Abacwaningi abavela eSouth Korea Badalula Ukuthi Ubulili Bukha Kanjani Imibono Yokuphepha Ezindaweni Zokupaka Zasemadolobheni
Indlela Ubulili Obubumba Ngayo Imibono Yokuphepha Ezindaweni Zokupaka Zasemadolobheni
Wake wazizwa ungakhululekile endaweni yokupaka ekhanya kalufifi?
Abaphenyi ku- I-Seoul National University of Science and Technology (SEOULTECH), eNingizimu Korea bathole indlela yasemadolobheni design kuthonya umuzwa wethu wokuphepha—nokuthi kungani amadoda nabesifazane bekuthola ngendlela ehlukile.
Using virtual reality, they found that men feel safer with open views while women prioritise reducing blind spots and having protective barriers. These insights could transform how cities design public spaces and add to the growing conversation on gender-responsive urban planning.
Men and women have different priorities and concerns regarding visibility in urban spaces
Ucwaningo olulinganiselwe luphenye umehluko oqondene nobulili emibonweni yokubonakala nokukhathazeka ngobugebengu ezindaweni zokupaka i-piloti phakathi kwezindawo zokuhlala eziyimindeni eminingi. Besebenzisa into engekho ngokoqobo, abacwaningi abavela eNingizimu Korea bathola ukuthi ukubonakala okucatshangwayo kunciphisa ukukhathazeka kobugebengu kwabesilisa nabesifazane ngendlela ehlukile. Amadoda ayethanda imibono engenazihibe, futhi abesifazane babeka phambili imigoqo esobala futhi benciphisa izindawo ezingaboni ngaso linye, begqamisa isidingo sezindawo zasemadolobheni ezisabela ubulili ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha.
Multifamily residential buildings with multiple floors are common in South Korea. These buildings usually have pilotis—support structures like pillars that elevate the building, creating an open ground floor generally used for parking vehicles. These piloti parking spaces are often risky to navigate for pedestrians and residents due to limited visibility, unclear boundaries between adjacent areas, and poor management. For instance, these spaces have blind spots that criminals could exploit, which induces fear among people.
Nakuba amasu okuklama okusekelwe ebufakazini angathuthukisa ukuphepha kwedolobha, izifundo ezimbalwa zihlole ubudlelwano phakathi kwemiklamo yezakhiwo yezindawo zokupaka ze-piloti, ukubonakala okubonakalayo, nokukhathazeka ngobugebengu. Ngokukhula kobugebengu obusekelwe ebulilini, kubalulekile futhi ukuqonda ukuthi ubulili buyithonya kanjani lezi zinguquko.
Kulokhu, ithimba labacwaningi elihlanganisa uMsizi uSolwazi So Yeon Park waseSikoleni se Architecture eSeoul National University of Science and Technology, eSouth Korea, uSolwazi Gisung Han ovela eKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, uMsizi onguProfesa Jee Heon Rhee, eNyuvesi yaseGachon, kanye noSolwazi. U-Kyung Hong Lee wase-Korea University uphenye ukuthi ukuhlelwa kwezakhiwo okuhlukile kwezindawo zokupaka i-piloti nemigwaqo ezungezile kube nomthelela kanjani ekubonakaleni nokwesaba ubugebengu phakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane.
Izithombe ezinhle kakhulu zikaDkt. Park,
“Siphakamisa namasu okuklama okuthuthukisa i- imvelo wezindawo zokupaka ama-piloti kanye nokunciphisa ukwesaba kwabasebenzisi ubugebengu.”
The study was made available online on November 15, 2024, in the journal Imingcele Yocwaningo Lwezakhiwo.
Abacwaningi basebenzisa i-virtual reality (VR) ukuze benze ukuhlolwa kokulingisa nabahlanganyeli abangu-85. Badale izimo ezingama-28 ezinokungena okuhlukile, umngcele, ukwakheka, nokulungiswa kokukhanyisa. Umhlanganyeli ngamunye uzulazule ezimeni ezine kanye nohlu lwemibuzo olugcwalisiwe oluhlanganiswe endaweni ebonakalayo ukuze kuhlolwe ukubonakala okubonakalayo nokuphepha.
“Ngokuvumelana nezifundo zangaphambilini, ukubonakala okubonakalayo kwehlisa kakhulu ukwesaba ubugebengu kubo bobabili ubulili. Kodwa-ke, amadoda nabesifazane babeka phambili izici ezihlukene zokubonakala,” kusho uDkt. Park.
Kwabesilisa, noma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka ekubukeni kwabo okuzungezile kube nomthelela omubi ekubonakaleni kwabo. Kwabesifazane, izici zezakhiwo ezifana nezindonga neminyango eseceleni, okudala izindawo ezingaboni, kube nomthelela omubi ekubonakaleni kwabo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi abesifazane bebekhathazeke kakhulu ngezinsongo ezingalindelekile endaweni eseduze kunokuba babe nombono ocacile wendawo ebazungezile.
Ngokungafani namadoda, abesifazane babebeka phambili izici zezakhiwo ezinikeza kokubili ukubonakala nokuphepha. Babona uthango olusobala hhayi njengemigoqo ebonakalayo kodwa njengemingcele yendawo phakathi kwezikhala eziseduze nemigoqo ebonakalayo enikeza ukuvikeleka kuyilapho ivumela abesifazane ukuba baqaphe indawo ebazungezile. Ngokufanayo, uthango lwezitshalo lube nomthelela wokudambisa owanciphisa ukukhathazeka kobugebengu phakathi kwabesifazane.
Imilando yomuntu siqu nayo yalolonga ukwesaba ubugebengu. Nakuba okuhlangenwe nakho kwamadoda kokuhlala ezindlini ezinemindeni eminingi kunciphisa ukukhathazeka kwabo ngobugebengu, okuhlangenwe nakho kwabesifazane kokuhlukunyezwa kwandise ukukhathazeka kwabo ngobugebengu.
Ngakho-ke, abaklami bezakhiwo kanye nabahleli bedolobha kumele baqinisekise idizayini ezwela ubulili ukuze bakhe izindawo zasemadolobheni eziphephile, ezibandakanya wonke umuntu. UDkt Park uyagcizelela,
“Ukuklama amasu afana nokubonakala okungenazihibe kunganciphisa ukukhathazeka ngobugebengu phakathi kwabesilisa, kuyilapho ukuba nothango lwezihlahla olusobala noma olunebude obuphansi kanye nokunciphisa izindawo ezingaboni kunganciphisa ukwesaba kwabesifazane futhi kwandise ukugadwa.”
Ngethemba, le mininingwane izoqondisa imizamo yomhlaba wonke ekufakeni izindlela ezintsha ezifana ne-VR ekuhleleni amadolobha nokudala amadolobha aphephile abo bonke ubulili.
***
Izikhombo
Isihloko sephepha lokuqala: Ukungafani kobulili ekubonakaleni okubonakalayo kanye nokukhathazeka ngobugebengu ezindaweni zokupaka i-piloti zezindlu zemindeni eminingi: Ucwaningo lwamaqiniso angokoqobo.
Imizwa: Imingcele Yocwaningo Lwezakhiwo
I-DOI: 10.1016/j.foar.2024.09.005
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