IZakhiwo eziPhezulu zaseVancouver kunye nabaQibi bazo

Vancouver yinkokeli yehlabathi kwi luhlaza kunye nokugcineka kokusingqongileyo izakhiwo. Ukuzinikela kwesixeko nokuzinza ibonakala kuluhlu lwayo olwahlukeneyo lwe izakhiwo eco-friendly, ukusuka kumaziko abakhenkethi aqalayo ukuya kumaziko ophando aphambili. Ezi zakhiwo zibonisa ukusetyenziswa kwemithombo ukwakhiwa iindlela, ifuthe kwindalo esingqongileyo izicwangciso zokunciphisa, kunye nokonga iindleko zexesha elide¹.

IVancouver izakhiwo eziluhlaza icandelo libalulekile, njengoko izakhiwo zingowona mthombo wesibini ngobukhulu ukukhutshwa kwegesi kwiMetro Vancouver, ikhupha ngaphezulu kwezigidi ezine zeetoni zeemetric ngonyaka¹. Inkqubo yeSixeko yokuPhendula ngoNgxamiseko lweMozulu, eyamkelwe ngo-Epreli ka-2019, ijolise ekunciphiseni ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni ukusuka kwizakhiwo ezitsha kunye nokwakhiwa kwe-40% ngo-2030 xa kuthelekiswa nesiseko se-2018.

IVancouver inemizekelo emininzi Izakhiwo eziQinisekisiweyo ze-LEED kwaye Ulwakhiwo oluSebenza ngoMbane ezibonisa ukuzibophelela kwesixeko Uyilo oluZinzileyo. Ezi projekthi zobuvulindlela zibonisa amandla oku uyilo eco-friendly ukwandisa ukusebenza kokusingqongileyo kunye nokuphucula intlalo-ntle yabahlali⁷.

I-Vancouver Convention Centre West, umzekelo, sisakhiwo sokuqala sohlobo lwaso ukufumana ukutyunjwa kweplatinam ye-LEED kabini.⁷. Ngokufanayo, ikhampasi yeSuzlon One Earth eIndiya ineplatinam Isatifikethi seLEED, ivelisa i-80% yeemfuno zayo zombane kwisiza kumandla omoya kunye nama-20% ukusuka amandla elanga⁷. Le mizekelo ibalaselisa indlela uyilo oluzinzileyo amaqhinga anokusetyenziswa kumlinganiselo omkhulu ukunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo⁸.

• IVancouver yinkokeli yehlabathi kwi ezizinzileyo Zakhiwo, ukubonisa izakhiwo eco-friendly ngoyilo oluyilayo kunye nobuchule bokwakha.
• Icandelo lezakhiwo eziluhlaza kwesi sixeko lidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekunciphiseni ukukhutshwa kwerhasi yegreenhouse, izakhiwo zibe ngumthombo wesibini ngobukhulu kwiMetro Vancouver.
• Inkqubo yeVancouver's Climate Emergency Response ijolise ekunciphiseni kakhulu i-carbon ekhoyo ukukhutshwa kwezakhiwo ezitsha kunye nokwakhiwa ngo-2030.
• Izakhiwo eziluhlaza eVancouver zisebenzisa iindlela ezifanelekileyo zobutyebi, izicwangciso zokunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo, kwaye zibonelela ngogcino lweendleko zexesha elide.
• Phantse i-90% yexesha lethu elichithwa kwizakhiwo, sigxininisa ukubaluleka yeendawo zokwakha ezisempilweni nezisebenzayo¹.

IVancouver iye yavela njengenkokeli kwi uyilo oluzinzileyo, kunye nezakhiwo zayo eziluhlaza ezisebenza njengemizekelo eqaqambileyo yeendlela zokwakha ezifanelekileyo kunye nobuchule bokunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo.². Ezi zakhiwo zibeka phambili ukusetyenziswa kwe izinto ezivuselelekayo, ukurisayikilisha, kunye nokuveliswa kwamandla kwisiza ukunciphisa zabo Imibhalo yenyawo yekhabhoni kunye nokukhuthaza ukonga iindleko zexesha elide.

Izakhiwo eziluhlaza zaseVancouver zisebenzisa uluhlu lweendlela ezintsha zokwakha ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwezibonelelo. Oku kubandakanya ukuhlenga kunye nokusetyenziswa kwakhona kwe izinto zokwakha, kunye nokwamkelwa kweenkqubo zokwakhiwa ngokutsha kunye nokuveliswa kwakhona ukuze kuncitshiswe inkunkuma². Yesixeko isakhiwo esiluhlaza icandelo likwagxile ekudityanisweni kobuchwepheshe bokusebenza ngamandla, obufana neempompo zobushushu, ukomeleza ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo kunye nokuzinza kwezi zinto.

Ngokuhambelana neenjongo zozinzo zesixeko, izakhiwo eziluhlaza zeVancouver ziyilelwe ukuba zingakhuphi kwaye zifake imathiriyeli ephantsi okanye enekhabhoni.³. Ezi zakhiwo zikwabeka phambili ukusetyenziswa kwamacandelo kunye neenkqubo ezijikelezayo, ezijolise ekunciphiseni indawo yazo yendalo esingqongileyo kwaye zibe negalelo ekomeleleni kwexesha elide kwesixeko phambi kobuso besixeko. imo iyatshintsha.

Utyalo-mali kwi iindlela zokwakha eziluhlaza eVancouver ubonakalise ugcino lweendleko zexesha elide². Ezi zakhiwo ezizinzileyo azinciphisi kuphela ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye neendleko zokusebenza kodwa zikwabonelela ngembuyekezo ephezulu kutyalo-mali ngokunyuka kwamaxabiso epropathi kunye neendleko zokuyilungisa ezicuthiweyo³. Ukuzibophelela kwesixeko kulwakhiwo lohlaza kudale icandelo elikhulayo eliqhubayo ezintsha kunye nokukhuthaza inzuzo yezoqoqosho kuyilo oluzinzileyo.

Uyilo oluzinzileyo eVancouver alukho malunga nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla; imalunga nokudala izakhiwo ezomeleleyo, eziguquguqukayo, nezihambelanayo nendalo indawo. "

ukuzibophelela Vancouver ukuba iindlela zokwakha eziluhlaza ubeke esi sixeko njengenkokeli yehlabathi kwi uyilo oluzinzileyo, enikezela ngesicwangciso esilungiselelwe abanye oomasipala². Ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezintsha zokwakha, buchule ukunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo, kunye nokugxila kwixesha elide iindleko-ngempumelelo, Izakhiwo eziluhlaza zaseVancouver zibeka umgangatho wezakhiwo ezisebenza ngamandla ezibeka phambili impilo-ntle yabantu kunye neplanethi.

uhambo Vancouver kaThixo ukuya Uyilo oluZinzileyo iphawulwe ngeziganeko ezibalulekileyo kule minyaka ingamashumi amabini idlulileyo. Isixeko siye satyhala ngokuqhubekayo imida ye uyilo lwesakhiwo esiluhlaza, ukusuka ekuqaleni kwezinto ezintsha ezifana ne-CK Choi Building ngo-1996 ukuya kuphuhliso lwamva nje olufana ne-Evolve faculty kunye nezindlu ezirentisayo zabasebenzi. Olu tshintsho luye lwabona ukudityaniswa kokuhamba phambili iimpawu ezizinzileyo, njenge endalo umoya iinkqubo, ukuvunwa kwamanzi emvula, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemithi emininzi⁴.

Ukuzinikela kwesixeko nokuzinza iye yomelezwa ngamaphulo afana neSicwangciso sokuSebenza soKwakha ngokuHlaza, esibonelela ngendlela eyakhiweyo uyilo izakhiwo ezenza igalelo elinet-positive kwiinkqubo zabantu nezendalo⁵.

Omnye wabaqhubi abaphambili boyilo oluzinzileyo eVancouver ibe lulwazi olukhulayo lwesidingo sokujongana nokutshintsha kwemozulu.⁴. Ukukhutshwa kweegesi zegreenhouse eKhanada kuye kwanda ngaphezu kwama-20 ekhulwini ukususela ngowe-1990⁴. Ukuphendula, isixeko sithathe amanyathelo anesibindi ukunciphisa Imibhalo yenyawo yekhabhoni yayo indawo eyakhelweyo, kunye neeprojekthi ezifana neBrock Commons Tallwood House, iZiko loPhando oluSebenzayo ngoZinzo kwi-UBC, kunye ne-ofisi eyintloko ye-MEC ehamba phambili⁵.

The ukuqaliswa of uyilo oluzinzileyo ibonakala ngokubanzi kwicandelo likarhulumente, kunye neeyunivesithi, izibonelelo zamandla kwiphondo, kunye namaziko karhulumente aphakathi kwawona aqhuba kakuhle kuyilo oluluhlaza noluzinzileyo.⁴. Lo mkhwa ubonakaliswa liZiko loPhando oluSebenzayo loZinzo e-UBC, elithembele ngokupheleleyo kumanzi emvula ukuze libonelele ngamanzi.⁵, kunye neZiko loPhando loMhlaza leBC, elibonisa umoya wendalo kunye nenkqubo yokubuyisela ubushushu⁵.

Ukuvela kwezinto uyilo oluzinzileyo eVancouver kwakhona iphenjelelwe kukuvela kobugcisa bokwakha obutsha kunye nobuchule boyilo. Emhlabeni izindlu, umzekelo, zisebenzisa izixokelelwano zokuqokelela amanzi ekuqokeleleni amanzi emvula kwaye zineenkqubo zokucocwa kunye nokuthintela⁴. Ezi zindlu zikwafumana wonke umbane wazo kwimithombo yelanga kunye nomoya, zisebenzisa iipaneli ze-photovoltaic kunye neebhetri zohlobo lwegalufa ukuze zigcinwe, kwaye ziyilwe njengamakhaya ashushu obushushu kuqala kunye nemizi yelanga yelanga yesibini.⁴. The Emhlabeni Iprojekthi ibonisa imodeli ye ubomi obuzinzileyo edibanisayo umoya ovuselelekayo imithombo kunye noyilo loyilo lwezakhiwo⁴.

Njengoko iVancouver iqhubeka nokukhokela indlela Uyilo oluZinzileyo, ukuzibophelela kwesixeko ekunciphiseni ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni ukusuka kwizakhiwo ezitsha kunye nokwakhiwa kweepesenti ze-40 ngo-2030 xa kuthelekiswa nesiseko se-2018⁵ isebenza njengobungqina bokuzinikela kwayo okungagungqiyo ekudaleni ngakumbi eco-friendly kwaye unyawo lwekhabhoni ephantsi indawo eyakhelweyo.

Imiswe ngaphakathi kohlaza oluchumileyo lweVancouver's VanDusen Botanical Garden, iZiko leVanDusen Botanical Visitor Centre limi njengomzekelo omangalisayo woyilo oluzinzileyo. Iyilwe yifemu eyaziwayo iPerkins kunye neWill, esi sakhiwo sivelisa izinto ezintsha sidibanisa ubugcisa, isayensi kunye indalo, enika iindwendwe amava awodwa ngokwenene.

Eyona nto ibalaseleyo yeZiko labatyeleli luphahla lwalo oluluhlaza, olutsala impembelelo kwiintlobo zezityalo zeorchid.⁶. Le jiyometri intsonkothileyo iphunyezwa ngobuchule obutsha bokwenziwa kwangaphambili, ngokwenza ulwakhiwo olunomtsalane olubonakalayo olungaphuculi nje ubuhle besakhiwo kodwa lukwasebenza ngeenjongo ezisebenzayo.⁶. Uphahla olunezityalo alongezi nje ukusebenza kakuhle kokushushu kwesakhiwo kodwa lukwakhuthaza nezilwanyana zasekuhlaleni ukuba zisebenzise indawo, kunye neendlela zomhlaba ezidibanisa uphahla kwinqwelomoya ephantsi.⁶.

IZiko leeNdwendwe zeGadi yezityalo yaseVanDusen ngumzekelo oqaqambileyo ukuhlanganiswa kwamandla ahlaziyekayo kwizakhiwo zeVancouver. Ukusebenzisa amandla elanga nomhlaba, isakhiwo sisebenzisa uluhlu lweenkqubo zamandla ezizinzileyo, ezibandakanya imigodi ye-geothermal, i-photovoltaics yelanga, kunye neityhubhu zamanzi ashushu elanga.⁶. Le ndlela intsha ivumela iZiko leeNdwendwe ukuba livelise amandla alo, linciphise impembelelo yalo yokusingqongileyo kwaye libe negalelo kwisimo sesixeko ngokubanzi. imizamo yokuzinza.

Ukuphuculwa kwesakhiwo ukusebenza kwamandla kukudityaniswa kwayo kwe umoya wendalo kunye neteknoloji yetshimini yelanga⁶. Uyilo loyilo lubonisa i-skylight oculus esembindini esebenza njengenkqubo yendalo yokungenisa umoya, ukutsala umoya ofudumeleyo ngaphandle kwesakhiwo kunye nokuvumela ukupholisa okungahambiyo.⁶. Isilingi eshushu eyenziwe ngamaplanga kunye neendonga ezigobileyo zinegalelo ngakumbi kwisakhiwo design biophilic, ukukhupha iigill ze-mushroom kunye nokudala uxhulumaniso oluhambelanayo phakathi kwesakhiwo kunye neendawo ezizungezile zendalo.

“Iziko leeNdwendwe zeGadi yeBotanical yaseVanDusen libubungqina bokwenyani bamandla oyilo oluzinzileyo, oludibanisa iteknoloji ekumgangatho ophezulu ngentlonipho enzulu ngendalo. Iimpawu zayo ezintsha kunye nobuhle obuphefumlayo buyenza ibe yindawo ekufuneka ibonwe kuye nabani na onomdla kwikamva lekamva. uyilo oluluhlaza. "

Iziko leeNdwendwe zeGadi yezityalo yaseVanDusen limi njengomsebenzi wobugcisa Uyilo oluhlaza, ebonisa amandla amangalisayo oyilo oluzinzileyo eVancouver. Umdibaniso wayo owodwa we iinkqubo zamandla ahlaziyekayo, izinto zoyilo lwe-biophilic, kunye nezicwangciso zendalo zokungenisa umoya zenze indawo ethandekayo kubo bobabini abathanda izakhiwo kunye nabathandi bendalo ngokufanayo.

IZiko leeNdwendwe zeGadi yeBotanical yaseVanDusen ivulwa ngentsimbi yesi-9 AM ukuya ku-5 PM, inika abakhenkethi ithuba lokufumana le gem yezakhiwo phakathi kweegadi ezichumileyo.⁶. Ngophahla lwayo olumangalisayo lwe-orchid petal-ephefumlelweyo eluhlaza, iZiko leeNdwendwe limi njengobungqina bamandla uyilo oluzinzileyo eVancouver, ngaphandle komthungo ukudibanisa amandla ahlaziyekayo, umoya wendalo, kunye nentlonipho enzulu yendawo engqongileyo.

Ezinye izakhiwo eziphawulekayo eziluhlaza eVancouver ziquka iZiko loPhando oluSebenzayo lokuZinza kwiYunivesithi yaseBritish Columbia, ethembele ngokupheleleyo kumanzi emvula, kunye ne-ofisi ye-MEC, indawo yokuqala eqinisekisiweyo ye-"salmon-ekhuselekileyo" yedolophu e-British Columbia.⁸. Ezi zakhiwo zibandakanya i-cutting-edge Ulawulo lwamanzi iinkqubo, iimpawu ezonga amandla, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe izinto ezizinzileyo, ebonisa indlela esijongana ngayo yonke le dolophu ukuhoywa kwendalo⁸.

Ukuzibophelela kweVancouver kuzinzo kubonakaliswa ngakumbi yiBrock Commons Tallwood House kwiYunivesithi yaseBritish Columbia, eyayisakuba lolona phuhliso lude lwemithi yemithi.⁸. Le projekthi entsha ibonisa amandla oku ulwakhiwo oluzinzileyo iindlela zokunciphisa i-carbon footprint yendawo eyakhiweyo⁸.

Le mizekelo iphambili ye Izakhiwo eziQinisekisiweyo ze-LEED, Ulwakhiwo oluSebenza ngoMbane, yaye Uyilo oluZinzileyo eVancouver bonisa ukuzinikela kwesixeko ekudaleni ikamva eliqaphela indalo esingqongileyo ngakumbi kwaye liphileka⁷⁸.

UBrock Commons Tallwood House kwiYunivesithi yaseBritish Columbia (UBC) ngumzekelo wobuvulindlela izindlu zabafundi ezizinzileyo design kunye Bunzima ukwakhiwa kwamaplanga ukusungula izinto ezintsha. Ivulwe ngoJulayi ka-2017, le ndawo yokuhlala yabafundi inemigangatho eyi-18 yayikhe yachazwa njengeyona ndawo inde emhlabeni yophuhliso lwamaplanga, ime kwiimitha ezingama-53 (iinyawo eziyi-174) ukuphakama.⁹. Ifacade yesi sakhiwo yakhiwa ngeentsuku nje ezingama-57, nto leyo ebonisa ukusebenza kakuhle nesantya sale ndlela yokwakha.¹⁰.

I-Brock Commons Tallwood House imele inyathelo elibalulekileyo eliya phambili ekusetyenzisweni kwamaplanga amaninzi, imathiriyeli yokwakha ezinzileyo eyenziwe ngeemveliso zokhuni zobunjineli. Xa kuthelekiswa neendlela zolwakhiwo lwemveli, amaplanga amaninzi abonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi, kubandakanya indawo esezantsi yekhabhoni, ixesha lokwakha elincitshisiweyo, kunye nokomelela kwenyikima.⁹. Isakhiwo sasifakelwe iinkqubo zokubeka iliso eziphambili, ezifana ne-accelerometers kunye ne-inclinometers, ukuqokelela idatha malunga nokusebenza kwayo kunye nokwazisa uphuhliso lwexesha elizayo kulwakhiwo olude lwamaplanga.¹⁰.

I-Brock Commons Tallwood House ayibonisi kuphela iindlela zokwakha ezintsha kodwa ibeka phambili iimpawu zoyilo oluzinzileyo. Isakhiwo se-15,120-square-metre (162,800-square-foot) singakwazi ukuhlalisa abafundi abangama-404 kumxube wegumbi elinye lokulala kunye neeyunithi zesitudiyo, kunye neendawo zokufunda kunye nezentlalo.⁹. Ngokugxila ekusebenzeni kwamandla kunye nokunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo, iprojekthi yenzelwe ukuhlangabezana nemigangatho yokuqinisekisa i-LEED Gold¹¹.

I-Brock Commons Tallwood House imele isiganeko esibalulekileyo kuphuhliso loyilo oluzinzileyo eVancouver, ivula indlela yokusetyenziswa okwandileyo ukwakhiwa kwamaplanga ngobuninzi kunye nophuhliso lwezindlu zabafundi ezonga amandla ngakumbi¹⁰⁹¹¹.

"Brock Commons Tallwood House ngumzekelo omangalisayo wendlela ukwakhiwa kwamaplanga ngobuninzi ingasetyenziselwa ukudala izindlu zabafundi ezizinzileyo nezinentsha. Le projekthi ibonisa amandla ezinto zokwakha ezenziwe ngamaplanga ukunciphisa i-carbon footprint yendawo eyakhiweyo. "

IZiko leNgqungquthela laseVancouver kwiSakhiwo saseNtshona sibubungqina boyilo oluzinzileyo, olunesona sikhulu saseCanada. uphahla oluphilayo efikelela kwi-2.4 yeehektare ezinomtsalane¹². Olu phahla luluhlaza aluboneleli nje kuphela kwaye lunciphisa isiphumo sesiqithi sobushushu sasezidolophini kodwa sikwaxhasa ezahlukeneyo i-ikhosistim, nabangaphezu kwe-400,000 zomthonyama izityalo kunye nengca echumayo phezu kwesakhiwo¹².

Ukuzinikela kweziko lendibano ekunciphiseni impembelelo yalo yokusingqongileyo kubonakala ngakumbi ekusebenziseni amanzi olwandle ukufudumeza nokupholisa, ukucocwa kwamanzi kwindawo yawo, kunye nokufakwa kwendawo yokuhlala yeentlanzi kwisiseko salo.¹². Ukunikezelwa kweziko kuzinzo kuye kwavunywa ngokubanzi, kunye neZiko leNgqungquthela laseVancouver libe liziko lendibano lokuqala eliqinisekisiweyo le-LEED® Platinum.¹².

Iphalethi yezityalo ezahlukeneyo zophahla oluluhlaza kunye noyilo olulodwa lwethambeka, ukusuka kwi-3% ukuya kwi-56%, lwenza inkqubo ekhulayo yendalo exhasa ubutyebi. eziphilayo¹³. Iipropati zokhuselo lophahla oluphilayo kuqikelelwa ukuba ziya kunciphisa ubushushu behlobo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-95% kunye nelahleko yobushushu ebusika ukuya kuthi ga kwi-26%.¹³, inegalelo elingaphaya ekusebenzeni kwamandla esakhiwo kunye nokunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo.

IZiko leNgqungquthela laseVancouver kwiSakhiwo saseNtshona limi njengomzekelo oqaqambileyo wendlela ulwakhiwo oluzinzileyo olunokuthi ludityaniswe ngaphandle komthungo nendalo esingqongileyo, lubonisa amandla amakhulu ophahla oluphilayo kunye nokuphelela. iindlela zokwakha eziluhlaza ukunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo yezakhiwo zanamhlanje¹²¹³.

I-Mountain Equipment Co-op (MEC) i-ofisi eyintloko eVancouver ngumzekelo oqaqambileyo wezenzo zokwakha eziluhlaza zisebenza. Yintoni eyahlula eli ziko ngumahluko walo njengendawo yokuqala eqinisekisiweyo “yesalmon ekhuselekileyo” eBritish Columbia.¹⁴. Isakhiwo sibandakanya uluhlu lwezinto ezintsha amanzi nokugcinwa iimpawu kunye nemilinganiselo yokusebenza kwamandla ebonisa ukuzibophelela kwenkampani kuzinzo.

Ikuqonda ukubaluleka kolawulo lwamanzi, undlunkulu we-MEC uphumeze izicwangciso ezininzi zokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi. Uphahla oluluhlaza lutsala amanzi emvula, athi ke agcinwe kwitanki elingaphantsi komhlaba leelitha ezingama-7,700 aze asetyenziswe ekugungxuleni izindlu zangasese nokunkcenkceshela igadi ephezu kophahla.¹⁴. Ulondolozo lwenkangeleko yomhlaba lukwanqanda ukusetyenziswa kwezibulali zinambuzane ukukhusela umgangatho wamanzi asekuhlaleni. Ngokwenyani, eli ziko linciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi angaselwa ngama-55% ngala manyathelo okonga amanzi.¹⁴.

Ukuphumeza ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla yinxalenye ephambili yoyilo lwesakhiwo sohlaza se-ofisi ye-MEC. Isakhiwo sasiyilelwe ukuba sisebenzise amandla angama-70% ngaphezulu kunezakhiwo eziqhelekileyo zorhwebo, ngenxa yeempawu ezifana nokufudumeza komhlaba kunye neenkqubo zokupholisa kunye nokwakhiwa kwamaplanga amaninzi.¹⁵. Ezi itekhnoloji yokudala nceda ukunciphisa amandla ombane wesakhiwo ngokubanzi kwi-297.5 MJ / m2 / ngonyaka, ukunciphisa i-68% xa kuthelekiswa nesakhiwo sokubhekisela phantsi kweKhowudi yeSizwe yaMandla yeZakhiwo (MNECB)¹⁵.

Ukuzinikezela kwe-MEC kuzinzo kudlulela ngaphaya kwamanzi namandla kuphela. Ikwaqhayisa ngokuncomekayo ngokurisayikilisheka kunye neziqinisekiso zokufumana imathiriyeli, nge-19.7% yemathiriyeli yokwakha ehlaziywayo kwaye i-33.5% ifunyenwe kumgama ongama-800km.¹⁵. Ngaphaya koko, umyinge wama-94% wezinto zokwakha zaphambukiswa kwindawo yokulahla inkunkuma¹⁵.

Indlela ye-ofisi kandlunkulu ye-MEC yozinzo, ukusuka ulondolozo lwamanzi ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwamandla kunye nokulawulwa kwezinto ezinoxanduva, uye wafumana isatifikethi sePlatinam ye-LEED¹⁴. Esi sakhiwo simi njengomzekelo oqaqambileyo wento enokufezwa xa imigaqo yokwakha eluhlaza idityaniswe kuyilo nolwakhiwo lwezakhiwo zasezidolophini.

“Iziko le-MEC linenjongo yoku umnatha impembelelo yokusingqongileyo kwizakhiwo zayo, ebonisa ukuzinikela izenzo ezizinzileyo. "¹⁴

¹⁵¹⁴

Iziko loPhando oluSebenzayo ngoZinzo (CIRS) kwiYunivesithi yaseBritish Columbia yinto ephazamisayo. Isakhiwo esiQinisekisiweyo se-LEED oko kushwankathela imigaqo ye Uyilo oluZinzileyo kwaye Ukuhlanganiswa kwaMandla aVuselelwayo. Igqitywe ngo-2011, iCIRS yayisisakhiwo sokuqala e-UBC ukuphumeza isatifikethi se-LEED sePlatinum¹⁶.

Iyilwe ngombono 'we-net-positive', iCIRS ijolise ekubeni nefuthe elihle kokusingqongileyo kunye nempilo yoluntu. Isakhiwo sineempawu ezibanzi iindawo zoluntu, kubandakanywa ikhefi, izinyuko, kunye neendawo zeatrium ekwabelwana ngazo, zonke ziyilelwe ngenjongo yokukhuthaza unxibelelwano lwezentlalo kunye nezemfundo.¹⁷. Enye yezinto ezibalaseleyo kwesi sakhiwo luphahla lwaso oluhle oluluhlaza, olufunxa amanzi emvula kwaye lutsala abantu abahlukeneyo Zasendle, ephucula ngakumbi uzinzo lwesiza¹⁸.

I-CIRS isebenza njengomboniso obalaseleyo wokuzinza, ukubonisa ubugcisa obutsha kunye nezicwangciso zoyilo. Esi sakhiwo sisebenzisa indibaniselwano yeenkqubo zamandla ahlaziyekayo kunye nezisikekileyo, kubandakanywa inkqubo ye-geothermal, i-photovoltaics, thermal yelanga amanzi ashushu, kunye nokutshintshana kobushushu kunye nesakhiwo esisecaleni¹⁸. Ezi nkqubo zidibeneyo zivumela i-CIRS ukuba ibuyisele i-600-megawatt-iiyure ze-surplus yamandla emva kwekhampasi ngonyaka, ukunciphisa i-carbon footprint iyonke.¹⁷.

Njengendawo ethandwayo yokhenketho lwezemfundo, iCIRS iyaqhubeka nokutyhala imida yoyilo lolwakhiwo oluzinzileyo kunye nokusebenza. Isakhiwo somthi sesakhiwo sigcina iitoni ze-904 zekhabhoni, ukunciphisa i-carbon footprint xa kuthelekiswa ne-avareji yesakhiwo se-UBC malunga ne-90%¹⁷. Ngokusebenzisa indlela yayo entsha kunye neempawu zozinzo olubanzi, iCIRS isebenza njengobungqina bamandla e Uyilo oluZinzileyo kunye nokudityaniswa kwe Umoya ovuselelekayo kwindawo eyakhelweyo.

"I-CIRS yenzelwe ukuba sesona sakhiwo sizinzileyo kuMntla Melika xa sigqityiwe, sigqithise isimo sePlatinam ye-LEED kunye nokuphumeza 'intsebenzo entle' ngeendlela ezisixhenxe ezahlukeneyo."

I-Wilson School of Design kwiYunivesithi yaseKwantlen Polytechnic (KPU) e-Richmond, eBritish Columbia, ibonisa ukuzibophelela okuphawulekayo kuyilo oluzinzileyo kunye noyilo olusebenza ngamandla. Njengelinye lamaziko aphambili eCanada asemva kwamabanga aphakamileyo, iKPU ibonelela ngoluhlu olwahlukeneyo lweenkqubo zesidanga sokuqala, urhwebo, iinkqubo zobuchwepheshe, kunye neenkqubo zesatifikethi/idiploma kubafundi abangaphezu kwe-18,000.¹⁹. I-Wilson School of Design, eyongeziweyo yakutsha nje kwikhampasi ye-KPU, ifumene ukuqondwa kwi-BC Hydro ngeempawu zayo eziphucukileyo zokonga amandla, imisela umgangatho omtsha wezibonelelo zemfundo ezizinzileyo.

Embindini weSikole seWilson soYilo loyilo oluwonga amandla kuyilo lwaso lwe-radiant slab olushushu kunye neenkqubo zokupholisa. Ngokungafaniyo neenkqubo ze-HVAC zemveli, ezi nkqubo zikhazimlayo zisebenzisa amanzi ajikeleza kumgangatho wekhonkrithi wesakhiwo kunye neendonga ukusasaza ubushushu kunye nokupholisa, okukhokelela ekomelezeni ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kunye nokuphuculwa kokuthuthuzelwa kobushushu kubahlali.²⁰. Le ndlela yokusika yoku Ulawulo lwemozulu ihambelana nomnqophiso wesikolo wokukhuthaza uyilo oluzinzileyo kunye iindlela zokwakha eziluhlaza.

Ukuzibophelela kweSikole seWilson soYilo kuyilo oluzinzileyo kunabela ngaphaya kweenkqubo zokufudumeza kunye nokupholisa. Esi sakhiwo sibonisa ulwakhiwo oluphezulu lwamaplanga kunye nodonga lweglasi yeglasi, ejolise ekuphumezeni isiqinisekiso seGolide ye-LEED.²⁰. Uluhlu olwahlukeneyo lwezixhobo ezizinzileyo, ezibandakanya amaplanga anzima, ukukhenkceza kwangaphandle, kunye neentsimbi ezidityanisiweyo zokugqunywa kwepaneli, zikhethwe ngononophelo ukunciphisa impembelelo yendalo esingqongileyo yesakhiwo.²⁰. Ngaphaya koko, izitudiyo zoyilo eziguquguqukayo, iilebhu, ii-ofisi ezivulekileyo, kunye neendawo ekwabelwana ngazo kulo lonke ulwakhiwo olunemigangatho emihlanu lukhuthaza intsebenziswano phakathi kwabafundi kunye nabafundisi, ukukhuthaza imeko-bume yokufunda eguqukayo neyilayo.

I-Wilson School of Design isebenza njengomzekelo ogqwesileyo wendlela amaziko emfundo anokudibanisa ngayo iindlela zokwakha eziluhlaza kwiindawo zabo, engaboneleli nje ngeenzuzo zokusingqongileyo kodwa namathuba okufunda axabisekileyo kubafundi kwiinkalo ezinxulumene noyilo.¹⁹. Ukuzibophelela kwe-KPU kubuchule bokuyila, ubume bokufunda, kunye nokuhlangabezana neemfuno zeshishini kubonakaliswa ngokucacileyo kwiimpawu ezizinzileyo zesi sakhiwo simangalisayo.

"Isikolo saseWilson soYilo senzelwe ukuba negalelo kwindawo enempilo yedolophu kwindawo elawulwa ziimoto kunye Yokupaka amaqashiso.”²⁰

Njengeziko loyilo lwefashoni yobugcisa bommandla, kunye neenkampani ezingaphezu kwama-300 zempahla ezikummandla osezantsi welizwe, iWilson School of Design ijolise ekubeni sisikolo samabanga aphantsi kobu bukhethekileyo kuNxweme oluseNtshona.²⁰. Ngezisombululo zaso eziphezulu zokonga amandla kunye neempawu zoyilo oluzinzileyo, isikolo sibeka ibhenchmark entsha yezibonelelo zemfundo eziluhlaza, abafundi abakhuthazayo kunye noluntu ngokubanzi ukuba lwamkele. Ulwakhiwo oluSebenza ngoMbane, Uyilo oluZinzileyo, kunye neZenzo zoKwakha ezikuHlaza.

Iziko loPhando loMhlaza le-BC livelele njengomzekelo oqaqambileyo woyilo oluzinzileyo oludityaniswe ngaphandle komthungo kwiziko elikhethekileyo lezenzululwazi.²¹. Le projekthi ye-95 yezigidi zeerandi, igqitywe i-7 yezigidi zeerandi phantsi kohlahlo lwabiwo-mali, ifumene isiqinisekiso seGolide se-LEED esivela kwiBhunga leSakhiwo saseCanada.²¹. Iimpawu zoyilo lwesakhiwo zisivumela ukuba silondoloze i-42% yeendleko zamandla kunye ne-43% kwiimfuno zamanzi okusela xa kuthelekiswa nesakhiwo selabhoratri eqhelekileyo.²¹.

Enye yezinto ezizinzileyo zeli ziko yinkqubo yalo yendalo yokungenisa umoya kwiilabhoratri kunye neeofisi, ukunqaba kwizakhiwo ezilolu hlobo ngenxa yokuqina okuqhelekileyo. umgangatho womoya iimfuno²¹. Eli ziko likwabandakanya inkqubo yokubuyisela ubushushu enciphisa kakhulu ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, ivumela ukungena komoya okusebenzayo ngaphandle kokuxhomekeka kakhulu ekupholiseni ngamandla okanye ukufudumeza.²¹.

Uyilo oluyilayo lweZiko loPhando loMhlaza lwe-BC lubonisa ukuba nezixhobo ezikhethekileyo zenzululwazi zinokuyilwa ngozinzo engqondweni, ngaphandle kokubeka esichengeni ukusebenza okanye ukhuseleko.²¹. Iimpawu eziphambili zesi sakhiwo, ezifana nenkqubo yemibhobho elayitiweyo ekwi-slab yokufudumeza kunye nokupholisa ii-ofisi, ii-hoods eziguquguqukayo zomthamo womphunga kwiilabhoratri, kunye nenkqubo yeefeni ze-strobic plume eluphahleni, zonke zinegalelo ekusebenzeni kwayo kokusingqongileyo okumangalisayo.²¹.

IZiko loPhando loMhlaza le-BC leZiko loPhando oluluhlaza libeka umgangatho omtsha woyilo oluzinzileyo kwisizinda sophando lwezenzululwazi, ebonisa indlela Uyilo oluZinzileyo, Ulwakhiwo oluSebenza ngoMbane, yaye Impembelelo yokusingqongileyo kwiZakhiwo inokuhlanganiswa ngokungenamthungo ukwenza i-cutting-edge, i-eco-friendly izibonelelo²¹.

Impumelelo yeprojekthi yeZiko loPhando loMhlaza i-BC iphinda igxininiswe ngokuchukumisa ngokulinganayo²² I-$ 69.9 yezigidi ze-BC ye-Arhente ye-Arhente ye-Cancer eMntla, eyagqitywa ngoSeptemba 2012²². Le projekthi, ukususela kwiSicelo sokuqala seziQinisekiso ngoJulayi ka-2008 ukuya kumsitho wokuvula iNkulumbuso ngo-Okthobha wama-2012, ibonisa ukuzinikela kwephondo kukhathalelo lwezempilo oluzinzileyo nololonga amandla. iziseko²².

Iziko loPhando loMhlaza leBC kunye neZiko leArhente yeCancer yaseBC eMntla limi njengeebhakana zokusungula izinto ezintsha, libonisa indlela Uyilo oluZinzileyo, Ulwakhiwo oluSebenza ngoMbane, yaye Impembelelo yokusingqongileyo kwiZakhiwo inokuhlanganiswa ngokungenamthungo kwizibonelelo ezikhethekileyo zenzululwazi kunye nezempilo, ukubeka umgangatho omtsha woyilo lwe-eco-friendly kushishino.²¹²².

Ulwakhiwo lwamaplanga obuninzi ludlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekubumbeni indawo yesakhiwo esiluhlaza saseVancouver. Inkqubo yesiXeko yokuPhendula ngoNgxamiseko lweMozulu ijolise ekunciphiseni ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni ekhoyo kwizakhiwo ezitsha kunye nolwakhiwo ngama-40% ngo-2030, ngamaplanga amaninzi achongiweyo njengesicwangciso esingundoqo sokuphumeza oku kujoliswe kuko.²³. Iiprojekthi zokwakha ezifana neBrock Commons Tallwood House zibonise amandla amangalisayo emithi emininzi ekudaleni izakhiwo ezide, ezizinzileyo ezihambelana nombono weVancouver wekamva lekhabhoni ephantsi.

Amaplanga amaninzi anika iingenelo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ezenza ukuba ibe lukhetho olunomtsalane kuyilo oluzinzileyo. Njengomthombo ohlaziyekayo, amaplanga amaninzi agcina ikhabhoni, enciphisa ukukhutshwa okupheleleyo kwesakhiwo.²³. Ukongeza, amaxesha okwakha akhawulezayo anxulunyaniswa namaplanga amaninzi avumela ixesha leprojekthi elisebenza ngokufanelekileyo, linegalelo kokungakumbi uqoqosho olujikelezayo²⁴.

Ukukhuthaza ngakumbi ukusetyenziswa kwamaplanga amaninzi, isiXeko saseVancouver sazise imigaqo-nkqubo emitsha yocando ngokutsha²³. Izakhiwo ezikwiindawo ezivumela imigangatho esi-8 ukuya kweli-11 zinokufaneleka ukuba zibe nemigangatho emibini eyongezelelweyo, ngelixa ezo zikwiindawo ezinemigangatho eyi-12 okanye ngaphezulu zinokufanelekela ukuba nemigangatho emithathu eyongezelelekileyo, ukuba zisebenzisa ulwakhiwo lwamaplanga amaninzi.²³. Le migaqo-nkqubo entsha ibonisa ukuzibophelela kweVancouver ekuqhubeni ukwamkelwa kwezinto zokwakha ezinekhabhoni ephantsi kunye neendlela.

Njengoko iVancouver iqhubeka nokutyhala ngakumbi izenzo zokwakha ezizinzileyo, amaplanga amaninzi akulungele ukuba yeyona nto ibalasele ngakumbi kubume bokwakha besixeko.²³. Ngesakhono sayo sokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwezinto ezikhutshwayo ngama-25-45% xa kuthelekiswa nezakhiwo zekonkrithi eziqhelekileyo²³, amaplanga amaninzi anika isisombululo esithembisayo kumceli mngeni wokunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo yendawo eyakhiweyo.

Ugxininiso olwandisiweyo kulwakhiwo lwamaplanga amaninzi eVancouver sisiphumo sentsebenziswano ebanzi phakathi kweSixeko, ababhekisi, abacebisi, abayili bezakhiwo, kunye nabachaphazelekayo abahlukeneyo²³. Le ndlela yokusebenzisana ibe sisixhobo ekuqulunqeni imigaqo-nkqubo kunye nenkuthazo eqhuba ukwamkelwa kwesi sixhobo sokwakha esizinzileyo.²⁴.

Njengoko iVancouver iqhubeka nokukhokela indlela yolwakhiwo oluzinzileyo, indima yamaplanga amaninzi kwikamva lesixeko esiluhlaza alinakuphikiswa. Ngokwamkela le ndlela yokwakha itsha, iVancouver ikulungele ukwenza imitsi ebalulekileyo ekunciphiseni indawo yayo yekhabhoni kunye nokuvula indlela yokwakhiwa kwendawo ezinzileyo.²³.

Uyilo lwangoku lweVancouver lukhokela indlela ekuhlanganiseni itekhnoloji ezinzileyo ukunyusa ukusebenza kwesakhiwo kunye nokunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo.²⁵. Iinkqubo zolawulo lolwakhiwo lwedijithali zisetyenziselwe ukwandisa ukusetyenziswa kobutyebi kunye nokwandisa intuthuzelo yabaqeshi. Ezi nkqubo zinokulawula ngokuchanekileyo ukufudumeza, ukupholisa, ukukhanya, kunye neminye imisebenzi yokwakha ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle²⁶. Izixhobo ezitsha zedijithali ezifana neModeli yoLwazi loKwakha (BIM) yenza ukuba ulawulo lweprojekthi lube lukhulu, lubangele inkcitho encinci yabasebenzi kunye nemathiriyeli, kunye neempazamo ezincitshiswe kakhulu.

Izisombululo zamandla ahlakaniphile, ezifana nokuveliswa kwamandla avuselelekayo kwindawo kunye nokugcinwa, nazo zibandakanyiwe kuyilo lwezakhiwo.²⁵. Ezi teknoloji azinciphisi kuphela iindleko zokusebenza kunye nokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kodwa zikwaphucula ukuqina kwesakhiwo, ukuvumela izakhiwo ukuba ziqhubeke nokusebenza nasemva kweentlekele ezinkulu.²⁶. Ukuzenzekela kulwakhiwo kunokwandisa uyilo kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwemathiriyeli malunga ne-40%, kunye nokunciphisa iindleko ezilindelekileyo njengoko kuphuhliswa imathiriyeli entsha.

Iinkqubo zolawulo lwezakhiwo zedijithali ziguqula indlela izakhiwo zeVancouver zisebenza ngayo²⁵. Ezi nkqubo ziphezulu zinokulawula kunye nokwandisa imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yokwakha, kuquka ukufudumeza, ukupholisa, ukukhanya, kunye nokulawula amanzi, ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuthuthuzela umqeshi. Ngokudibanisa idatha yexesha lokwenyani ukusuka kwi-sensors kunye neenkqubo zokubeka iliso, ezi zixhobo zedijithali zivumela abaphathi bezakhiwo ukuba benze izigqibo ezinolwazi kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kwesakhiwo ngokuqhubekayo.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwamandla ahlaziyekayo iba licandelo elingundoqo loyilo oluzinzileyo eVancouver²⁵. Ukuveliswa kwamandla avuselelekayo kwisiza, njengeenkqubo ze-photovoltaic zelanga, kunye nokugcinwa kwetekhnoloji yogcino lwamandla kubandakanywa kuyilo lwezakhiwo ukunciphisa iindleko zokusebenza kunye nokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni.²⁵. Uphahla oluluhlaza kwaye iindonga zokuhlala kwakhona negalelo ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla, ukubonelela ngesiphumo sokupholisa ngokuphindwe kabini njengeendlela zokuphahla zendabuko kunye nokukwazi ukudibanisa i-photovoltaics.

Ezi zisombululo zamandla ahlakaniphile aziphuculi kuphela ukusebenza kokusingqongileyo kwezakhiwo kodwa zikwaphucula ukomelela kwazo, zibavumela ukuba baqhubeke nokusebenza naxa bejongene neentlekele ezinkulu.²⁵. Ukuzinikela kweArchitek ekuzinzeni kukwandisa umdla kunye namathuba eQuebec nakwiindawo zaselwandle ngenxa i-eco-friendly architecture Izisombululo.

"Ukudityaniswa kobuchwepheshe obuzinzileyo kutyhalela izakhiwo zeVancouver zisingise kwikamva elisebenza kakuhle, elinobungani nokusingqongileyo."

Izinto zokwakha eziluhlaza eVancouver zibonelela ngeenzuzo ezibalulekileyo zoqoqosho ecaleni kweenzuzo zabo zokusingqongileyo. Ukusebenza okuphezulu kunye nokongiwa kweendleko zokusebenza kwe izakhiwo ezonga umbane zibenze banqweneleke ngakumbi kuzo zombini iinjongo zokuphila nezotyalo-mali²⁷. Icandelo lolwakhiwo oluluhlaza eVancouver liqeshe omnye kwi-15 Vancouverites, kwaye linegalelo kwisiXeko seedola ezingama-32 eebhiliyoni zophawu lwehlabathi.²⁷. Uqikelelo lweMarike yoLwakhiwo oluHlaza luqikelela imfuno yentengiso ye-3.3 yeebhiliyoni zeedola izinto zokwakha eziluhlaza kwiMetro Vancouver ukusuka ngo-2019 ukuya ku-2032²⁷.

Ukusetyenziswa kwezinto zasekhaya kunye nezizinzileyo, ezifana amaplanga amaninzi ukusuka eBritish Columbia amahlathi, inceda ukunyusa amashishini asekuhlaleni kunye nokuxhasa uqoqosho lwesetyhula²⁸. Izakhiwo zithatha i-18% yokukhutshwa kwerhasi yegreenhouse (GHG) yaseCanada, kwaye ngaphezulu kwe-96% yezinto ezikhutshwayo ezisebenza kwizakhiwo zivela emajukujukwini nakwizifudumezi zamanzi kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezisebenzayo. ifosili yeefuweli²⁸. Isakhiwo esiluhlaza iiretrofits kunye nokwakha izakhiwo eziluhlaza ukususela ekuqaleni kunokunciphisa kakhulu iindleko ezipheleleyo kunye nokuphucula umgangatho womoya²⁸.

Ngaphezu koko, izakhiwo eziluhlaza ihlala idala imeko-bume esempilweni yangaphakathi, enokukhokelela ekwandeni kwemveliso kwiindawo zokusebenza kunye nokuphucula impilo yabahlali.²⁷. IKhowudi yeNyathelo ye-BC Energy inokudala imisebenzi engama-925 yokuvelisa kuyo yonke i-BC, ecaleni kwemisebenzi yofakelo engama-770 eqhubekayo eMetro Vancouver.²⁷. Ezi nzuzo zoqoqosho ziqhuba ukukhula okuqhubekayo kunye nokutsha kwicandelo lokwakha eliluhlaza eVancouver.

Isixhobo sokuqikelela imfuno yemarike yeemveliso zokwakha saphuhliswa ngokubonisana ne-real estate kunye ishishini lokwakha Iingcali, ngomzekelo weQela leDelphi kunye nenkxaso-mali evela kwiSiseko sokuFumana kunye ne-BC Housing²⁷.

I-Canada ijolise ekunciphiseni ukukhutshwa kwe-GHG ngama-40-45% ngaphantsi kwamanqanaba ka-2005 ngo-2030 kwaye iphumeze ukukhutshwa kwe-net-zero ngo-2050. Malunga ne-11 yezigidi zezakhiwo kufuneka ziqhutywe ukulungiswa kwakhona, yaye izigidi zezakhiwo ezitsha eziluhlaza kufuneka zakhiwe kumashumi eminyaka ezayo.”²⁸

Uhambo lweVancouver olusingise kuyilo oluzinzileyo lubeke isixeko njengenkokeli yehlabathi kwi iindlela zokwakha eziluhlaza²⁹. Ukusuka kuyilo oluyilayo olufana neVanDusen Botanical Garden Visitor Centre ukuya kwizakhiwo eziqhekekileyo ezifana neBrock Commons Tallwood House, eVancouver. izakhiwo eziluhlaza eziphezulu bonisa ukuzinikela kulawulo lwendalo esingqongileyo kunye noyilo oluyilayo. Ezi zakhiwo azinciphisi nje kuphela ifuthe kwindalo esingqongileyo, kodwa ikwabonelela ngeenzuzo zoqoqosho kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi kubahlali²⁹.

Njengoko isixeko siqhubeka nokutyhala imida ye uyilo oluzinzileyo, ukudibanisa iteknoloji entsha kunye nezinto eziphathekayo, iVancouver imiselwe ukuba ihlale iphambili kwintshukumo yokwakha eluhlaza, ikhuthazayo. imizi kwihlabathi jikelele ukwakha ikamva elizinzileyo²⁹³⁰. Ukusetyenziswa kwemithombo ethembekileyo³⁰ yaze yarisayikilishwa³⁰ izinto, kunye nezisombululo ezintsha zokonga amandla, wenze ulwakhiwo lweVancouver lube ngumzekelo Uphuhliso oluphathekayo jikelele.

ubunkokeli Vancouver kwi iindlela zokwakha eziluhlaza ibonakaliswe yimimiselo yayo yobuvulindlela, ejolise ekuqhubeni ukukhutshwa kwegesi ye-greenhouse evela kwizakhiwo ezikhulu²⁹. Njengoko ezinye izixeko zaseKhanada, njengeToronto kunye neMontreal, zilandela ukhokelo lweVancouver, isizwe sikulungele ukumisela umgangatho omtsha wokunyamekela indalo. ucwangciso lwedolophu kunye noyilo²⁹. Ngokuqhubeka nokwamkela ubugcisa obutsha kunye nezinto ezizinzileyo, izakhiwo eziluhlaza zeVancouver ziya kuvula indlela yekamva elizinzileyo, elisebenza njengomthombo wenkuthazo kwizixeko zehlabathi.

1. Uyilo lweSakhiwo esiLuhlaza & noKwakha | IKomishini yezoQoqosho yaseVancouver- https://vancouvereconomic.com/vancouver-green-buildings/
2. IsiCwangciso sokuSebenza sesiXeko siGqirha- https://vancouver.ca/green-vancouver/greenest-city-action-plan.aspx
3. IZakhiwo zeZero Emission eVancouver naseToronto: IiMfuno, ixesha lexesha- https://www.arbor.eco/blog/zero-emission-buildings-in-vancouver-and-toronto-requirements-timelines
4. Uyilo oluZinzileyo kunye neZakhiwo eziGreen eVancouver - https://yourvancouverrealestate.ca/vancouverrealestatenews/2012/05/11/sustainable-green-architecture/
5. Usuku loMhlaba ngo-2020: Iingcali zozinzo zikhetha izakhiwo eziluhlaza ezizithandayo eVancouver - https://www.straight.com/news/earth-day-2020-sustainability-experts-pick-their-favourite-green-buildings-in-vancouver
6. Ye 'Gram! Vancouver's 10 best sites bokwakha lwangoku! - https://www.thebestvancouver.com/guide-to-modern-architecture-vancouver/
7. Izakhiwo eziluhlaza: imizekelo ye-18 yoyilo oluzinzileyo emhlabeni jikelele | CNN - https://www.cnn.com/style/article/green-buildings-world-sustainable-design/index.html
8. Iindlela zokwakha ezizinzileyo eVancouver, BC | IKholeji yaseBrighton - https://brightoncollege.com/blog/sustainable-building-practices-in-vancouver-bc/
9. Ngaphakathi kweVancouver's Brock Commons, esona sakhiwo side kakhulu seMithi yamaTimber eHlabathini - https://www.archdaily.com/879625/inside-vancouvers-brock-commons-the-worlds-tallest-timber-structured-building
10. Brock Commons Tallwood House- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brock_Commons_Tallwood_House
11. Indlu yaseBrock Commons Tallwood-Cinga uMthi- https://www.thinkwood.com/construction-projects/brock-commons-tallwood-house
12. Uzinzo-iZiko leNgqungquthela laseVancouver- https://www.vancouverconventioncentre.com/about-us/sustainability
13. Iziko leNgqungquthela laseVancouver eNtshona / iProjekthi yoLwandiso-Greenroofs.com – https://www.greenroofs.com/projects/vancouver-convention-centre-west-expansion-project/
14. Ikomkhulu le-MEC yikhampasi yokuqala ye-Salmon-Safe yaseCanada-i-Salmon-Safe- https://salmonsafe.org/mec-headquarters-is-canadas-first-salmon-safe-campus/
15. IProjekthi yokuPhumelela iMbasa ka-2015: I-Mountain Equipment Co-op i-Ofisi eyiNtloko - https://www.ecohome.net/news/1407/2015-award-winning-project-mountain-equipment-co-op-head-office/
16. IZakhiwo ezisi-8 eziQhingayo eziGreen e-UBC- https://planning.ubc.ca/news/8-iconic-green-buildings-ubc
17. Iziko loPhando oluSebenzayo ngoZinzo / iPerkins&Will – https://www.archdaily.com/343442/centre-for-interactive-research-on-sustainability-perkins-will
18. Iziko loPhando oluSebenzayo ngoZinzo - https://livinglabs.ubc.ca/projects/centre-interactive-research-sustainability
19. PDF - https://www.kpu.ca/sites/default/files/Human Resources/Executive Brief Dean Chip and Shannon Wilson School of Design.pdf
20. Wilson School of Design, Kwantlen Polytechnic Univ | Abayili beKPMB | Archello - https://archello.com/it/project/wilson-school-of-design-kwantlen-polytechnic-univ
21. IZiko loPhando loMhlaza le-BC-Ukubonisana eKhanada Iinjineli - https://www.canadianconsultingengineer.com/features/b-c-cancer-research-centre/
22. Iziko le-Arhente yoMhlaza ye-BC eMntla-Iziseko zoncedo ze-BC- https://www.infrastructurebc.com/projects/operational-complete/bc-cancer-agency-centre-north/
23. IVancouver iqhubela phambili iindlela zokwakha ezizinzileyo kunye nenkuthazo emitsha yamaplanga amaninzi-EOS - Umbutho waseYurophu woShishino lweSawmill - https://eos-oes.eu/2024/04/09/vancouver-advances-sustainable-construction-methods-with-new-mass-timber-incentives/
24. Ikamva leVancouver lePrefab, iModyuli, iZakhiwo zamaplanga obuninzi- https://vancouvereconomic.com/blog/news/vancouvers-future-of-prefab-modular-mass-timber-buildings/
25. I-Green Architecture: ITekhnoloji yoBugcisa bokuGcinwa kwaManzi - https://architek.com/green-roof-eco-sedum-tray/
26. Indlela ubuchwephesha obutsha obuvela ngayo ukuze bamkele uZinzo kuLwakhiwo- https://www.archdaily.com/991739/how-new-technologies-are-evolving-to-embrace-sustainability-in-architecture
27. UPhando lweMarike yeZakhiwo eziLuhlaza | IKomishini yezoQoqosho yaseVancouver- https://vancouvereconomic.com/research/green-buildings-market-research/
28. IQhinga leZakhiwo zaseKhanada eziHlaza: Ukutshintsha icandelo lezakhiwo zaseKhanada ukuze libe nekamva elingenaziro kunye nelomeleleyo – https://natural-resources.canada.ca/transparency/reporting-and-accountability/plans-and-performance-reports/departmental-strategies/the-canada-green-buildings-strategy-transforming-canadas-buildings-sector-for-net-zer/26065
29. Uluvo: IVancouver ikhokela indlela yokwenza izakhiwo ezinkulu zibe luhlaza- https://www.biv.com/news/commentary/opinion-vancouver-leading-the-way-on-decarbonization-of-large-buildings-8653867
30. Izinto zokwakha eziGreen kuMakhaya aseVancouver- https://www.nicons.ca/blog/top-green-building-materials-for-vancouver-homes