Vancouver's Walkable Wonders: Iimfihlo zoyilo lwasezidolophini ngasemva kweParadesi yabahambi ngeenyawo

Vancouver, isacholo sesithsaba saseCanada kuMntla-ntshona wePasifiki, iye yaziguqula yaba yiparadesi yokwenene yabahambi ngeenyawo, iindwendwe ezinomtsalane kunye nabahlali ngokufanayo ngokucwangciswa kwayo ngobuchule. uyilo lweedolophini.

Ubumelwane besixeko obuhambahambayo, obudityaniswe ngaphandle komthungo nemimangaliso yendalo, ipeyinta ubutyebi benkcubeko kunye nenkcubeko. ubomi obuzinzileyo. Ukusuka kwizitrato eziphithizelayo zembali yaseChinatown¹ ukuya kwindawo echumileyo, enabileyo yaseStanley Park¹, Imbonakalo yedolophu yaseVancouver inikezela ngamava ahlukeneyo kunye nokuzibandakanya okuhamba okubhiyozela ubugcisa bedemokhrasi bokuhlola isixeko ngeenyawo.

Kwentliziyo ye Izinto ezimangalisayo zeVancouver Kugxilwe ngabom ekudaleni idolophu egxile ebantwini indawo, apho iimfuno zabahambi ngeenyawo zithatha indawo yokuqala ukongamela iimoto. Olu tshintsho ucwangciso lwedolophu Ifilosofi iye yavelisa isixeko esikhuthaza uluntu, uqhagamshelwano, kunye noxabiso olunzulu lwendalo yendalo - iparadesi yokwenyani yabahambi ngeenyawo emema abatyeleli ukuba bafumane iimfihlo zayo ngesenzo esilula sokuhlola ngeenyawo.

• IVancouver iqhayisa ngeChinatown yesithathu ngobukhulu eMntla Melika, ibonisa iyantlukwano yenkcubeko yesixeko.¹
• IStanley Park, egubungela iihektare ezili-1000, bubungqina bokuzinikela kwesi sixeko izithuba eziluhlaza¹
• ICapilano Suspension Bridge, ebude buziimitha ezingama-450 kwaye ixhonywe kangangeemitha ezingama-230 phezu komlambo, yinto entle kakhulu. Zobunjineli¹
• ISiqithi saseGranville liziko lenkcubeko elidlamkileyo elinomboniso ophumelelayo wobugcisa¹
• Isitalato iRobson sibonelela ngamava okuthenga awohlukeneyo ngomxube weendawo zokuthengisa eziyila kunye neevenkile zalapha ekhaya¹

Ukuhambahamba eVancouver kugqitha nje kwizitrato ezilungele abahambi ngeenyawo; luhlobo lobugcisa bedemokhrasi ukuhlala ezidolophini². Indlela yesixeko yokuhambahamba ibonakalisa iimbono zeethiyori zasezidolophini ezifana noJane Jacobs, egxininisa ukubaluleka yezitalato ezahlukeneyo, ezidlamkileyo. Izinto ezifana noyilo lwendlela esecaleni, uphuhliso oluxubeneyo, kunye neendawo zikawonke-wonke zinegalelo kuhambo olukhethekileyo lweVancouver, edume kwihlabathi jikelele³.

Ukuhamba-hamba yindlela apho indawo yasezidolophini ikhuthaza ukuhamba ngezothutho, ukuzonwabisa, kunye nonxibelelwano loluntu. EVancouver, le ngcamango ilukwe kwilaphu lesixeko, idala amava angenamthungo kubahambi ngeenyawo². Ukuzibophelela kwesiXeko ekuhambeni kuyabonakala kwiingingqi zaso ezisemthethweni ezingama-22, eziphinde zahlulwe zaba ziindawo ezingama-50 ezinokuhanjwa kusetyenziswa imigaqo eneenkcukacha.².

Izinto ezininzi zinegalelo kuhambo olukhethekileyo lweVancouver, kuquka:

• Abahambi ngeenyawo banobubele iziseko, njengeepavumente ezibanzi, iipavumente ezilungiswe kakuhle, nemilinganiselo yokuthomalalisa izithuthi
• Uphuhliso lokusetyenziswa okuxubeneyo oludibanisa iindawo zokuhlala, zorhwebo, kunye neendawo zokuzonwabisa, ukunciphisa imfuno yothutho olusekwe kwimoto.
• Iindawo ezininzi zoluntu, iipaki, kunye luhlaza iindawo ezimema ukuhlola ngeenyawo

Iingenelo zoyilo lwedolophu yaseVancouver oluhambisekayo zininzi². Iyakhuthaza impilo yoluntu ngokukhuthaza intshukumo yomzimba, ikhuthaza amaqhina anamandla oluntu, kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni ngokunciphisa ukuthembela kwizithuthi zabucala³. ukuzibophelela Vancouver ukuba oluzinzileyo ukhenketho lokuhamba, iindlela ezibukekayo, yaye ukhenketho oluzinzileyo amalinge aqinisa ngakumbi isidima sayo njengomzekelo wokuhamba imizi ehlabathini lonke.

"Ukuhamba kweVancouver kunye nosetyenziso oluxubeneyo lweendawo zokuhlala zifaka isandla kudumo lwayo njengenkokeli kuqheliselo oluzinzileyo lwedolophu kunye nocwangciso."³

Indlela yeVancouver yokuhamba sisiphumo sokuzinikela kwexesha elide kuyilo lwasezidolophini olubeka phambili abahambi ngeenyawo kunye nophuhliso olugxile ekuhlaleni. Uhambo lwesi sixeko luphawulwe ngamaxesha abalulekileyo, afana nokuchaswa ngempumelelo kweeprojekthi zikahola wendlela ngeminyaka yoo-1960 kunye noo-1970, nto leyo eyahlahlel indlela yembonakalo yedolophu enokuhambeka ngakumbi nenokuhlalwa.³.

Njengoko iVancouver iqhubeka nokuvela, ukuzinikela kwayo kuhambo luhlala ililitye lembombo kucwangciso lwayo lwedolophu, iqinisekisa ukuba isixeko sihlala singumzekelo wokuzinza nokubandakanya. uphuhliso lwedolophu⁴.

Ubume bedolophu yaseVancouver bubunjwe ngobuchule ngabacwangcisi bombono kunye neethiyori ezinempembelelo zasezidolophini.⁵. Inguquko yesi sixeko ukusuka kwindawo encinci ukuya kwidolophu ekhulayo, ehambahambayo iphawulwa ngeziganeko eziphambili zembali ezishiye uphawu olungacimekiyo kubume baso bokwakha kunye nenkcubeko.

Ukusekwa kweStanley Park ngo-1888 kunye nokugcinwa kweendawo ezinembali ezifana neGastown kube ngundoqo ekubumbeni umlinganiswa owahlukileyo weVancouver.⁶. ISiqithi saseGranville, esakhe sayindawo yemizi-mveliso, sele sitshintshile saba liziko lobugcisa, inkcubeko, kunye negastronomy, ebonisa ukuzinikela kwesixeko kuhlaziyo lwasezidolophini kunye nokusetyenziswa kwakhona okuguquguqukayo.

Uphuhliso lwedolophu yaseVancouver luphawulwe ziziganeko ezininzi eziphawulekayo kunye neempawu zomhlaba⁵. Inkampani yezitena ezifihlakeleyo, eyasekwa ngo-1871, yavelisa iibhloko zodongwe eziqikelelwa kwizigidi ezingama-60 ezaziluncedo ekuqaleni kwesi sixeko. ukwakhiwa⁵. I-Esther Short Park, eyona ndawo indala kawonke-wonke kwiphondo laseWashington, igubungela iihektare ezintlanu kumbindi wedolophu yaseVancouver, ngelixa umfanekiso oqingqiweyo kaWendy Rose kunye nomfanekiso oqingqiweyo ka-Ilchee ecaleni kwe-Waterfront Renaissance Trail unika imbeko kwimizi-mveliso yesixeko kunye nedolophu. zomthonyama ilifa, ngokulandelelanayo⁵.

Iithiyori zasezidolophini ezinjengoJane Jacobs zinempembelelo enkulu kwindlela yeVancouver yokudala uluntu oluphilekayo, olunokuhambahamba.⁶. Izimvo kunye neengcinga zakhe zibe luncedo ekubumbeni uyilo lwedolophu, egxile ekugcineni ubumelwane obunembali, ukukhuthaza uphuhliso oluxubeneyo, kunye nokubeka phambili iziseko eziluncedo zabahambi ngeenyawo.

The⁵ umfanekiso oqingqiweyo kaKapteni uGeorge Vancouver oneenyawo ezilithoba, umi ekudibaneni kwe-6 kunye ne-Esther Street, usebenza njengesikhumbuzo esithe rhoqo se-namesake yesixeko kunye nembali yaso etyebileyo.

“Inkqubela phambili yedolophu yaseVancouver ibe bubungqina bamandla ocwangciso lombono kunye nempembelelo yeethiyori zasezidolophini ezingoovulindlela. Ukuvela kwesi sixeko ukusuka kwindawo encinci ukuya kwindawo ephilileyo, enokuhanjwa bubungqina bokwenyani bokubakho kwenguqu kuyilo lwedolophu.”

IVancouver idume ngokudibanisa ngaphandle komthungo uphuhliso lwedolophu kunye nobuhle bendalo⁷. Ukuzinikela kwesixeko nokuzinza ibonakala kwiipaki zayo ezininzi kwaye izithuba eziluhlaza, engapheleli nje ekubeni negalelo kudumo lwayo njengemetropolis ehambayo kodwa ephucula ngokubanzi impilo yabahlali kunye neendwendwe⁸.

Embindini weVancouver izithuba eziluhlaza ilele iStanley Park edumileyo, indawo enamahlathi ashinyeneyo ayi-1,000 yeehektare phakathi kwesixeko.⁷. Iqhayisa ngemibono emangalisayo yesixeko kunye neentaba ezisingqongileyo, le ndawo ingcwele yasedolophini itsala abakhenkethi abafuna inzolo phakathi kwembonakalo yedolophu ephithizelayo.⁹. Ukuzinikela kwesixeko ukudibanisa indalo Ilaphu layo lasezidolophini libonakaliswa ngakumbi luthungelwano lwayo olwahlukeneyo lweepaki kunye neendawo eziluhlaza, nganye inika umlinganiswa owahlukileyo kunye namava kubahlali kunye nabakhenkethi ngokufanayo.⁷.

Ukuzinikela kweVancouver kuzinzo kunabela ngaphaya kweendawo zayo eziluhlaza ezinomtsalane, kugxilwe ekukhuthazeni eziphilayo kwaye ukomelela kwedolophu⁸. ISicwangciso sokuSebenza sesiXeko saseGreenest sesixeko simisele iinjongo zamabhongo zokunciphisa indawo yaso yokusingqongileyo kunye nokubeka iVancouver njengenkokeli yehlabathi kubomi obuzinzileyo.⁸. Ngokucwangcisa ngononophelo idolophu kunye ukuzibandakanya kwabahlali, isixeko sisebenzela ukuqinisekisa ukuba indalo yaso zendalo kunye nezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo ziyachuma, nto leyo enegalelo ekomeleleni kwazo ixesha elide⁸.

Ukubandakanya uluntu kuyilo nobugosa be iindawo eziluhlaza ezidolophini yeyona nto iphambili kwiVancouver⁸. Abahlali kunye neendwendwe ngokufanayo bayamenywa ukuba bathathe inxaxheba ekucwangcisweni nasekugcinweni kweepaki, iigadi, kunye nezinye iindawo zendalo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ezi ndawo zihlangabezana neemfuno kunye nezinto ezikhethwa ngabantu basekuhlaleni.⁸. Le ndlela yokusebenzisana ayikhuthazi nje kuphela imvakalelo yobunini nokuzingca phakathi koluntu kodwa ikwanceda ekomelezeni iqhina phakathi kwabantu kunye nendalo esingqongileyo ababelana ngayo.⁸.

Ukuzinikela kweVancouver ekudibaniseni indalo kwindawo yayo yasezidolophini bubungqina bombono wayo wekamva elizinzileyo nelinokuhlala lihleli.⁸. Ngokubeka phambili iindawo eziluhlaza, izinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo, kunye nokuzibandakanya noluntu, isixeko siyaqhubeka nokumisela umzekelo kumaziko asezidolophini kwihlabathi liphela, sikhuthaza abanye ukuba bamkele amandla okuguqula izisombululo ezisekelwe kwindalo⁸.

“Ukuzinikela kweVancouver ekudibaniseni indalo kwindawo yayo yasezidolophini bubungqina bombono wayo wekamva elizinzileyo nelinokuphila.”

Inkqubo yezothutho kawonke-wonke yaseVancouver incedisana noyilo lwayo olunokuhamba, iphucula ukufikeleleka kunye noqhagamshelwano phakathi kweendawo ezahlukeneyo.¹⁰. Udibaniso lwezothutho kunye nemimandla elungele abahambi ngeenyawo ivumela intshukumo engenamthungo kuso sonke isixeko¹⁰. Uphononongo oluyimpumelelo lubonisa indlela izithuthi zikawonke-wonke kunye nokuhambahamba zisebenzisana ngayo ukudala imeko-bume yedolophu ezinzileyo nesebenzayo.

Uthungelwano lwezothutho lukawonke-wonke oludityanisiweyo lubalulekile ekuphuculeni ukufikeleleka kwisixeko esihambayo¹⁰. Inkqubo ye-SkyTrain yeVancouver, umzekelo, isebenza ngesantya esiphezulu kwaye iyancipha iindleko zokusebenza kunye neendleko zenkunzi ngomkhweli ngamnye njengoko ukusetyenziswa kuphakama ngokuhamba kwexesha, okwenza kube yinto ekhuphisanayo kunye nezitrato.¹⁰. Ngaphaya koko, izixeko ezinjengePhoenix kunye neHouston zibonakalise ukuba iinkqubo zikaloliwe ezilula ezihamba ecaleni kwezitrato ezijikelezayo zinokubonelela ngomthamo ongcono kunye nokukhwela xa kuthelekiswa neendlela zebhasi zasekhaya.¹⁰.

Ukuqhagamshela iindawo ezinokuhanjwa ngezithuthi zikawonke-wonke kubalulekile ekukhuthazeni ukhenketho oluzinzileyo kwaye ukuhlola idolophu¹¹. Izixeko ezifana Vancouver kunye Mekhsikho IsiXeko siphumeze iintsuku “zokungabikho moto” kunye nokuvalwa kwezitrato, sivumela abahambi ngeenyawo, abakhweli beebhayisikile, kunye nabanye abasebenzisi abangasebenzisi zimoto ukuba bonwabele ngokukhululekileyo amava olonwabo nawoluntu.¹¹. La manyathelo aphucula unxibelelwano phakathi kweendawo ezinokuhanjwa kwaye akhuthaze ukubandakanya ngakumbi, okusingqongileyo okuqhutywa luluntu.

Ukuphonononga izifundo zezixeko eziye zahlanganisa ngempumelelo izithuthi zikawonke-wonke kunye nokuhamba kunokubonelela ngeembono ezixabisekileyo¹⁰. Inkqubo kaloliwe ekhaphukhaphu yaseSan Jose, umzekelo, ibonisa zombini iinxalenye eziphumeleleyo nezingaphumeleliyo ngenxa yoyilo lwayo, enamanqanaba ahlukeneyo okukhwela.¹⁰. Ngokwahlukileyo, i-SkyTrain yeVancouver kunye neenkqubo zikaloliwe ezilula ePhoenix naseHouston zibonisa iingenelo zokudibanisa ukuhamba kunye neziseko eziluncedo zabahambi ngeenyawo.¹⁰.

Ngokudibanisa amandla ezithuthi zikawonke-wonke kunye nokuhamba, izixeko ezinjengeVancouver zinokudala indawo ezinzileyo nesebenzayo yedolophu ebonelela kwiimfuno zabahlali kunye neendwendwe.¹⁰. Le ndlela ye-synergistic ayiphuculi nje ukuhamba kodwa ikwakhuthaza imvakalelo yoluntu kwaye ikhuthaza impilo enempilo, indlela yokuphila ehambelana nendalo.¹¹.

IVancouver Zakhiwo idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekubumbeni ubume bedolophu obuhambahambayo nobudlamkileyo bedolophu. Ukusuka kwi iconic yabahambi ngeenyawo-friendly izakhiwo kwiziseko zophuhliso, imimangaliso yoyilo yale dolophu yoNxweme lwaseNtshona itsala abakhenkethi kunye nabahlali ngokufanayo, inika umdibaniso owahlukileyo iindawo zelifa kwaye ukuhlola idolophu mathuba.

Izacholo zezakhiwo zesi sixeko, ezinje ngeVancouver Art Gallery, ziqhayisa ngoyilo oludibanisa ngaphandle komthungo kunye nesitrato esijikelezileyo, ekhuthaza ukuzibandakanya kwabahambi ngeenyawo. Ukwamkelwa kule hub yenkcubeko kubiza £ 24 abadala, £ 20 abadala, kunye £ 18 kubafundi¹². Ezi zakhiwo, zineendawo zazo zikawonke-wonke ezamkelekileyo kunye neefacade ezimemayo, zenza uvakalelo lwendawo kwaye zikhuthaza umoya odlamkileyo, onokuhambahamba.

Iziseko ezingundoqo zasezidolophini zaseVancouver nazo zibonisa ukuzinikela kwayo uyilo olulungele abahambi ngeenyawo. Iwotshi edumileyo yomphunga eGastown, eyakhiwa ngo-1867¹², imi njengobungqina belifa lemveli lesixeko kwaye itsalela abakhenkethi ukuba bajonge izitalato ezinomtsalane zamatye anqabileyo kulo mmandla wembali. Ukongeza, iikhilomitha ezingama-22 (iikhilomitha ezili-13.5) iVancouver Seawall¹² ibonelela ngendlela ebukekayo nefikelelekayo kubahambi ngeenyawo nabakhweli beebhayisikile, inika iimbono ezingenakuthelekiswa nanto ngobuhle bendalo besixeko.

Uphuhliso losetyenziso oluxubeneyo, oludibanisa iindawo zokuhlala, zorhwebo, kunye neendawo zokuzonwabisa, ludlala indima ebalulekileyo ekudaleni ubumelwane obudlamkileyo, obuhambahambayo eVancouver. Olu luntu luhlangeneyo, olufana neSiqithi saseGranville esiphithizelayo¹³, khuthaza uluhlu oluhlukeneyo lwemisebenzi kunye nokusebenzisana, ukukhuthaza ingqiqo yoluntu kunye nokukhuthaza impilo enempilo, esebenzayo kubahlali kunye neendwendwe ngokufanayo.

Ubume boyilo beVancouver bububungqina bokuzibophelela kwesixeko ekudaleni imeko yedolophu elungele abahambi ngeenyawo edibanisa ngaphandle komthungo. iindawo zelifa kunye noyilo oluyilayo. Ukusuka kwizakhiwo ezinomfanekiso ukuya kuphuhliso oluxubeneyo lolwakhiwo, le mimangaliso yezakhiwo imema abahlali kunye neendwendwe ngokufanayo ukuba baphonononge, bafumanise, kwaye bazintywilisele kwinkcubeko etyebileyo yenkcubeko yale ndawo yaseWest Coast.

Njengoko iVancouver ilungiselela ikamva lokunyuka ukuhlola idolophu kwaye ukhenketho oluzinzileyo, umntu owaziwayo ingcali kuyilo lwasedolophini lucwangciselwe ukwenza uphawu lwakhe esixekweni. U-Alexandra Steed, umntu obalaseleyo kwibala leendawo zokuhlala, ezilungele abahambi ngeenyawo, ulungele ukuvula iofisi yaseVancouver ngo-2024, ezisa umbono wakhe kuphuhliso oluqhubekayo lwesixeko.¹⁴.

Ngerekhodi eliqinisekisiweyo lokudala uluntu oludlamkileyo, oluhambahambayo, u-Alexandra Steed uzimise njengelizwi eliphambili kwinguqu yoyilo lwedolophu. Ubuchwephesha bakhe bubandakanya amacandelo ahlukeneyo, ukusuka kulwakhiwo kunye nolwakhiwo lomhlaba ukuya kucwangciso lwedolophu kunye nokuzibandakanya noluntu. Indlela uSteed ajongana ngayo nophuhliso lwedolophu imenze waqatshelwa kwaye wahlonitshwa ngokubanzi kushishino.¹⁴.

Isigqibo sikaSteed sokuvula iofisi yaseVancouver ngo-2024 bubungqina benkolelo yakhe kumandla esixekweni okuhlola idolophu kunye nokhenketho oluzinzileyo. Ngokuseka ubukho basekhaya, ujonge ukuntywila kwimicelimngeni eyodwa kunye namathuba aboniswa yiVancouver, emvumela ukuba alungelelanise izisombululo zakhe zoyilo kwiimfuno ezikhethekileyo zesixeko.¹⁴.

Umbono kaSteed wekamva ledolophu yaseVancouver ugxile ekudaleni umhlaba odlamkileyo, onobubele wabahambi ngeenyawo odibanisa indalo noluntu ngaphandle komthungo. Unembono yesixeko apho abahlali kunye neendwendwe ngokufanayo banokuphonononga ngokukhululekileyo, bafumanise, kwaye bazibandakanye neendawo ezibangqongileyo, bekhuthaza uxabiso olunzulu ngendalo yesixeko kunye neemeko ezakhiweyo. Indlela yoyilo yeSteed ibeka phambili uzinzo, uqhagamshelo, kunye nokwandiswa kwamava asezidolophini kumntu wonke¹⁴.

"Ukuzibophelela kweVancouver ekuhambeni kunye uyilo oluzinzileyo ihambelana ngokugqibeleleyo nombono wam wokudala ukuhlala, izixeko ezigxile ebantwini. Ndinochulumanco ngokufaka igxalaba ngobuchule bam kwinguquko eqhubekayo yesi sixeko simangalisayo.”

Iindawo ezihambahambayo zeVancouver zisebenza njengeehabhu ezidlamkileyo zokubhiyozela izityebi zesixeko inkcubeko yasekuhlaleni kunye nokukhuthaza uvakalelo oluqinileyo ekuhlaleni. Ukusuka kufakelo lobugcisa bakawonke-wonke ukuya kwimisitho yenkcubeko, ezi ndawo zilungele abahambi ngeenyawo zibonisa i-tapestry eyahlukileyo eyenza iVancouver ibe yindawo yokufikela ekhethekileyo.

IVancouver likhaya lomboniso okhulayo wobugcisa, oneegalari ezininzi kunye neemyuziyam eziqaqambisa umsebenzi wamagcisa anetalente asekuhlaleni nawengingqi. Igalari yezobuGcisa yaseVancouver lelinye lamaziko obugcisa makhulu eKhanada, lihlala ingqokelela enkulu yemisebenzi yobugcisa evela kumagcisa aziwayo alapha ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe.¹⁵. IMyuziyam ye-UBC ye-Anthropology ibonisa ubugcisa bemveli, izinto zakudala, kunye nezinto zenkcubeko, ngogxininiso kubutyebi belifa lemveli loMntla-ntshona wePasifiki, ngakumbi Iintlanga zokuqala yeBritish Columbia¹⁵. Imyuziyam yaseVancouver Maritime ibonakalisa imiboniso yokuhamba, ukwakhiwa kweenqanawa, ukuhlola elwandle, kunye nokusingqongileyo konxweme, kwaye likhaya kwinqanawa yembali yeRCMP St. Roch¹⁵. Igalari yeBill Reid yoBugcisa boNxweme oluMntla Ntshona ibhiyozela ubugcisa bemveli kunye nenkcubeko, ibonisa imisebenzi yegcisa leHaida elidumileyo uBill Reid kunye namanye amagcisa ale mihla.¹⁵. IBeaty Biodiversity Museum e-UBC izindlu ingqokelela ebanzi yeesampulu, kubandakanywa iifosili, izinambuzane, izityalo, kunye nezilwanyana ezinethambo lomqolo, ukukhuthaza ukufunda ngeentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo kunye nokugcinwa¹⁵. I-Vancouver Holocaust Education Centre yimyuziyam kunye neziko lezibonelelo ligxile ekufundiseni uluntu malunga nokuBulawa kwabantu kunye nokukhuthaza ukuqonda, inkumbulo, kunye namalungelo oluntu.¹⁵. Imyuziyam yaseBurnaby Heritage Village inika umbono wobomi benkulungwane yama-20 kulo mmandla ngokusebenzisa izakhiwo zembali, izinto zakudala, kunye neetoliki ezibonisa imbali yobuvulindlela.¹⁵. IMyuziyam yeSizwe yaseNikkei kunye neZiko leNkcubeko, eliseBurnaby, liphonononga imbali kunye negalelo labantu baseJapan baseCanada, ukugcina nokukhuthaza ilifa lenkcubeko yaseJapan kunye nenkcubeko.¹⁵.

IsiXeko saseVancouver kunye noluntu lwasekuhlaleni basebenzisana ngokukhutheleyo ukuphucula inkcubeko nentlalo yesi sixeko. Ukusukela ngo-2004, isiXeko saseVancouver kunye neClark County Mural Society ziye zasebenzisana ukwenza imizobo eseludongeni engaphezulu kwama-40 kunye nemiboniso ephantse ibe ngama-20 yobugcisa boluntu.¹⁶. Ngo-2022 nango-2023, ngaphezulu kwe-15 imizobo emitsha yongezwa kwindawo yedolophu yaseVancouver.¹⁶. Abakhenkethi banokufumana iqoqo lemizobo eseludongeni ecaleni kweWashington kunye neSitrato esiPhambili, kwaye uhola wendlela ngasemva kweKindred Homestead Supply off Street Street iguqulwe yaba yigalari yangaphandle.¹⁶. La manyathelo, axhaswa yimibutho efana neSixeko saseVancouver yeNkcubeko, iKomishoni yobuGcisa kunye neLifa leMveli kunye neThe Historic Trust, inceda ukubonisa inkcubeko yesixeko. inkcubeko yasekuhlaleni kunye nobuchule¹⁶.

Iindawo ezihamba phambili zeVancouver zisebenza njengemvelaphi yeziganeko zenkcubeko ezidlamkileyo ezibhiyozela ilifa lemveli lesixeko kunye nokwahluka. Ufakelo oluphawulekayo lobugcisa boluntu eVancouver lubandakanya "Iiambrela ezibhabhayo" kumbindi wedolophu, iSalmon Run Bell Tower e-Esther Short Park, kunye neSifanekiso se-Ilchee kunye nePlaza kumda wamanzi osempuma.¹⁶. Ezi ndawo zangaphandle zibonelela ngesetingi efanelekileyo yeendibano zoluntu, iminyhadala, kunye nemibhiyozo ezisa abahlali kunye neendwendwe kunye ukuze babe namava. inkcubeko yasekuhlaleni kwaye amagugu afihliweyo womzi.

“Umboniso woyilo weVancouver uxhaswa yimibutho efana neKomishoni yeNkcubeko, ubuGcisa kunye neLifa leMveli yesiXeko saseVancouver, kunye neThe Historic Trust, inceda ukubonisa inkcubeko yesixeko kunye nobuchule.”¹⁶

Imigaqo-nkqubo yocwangciso lwedolophu yaseVancouver idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuthazeni ukhenketho oluzinzileyo nokuhlola idolophu. Imigaqo-nkqubo yangoku ixhasa uphuhliso olulungele abahambi ngeenyawo kunye uyilo lwedolophu oluzinzileyo, njengoko isixeko sijonge ukujongana ne ifuthe kwindalo esingqongileyo zothutho¹⁷. Nangona kunjalo, imingeni kumthetho kunye ukuqaliswa zingisa, zifuna ubhengezo oluqhubekayo kunye nentsebenziswano phakathi kwabaqulunqi bomgaqo-nkqubo, abacwangcisi basezidolophini, kunye noluntu.

ISicwangciso sokuSebenza ngokuNgxamisekileyo kweMozulu yeSixeko saseVancouver (CEAP) sibeka iinjongo zamabhongo ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni ngo-50% wamanqanaba ka-2007 ngo-2030 kwaye uzuze ukungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni ngo-2050¹⁷. Ugxininiso oluphambili lwe-CEAP kukuthoba i-39% yokukhutshwa kwezithuthi zamafutha efosili, kujoliswe kwixesha elizayo apho i-90% yabantu behlala ngaphakathi kohambo olulula lokuhamba okanye lokuhamba ngebhayisekile kwiimfuno zabo zemihla ngemihla, isibini kwisithathu sohambo lwenziwa ezothutho ezisebenzayo kunye nezothutho, kunye ne-50% yeekhilomitha eziqhutywa zizithuthi ezikhupha i-zero.¹⁷.

Ngaphandle kwala manyathelo omgaqo-nkqubo, icandelo lezothutho eVancouver lisahleli lilawulwa ngabantu babucala, iimoto eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswa ngabantu abangabanye.¹⁷. Utshintsho oluguqukileyo kuhambo lwasezidolophini luyafuneka ukujongana nesixeko isenzo semozulu imingeni, njengoko kugxilwe kakhulu kwizisombululo ezisebenzayo, zolawulo lwetekhnoloji kunokuba utshintsho lomntu kwiimbono zentlalo kunye nohlengahlengiso lwezopolitiko lweenkqubo zothutho.¹⁷.

Ngo-2023, iPhondo labhengeza imithetho emininzi ejolise ekwakheni amakhaya amaninzi ngokukhawuleza, ukubumba ukukhula kwiindawo zokuhamba, kunye nokunciphisa i-red tape.¹⁸. Isicwangciso esibanzi seVancouver City siyaphuhliswa ukukhokela isixeko ukuya ku-2050 nangaphaya, kunye namathuba okunika ingxelo yoluntu kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba ngokutshintshwa kwezicelo, amaqela eengcebiso, kunye ukubandakanyeka koluntu amalinge¹⁸. Abathetheleli bayaqhubeka nokutyhala imigaqo-nkqubo ephucula ngakumbi ukuhamba kweVancouver kunye nokujongana nokhenketho oluzinzileyo lwesixeko kunye neemfuno zokuhlola idolophu.

"Ugqaliselo lwezenzo zemozulu lujolise ikakhulu kwizisombululo ezisebenzayo, zetekhnoloji, kugxininiswa kancinci kutshintsho lomntu kwiimbono zentlalo kunye nohlengahlengiso lwezopolitiko lweenkqubo zothutho."

Isiseko sabahambi ngeenyawo saseVancouver siyilwe ngengqiqo ukukhulisa amava okuhamba kubahlali kunye neendwendwe. Ukusuka kwiipavumente ezilondolozwe kakuhle ukuya kwiinkqubo zokufumana iindlela ezicacileyo, ugxininiso lwesixeko ekudaleni imeko-bume epholileyo nekhuselekileyo yokuhlola idolophu.¹⁹.

Iindlela zedolophu zibanzi kwaye zahlulwe kakuhle ukusuka ekuhambeni kweebhasi kunye neemoto, zinegalelo kwimekobume emnandi yedolophu yokuhamba.¹⁹. Iqela leziseko ezingundoqo laseVancouver lisebenza ngokuzimisela ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kweenkonzo ezibalulekileyo zesixeko, kubandakanywa nokulungiswa kweendlela ezisecaleni ukuze kubonelelwe ngeendlela ezikhuselekileyo zabahambi ngeenyawo.²⁰.

Ukhuseleko lwabahambi ngeenyawo yeyona nto iphambili eVancouver, eneziseko zesixeko eziyilelwe ukukhusela abahambi. Ukupaka amagosa onyanzeliso ajikeleza ezitalatweni ukunceda ukugcina izithuthi zihamba kwaye ziqinisekise ukhuseleko lwabaqhubi nabahambi ngeenyawo.²⁰. Ukongeza, iingcibi zombane zesixeko kunye namagcisa agcina izibane ezitalatweni kunye nemiqondiso yendlela ukuze kuphuculwe ukubonakala kunye nokhuseleko ezindleleni.²⁰.

Ukuhamba nge Vancouver njengondwendwe kwenziwa lula umbulelo kwiinkqubo zesixeko ezibanzi zokufumana indlela kunye nemiqondiso. Iziseko zophuhliso ziyilelwe ukuba zikhokele ngokufanelekileyo abantu abasuka kwiindawo eziphambili, ezifana nesikhululo seenqwelomoya, indawo yokuhamba ngenqanawa, iimyuziyam, iihotele, kunye neendawo zokutyela, ziqinisekisa amava okuhlola idolophu angenamthungo namnandi.¹⁹.

Ukuzinikela kweVancouver kuyilo olulungele abahambi ngeenyawo kunye neziseko zophuhliso kuyabonakala kwiindawo zayo ezichumileyo eziluhlaza, ucwangciso lwedolophu oluzinzileyo, kunye nophuhliso oluxubeneyo oludibanisa iindawo zokutyela, izakhiwo zokuhlala, kunye nohambo lukawonke-wonke olufikelelekayo¹⁹. Le ndlela ibanzi yoyilo lwesixeko idala imeko-bume edlamkileyo nehambekayo, imema abahlali kunye nabatyeleli ukuba bafumane imimangaliso yesixeko ngeenyawo.¹⁹.

"IVancouver yamkela uyilo oluxubeneyo, oludibanisa iindawo zokutyela, izakhiwo zokuhlala, kunye neenkqubo zoluntu ezifikelelekayo kuso sonke isixeko."¹⁹

Ngokubeka phambili iziseko zabahambi ngeenyawo, iVancouver izimise njengenyani ukhenketho lokuhamba kwaye ukuhlola idolophu indawo ekuyiwa kuyo, apho uvuyo lokufunyanwa lulukwe ngokungenamthungo kwilaphu lesixeko¹⁹.

Njengoko iVancouver iqhubeka nokubeka phambili ukuphononongwa kwedolophu kunye nokhenketho oluzinzileyo, ifumana inkuthazo kwimizekelo yehlabathi yezicwangciso eziyimpumelelo zokuhamba. Izixeko ezifana neCopenhagen kunye neMelbourne zibonelela ngolwazi oluxabisekileyo kunye nezifundo ekudaleni iindawo ezihlala abahambi ngeenyawo ezidolophini.²¹. IVancouver iyaziqhelanisa kwaye iphumeze ezi zifundo, izilungelelanise nemeko yayo eyodwa ukukhulisa ukuhamba kwayo kunye noyilo oluzinzileyo lwedolophu.

Ukusuka kwiNkqubo yeSuperblocks kwi Barcelona Kwinyathelo likaPiazze Aperte eMilan, izixeko zehlabathi ziye zaqalisa iindlela ezintsha zokwandisa ukuhambahamba.²¹. IBarcelona ijonge ukuba sisixeko esizinzileyo ngokudala iibhloko ezinkulu, ezinokunciphisa ukugcwala kweemoto nge-61% esixekweni.²¹. Inkqubo kaMilan kaPiazze Aperte yenze izikwere zikawonke-wonke ezingama-38 kwiindawo ezingasetyenziswanga kakuhle, iqinisekisa ukuba umntu omnye kwababini kwabasisi-1.35 sesigidi sesixeko ngoku unendawo kawonke-wonke kwisithuba semizuzu eli-15 ukusuka kumnyango wabo wangaphambili.²¹. Uguqulo lwesiXeko saseNew York kwiTimes Square ngomnye umzekelo oqaqambileyo wokubuyisela iindawo zasedolophini zabahambi ngeenyawo.

IVancouver ifunda ngokusondeleyo ezi zifundo zelizwe jikelele ukukhupha izifundo eziphambili kunye nezona ndlela zilungileyo. Ukusuka kwisicwangciso esibanzi seBarcelona ukuya kwindlela yaseMilan yobuchule basezidolophini, ezi zixeko zibonisa amandla okuzibandakanya noluntu, buchule uyilo lwedolophu, kunye notshintsho oluqhutywa ngumgaqo-nkqubo²¹. I-Canadian Walking Master Class, ebanjwe kwi-2009, idibanise abachaphazelekayo abavela kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo ukukhuthaza ukuhamba njengesalathisi soluntu oluzinzileyo, olunempilo kunye nokubonisa iinzuzo zezixeko ezinokuhamba ekujonganeni. imo iyatshintsha²².

Ikhuthazwe yile mizekelo yehlabathi, iVancouver iyaqhubeka nokuphucula ukuhamba kwayo ngezicwangciso zoyilo lwedolophu kunye namanyathelo aqhutywa luluntu. Ngokulungelelanisa nokusebenzisa izifundo ezifunyenwe kwiiprojekthi eziyimpumelelo zokuhamba kwihlabathi liphela, iVancouver ijolise ekuqiniseni isidima sayo njengeparadesi yabahambi ngeenyawo kunye nemodeli yophononongo oluzinzileyo lwedolophu.²¹²².

"Ukuzibophelela kweVancouver kuyilo oluhambahambayo lwedolophu kumisela umzekelo oqaqambileyo kwizixeko zehlabathi jikelele, kubonisa amandla enguqu kumanyathelo obuchule, aqhutywa luluntu."

Njengoko iVancouver iqhubeka nokuvela, abacwangcisi bayo basezidolophini kunye nabaqulunqi bemigaqo-nkqubo bahlala bezinikele ekufundeni kwezona ndlela zibalaseleyo zehlabathi kunye nokuphindaphinda impumelelo yeentshatsheli zokuhamba kwihlabathi liphela. Ngale ndlela yentsebenziswano, isixeko sikulungele ukumilisela iwonga laso njengenyaniso ukuhlola idolophu kwaye ukhenketho oluzinzileyo kuyo²¹²².

IVancouver, edume njengesixeko esinokuhanjwa, iphambili ekwamkeleni iintsingiselo zekamva kuyilo lwasezidolophini. Itekhnoloji ekhulayo ilungele ukomeleza ngakumbi ukuhamba edolophini, ukusuka kwiinkqubo zetrafikhi ezikrelekrele ukuya kwiindawo ezisebenzisanayo zoluntu.²³. Izenzo ezizinzileyo kuphuhliso lwedolophu luyaqhubeka nokuvela, ukuqingqa uqikelelo lwembonakalo yedolophu yeVancouver yexesha elizayo. Isixeko simi kwindawo efanelekileyo yokugcina ubunkokeli baso ekudaleni iindawo ezihlala iidolophu ezihlala abantu, ezilungele abahambi ngeenyawo²³.

Itekhnoloji entsha isetelwe ukuguqula indlela abantu abahamba ngayo kunye nokunxibelelana nembonakalo yedolophu eVancouver.²³. Iimpawu ze-Smart traffic kunye idatha yexesha lokwenyani Uhlalutyo luya kwandisa ukuhamba kwabahambi ngeenyawo, ngelixa iindawo zoluntu ezisebenzisanayo ziya kukhuthaza ukuzibandakanya ngakumbi kunye nokuhlola ngeenyawo.²³. Ezi nkqubela phambili ziza kudibana ngaphandle komthungo kwiziseko ezingundoqo zesixeko, ziphucula amava ewonke kubahlali neendwendwe ngokufanayo.

Uzinzo luphambili kumbono woyilo lwedolophu yaseVancouver. Isixeko samkela uthotho lwamanyathelo alungele ukuphilisana kwendalo, ukusuka kuyilo olulungele imvula olufana ne-awnings kunye nekhusi ukuya ekudityanisweni kwezindlu zangasese zikawonke-wonke kunye namacandelo ezitalato ahamba ngeenyawo.²³. Ezi zenzo zozinzo aziyi kuba negalelo kumhlaba wedolophu oluhlaza kuphela kodwa ziya kudala indawo ekhululekileyo nefikelelekayo kubahambi ngeenyawo.

Njengoko iVancouver iqhubeka nokuvela, ubume bedolophu yedolophu buqikelelwa ukuba bunotshintsho olukhulu²³. Ukuhamba kunye nokuhamba kulindeleke ukuba kube ziindlela eziphambili zokuhamba, kunye nokuphunyezwa kohambo olukhawulezayo olungaphantsi komhlaba, iindlela zebhasi ezikhawulezayo, kunye nokubanakho kwenkqubo yesitrato.²³. Isixeko sikwamiselwe ukuphelisa ubuncinci beemfuno zokupaka, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezibonelelwa kakuhle zizithuthi zikawonke-wonke, ukukhuthaza ukushenxa ekusetyenzisweni kwezithuthi zabucala.²³.

Ukuzibophelela kweVancouver kukhenketho oluzinzileyo kunye nophononongo lwasezidolophini luya komelezwa ngakumbi yile mizila yoyilo lwedolophu.²⁴. Izitalato zesixeko ezidlamkileyo, ezilungele abahambi ngeenyawo, ezinje ngeCommercial Drive kunye neSitalato esiMain, ziya kuqhubeka zikhula, zibonisa iingenelo zokusingqongileyo okuhambahambayo edolophini.²⁴. Njengoko iVancouver yamkela ikamva, indawo yayo yasezidolophini ikulungele ukuba yindawo enomtsalane ngakumbi kubahlali kunye neendwendwe ngokufanayo.

"Izitrato ezinkulu ziphawulwa ngeempawu zoyilo ezinje ngeebhentshi, iipaki ezikufuphi, izakhiwo ezinobungakanani obufanayo, iindledlana zeenyawo, iifacade ezinomdla, iifestile ezimema ukujongwa, ii-boulevards ezininzi, iindawo zokumisa, kunye imithi. "²⁴

IVancouver ibonelela ngobutyebi bamathuba okuba abahlali bazibandakanye kwiinzame zocwangciso lwedolophu eziqhubekayo. Ukusuka kwiiforam zasekuhlaleni kunye neendibano zocweyo ukuya kumaqela athethela asekuhlaleni kunye nentsebenziswano ngokuthe ngqo nabayili basezidolophini, kukho iindlela ezininzi zoluntu zokuba negalelo ekubumbeni ikamva lesi sixeko sihambahambayo.²⁵.

Isixeko sihlala sibamba iiforam ezahlukeneyo zoluntu kunye neendibano zocweyo, sibonelela ngamaqonga abemi ukuba babelane ngezimvo zabo, iinkxalabo zabo, kunye nengxelo malunga nedolophu. iiprojekthi zophuhliso. Ezi seshoni ezisebenzisanayo zivumela abahlali ukuba baphembelele ngokuthe ngqo inkqubo yokwenziwa kwezigqibo, beqinisekisa ukuba amazwi abo ayaviwa ekuveleni kweVancouver edlamkileyo kwaye.²⁵²⁶ inkcubeko yendawo kunye²⁵ edolophini²⁶ ukuhlola.

Imibutho emininzi ephantsi eVancouver yintshatsheli yeenkalo ezahlukeneyo zokucwangciswa kwedolophu, ukusuka kubuchule kunye nozinzo ukuya kugcino lwelifa kunye noyilo lwendawo yoluntu. Ngokuzimanya nala maqela oluntu asekuhlaleni, abahlali banokunika inkxaso, ubuchule, kunye nothando lwabo kumanyathelo ahambelanayo.²⁵ igxile kuluntu²⁶ imibono yesixeko.

Isebe locwangciso lwedolophu lesixeko lisebenzisana ngokukhutheleyo noluntu ngothethwano olwahlukeneyo kunye neenkqubo zokuphononongwa koluntu. Ngokuzimasa ezi seshoni, abahlali banokunxibelelana ngokuthe ngqo neengcali ezibumba iVancouver's²⁵ ulwalamano nosapho²⁵ kwaye²⁶ abahambi ngeenyawo-friendly²⁵ imbonakalo yedolophu, enikezela ngezimvo zabo kunye nengxelo ukwazisa umkhombandlela wexa elizayo wesixeko.

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2. Isicwangciso SeVancouver—Kumamela Abamelwane Okanye Akukho Bantu? (IiNgxoxo zesiXeko Akukho Mnye Une#16, uBrian Palmquist) - https://cityhallwatch.wordpress.com/2021/11/24/palmquist-vancouver-plan-listening-to-whom/
3. Iprojekthi iMUSE – Izinto ezenzekayo e I-Urbanism eZinzileyo - https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/163/oa_monograph/chapter/3391002
4. Amabhaso okuCwangcisa ngokuGqwesileyo – iZiko labaCwangcisi laseKhanada (CIP) – https://www.cip-icu.ca/awards-for-planning-excellence/
5. Amabali embali yaseVancouver, WA - https://www.visitvancouverwa.com/blog/post/history-tidbits/
6. Kutyhilwe iVancouver: Uhambo lokutyhutyha ubumelwane bayo boMfanekiso- https://www.greatrail.com/the-journey-blog/2024/march/vancouver-unveiled-a-journey-through-its-iconic-neighborhoods/?srsltid=AfmBOopwtlAOOSY2boQa8AtlHvu4ZVWq0_xwHaWZpBNSJJDwxygJNLqj
7. Ukutyhilwa kweVancouver: Uhambo lokutyhutyha imimangaliso yaseDolophini kunye neGems efihlakeleyo- https://www.peek.com/vancouver-british-columbia-canada/r0r6yg/unveiling-vancouver-a-journey-through-urban-wonders-and-hidden-gems/ar0y99jpe
8. PDF - https://vancouver.ca/files/cov/bright-green-future.pdf
9. Iimpawu zeVancouver: Apho i-Urban Chic idibana nobuhle basendle | thiscityknows.com - https://www.thiscityknows.com/vancouver-canada-history/
10. Iimoto zesitalato kunye nokuzenzekela-uThutho lwaBantu- https://humantransit.org/2010/04/streetcars-and-spontaneity.html
11. ukucinga ngezixeko ngaphandle kokushukumiseka-UThutho loLuntu- https://humantransit.org/2011/03/imagining-cities-without-mobility.html
12. UKhenketho lokuHamba lweVancouver lokugqibela lokuZikhokelayo-Hamba ixeshana nam- https://walkawhilewithme.com/vancouver-walking-tour/
13. Uphononongo olumangalisayo eVancouver | Inqaku – CityExplorer.io | IsiXeko sakho esigqibeleleyo kunye nesiKhokelo sokuHamba- https://www.cityexplorer.io/articles/exploration-wonders-in-vancouver/1a99b5b8-1d50-448e-afec-f2d7d9ae5a01_signed_
14. Incwadi yee-Abstracts_20220824.indd - https://adk.elsevierpure.com/files/69412456/Book_of_Abstracts_20220824rd.pdf
15. UbuGcisa neNkcubeko: iiMyuziyam kunye neeGalari eziya kuNdwendwela eVancouver - https://ywcavan.org/hotel/vancouver/art-and-culture-museums-and-galleries-visit-vancouver
16. UKhenketho lokuHamba: Imizobo yaseDowntown Vancouver USA - https://www.visitvancouverwa.com/blog/post/walking-tour-murals/
17. Intshukumo yemozulu kuhambo lwasezidolophini: utshintsho lomntu kunye nezopolitiko | Izakhiwo kunye nezixeko- https://journal-buildingscities.org/articles/10.5334/bc.249
18. Ucwangciso lwedolophu, izowuni ezinzileyo, kunye nophuhliso – https://vancouver.ca/home-property-development/planning-zoning-development.aspx
19. Hamba nam eVancouver, BC, Khanada | Umgadi ohambahambayo- https://travelinggardener.com/walk-with-me-in-vancouver-bc-canada/
20. Ukwakha isixeko esisithandayo- https://vancouver.ca/people-programs/building-a-city-we-love.aspx
21. Yintoni i-Tactical Urbanism? Imizekeliso emi-4 kunye nophononongo lweZihlo eziphononongiweyo – https://onekeyresources.milwaukeetool.com/en/tactical-urbanism
22. Moncton Case Study- https://greencommunitiescanada.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/Moncton_Case_Study.pdf
23. Ikamva lokuhamba leVancouver: ngaphezulu kwayo yonke into ngaphandle kokuqhuba - https://francesbula.com/uncategorized/vancouvers-travel-future-more-of-everything-except-driving/
24. Izitrato 'ezikhulu' zaseVancouver: ICafé-cultured I-Drive igqwesileyo kuluhlu - https://vancouversun.com/opinion/columnists/vancouvers-great-streets-commercial-drive-broadway-robson
25. Izifundo ezivela eVancouver- https://denverinfill.com/2010/06/lessons-from-vancouver.html
26. ULingelo lwe-Alley elityelweyo ibonelela ngeNdlela eya kumabhongo ohlaza eVancouver- https://www.planetizen.com/node/64279