Vavaki Vepamusoro Veimba Dzisina Kugadzikana muSpain
Vavaki Vepamusoro Veimba Dzisina Kugadzikana muSpain
Spain has a growing number of Passive House builders, from specialised firms to construction companies that offer passive homes and buildings as one of their services, to architects who design and build with their chosen partners.
“With summers becoming almost unbearably hot in some areas of Spain, being able to live in a passive house is more desirable than ever.” Jackie De Burca
Dzimba dzekugara muSpain dzinodiwa panguva yezhizha rinopisa
Tsvaga nyaya ine nhoroondo inonakidza muindasitiri yesimbi, iyo nhasi iri musha wechivakwa chePassive House chakareba kupfuura zvose pasi rose, pamwe chete nezvivakwa zve prefab zvakakodzera kugara kwemunhu mumwe nemumwe kana nzvimbo dzekuzororera uye kuungana kwemapoka. Pakati peizvi, tine mienzaniso yakasiyana-siyana yevavaki vePassive House vanonakidza nemapurojekiti avo akapararira muSpain yese.
Vavaki vedzimba vasingashande muSpain Eco Vida
Makambani ane hunyanzvi akadai seWoodville (prefab) uye vagadziri vezvivakwa kuLeukos akitekicha to large developers creating certified multi-family social housing, with key players including the Plataforma Edificación Passivhaus (PEP), and companies like Dzimba dzeEco Vida kubatsira nekuvaka kwakaoma, kutarisa pakuchengetedza simba guru, kusava nemhepo, uye masisitimu anoshanda zvakanaka se solar PV, zvinowanzoonekwa mumapurojekiti matsva muZaragoza, Madrid, neBalearics.
Zviri Mukati
Vavaki veSpain Passive House Key Vavaki & Vagadziri:
Woodville: offers prefabricated, sustainable, low-impact passive houses in Spain.
VArquitectos: vakagadzira chivakwa chePassivehaus chakareba kupfuura zvose pasi rose - Bolueta Towers muBilbao, vachichinja chivakwa cheindasitiri yesimbi kuita dzimba dzevanhu.
Magadzirirwo eLeukos: is a firm of certified architects specialising in designing Passivhaus certified buildings.
Dzimba dzeEco Vida: inotarisa pakuvaka zvinogara kwenguva refu, kusanganisira misimboti isingashande, kunyangwe pavhu rakaoma, rekumaruwa.
Duque naZamora: focuses on sensitive architecture: buildings that respond to the place (sun, wind, vegetation, views, topography) and aim for comfort + health indoors, not just lower bills.
Zvivako Zvisingaperi zvePraxis: chiri ouinjiniya and consultancy practice. With their partners, they help create healthy, low-carbon, high-performance, comfortable buildings with excellent air quality and near-zero energy consumption that continue to perform under extreme climate conditions
VArquitectos
VArquitectos inzira yekuvaka nekugadzira zvinhu iyo inowanzo gara iri pedyo nedivi re "nyika chaiyo" yekuvaka: kutungamira vatengi kubva pakutanga kwekufunga kuburikidza nekuronga, kuendesa zvinhu zvehunyanzvi, uye (kana zvichidikanwa) manejimendi yakazara yepurojekiti.
chivakwa cheimba chisingashande muSpain, nerubatsiro rweVArquitectos
Vanobatanidza rekodhi refu restudio rine hunyanzvi hwekugadzira zvinhu zvinobudirira uye kutumira zvinhu zvePassivhaus mumhando dzakasiyana dzezvivakwa—basa rakavaisa kumashure kwezvirongwa zvekutanga zvePassive House muSpain.
Bolueta Towers
Chinonyanya kuzivikanwa pasi rose inhamba #361 Bolueta (Bolueta Tower / Bolueta Towers) muBilbao: chivakwa chedzimba dzevanhu chine dzimba 361 chakagadzirwa sezvivakwa zviviri—chimwe chine nhurikidzwa makumi maviri nemasere chine dzimba 171 uye chechipiri chine nhurikidzwa makumi maviri nerimwe chine dzimba 190. VArquitectos vakakunda mumakwikwi ezvivakwa zviviri zvekutanga muna 2012, uye mutengi wacho akabva akurudzira shanduko huru mukushanda kwesimba, izvo zvakaita kuti vafambire mberi kuPassivhaus standard.
Bolueta Towers yakapihwa neVArquitectos
What makes the “tower” part especially notable is that it hit Passivhaus at true high-rise scale: the first tower reached around 88 metres and became (at the time of certification) the tallest Passivhaus-certified building. The technical story is the familiar Passivhaus one—but executed with high-rise discipline: a heavily-optimised envelope, aggressive thermal-bridge control, high-performance windows, and airtight construction paired with mechanical ventilation with heat recovery (the project team notes heat-recovery performance up to ~90%).
Uye ipapo ndipo pakaonekwa chitarisiko. VArquitectos vakanamira mundangariro yeBolueta yeindasitiri—marasha nesimbi zviri paNervión—vachishandisa façade yemapaneru ealuminium akagadzirwa nenzira "yakapwanyika" nemaune. Inotaridzika kunge isina kurongeka kubva kure, asi inodzorwa nematanho akamira saka vhoriyamu huru hainzwike seslab imwe chete isina kujeka padenga.
Woodville
Wahbi nerubatsiro rweWoodville
Picture yourself and your loved ones in a sustainable home surrounded by nature.
Woodville inomira yakakomberedza "Nyumba Dzinogara Zvakanaka": dzimba dzekugara dzemapuranga dzakagadzirwa kuti dzinyarare muzvisikwa, dzichinyanya kutarisa pakugara kusina simba rakawanda uye mukati makadzikama uye makachena. Pfungwa huru iri nyore—dzimba dzakavakwa nefekitori dzinosvika nekukurumidza, dzinokurumidza kugadzirwa, uye dzinonzwa sedzimba dzakakodzera kwete "kamba kechinguvana".
Sustainability and performance are a big part of the pitch: timber from certified forests, Passivhaus-led thinking, and optional setups that can push towards self-sufficiency (power, water and waste systems).
Add in structural insulating panels, biophilic design cues, and a protective outer metal skin designed to keep the timber structure performing well over time.
Wahbi nerubatsiro rweWoodville
Woodville Prefab Passivehouse Models
Nzvimbo dzeWoodville dzakarongwa mumhuri mbiri: wahbi (nzvimbo diki, "nzvimbo dzekugara / dzekugamuchira vaenzi") uye mohma (nzvimbo dzakakura, nzvimbo dzakareba, uye nzvimbo dzakawanda dzekugara "dzimba huru / nzvimbo refu").
mamodheru eWahbi (Compact / Standard / Premium)
Funga nezve wahbi senzira inoshanda-yeumbozha—marongero ari nyore, anokurumidza kuiswa, akakodzera nzvimbo dzekugara dzezvisikwa, dzimba dzevaenzi, kana nzvimbo yechipiri isinganyanyi kukosha.
wahbi Compact (kubva pa€35,800)
Nzvimbo inogarika: 24.18 m²
Saizi: 6.2 mx 3.9 mx 3.1 m
Kugona: 2 vanhu
Hunhu hwakanaka, hwakachena, hwemukamuri rehotera: hudiki, hwakachena, uye husina zvinhu zvakawanda nemaune.
wahbi Standard
Nzvimbo inogarika: 34.1 m²
Saizi: 8.8 mx 3.9 mx 3.1 m
Kugona: vanhu 2–4
wahbi Standard kubva kuWoodville
Nzvimbo yekufema yakawanda uku uchigara uri nyore uye wakasununguka—hupenyu huri nyore, pasina matambudziko.
wahbi Premium (kubva pa€45,100)
Nzvimbo inogarika: 43.9 m²
Saizi: 11.2 mx 3.9 mx 3.1 m
Kugona: vanhu 4–8
Yakavakwa kuti igone kuchinjika—nzvimbo yakawanda, sarudzo dzakawanda, uye zviri nyore kushandisa pamapurani makuru.
mohma modhi (Compact / Standard / Premium)
Mohma ndiyo pfungwa yakakura—nzvimbo refu yemukati uye kunzwa "kugadzikana zvakanaka". Izvi zvinoita sedzimba dzekuzorora kwaunogona kugara kwenguva yakareba, kugamuchira vanhu, uye kuramba uchichengetedza mamiriro acho ezvinhu ane mhepo, ekuzorora.
mohma Compact (kubva pa€55,000)
Nzvimbo inogarika: 20.4 m²
Saizi: 5.1 mx 4 mx 4.6 m
Kugona: vanhu 2–4
Nzvimbo diki ine pfungwa yakakura yenzvimbo nekuda kwekukwirira kwayo.
mohma Standard (kubva pa€68,000)
Nzvimbo inogarika: 32.8 m²
Saizi: 8.2 mx 4 mx 4.6 m
Kugona: vanhu 4–6
Nzvimbo yepakati inochinjika—inogona kushandiswa nemhuri, vaenzi, kana kugara kwenguva refu.
mohma Premium (kubva pa €79,500)
Nzvimbo inogarika: 45.0 m²
Saizi: 11.2 mx 4 mx 4.6 m
Kugona: vanhu 6–8
Yakagadzirirwa pekugara pakuru—nzvimbo yekuwedzera yevaenzi, basa, mangwanani anononoka, uye nguva yakakodzera yekuzorora.
Cherechedza: mitengo yakanyorwa senhamba "kubva", uye mitero haibatanidzwi.
Dzimba dzeEco Vida
Eco Vida Homes istudio yekugadzira nekuvaka inoshanda muSpain yese, inozivikanwa zvikuru nekubatsira vatengi vekunze kugadzira dzimba dzemazuva ano, dzinoshandisa simba shoma pasina matambudziko anowanzoitwa nekuvaka kunze kwenyika.
Maitiro eimba yakagadzirwa kare yakagadzirwa nerubatsiro rweEco Vida Homes
Zvinosanganisa magadzirirwo ezvivakwa, kuendesa zvinhu zvehunyanzvi, uye manejimendi yemapurojekiti anoshanda, zvichinyanya kusimbisa kutaurirana kwakajeka uye kuchengetedza bhajeti nenguva zviri pasi pekutonga.
Vanonongedzerawo kune mitemo yehunyanzvi kuburikidza neRoyal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS) sechikamu chevimbiso yavanopa vatengi.
Chinangwa chepurojekiti: Naiara & Simon's Dream Home muMadrid
Chivako ichi cheMadrid muenzaniso wakanaka weEco Vida Homes ichishanda nemutengi anotoziva indasitiri iyi. Varidzi vedzimba ndiNaiara Vegara (mugadziri wezvivakwa akaberekerwa kuMadrid) nemurume wake, Simon Mawdsley, vanovaka muFuente del Fresno, kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweMadrid.
Dzimba dzakagadzirwa kare muSpain - nerubatsiro rweEco Vida Homes
Kunyangwe vaine ruzivo rwaNaiara, vaida chokwadi pamusoro pekuti ivhu rinokwanisa kuraramisa sei, zvipingamupinyi zvekuronga, uye bhajeti rechokwadi vasati vazvipira zvizere—saka Eco Vida Homes yakapindira nekunyatsoongorora purazi racho, ikatarisa hurongwa nevakuru vemunharaunda, uye modhi yebhajeti yekutsigira sarudzo yacho.
Nekuda kwekugadzira, Naiara yakaisa imba ine runyararo, inogarika: chiedza, inoyerera, uye "isina nzvimbo isina chinhu," ine pekugara pakavhurika, magadzirirwo emunhu, uye kubatana kwakasimba mukati nekunze (kusanganisira terasi ine mumvuri uye madziro egirazi anodzoreka anovhura imba kuenda kubindu).
Kubva kuEco Vida Homes
Basa reEco Vida Homes raive rekushandura pfungwa iyoyo kuita chokwadi chinovakwa—kudhirowa kwehunyanzvi/kushanda, kunyorera marezenisi, kutevedzera mitemo nehurongwa hwehurumende, pamwe nekutarisira kwakazara kwepurojekiti nenzvimbo dzekutarisa dzakarongwa pamwedzi (kusanganisira kutevedza kufambira mberi uye kuongororwa kwemitengo).
Where it gets really interesting is performance. Madrid swings hard between winter cold and summer heat, so the project leans on Passive House principles (without chasing certification): solar orientation, serious insulation, airtightness, and mechanical ventilation with heat recovery.
Wedzerai zvinhu zvinodziya/zvinotonhodza pasi pevhu, mapaneru emagetsi, uye pombi yekupisa, uye chinangwa chacho ndechekunyaradzana “kwakada kugadzikana”—tembiricha dzakagadzikana uye mhepo yakachena yakaseferwa, pasina kunzwa imba yakavharwa kubva pakugara panze.
Duque naZamora
Casa Entreencinas
Kubva kuna Duque naZamora
Duque naZamora istudio yekuSpain yakavambwa muna 2009 naAlicia Zamora naIván G. Duque. Chinhu chavo chose ndechekuvakwa kwezvivakwa zvinonzwisisika: zvivakwa zvinopindura nzvimbo yacho (zuva, mhepo, zvinomera, maonero, nzvimbo) uye zvinovavarira kunyaradzwa + hutano mukati, kwete kungoderedza mari chete.
In practice, they work at the intersection of three pillars: bioclimatic design, the Passivhaus standard, and bioconstruction (low-impact, healthy materials).
Ndosaka mapurojekiti avo mazhinji asingangoiti "zvakanaka" papepa chete - akagadzirirwa kunzwa akadzikama, akadzikama, uye achifema muhupenyu chaihwo.
Chinangwa cheProjekiti: Casa EntreEncinas
Heino muenzaniso wakanaka webasa ravo:
Casa Entreencinas yakabva kuna Duque naZamora
Casa EntreEncinas is one of those projects that feels calm the moment you look at it. The property looks perfectly placed in its environment.
Inogara mukati Villanueva de Pría muAsturias, on a sloping plot dotted with oak trees. And instead of doing the usual developer move (flatten the site, fight the landscape, pretend the trees are an inconvenience), Duque and Zamora lean into what’s already there.
Imba yacho yakarongwa zvekuti chikamu chayo chinopinda mugomo, ine nhurikidzwa mbiri pamusoro. Izvi zvinoita zvinhu zviviri panguva imwe chete: zvinoita kuti chivako chionekwe chakanyarara muchimiro chenzvimbo, uye zvinobatsira kushanda zvakanaka nekuti uri kuderedza huwandu hwemba hunobatwa nemhepo nechando.
“This house was built according to bioclimatic principles, the result of a quest for a self-sufficient dwelling whose design integrates, on the one hand, the energy efficiency concepts of the Passivhaus standard, and on the other, bioclimatic architecture, guaranteeing a nearly zero-energy building, as well as the principles of bioclimatic construction, which require the use of materials and building systems with low environmental impact.” Duque and Zamora
Iyi studio ine nzira yakajeka yekushanda: shandisa mamiriro ekunze nemazvo, gadzira zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa nemazvo, uye tora zvinhu zvakakomba - kwete chete pakuchengetedza kabhoni, asiwo pahutano hwemukati. Casa EntreEncinas muenzaniso wakanaka wezvose zvitatu.
Casa Entreencinas yakabva kuna Duque naZamora
Kana wakambogara kuchamhembe kweSpain, uchaona kuti nzvimbo yekuchengetera mifananidzo ine magirazi echinyakare ichokwadi — haisi sarudzo yefashoni, asi mhinduro yemamiriro ekunze. Pano, vanodzosa pfungwa iyoyo, asi vanoishandisa sechishandiso.
Kurutivi rwekumaodzanyemba kweimba yepamusoro, kune gallery yakazara inoita senzvimbo inochengetedza mwaka. Muchando inogona kuunganidza zuva uye kubvisa mucheto kubva kuchando. Muchirimo nemumatsutso inova nzvimbo yekugara yakawedzerwa. Muzhizha, kana yakavhurwa uye yafefeterwa nemhepo zvakanaka, inochinja zvakare - yakaita semucheto une mumvuri wemba pane bhokisi regirazi rakavharwa.
Iyi ndeimwe yemabasa anoita seari nyore, asi ari kuita zvakawanda. Izvi zvinotiyeuchidzawo kuti "dhizaini inoenderera mberi" hazvirevi nguva dzose kugadzira chimwe chinhu chitsva. Dzimwe nguva zvinoreva kushandisa izvo vanhu vagara vachiziva munharaunda - kungova neruzivo rwakanaka uye mashandiro ari nani.
Kuita kwePassivhaus, pasina kunzwa kusinganzwisisike kwekusabereka
Imba yacho yakagadzirwa zvichienderana nekushanda zvakanaka kwePassivhaus, zvichireva kuti chivakwa chacho chakavakirwa pamadziro akasimba ekupisa, kusapinda kwemhepo zvakanyanya, uye magirazi akasarudzwa kuderedza kurasikirwa nekupisa. Vimbiso huru yemaitiro iwayo iri nyore: imba haifanirwe kuda simba rakawanda kuti igare yakasununguka.
Uye kunyaradzwa ndiro shoko rinokosha. Kwete "kuchengetedza mari" (kunyangwe zvichibatsira), uye kwete "kukoshesa chitupa." Kunyaradzwa sezviri mu: tembiricha yakagadzikana, makona asina mvura, nzvimbo shoma dzinotonhora, uye mhepo yemukati isinganzwike seyakasakara.
Kufefetera kwemuchina pamwe nekudzoreredza kupisa ndechimwe chezvikonzero izvozvo. Zvinonzwika sezvehunyanzvi, asi chiitiko chehupenyu chakajairika: mhepo itsva inopinda isina kuburitsa kupisa kwako kwese nepahwindo. Kana zvaitwa zvakanaka, unorega kuzviona - ndiyo pfungwa chaiyo.
Solar thermal supports hot water (and can give heating support too), and there’s a practical, grown-up attitude to water: rainwater collection and on-site wastewater treatment. That’s the kind of detail that doesn’t show up in a quick Instagram scroll, but it matters if we’re serious about what “sustainable” means.
Zvinhu: hazvingoshandi chete, asi zvine hutano
Apa ndipo panonyanya kunakidza Casa EntreEncinas kupfuura "imba inoshanda zvakanaka".
There’s timber construction, natural insulation choices like cork, and finishes like lime render that suit the region and fit a more breathable approach. There’s also a green roof, which helps with rainwater, microclimate, and resilience.
Casa Entreencinas yakabva kuna Duque naZamora
Mukati, sarudzo dzezvinhu zvemukati dzinosiyana nedzekugadzira, dzine chepfu yakawanda iyo ichiri kutonga muzvivakwa zvemazuva ano. Mafurati echisikigo akadai sematombo nebamboo anowanikwa, uye kunyange zvisarudzo zvidiki - sekudzivisa PVC muzvivakwa zvakapfava - zvinokuudza kuti izvi zvaisangova zvekusvika pahuwandu hwesimba chete. Zvaive zvekugadzira imba yakareruka pasi rose uye ine hunyoro hwekugara mairi.
Chikonzero nei chirongwa ichi chakakodzera kutariswa
"Dzimba zhinji dzekuchengetedza nharaunda" dzinopedzisira dzaita sedziri kuedza kuratidza pfungwa. Casa EntreEncinas haidaro. Haisi kupopota. Inongoonekwa zvakanaka.
Inoshanda nepanzvimbo yakatenuka. Inoremekedza miti yemiouki. Inoshandisa pfungwa yenzvimbo (gallery) sedhizaini chaiyo yemamiriro ekunze. Uye yakavakwa zvinoenderana nekushanda kwayo kunoita kuti nyaradzo ive chinhu chakajairika, kwete chimwe chinhu chaunomhanyisa uchishandisa zvinodzora kupisa.
Kana uchitsvaga muenzaniso wakajeka wekuti Passivhaus ne bioconstruction zvinopindirana sei nenzira ichiri kutaridzika seimba chaiyo - iyi ndiyo imba yacho.
Zvivako Zvisingaperi zvePraxis
Praxis Resilient Buildings inyanzvi yeinjiniya uye yekupa mazano, iri muBarcelona, Spain. Praxis inobatsira kugadzira zvivakwa zvine hutano, zvinoshandisa kabhoni shoma, zvinoshanda zvakanyanya, uye zvinonyaradza zvine mhepo yakanaka uye kushandiswa kwesimba kusingade kushandiswa zvakanyanya izvo zvinoramba zvichishanda mumamiriro ekunze akaipisisa.
Vanobatsira vatengi vavo kuderedza zvakanyanya mitengo kabhoni kushandisa zvinhu zvinogona kushandiswazve, zvine hutano uye masisitimu ekudziya, kutonhodza, mvura inopisa uye mafefetesheni anoshanda zvakanaka.
Praxis akashanda padzimba dzekuchengeta vakwegura dzePassivehouse, dzimba dzemhuri dzakawanda uye mapurojekiti ekugara akawanda.
Semuyenzaniso, El Niu (Nest muchiCatalan) ndiyo yekutanga muAndorra ine zvitupa zvePassivhaus Plus ine dzimba dzakawanda., uye yakapihwa chitupa naOliver Style wePraxis Resilient Buildings, yakagadzirwa naLluis Lopez Castro wePropietats y Gestió, uye yakagadzirwa naAntoni Martí.
Kunze kweEl Niu kwakabva kuna Praxis Resilient Buildings
Vavaki veDzimba Vasingashande muSpain
Chinyorwa chino chinovandudzwa sezvatinowana vavaki vedzimba vakawanda muSpain vasinganyanyi kuita zvinhu zvakawanda.
Templeton inotora paPassive House misimboti - Constructive Voices
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