ngaphezu koko, baye benza uhlalutyo olubonisa ukuba ayilulo lonke uhlobo lwezityalo okanye umthi okanye ibrashi eyomileyo ejikeleze ilungelo lendlela ekufuneka igawulwe. Kukho iindidi zemithi ezaziwa ngokukwazi ukumelana nomlilo. Le yimithi eneneni oyifunayo kufutshane nelungelo lakho lendlela. Ke baye bakwazi ukuchonga, kwakhona besebenzisa umfanekiso wesathelayithi ophezulu kakhulu, apho ezo ntlobo, iintlobo zemithi zikhona kunye nokwazi, kulungile, yindawo ekungafunekiyo ukuba siyibeke phambili. Kwaye ngale ndlela, ukukwazi ukusebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo nangokufanelekileyo kwakhona, izixhobo zabo ezinqongopheleyo zokuthumela abasebenzi babo kwezona ndawo zinempembelelo ephezulu. Kwaye ndicinga ukuba lolo mbono luhlobo lwendlela yokucokisa kuzo zonke ezi Intanethi yetekhnoloji yendalo oza kuyibona encwadini, ngakumbi xa iphuma kulawulo, ingaba singabusebenzisa njani obu bugcisa ukuze sizuze? Ukuqinisekisa ukuba abasebenzi esinabo bathunyelwa kwiindawo esifuna kakhulu kuzo.

[00:37:16] UJackie De Burca: Ngokuqinisekileyo. Ngoku, okokugqibela kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo okungancinci, uNadina, into yomlilo ngumsebenzi wokubukela nguJohn Mills. Ngaba ungaphinda uthethe ngesi sixhobo?

[00:37:25] Nadina Galle: Ewe. Ke umsebenzi wokubukela unenyani, uyazi, sigxile kakhulu kwezinye zezixhobo zolawulo ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe. Umsebenzi wokubukela ukwisiphelo sabathengi bezinto, abantu kwicala lezinto, abantu abasentliziyweni yale ngxaki yomlilo wasendle, uninzi lwabo khange bakwazi ukulala ubusuku bonke okoko kwenzeke umlilo wasendle. Uyazi, eyona nto incinci yomsi okanye incinci, uyazi, kwanesandi sento abanokuthi bacinge ngayo ngokubetha kwenqwelomoya ye-hui eza nedangatye elinqanda amadangatye, ezo ntlobo zezinto. Ndithetha ukuba, sithetha ngabasindi bengxaki yonxunguphalo lwasemva kokwenzakala. Ndithetha ukuthi, aba bantu baye badlula esihogweni nasemva. Ukuba abazange batshiswe impahla yabo, mhlawumbi baphulukene nomntu abamthandayo, mhlawumbi baye bacinga ngokufuduka izihlandlo ezininzi bayokwakha kwakhona kwenye indawo. Abanye abantu baye baba ngamaxhoba emililo yasendle eliqela ngokulandelelana. Njengokuba kunjalo, baye bangenamakhaya ngenxa yoko. Ngokungathi, lo ngumbandela, uyazi, umlilo ongenamida ngengqiqo yokuba, ukuba usisityebi okanye ulihlwempu, indlu yakho isengozini yokutshiswa. Aba bantu baye ngokwenene esihogweni kwaye emva. Yintoni i-Watch Duty eyenziwe yiyo. Ngokwenyani lusetyenziso. Yeyazimahla. Nabani na angayikhuphela kwaye ikunika ixesha lokwenyani, ulwazi oluhlaziyiweyo lwemililo yasendle kwaye okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ukutshisa okumiselweyo, imililo elawulwayo eyenzekayo kwindawo yakho ukufundisa uluntu ukuze bazi ukuba kuqhubeka ntoni, ukuze bakwazi ukwenza. izigqibo kunye nokukhetha.

Urhulumente, ewe, ukwabonelela ngohlaziyo malunga nokuba kuqhubeka ntoni. Kodwa olu hlaziyo, ungatsho ngokwezopolitiko ezichanekileyo, zihluzwe oko bacinga ukuba uluntu kufuneka lukwazi. Kwaye ke, bakwenza oku phantsi kwesiqinisekiso sokhuseleko loluntu. Kodwa uJohn Mills, umseki weWatch Duty, uyibona ngakumbi njengendlela yokulawula abantu. Kwaye loo nto ibonwa njengokuba, njengokuba umntu omnye endithethe naye kule ncwadi eyichaza njengoko yayinjalo, yayingumfazi omdala, umakhulu, owayesinde kwimililo yasendle eyahlukeneyo eyahlukeneyo. Kwaye uthi i-Watch Duty kunye nolo lwazi kuye, wathi, ndingakhetha ukwazi okuninzi kunokuba ndincinci kwaye ndikwazi, uyazi, ndingathanda ukwazi okuninzi ndedwa kwaye ndenze izigqibo ezisekelwe ukuba, ke kakhulu ngaphantsi kurhulumente kwaye kufuneka Wonder yintoni na ulwazi ukuba musa ukundixelela? Kwaye uJohn Mills wazibonela ngokwakhe oku xa yena nendlu yakhe baphantse basinda kwimililo yamadlelo emibini elandelelanayo, kwaye akukho namnye kubo owafumana isilumkiso esisemthethweni. Yiloo nto kanye eyamkhuthaza ukuba enze oku. Ndiyathetha, wayengusomashishini osele esidla umhlala phantsi eSilicon Valley. Wayeneminyaka engama-40 kuphela. Wayenokuthi ahambe kwaye ayonwabele ubomi bakhe obudla umhlala phantsi eSonoma Valley, kodwa endaweni yoko, uye waphoswa emva kwihlabathi lokuqalisa, ukuphuhlisa umsebenzi wokubukela, kuba ukholelwa ukuba abantu bafanele babe nelungelo kunye nokufikelela kolu lwazi ukuze ukuba bazenzele ezabo izigqibo. Kwaye kubantu abebekwinqanaba lokungafuni ukwakha kwakhona, kubanike ithemba lokuhlala eCarlifonia, kwaye bayakhawuleza ukuya kwamanye amazwe nakwiindawo ezingqongileyo kunye nokubonelela ngendlela yokwenza izigqibo bona ngokwabo. yenziwe. Kwaye, ewe, njengoko unokucinga, urhulumente kunye neCal Fire azikhange zichukumiseke ngakumbi lusetyenziso lukaJohn. Kwaye uzamile ukusebenza norhulumente amaxesha amaninzi, kwaye baye benza njalo. Ezo zicelo ziye zakhatywa ngokuphindaphindiweyo, nto leyo eyamdanisa uYohane, ewe. Kodwa usamile kwinto ayenzileyo kuba ubonile nomonakalo ekwazile ukuwunqanda kunye nokukhutshwa kwabantu ethe yaqalisa ukusebenza phambi kokuba kufike izilumkiso ezisemthethweni. Kwaye ekugqibeleni yiloo nto ayenzela yona.

[00:41:24] UJackie De Burca: Umsebenzi omangalisayo, omangalisayo. Nadina. Ukuphuma emlilweni kwaye ungene kwindawo yamanzi, kukho ikhonkco elisondeleyo ebendingalazi kwaphela phakathi kobushushu, imililo yasendle, kunye nezikhukula ekusafuneka zaziwa ngokuqhelekileyo. Kwaye kwilizwe lakho lokuzalwa, eNetherlands, mninzi umsebenzi owenziweyo kule ndawo. Ungathetha nathi ngaloo nto?

[00:41:47] Nadina Galle: Ewe.

Lunxulumano oluphambeneyo phakathi kwale nto besiyichaza ngaphambili. Xa womile kakhulu, iimeko ezishushu, ngokuqinisekileyo, umhlaba wakho uyoma ngaloo nto, kwaye kulula ukuvutha. Kulula ukuba nomlilo wasendle. Kwaye xa kusenzeka umlilo wasendle, umhlaba uye wome kangangokuba ube yi-hydrophobic, nto leyo ethetha ukuba amanzi awela kuwo, adla ngokungenwa nzulu emhlabeni, ngokwenene amanzi ahamba kanye ukusuka kwezi ndawo. Ngoko ke nokuba uneendawo ezininzi zendalo ezinomhlaba omninzi ovulekileyo, ezo ngokwenene azikuthinteli kumonakalo omkhulu wezikhukula ebezinokuthi ziwenze.

Umba womlilo wasendle awungombango omncinci eNetherlands, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo oku kube ngumcimbi kwezinye iindawo zehlabathi. Kodwa into eyaziyo iNetherlands yinto yokuba isiqingatha selizwe siphantsi kolwandle kwaye sihlala sikhona. Ndiyathetha, oko kungenxa yokuba iNetherlands ibizwa ngokuba yiNetherlands, kuba bebehlala bengaphantsi kolwandle. Kwaye kuye kwafuneka, ukusukela kusuku lokuqala, baqonde ngenene ukuba bajongana njani namanzi abo. Ibe kambe ke, eyona mpembelelo inkulu yaloo mbali yaba zizikhukula ezitshabalalisayo ngowe-1953, ezathatha ubomi babantu abamalunga ne-1800 eNetherlands. Ndicinga ukuba kuseyona ntlekele ibulala kakhulu e-UK nakwimbali yaseDatshi kuze kube namhlanje kwimbali yethu. Kwaye eyona nto yayiyeyona nto yakwenza ukuba kwakhiwe into ebizwa ngokuba yiAmerican Civil Engineer Society yenye yesixhenxe Zobunjineli imimangaliso yehlabathi, eyinkqubo yolawulo lwamanzi yaseDatshi, oluluthotho lweedikhi kunye namadama, zonke zinendima yobuchwepheshe kubo, nokuba ngaba zizivamvo ezixela xa kukho ukuqhawuka kwamadama okanye kukho amanzi aphuphumayo kwindawo ethile, okanye kukho umonakalo kuyo nayiphi na idike efuna ukulungiswa. Uyazi, uninzi lwale nto yenzeka phantsi kwamanzi, ngoko ziye zaba zizixhobo eziluncedo kakhulu. Kodwa ndicinga ukuba enye yezona ndawo zinomdla malunga nento eyenziwa ngamaDatshi ngolawulo lwawo lwamanzi kukuqaphela ukuba enye yezinto ezilungileyo ongayenza kukubonelela ngegumbi. Kwaye enye yeenkqubo zabo ebizwa ngokuba yiGumbi lomlambo ngokwenene yasindisa ubomi abaninzi ngoJulayi ka-2021, xa iYurophu, ikakhulu iNetherlands, iBelgium kunye Jemani , wabona iitoni, iitoni kunye neetoni zemvula ngexesha elifutshane kakhulu. Kwaye le nkqubo i-Netherlands yayisandul 'ukuvuthuza iminyaka eliqela ngaphambi kokuba le ngcamango yokuba uninzi lwemilambo emikhulu ehlala eNetherlands, ibanika indawo, ibanika i-buffers, enika ezi ndawo ezintle zendalo ukuze abantu baxhamle ngeentsuku zelanga kwaye babonelele indawo yokuba babe yindawo yokugcina amanzi ngexesha lamanzi agqithisileyo, agqithiseleyo. Kwaye lolo hlobo lolunye lwezifundo ezininzi kwesi sahluko sokhukula kukuba enye yezona zinto zibalaseleyo esinokuthi sizenze xa kufikwa kuhlaselo lwezikhukhula kwizixeko zethu kukudala la madama endalo apho amanzi anekhaya ngamaxesha awafuna ngawo kwaye xa engayifuni, sinale ndawo intle yongezelelekileyo yoluntu esinokuyisebenzisela ukonwaba kwethu.

[00:45:11] UJackie De Burca: Hayi indlela emangalisa ngayo, imangalisa kwaye ilumke kangakanani. Akunjalo? E-eu kukho kwakhona isixeko samanzi sedijithali. Nadina, yintoni le?

[00:45:20] UNadina Galle: Ewe, ke lo ngumntu waseYurophu oxhasiweyo, Komishoni yaseYurophu iprojekthi exhaswayo ezame ngokwenene ukuthatha izifundo ezininzi, ezininzi zazo zivela eNetherlands, kodwa kwezinye iindawo zaseYurophu, apho zizama ukuseka ukuba zeziphi iteknoloji ezisebenza kakuhle ekuqondeni apho amanzi ahamba khona kwaye ngaliphi ixesha. Ke ezi zinto zinokufana nezivamvo zokuqukuqela, umgangatho wamanzi, ngokusisiseko ukunika okuninzi okufana nendlela i-lidar eyenza ngayo oko kuluhlu lwakho lomthi, ngokusisiseko unothungelwano lwezinzwa ezibonelela ngohlobo olufanayo lolwazi malunga nendlela amanzi ahamba ngayo esixekweni kwaye nini. Kwaye oku kubaluleke kakhulu kuba thina, kwakhona, amaxesha amaninzi xa ndiziva ngathi, nokuba yimithi okanye ubushushu obugqithisileyo okanye amanzi okanye i-biodiversity yethu, uninzi lwale miba esijongene nayo ezixekweni ndihlala ndiziva ngathi sisebenza ebumnyameni, kulungile. Abantu benza ezi, uyazi, ukwenza olu ngenelelo. Kulungile, sityala imithi, siza kudala indawo yokugcina amanzi, siza kuyenza le nto. Kodwa kufana, sazi njani ukuba ezo zixhobo zisetyenziswa kakuhle kuloo ndawo? Kuba kufuneka silumke ngokwenene kwaye sibe nolwazelelelo malunga nalapho silwenza khona olu ngenelelo. Kunene. Kuba sifuna imali kubo kwaye kufuneka siqinisekise ukuba sinokungqina ukuba basebenza kubathathi-nxaxheba kunye nakubatyalo-mali, kodwa nakubemi abahlala kufutshane nabo. Kwaye i-Digital Water City yiprojekthi yophando ezama ukwenza isigqibo, okanye izama ukubonisa ngokwenene ukuba zeziphi iteknoloji kwaye zeziphi izinzwa apho iindawo zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo ukuze uzame kwaye ube nombono wexesha lokwenyani, ukuba uyathanda, ideshbhodi yexesha lokwenyani lendlela amanzi ahamba ngayo kwisixeko kunye neendlela ezifanelekileyo esinokuzilawula ngayo.

[00:47:04] Jackie De Burca: Fantastic. Ke ndikuthiyile ukusebenzisa le pun, kodwa qhubeka ubuyela umva phezu kwechibi, kukho umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu okhokelwa ngumfana we-Chicago urban planner ogama linguDavid Leopold. Ungabelana ngale nto nabaphulaphuli?

[00:47:21] UNadina Galle: Ewe, bendithetha ngale nto ngaphambili. Le ngcamango yokuba utyalo-mali esilwenzileyo, esilwenzayo, kufuneka siqiniseke ukuba luyasebenza. Kwaye uDavid Leopold wafumana i-US $ 50 yezigidi ukwenza iChicago ibe sisiponji isixeko, ikwazi ukumelana neziphumo zamanzi agqithisileyo kunye nemvula egqithisileyo. Kwaye endaweni yokuchitha yonke le mali kwiindawo zokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka, apho le mali ihamba khona ngokwesiko, uDavid wagqiba ekubeni achithe le mali kwiiprojekthi ezahlukeneyo zeziseko eziluhlaza. Ke ezi inokuba zizinto ezifana namachibi okuhambisa amanzi, ezi inokuba zizinto ezifana neendawo zokugcina amanzi, ezi inokuba zizinto ezifana ne-bioswales kunye neegadi ezincinci zemvula ecaleni kwezitrato, ngokusisiseko zidala isithinteli sendalo esingaphezulu, ngokusisiseko ukudala indawo kunye neendawo zokuba amanzi ahambe ngamaxesha amanzi agqithisileyo, kodwa ukwenza oku konke nge-twist encinci yetekhnoloji. Ke ngoko ukongeza izinzwa ukubonisa indlela ezi zithuba zisetyenziswa kakuhle ngayo ukuze abonakalise ukuba imali ebityalwa eneneni ineempembelelo ngokubhekiselele kubungakanani bamanzi ekwazileyo ukuphambukisa kude nenkqubo yogutyulo ngoMzekelo, kuba into enye. ukuba izixeko zijongana nazo kwihlabathi liphela xa izixeko zinenkqubo edibeneyo yogutyulo, yinto ebizwa ngokuba ngumjelo odityanisiweyo ophuphumayo. Ngokusisiseko, xa kukho amanzi amaninzi emvula ngaxeshanye, onke la manzi emvula angaphezulu angena kwinkqubo yogutyulo, ebangela ukuphuphuma komjelo wamanzi amdaka adityanisiweyo, olona hlobo kanye lwendalo, into embi evakala ngathi, esisisoyikiso esinzulu kuthi. umgangatho wamanzi, ngenxa yokuba unelindle elikrwada emva koko lixutywe namanzi athi ngenye indlela asasazwe abuyele kwindawo yendalo. Ke, uyazi, sibona oku kumanzi ajikeleze izixeko ezinje ngeChicago, ekwichibi elijikeleze iNew York, oko kukuthi, ngokucacileyo linemilambo nolwandle apho. Uyazi, sibona ngenene, imiba yomgangatho wamanzi embi kakhulu kuba amanzi emvula, amanzi esiphango akukho ndawo anokuya kuyo. Kwaye kwihlabathi apho sibona rhoqo kwaye izivunguvungu ezikhohlakeleyo, kufuneka sifumane isiphatho kule nto. Kwaye uDavid Leopold akazange asebenzise iziseko eziluhlaza kuphela, kodwa usebenzisa le nethiwekhi yesivamvo ukubonisa ngokwenene ukuba yeyiphi iziseko eziluhlaza zisebenza kakhulu, ukwenzela ukuba angakwazi ukubonisa nje ukuba izigidi ze-50 ziye kwisizathu esihle ngokwenene, kodwa ngethemba lokuba unokuvula iindlela. kwezinye izigidi ezingama-50.

[00:49:48] UJackie De Burca: Ugqwesile. Ngoku sihamba, sise-States, sisengaphaya kwechibi eBrooklyn Botanic Gardens. Adrian Benepe, andiqinisekanga ukuba yindlela echanekileyo yokuyibiza, kodwa wayeyintshatsheli ye-10 yokuhamba ngomzuzu. Uphuhlise into entle kakhulu, Nadine, akunjalo?

[00:50:08] Nadina Galle: Ewe. Ke u-Adrian Benepe, njengoko esitsho, ngoku unguMongameli kunye ne-CEO yeBrooklyn Botanic Gardens. Kwaye ebehamba phambili ekudaleni into ebizwa ngokuba yiSmart Water Garden, eyongezelelekileyo kuyo, kwiiGadi zeBotanic. Yimpembelelo yaseJapan. Inezi ntlobo zintle, ezintle kuwo wonke lo mzimba wamanzi.

Kodwa into abantu abangayaziyo njengoko bejikeleza kwaye besonwabela ukuva izandi ze-Botanic Garden yaseBrooklyn, kukuba loo ndawo ibaluleke kakhulu impilo kunye nokhuseleko yegadi, kodwa nakubantu abayonwabelayo kunye nabahlali abajikelezileyo ngokunjalo. Ngokusisiseko indlela esebenza ngayo kukuba ihlalutya ngokuqhubekayo idatha yemozulu kwi-intanethi kwaye inazo izinzwa echibini ngokwalo. Kwaye xa ibona kuqikelelo lokuba imvula iyeza, iya kuthi ithintele ukukhulula amanzi echibini ukuya kwimiyezo eya kusetyenziselwa ukunkcenkceshela iigadi. Okanye ukuba itanki sele igcwele, iya kuyikhulula ngokuthintela kwinkqubo yogutyulo. Ke iya kuwakhupha loo manzi ukuze kubekho indawo eninzi ngakumbi kwelo dama lemvula eyongezelelekileyo elindelekileyo kuqikelelo. Ke oku kuyaphambana kuba ewe kukho, uyazi, ukugqithiswa kwezandla okunokwenziwa, kodwa ngokusisiseko ulikamva legadi kunye nenyani yokuba, ukuba uyazi, iyakukhukula okanye ayizukukhukula isezandleni zale algorithm. Kwaye masithi nje u-Adrian, njengoko uya kufunda encwadini, uhleli emphethweni wesihlalo sakhe izihlandlo ezininzi ebambe amazinyo akhe, ingaba oko okanye akuzukukhulula amanzi. Kwaye ngalo lonke ixesha uye ngokupheleleyo, uyazi, stupefied ukubona ukuba algorithm wenze isigqibo esifanelekileyo, naxa phantse wayefuna ukwenza i-manual override kunye nokukhulula amanzi.

Yinto entle engakholelekiyo. Kwaye into endiyithanda kakhulu ngesi sisombululo kukuba siphindaphindeka kukuba, uyazi, khawufane ucinge ukuba besiza kuba nento, inguqulelo encinci yale ekupheleni kwezitrato zonke, kanye, kwindawo esezantsi kakhulu. isitalato. Kuthekani ukuba sikwazile ukwenza into enje, Into ethi, ewe, yindawo yokugcina amanzi, ngaba eli dama likhulu xa silifuna, kodwa lilo, lidala le ndawo intle yendalo esinokuthi siyisebenzise. zonke iintsuku ezingenamvula.

[00:52:33] UJackie De Burca: Ewe, iya kuba mnandi ngokupheleleyo. Ngoku sigqibezela esi siqendu sithile. Kukho uthungelwano lwendalo esekwe emiseleni emva eSingapore. Isikhululo seenqwelomoya saseShanghai. Shanghai Airport, uxolo. Nto leyo ekuqaleni ayizange ikwenze oko besinethemba, kodwa ke ngenxa yento ethile, i-tweak ukuba uyathanda, oko kwenziwa kamva. Ngoku ibizwa ngokuba yiGoogle Drains. Kwaye yintoni kanye kanye le kwaye isebenza njani?

[00:53:03] UNadina Galle: Ewe, njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, iSingapore iqhelene neemonsoon kunye nezaqhwithi zetropikhi ezikhokelela kwizikhukula ezininzi. Ngumcimbi omkhulu edolophini. Elinye lawona manqaku afundwa kakhulu kukuba, ndithetha ngale nto kwincwadi. Ngaba eli nqaku lifana neendawo ezilikhulu kukugcina iinyawo zakho zomile ngamaxesha emvula yaseSingapore. Uyazi, kunjalo, ngumba othi, uyazi, xa imvula ibikezelwa, abantu sele beyazi, bathatha izinto zabo zexabiso kwaye babeke phezu kweekhabhathi ngenxa yokuba baqhelene nezikhukhula apho.

Ndeva ngonjingalwazi owayengengowaseSingapore, wayengumntu wasemzini apho, kodwa eneneni walala nekayak kwigumbi lakhe lokulala ngenxa yokuba wayesoyika ukukhukula. Ke oku kukuzoba nje umbono wokuba izikhukula ziyinxalenye yenkcubeko yaseSingapore. Kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo asiyonto bayifunayo, abafuni ukuba bathathe la manyathelo. Kodwa isikhululo seenqwelomoya sikwenye yezona ndawo zisezantsi kakhulu eSingapore kwaye ikwathandeka kakhulu kwizikhukula. Ngoko banayo yonke le nkqubo yemisele kunye namadama amisiweyo ukuze amanzi abe neendawo zokuhamba. Kodwa yonke loo nto yayisenziwa ngesandla. Kwaye ngokusisiseko, njengoko ubusitsho ngaphambili, uJackie, ayilunganga amatyeli amaninzi ngenxa yokuba. Ngenxa yokuba abantu abafumani saziso sifanelekileyo sokuba kukho into eyenzekayo, loo mvula iyeza okanye uyazi, ukuba ingakanani na. Kwaye abanalo ixesha elifanelekileyo ukuze bakwazi ukuvula ngesandla zonke ezi nkqubo imisele. Ke inani leminyaka ebuyileyo, bayifaka kwidijithali yonke le ecosystem kwaye ngoku, njengoko usitsho, bayibiza ngokuba yiGoogle Drains, kuba ngoku, uyazi, banalo eli gumbi kwaye banayo yonke ideshibhodi esetwe nazo zonke izinzwa ezahlukeneyo kunye nazo zonke iindlela ezahlukeneyo amanzi ahamba ngayo. Bayimodeli, baye balinganisa yonke into.

Kwaye ukusukela ngoko, isikhululo seenqwelomoya saseChangi eSingapore khange sijongane nesinye isikhukhula.

Ngoko ibe yinkqubo eluncedo ngendlela emangalisayo. Kwaye ndicinga ukuba into endiyithanda kakhulu malunga nesahluko sesikhukula kukuba sibonisa kakuhle ukuba lo mtshato weziseko eziluhlaza kunye netekhnoloji inobungqina bokuba yindibaniselwano enenzuzo yokuphumelela xa kufikwa ekuhlaseleni ingxaki yezikhukula kwizixeko kwihlabathi liphela. .

[00:55:09] UJackie De Burca: Ewe, linqaku elimangalisayo elo lokuphelisa esi siqendu sithile sikaNadine. Ibe yinto emangalisayo.

Ngokucacileyo siza kuphinda sincokole kakhulu, kwakamsinyane kwisiqendu sesithathu kolu ngcelele oluya kuba malunga nezixhobo kunye nobuchule bolawulo olungcono lwendalo yasezidolophini kunye nokubeka iliso. Enkosi kakhulu, Nadina.

[00:55:30] Nadina Galle: Enkosi, Jackie.

[00:55:32] UJackie De Burca: La ngamazwi akhayo.