Ukwakha Kabutsha Phantsi Koxinzelelo: Ukusuka Kwiingcinga Ukuya Ekuphunyezweni Kokwakhiwa Kabutsha Kwe-Ukraine

I-S3RoU (Ukwakhiwa ngokutsha okuKhuselekileyo, okuKhawulezayo, nokuZinzileyo kwe-Ukraine) yintsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe exhaswa yi-UK FCDO edibanisa abaphandi, iingcali kunye namaqabane oshishino avela e-Ukraine, i UK naseNetherlands. 

Ukufikelela ekupheleni 2025, sikhuphe uthotho olunzulu podcast sigigaba, "Ukwakha kwakhona i-Ukraine ngokukhuselekileyo, ngokuzinzileyo nangokukhawuleza"Apho sihlolisise umbuzo ophambili: ingaba ukwakhiwa ngokutsha ngokupheleleyo kubonakala njani xa kusenziwa? 

Ungabukela i-podcast engezantsi okanye kwi-app ye-podcast oyithandayo.

NgoMatshi, le mibuzo yadluliselwa phambili kwingqungquthela ye-S3RoU, eyayibanjwe nge-19-20 kaMatshi eSheffield naseLviv.

Ukudibanisa abaphandi abavela kwiimvelaphi ezahlukeneyo, iingcali kunye nabachaphazelekayo kulo lonke ilizwe lase-Ukraine elichachayo kunye nelibanzi indawo eyakhelweyo kwicandelo, ingqungquthela inike ithuba lokuvavanya ezi ngcinga ngeemeko zehlabathi lokwenyani.

Kwiiveki ezilandela ingqungquthela, ezi ngcinga zihlala zibalulekile kakhulu. Yukreyini ziye zaqinisa indlela ukwakhiwa kwakhona okwenzeka ngayo kunye nokuphazamiseka okuqhubekayo, okuchaphazela kungekuphela nje ukubaluleka iziseko kodwa kwaneendawo ezibalulekileyo ngokwenkcubeko. Olu tshintsho luqhubekayo lubonisa imfuneko yeendlela ezingapheleli nje ekubeni zilungile kwezobuchwepheshe kodwa nezikwaziyo ukuziqhelanisa neemeko ezitshintsha ngokukhawuleza.

I-S3RoU inkomfa ka-2026

“Kubalulekile kungekuphela nje ukuqhubeka nophando, kodwa nokugxila ekuphuhliseni imigangatho kunye nokuphumeza iiprojekthi zovavanyo kunye nemiboniso. I-Ukraine ijongene nemingeni emininzi, kwaye kungovavanyo olusebenzayo apho sinokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwezi zisombululo.” – Oleksii Hunyak (Lviv Polytechnic National University)

Iprojekthi ye-S3RoU inika indlela enye yokujongana nalo mceli mngeni ngokwendalo, igxile kakhulu ekusetyenzisweni kwakhona kwekhonkrithi ephuma kwinkunkuma ebangelwe yimfazwe, ngenjongo yokuyiguqula ibe yinto esebenzisekayo. ukwakhiwa Le ayisiyonkqubo ilula yokuphinda isetyenziswe.

Izixhobo kufuneka zihlolwe, kuquka ukuvavanywa kwezinto ezingcolisayo ezifana ne-asbestos, ngaphambi kokuba ziqhekeke, zichazwe kwaye zihlolwe ukuba zingasetyenziswa kwakhona kwisakhiwo esitsha. Ngokwenza njalo, ukwakhiwa kwakhona kukwabonelela ngethuba lokujongana nemiba yokhuseleko ekhoyo yexesha elide, kuquka nokususwa kwezinto ezinobungozi.

Iqela leprojekthi yase-Ukraine kwindawo yenkomfa

Ukongeza kwimingeni yokucubungula izinto kunye nokhuseleko, ubungakanani bomonakalo buchaza ubungakanani bomsebenzi. Ngaphezulu kweebhiliyoni zeetoni zokwakha kunye inkunkuma yokudiliza kuqikelelwa ukuba zenziwe e-Ukraine ngenxa yokuhlaselwa ngokupheleleyo, nto leyo egxininisa ubukhulu bale ngxaki kunye nobungakanani bokutshatyalaliswa kwayo kunye nesidingo sokwakhiwa kwakhona.

Ukulawula, ukucubungula kunye nokusebenzisa kwakhona ezi zinto kubalulekile ekwakheni kwakhona, kungekuphela nje kwimeko yemfazwe e-Ukraine, kodwa nakwezinye iindawo ezibangelwa yingxabano kunye nentlekele. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu xa kujongwa imida yokusingqongileyo kunye nezinto ezisetyenziswayo ezinxulumene nokwakhiwa kwesiqhelo, apho ukuveliswa kwesamente kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwikhabhoni kwaye kuxhomekeke ekufumanekeni kwezixhobo.

Iingxoxo ngoMatshi zikwacacisile ukuba ukwakhiwa kwakhona akunakuqondwa ngezinto zodwa.

Baye bachitha ixesha elide ulwakhiwo oluzinzileyo, ukuvuselelwa kweziseko zophuhliso, ucwangciso lwedolophu kunye nezikhokelo zomthetho, zigxininisa ububanzi bemingeni ebandakanyekayo. Kunye noku, le projekthi ibonise uluhlu lwezinto ezintsha zobugcisa kunye neendlela, ukusuka ekuphuculeni indlela yokuchonga inkunkuma ukuya kwiinkqubo zokubuyisa izinto, ikhomba kungekuphela nje kwizicelo ezikhawulezileyo ngaphakathi e-Ukraine, kodwa nakwiithuba ezibanzi zokwamkelwa kwezinye iindawo ezibangelwa yingxabano, intlekele okanye imida yezixhobo.

Iqela leprojekthi ye-S3RoU e-UK eSheffield

Endaweni yokuzijonga ezi njengemingeni eyahlukileyo, kwavela umyalezo ocacileyo: ukwakhiwa ngokutsha kufuna indlela ecwangcisiweyo, apho ezintsha kuhambelana notshintsho kwindlela ulwakhiwo olucwangciswa, olunikezelwa ngayo nolulawulwa ngayo. Ngale ndlela, ukwakha kwakhona kudala utshintsho kwindlela yokwakha apho injongo ingekuko nje ukutshintshwa kwezinto ezilahlekileyo, kodwa kunokucinga kwakhona ngendlela ulwakhiwo olwakhiwe ngayo indawo imisebenzi. Kodwa olu tshintsho lwenzeka phantsi kwemida, ngokukodwa kwimeko yengxabano, izixhobo ziyanqongophala, imixokelelwane yokubonelela iyaphazamiseka, kwaye amaxesha ayancitshiswa, okudala uxinzelelo olukhulu phakathi kwexesha elide. nokuzinza kunye nemfuneko ekhawulezileyo.

Elinye icala elibalulekileyo lokwakhiwa kwakhona liphathelele oko kwakhiwa kwakhona kunye nesizathu soko. Oku kuye kwajoliswa ngakumbi kukonakala okuqhubekayo kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo ngokwenkcubeko.

Umzekelo, uhlaselo lwe-drone yaseRashiya kwiziko lembali laseLviv ngomhla wama-24 kuMatshi, lonakalise uninzi lwazo. izakhiwo, kuquka i I-monastery yenkulungwane ye-17 ekhuselwe yi-UNESCOIziganeko ezinjalo zibonisa ukuba ukwakhiwa ngokutsha akupheleli nje ekubuyiseleni iziseko zophuhliso, kodwa kukwamalunga nokugcina inkcubeko elilifa lethu phantsi kweemeko zokuphazamiseka okuqhubekayo.

Abathathi-nxaxheba bakwakhombe nemiqobo yesakhiwo eqhubeka nokunciphisa ukuqaliswa. Njengoko ULeon Black (IYunivesithi yase Leeds) icacisile:

"Kukho imiqobo emininzi ekufezekiseni ukujikeleza, kuquka ukuqhubela phambili uphando, ukuphucula imfundo, kunye nokwazisa imigangatho eguquguqukayo ngakumbi. Imali kunye ne-inshurensi zihlala ziyimiqobo efihlakeleyo, njengoko uninzi lwababhali be-underwriters bengakulungelanga ukuxhasa ulwakhiwo olungekho semgangathweni."

Kule meko, intsebenziswano iba yinto ebalulekileyo, kungekuphela nje ngaphakathi e-Ukraine, kodwa nakwiinethiwekhi zamazwe ngamazwe, kuquka abaphandi kunye neengcali ezinegalelo ezivela kumazwe angaphandle. Njengoko kuboniswe ngu UNataliya Lushnikova (iYunivesithi yeTekhnoloji yase-Eindhoven):

“Asidingi nje kuphela iiprojekthi zovavanyo ezingaphezulu, kodwa sifuna nokusebenzisana okungcono phakathi kwazo kunye nentsebenziswano nabo bonke abachaphazelekayo: urhulumente, uluntu lwasekuhlaleni, amashishini, abatyali-mali. Intsebenziswano endaweni yokukhuphisana iya kusinceda ukuba sisebenzise ngcono ulwazi namava esinawo ukuze ezizinzileyo kunye nokwakhiwa ngokutsha okukhuselekileyo kwe-Ukraine.

Ekugqibeleni, into eyavela eSheffield naseLviv lutshintsho kwindlela eqondwa ngayo ukwakha ngokutsha, inxalenye yokuphuhlisa izixhobo ezintsha kunye neenkqubo ezijikelezayo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba zingasetyenziswa apho zifuneka khona kwaye nini na.

Ukwakha ngokutsha akuyonkqubo ethe tye. Kuqhubeka kunye nokuphazamiseka okuqhubekayo, kufuna iindlela ezinokusebenza phantsi kokungaqiniseki, ukuziqhelanisa neenyani ezitshintshayo, kunye nokulinganisela izinto eziza kuqala kwezobugcisa, ezisebenzayo kunye nezentlalo ngexesha langempela.