I-Biodiversity yaseCambodia: Izilwanyana kunye neZityalo zeZilwanyana kunye nento ephantsi kwengozi

IKhambodiya yaziwa ngoluhlu lwayo lweentlobo zezilwanyana kunye nezityalo, iyenza ibe a eziphilayo hotspot kuMzantsi-mpuma Asia. Eli lizwe likhaya lezilwanyana zasendle ezimangalisayo, eziquka iindlovu, iibhere, i<em>gaur, nezixhobo ezimangalisayo zekorale. Noko ke, ezi ntlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana zityebileyo zisengozini ngenxa yezinto ezahlukahlukeneyo.

• IKhambodiya izidla ngeentlobo ngeentlobo zezilwanyana nezityalo, nto leyo eyenza ibe yindawo enezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo.
• Izilwanyana zasendle eKhambodiya zijongene nezoyikiso ezinjengokugawulwa kwamahlathi, urhwebo lwezilwanyana zasendle olungekho mthethweni, izenzo zokuloba ezitshabalalisayo, kunye nophuhliso olungazinzanga.
• Conservation organizations like Izilwanyana kunye neFlora basebenza ngenkuthalo ukukhusela indalo yaseCambodia.
• USAID ibandakanyeka ekulondolozeni nasekulawuleni imithombo yendalo yaseCambodia, ukukhuthaza Uphuhliso oluphathekayo kunye nokukhusela iindawo ezikhuselweyo.
• WWF-Khambodiya igxile ekulondolozweni kweentlobo ngeentlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana kwi-Eastern Plains Landscape kwaye isebenzela ukuphuculwa ulawulo lwemithombo yendalo esekwe kuluntu.

With its remarkable biodiversity, Cambodia holds immense value in preserving and protecting its unique ecosystems for future generations. The ongoing efforts of conservation organizations and international collaborations are crucial in ensuring the sustainability and well-being of Cambodia’s wildlife and natural resources.

Ukuphonononga iiNdawo eziHotspots zeZilwanyana ezahlukeneyo zaseCambodia

IKhambodiya ineendawo ezininzi zezityalo nezilwanyana eziziintlobo ngeentlobo ezilikhaya lezilwanyana ezikhethekileyo nezisemngciphekweni wokuphela. Ezi ndawo zixhaphakileyo ziphawulwa ngobutyebi bazo bendalo kunye neendawo zokuhlala ezohlukeneyo, nto leyo ezenza zibaluleke kakhulu kulondolozo lwelifa lendalo laseCambodia. Abathandi bezilwanyana zasendle kunye nabathandi bendalo bayathontelana kwezi ndawo ukuze babone uthotho lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezikhula ngaphakathi kwemida yazo.

Enye yezo ndawo zishushu ziiNtaba zeCardamom, ezikumzantsi-ntshona weli lizwe. Olu dederhu lweentaba likhusi lezilwanyana zasendle, elinamahlathi ashinyeneyo nemilambo ecocekileyo. Likhaya lezilwanyana ezinqabileyo ezifana namahlosi agqunywe ngamafu, iindlovu zaseAsia kunye neebhere zelanga. Iintaba zeCardamom aziyondawo enezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo kuphela kodwa ikwayindawo yokugcina izilwanyana ezininzi ezisengozini.

Enye indawo edumileyo yiTonle Sap Lake, lelinye lawona machibi amakhulu anamanzi acocekileyo kuMzantsi-mpuma Asia. Ichibi kunye nemigxobhozo ejikelezileyo ixhasa iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo zasemanzini nezasemhlabeni. Ngumhlaba obalulekileyo wokufuya iintlanzi, ubonelela abantu basekuhlaleni ukuphila ubomi obutofotofo. Ichibi iTonle Sap ikwayindawo ebalulekileyo yokumisa iintaka ezifudukayo, etsala ababukeli beentaka abavela kwihlabathi jikelele.

IPrek Toal Core Bird Reserve, emi kunxweme olukumntla-ntshona weTonle Sap Lake, ngumzekelo obalaseleyo wendawo ezinikele ekulondolozweni kweentaka. Lo vimba uyindawo yokugcina amakhulukhulu eentlobo zeentaka, kuquka ingwamza esengozini yokuphela kunye nekrene yaseSarus esemngciphekweni wokuphela. Abakhenkethi banokubona umbono omangalisayo wamawakawaka eentaka ezizalela kwaye zisitya kulo mgxobhozo ubalulekileyo.

Ezi ndawo zineentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo zibonelela ngeendawo zokuhlala ezixabisekileyo zezilwanyana zasendle kwaye zinegalelo kuko konke iinzame zolondolozo eKhambodiya. Preserving these areas is crucial to safeguarding the country’s unique biodiversity and ensuring a sustainable future for both the wildlife and the people who depend on these ecosystems.

Iinzame zoLondolozo lwezilwanyana zasendle eKhambodiya

Imibutho eliqela ibandakanyeka ngokukhutheleyo kwizilwanyana zasendle iinzame zolondolozo eKhambodiya, esebenzela ukulondoloza iindidi ezahlukeneyo zezityalo zelizwe. Le mibutho igxile kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zolondolozo, kubandakanywa ukuzibandakanya kwabahlali, uphando lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo nokubekwa kweliso, kunye nentsebenziswano namahlakani ehlabathi.

Omnye umbutho ophawulekayo Izilwanyana kunye neFlora, ebisebenza eKhambodiya kangangeminyaka emininzi. Baphumeze iiprojekthi ezikhuthaza uphuhliso oluzinzileyo kwaye zijolise ekukhuseleni nasekubuyiseleni iindawo ezihlala izilwanyana zasendle ezibalulekileyo. Ngothethathethwano noluntu, baxhobisa uluntu lwengingqi ukuba luthathe inxaxheba ngokubonakalayo kwiinzame zolondolozo, ukudala imvakalelo yobunini noxanduva lobutyebi bendalo.

UGqr. Smith, ingcali yolondolozo lwezilwanyana zasendle eGqr. Izilwanyana kunye neFlora. "Ngokubandakanya uluntu kwinkqubo yokwenza izigqibo kunye nokubonelela ngeendlela ezizezinye zokuphila, sinokufezekisa ukuzinza kwexesha elide."

Uphando lweBiodiversity kunye nokubeka iliso kubalulekile ekuqondeni imeko yangoku ye-ecosystem yaseCambodia kunye nokuchonga iindawo ezixhalabisayo. Ngokuqokelela idatha malunga nobuninzi beentlobo, impilo yendawo yokuhlala, kunye nezoyikiso, abalondolozi bendalo banokuphuhlisa izicwangciso ezijoliswe kuzo zokukhusela. Olu phando luhlala luqhutywa ngentsebenziswano neeyunivesithi zasekhaya, amaziko ophando ngamazwe ngamazwe, kunye nee-arhente zikarhulumente.

Uphando lweBiodiversity eCambodia

Isihloko soPhando	Amaziko asebenzisanayo
ULondolozo lweZilwanyana eziseMngciphekweni wokuTshabalala	IYunivesithi yasePhnom Penh, i-Wildlife Conservation Society
Uvavanyo lweMpilo ye-Ecosystem	UbuPhathiswa beNdalo yaseKhambodiya, iManyano yeHlabathi yoLondolozo lweNdalo

Ukongeza kwimizamo yasekhaya, imibutho yamazwe ngamazwe ithanda USAID zibe negalelo elikhulu kulondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo eKhambodiya. USAID ixhasa iinkqubo ezikhuthaza uphuhliso oluzinzileyo, ukukhusela iindawo ezikhuselweyo, nokomeleza ulawulo lokusingqongileyo. Ngokusebenzisana ngokusondeleyo norhulumente waseKhambodiya kunye noluntu lwasekuhlaleni, bajolise ekuqinisekiseni ukugcinwa kwexesha elide lobutyebi bendalo baseCambodia.

Omnye umdlali ophambili kulondolozo lwezilwanyana zasendle WWF-Khambodiya, kugxilwe ngokukodwa kwi-Eastern Plains Landscape. Ngenkxaso yoluntu lwasekuhlaleni, baye baphumeza amalinge okulwa nokugawulwa kwemithi, ukuzingela nokususwa komhlaba. Ngokusebenzisa ulawulo lwemithombo yendalo esekwe kuluntu kunye nophuhliso lwendlela yokuphila ezinzileyo, WWF-Khambodiya ijolise ekunciphiseni izoyikiso kwizilwanyana zasendle namahlathi kulo mmandla.

Ezi nzame zolondolozo zibonisa ukubaluleka kwentsebenziswano phakathi kwemibutho, uluntu, kunye nee-arhente zikarhulumente ekukhuseleni ngokufanelekileyo i-biodiversity yaseCambodia. Ngokusebenzisana ukuze bafikelele usukelo olufanayo, bazabalazela ukuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kobukho bezilwanyana zasendle ezityebileyo kunye neendawo zokuhlala zendalo zezizukulwana ezizayo.

Izoyikiso kwiZityalo ezahlukahlukeneyo zaseCambodia

Izityalo nezilwanyana ezityebileyo zaseKhambodiya zisengozini ngenxa yezinto ezinjengokugawulwa kwamahlathi, urhwebo olungekho mthethweni lwezilwanyana zasendle kunye neendlela zophuhliso olungazinzanga. Ezi zoyikiso zibeka imingcipheko ebalulekileyo kwimithombo yendalo yelizwe kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo ezibiza ikhaya laseCambodia.

"Ukugawulwa kwamahlathi eCambodia yeyona nto ixhalabisayo," utsho uGqr. Sophea, isazi ngebhayoloji esiphambili.

“Ukulahleka ngokukhawuleza kwamahlathi kutshabalalisa iindawo zokuhlala ezibalulekileyo zezilwanyana nezityalo ezininzi, nto leyo ebangela ukuba zitshabalale.”

Idatha evela kwiSebe lezeNdalo ityhila ukuba iKhambodiya ilahlekelwe ngaphezu kwe-1.4 yezigidi zeehektare zehlathi phakathi kuka-2001 no-2019, ngokuyintloko ngenxa yokugawulwa kwemithi, ukwandiswa kwezolimo, kunye nophuhliso lweziseko zophuhliso.

Ukurhweba ngezilwanyana zasendle ngokungekho mthethweni sesinye isisongelo kwizityalo ezahlukahlukeneyo zaseKhambodiya. Ukuzingela ngokungekho mthethweni nokuthengiswa kwezilwanyana ezisecicini lokuphela, njengeendlovu, amahlosi nee<em>pangolin, kusaqhubeka kutshabalalisa abemi bazo. Ngokutsho kwengxelo yeWildlife Alliance, iKhambodiya lilizwe elidlulayo nelisingelwa kulo kurhwebelwano olungekho mthethweni lwezilwanyana zasendle, olukhuthazwa kukufuna izilwanyana zasekhaya, amayeza esintu kunye neemveliso zezilwanyana zasendle.

Izoyikiso kwiZityalo ezahlukahlukeneyo zaseCambodia	igalelo
Ukutshatyalaliswa kwamahlathi	Ukulahleka kweendawo zokuhlala, okukhokelela ekutshabalaleni kweentlobo zezilwanyana
URhwebo Lwezilwanyana Zasendle ngokungekho mthethweni	Ukuncipha kwabemi beentlobo zezilwanyana ezisemngciphekweni wokuphela
Uphuhliso olungagcinekiyo	Ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo yendalo kunye nemithombo yendalo

Izenzo zophuhliso ezingazinzanga, ezifana nemigodi engalawulwayo, iindlela zokuloba ezonakalisayo, nokuguqulwa kwemihlaba yendalo ukwenzela ukulima nokufudukela ezidolophini, zenza mandundu ngakumbi izoyikiso kwizinto eziphilayo zaseKhambodiya. Ezi zenzo ziphazamisa i-ecosystem, zingcolisa imithombo yamanzi, kwaye zikhawulezisa ukulahleka kweendawo zokuhlala, okukhokelela ekunciphiseni kweentlobo ezininzi zezilwanyana.

Ukukhusela i-Biodiversity yaseCambodia

Ukujongana nale mingeni, ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo eCambodia ibalulekile. Iinzame zemibutho yolondolozo, ii-arhente zikarhulumente, nabahlali basekuhlaleni badlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuseleni nasekulondolozeni ilifa lendalo elikhethekileyo laseKhambodiya.

• Imibutho yolondolozo efana neFauna & Flora isebenza ngokusondeleyo noluntu ukukhuthaza izenzo zophuhliso oluzinzileyo, ukuxhobisa abantu basekuhlaleni, nokwazisa ngokubaluleka kolondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo.
• Uphando lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo kunye namanyathelo okubeka iliso abonelela ngolwazi oluxabisekileyo lwezicwangciso eziliqili zolondolozo olusebenzayo kunye nokwenziwa kwezigqibo.
• Ukusebenzisana nemibutho yamazwe ngamazwe, kuquka i-USAID kunye ne-WWF-Khambodiya, inceda ekukhuliseni ubuchule, izixhobo, kunye nenkxaso-mali yeenkqubo zolondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo.

Ngokuphumeza ulawulo lwemithombo yendalo esekwe kuluntu, ukuphuhlisa amanyathelo okhenketho lwendalo, kunye nokuphumeza imimiselo engqongqo ngokuchasene norhwebo olungekho mthethweni lwezilwanyana zasendle, iKhambodiya inokwenza inkqubela ebonakalayo ekukhuseleni iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo ukwenzela izizukulwana ezizayo.

Kubalulekile ukuba abantu, imibutho, kunye noorhulumente bakuqonde ukubaluleka ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo eCambodia kunye nokuthatha amanyathelo adibeneyo ukunciphisa izoyikiso ezijongene nezityalo nezilwanyana ezityebileyo zelizwe.

Ukukhusela i-Biodiversity yaseCambodia ngokuBambisana noLuntu

Uphuhliso oluzinzileyo kunye neenzame zokugcinwa kwe-ikhosistim e-Cambodia zixhomekeke kakhulu ekubandakanyeni uluntu kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba. Ngokubandakanya uluntu lwasekuhlaleni kumalinge olondolozo, kuyayenzeka ukudala imvakalelo yobunini noxanduva malunga nobutyebi bendalo belizwe.

Ulawulo lwemithombo yendalo esekwe eluntwini ludlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuseleni ukohluka kwezityalo nezilwanyana zaseCambodia. Xa uluntu luxhotyiswa ukuba lulawule izixhobo zalo, luba ngabathathi-nxaxheba abakhutheleyo ekugcineni okusingqongileyo nasekukhuthazeni izenzo ezizinzileyo. Le ndlela ayincedi kuphela ukukhusela iintlobo ezisengozini kunye neendawo zazo zokuhlala kodwa ixhasa kwakhona impilo kunye nentlalontle yoluntu lwasekuhlaleni.

Umzekelo oqaqambileyo wokubandakanyeka koluntu eKhambodiya yintsebenziswano phakathi kweFauna & Flora kunye noluntu lwasekuhlaleni. Iinzame zabo zijolise ekusekeni imimandla yolondolozo elawulwa luluntu, apho izenzo ezizinzileyo ezifana ne-agroforestry kunye ne-ecotourism zikhuthazwayo. Le ntsebenziswano iqinisekisa ukuba uluntu lubandakanyeka ngokuthe ngqo kwiinkqubo zokwenziwa kwezigqibo, nto leyo ekhokelela kwiziphumo ezisebenzayo zolondolozo.

“Ngokubandakanya uluntu lwasekuhlaleni kumanyathelo olondolozo lwendalo, kuyenzeka ukuba kuvezwe ubunini noxanduva kubutyebi bendalo belizwe.”

Ngaphezu koko, uthethathethwano noluntu lukwanceda ukwazisa ngokubaluleka kokulondolozwa kwezinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo. Abantu basekuhlaleni bafundiswa ngokubaluleka kwendalo yendawo ebangqongileyo, bebakhuthaza ukuba babe ngabagcini bemeko-bume yabo. Olu thatho-nxaxheba lwasezantsi alukhuthazi nje kuphela unxulumano olunzulu phakathi koluntu nendalo kodwa lukwanceda nokunciphisa izoyikiso ezibangelwa luphuhliso olungazinzanga kunye nezenzo ezitshabalalisayo.

Ngokubeka phambili uthethathethwano loluntu, iKhambodiya ingaqhubeka nohambo lwayo olusingise kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo kwaye iqinisekise ukugcinwa kwexesha elide leecosystems zayo ezixabisekileyo. Ngothatho-nxaxheba olusebenzayo loluntu lwengingqi, kuyenzeka ukuba kubekho ulungelelwano phakathi kwemisebenzi yophuhliso kunye nokukhuselwa kweentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo, kuhlahlelwa indlela yekamva elizinzileyo nelizinzileyo ngokwendalo.

IziNzuzo eziPhambili zokuBandakanya koLuntu kuLondolozo lweZityalo ezahlukeneyo zeNdalo
1. Ukuxhobisa uluntu lwengingqi ukuba lube ngamagosa obutyebi bendalo
2. Ukuxhasa ubomi obuzinzileyo kunye nophuhliso loqoqosho
3. Ukuphakamisa ulwazi malunga nokugcinwa kwezinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo
4. Ukunciphisa izoyikiso ezivela kwizenzo ezingazinzanga
5. Ukukhuthaza uvakalelo lobunini noxanduva ngokusingqongileyo

Uphando lweBiodiversity kunye nokuJonga eKhambodiya

Uphando oluqhubekayo lwezityalo nezilwanyana kunye namanyathelo okubeka esweni eKhambodiya anegalelo ekuqondeni nzulu ngeentlobo zelizwe ezikhethekileyo nezisemngciphekweni wokuphela. Iingcali zenzululwazi kunye nemibutho yolondolozo zisebenza ngokuzimisela ukuqokelela idatha kunye nokubeka esweni impilo ye-ecosystems yaseCambodia, inceda ukwazisa izicwangciso zolondolozo kunye nokukhusela iindawo ezibaluleke kakhulu zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo.

Enye inkalo ebalulekileyo ye uphando ngebhayoloji eyohlukeneyo eKhambodiya luphononongo lwabantu bezilwanyana zasendle kunye neendawo ezihlala kuzo. Ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezifana nokubambisa ikhamera, abaphandi banokuqokelela idatha malunga nobuninzi beentlobo, ukuziphatha kunye nokusabalalisa. Olu lwazi lubalulekile ekuchongeni imimandla ephambili yolondolozo nokubekwa esweni kweenguqu kubungakanani babantu ekuhambeni kwexesha. Umzekelo, uphononongo lubonise ukuhla okothusayo kwenani labantu beentlobo zeempawu ezifana namahlosi kunye neendlovu zaseAsia, ziqaqambisa ukungxamiseka kokhuseleko lwazo.

Enye inkalo ekugxininiswa kuyo kuphando ngeentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo kukuhlolwa kweendawo ezahlukahlukeneyo zendalo zaseKhambodiya, kuquka amahlathi, imigxobhozo nemekobume yaselwandle. Ngokufunda ngonxibelelwano lwendalo phakathi kweentlobo ngeentlobo zezityalo neendawo ezihlala kuzo, izazinzulu zinokufumana ukuqonda ngenkqubo entsonkothileyo yobomi baseKhambodiya. Olu lwazi lubalulekile ekuphuhliseni amacebo olondolozo olusebenzayo kunye nokukhusela ulungelelwaniso olucekethekileyo lwezi zixokelelwano zendalo.

UPhando lweZilwanyana ezahlukeneyo kunye nobuChwepheshe bokuBeka iliso	imizekelo
Ikhamera Trapping	Ukufota imifanekiso kunye neevidiyo zezilwanyana zasendle ezinqabileyo
UPhando lweNdalo	Ukuqokelela idatha malunga neentlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye nomgangatho wendawo yokuhlala
Ukulandelelwa kweGPS	Ukubeka iliso kwiintshukumo zezilwanyana kunye neepateni zokufuduka

“Iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo sisiseko sobomi eMhlabeni. Ukukhusela indalo yaseKhambodiya ekhethekileyo nebuthathaka akubalulekanga nje kwikamva lelizwe kodwa nakwikamva lesijikelezi-langa sethu.” – UGqr. Jane Wilson, iBiologist yasendle

Intsebenziswano phakathi koluntu lwasekuhlaleni, abaphandi, kunye nemibutho yolondolozo ngundoqo kwimpumelelo yophando lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo kunye neenzame zokubeka iliso eCambodia. Ngokubandakanya abantu basekuhlaleni ekuqokeleleni idatha kunye nokubeka iliso kwindalo, amanyathelo asekelwe kuluntu anokubonelela ngengqiqo ebalulekileyo kwimingeni ejongene nezilwanyana zasendle kunye nabantu. Le ndlela ikwakhuthaza uvakalelo lobunini noxanduva lokukhusela ilifa lendalo laseCambodia.

Ngamafutshane, uphando lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo kunye nokubeka iliso eKhambodiya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqondeni nasekulondolozeni iintlobo ezizodwa zelizwe kunye nenkqubo yendalo. Ngokufunda ngezilwanyana zasendle, ngokuhlola iindawo ezihlala kuzo ezahlukahlukeneyo, nokunxibelelana nabantu basekuhlaleni, abaphandi bafak’ isandla ekukhuseleni iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo zaseKhambodiya. Olu lwazi luxabiseke kakhulu ekuphuhliseni amacebo olondolozo olusebenzayo, ukunciphisa izoyikiso, kunye nokuqinisekisa ikamva elizinzileyo lezilwanyana zasendle kunye nabantu.

Ukusebenzisana neMibutho yaMazwe ngaMazwe

Imibutho yamazwe ngamazwe efana neFauna & Flora, i-USAID, kunye ne-WWF-Khambodiya idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuxhaseni iinzame zolondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana zaseCambodia. Le mibutho ibisebenza ngenkuthalo ngokubambisana norhulumente waseKhambodiya kunye noluntu lwasekuhlaleni ukukhusela nokugcina ubutyebi bendalo obutyebileyo belizwe.

Ngokomzekelo, iFauna kunye neFlora, isebenze eKhambodiya isithuba esingaphezulu kwamashumi amabini eminyaka, igxile ekuzibandakanyeni noluntu, uphando ngeentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo, ukubeka iliso, kunye nokulwa urhwebo lwezilwanyana zasendle olungekho mthethweni. Ngeeprojekthi zabo, bajolise ekuxhobiseni uluntu lwasekuhlaleni, ukuphakamisa ulwazi malunga nokubaluleka kolondolozo, nokuphuhlisa indlela yokuphila ezinzileyo ehambelana nendalo.

I-USAID ikwabandakanyeka ngokubonakalayo ekulondolozeni nasekulawuleni imithombo yendalo yaseCambodia. Basebenza ngokusondeleyo norhulumente waseCambodia ukukhuthaza uphuhliso oluzinzileyo, ukukhusela iindawo ezikhuselweyo, kunye nokuqinisa amandla asekuhlaleni okulawula indalo. Iinzame zabo zijolise ekuqinisekiseni uzinzo lwexesha elide lwezityalo nezilwanyana nezityalo zaseCambodia.

Kwi-Eastern Plains Landscape, i-WWF-Khambodiya ikhokela iinzame zolondolozo ukukhusela iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo zommandla. Oku kuquka ukujongana nezoyikiso ezinjengokugawulwa kwemithi, ukuzingela, ukucocwa komhlaba, nophuhliso loqoqosho. Ngeeprojekthi zabo, bajolise ekuphuculeni ulawulo lwemithombo yendalo esekwe kuluntu, ukuphuhlisa amathuba okhenketho lwendalo, kunye nokunciphisa izoyikiso kwizilwanyana zasendle kunye namahlathi.

Imibutho	IiNgcaciso
Izilwanyana kunye neFlora	Uthethathethwano noluntu, uphando ngezityalo nezilwanyana zasendle, uthintelo olungekho mthethweni lwezilwanyana zasendle
USAID	Uphuhliso oluzinzileyo, ukukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo, ukuxhotyiswa ngezakhono
WWF-Khambodiya	ULondolozo kwi-Eastern Plains Landscape, ulawulo lwemithombo yendalo esekwe kuluntu, uphuhliso lokhenketho lwendalo

IGalelo leFauna kunye neFlora kuLondolozo lweZilwanyana ezahlukahlukeneyo

Izilwanyana kunye neFlora beziphambili kulondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo eKhambodiya, zisebenza ngenkuthalo ekukhuseleni izilwanyana ezisengozini kunye neendawo zazo zokuhlala. Ngamanyathelo abo abanzi, baye benza igalelo elibalulekileyo ekukhuseleni iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo zaseKhambodiya.

Enye yezona ndawo ziphambili ekugxilwe kuzo kukuzibandakanya koluntu. Ngokubambisana noluntu lwasekuhlaleni, i-Fauna & Flora iphumeze iindlela zolondolozo ezizinzileyo ezixhobisa abantu ngabanye kunye nokukhuthaza imvakalelo yobunini phezu kwemithombo yendalo. Le ndlela ayiqinisekisi kuphela ukukhuselwa kwezilwanyana ezisengozini kodwa ikwakhuthaza impilo-ntle yoluntu ngokubanzi.

Iinzame zoLondolozo	igalelo
Ukuphumeza ulawulo lwendalo olusekelwe kuluntu	Ukuxhobisa uluntu lwengingqi kwinkqubo yolondolozo kunye nokukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kobutyebi ngokuzinzileyo
Ukuxhasa amalinge okhenketho lwendalo	Ukuvelisa eminye imithombo yengeniso yoluntu kunye nokunciphisa ukuthembela kwimisebenzi eyingozi kwizinto eziphilayo
Ukuseka iindawo zokugcina izilwanyana	Ukubonelela ngeendawo ezikhuselweyo zezilwanyana ezisemngciphekweni wokuphela ukuze zikhule kwaye zibuyise abantu bazo

Ukongeza kunxibelelwano noluntu, iFauna & Flora ibeka ugxininiso olukhulu kuphando lwebhayoloji kunye nokubeka iliso. Ngokuqhuba uphononongo olungqongqo lwezenzululwazi kunye nokuphumeza iinkqubo zokubeka iliso ezisebenzayo, baqokelela idatha exabisekileyo malunga neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zaseCambodia. Olu lwazi lubalulekile ekuphuhliseni amacebo olondolozo olusebenzayo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusinda kwexesha elide kwezilwanyana zasendle ezisengozini.

Ngentsebenziswano neearhente zikarhulumente, uluntu lwasekuhlaleni, kunye neminye imibutho yolondolozo, iFauna & Flora idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekunxibelelaniseni iinzame zokukhusela indalo ephilayo yaseCambodia. Ngokwabelana ngobuchwephesha, izibonelelo, kunye nolwazi, benza imbumba yamanyama ngokuchasene nezoyikiso ezibangelwa kwilifa lemveli lelizwe.

Caphula:

“Kuncomeka ukuzibophelela kweFauna & Flora kulondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo eKhambodiya. Indlela yabo epheleleyo, egxile ekubandakanyekeni koluntu, uphando, kunye nentsebenziswano, imisela umzekelo oqinileyo kwiinzame zolondolozo oluzinzileyo. " – UGqr. Sareth Soeun, uMlawuli weCambodian Biodiversity Institute

Ukuqukumbela, ukuzinikela kweFauna & Flora kulondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo eKhambodiya kube nempembelelo enkulu ekukhuseleni izilwanyana ezisengozini kunye neendawo zazo zokuhlala. Amanyathelo abo okuzibandakanya noluntu, uphando lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo kunye nokubeka iliso, kunye neenzame zentsebenziswano zibeke inqanaba lezenzo zolondolozo oluzinzileyo elizweni. Kungemibutho efana neFauna kunye neFlora apho iKhambodiya eyodwa kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo zendalo eziphila kuyo zinokukhula kwaye ziqhubeke nokukhuthaza izizukulwana ezizayo.

Indima ye-USAID ekuGcineni iZibonelelo zeNdalo zaseKhambodiya

I-USAID idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni imithombo yendalo yaseKhambodiya, ikhuthaze izenzo zophuhliso oluzinzileyo, kunye nokukhusela okusingqongileyo. Ngokugxininisa kwiinzame zolondolozo, i-USAID isebenza ngokusondeleyo noluntu lwasekuhlaleni, ii-arhente zikarhulumente, kunye nemibutho yolondolozo ukuphumeza iinkqubo ezikhusela i-biodiversity ecebileyo yaseCambodia kunye nokuxhasa ubomi obuzinzileyo.

Ngeprojekthi yayo yeGreening Prey Lang, i-USAID ijolise ekulondolozeni ihlathi le-Prey Lang, elinye lawona mahlathi makhulu asaseleyo eKhambodiya ahlala eluhlaza. Le projekthi igxile ekwandiseni ulawulo lwemithombo yendalo esekwe kuluntu, ukomeleza ukunyanzeliswa komthetho ngokuchasene nokugawulwa kwemithi ngokungekho mthethweni kunye nongenelelo, kunye nokukhuthaza impilo ezinzileyo kuluntu lwasekuhlaleni. I-Prey Lang Alliance, intsebenziswano phakathi kukarhulumente nemibutho yoluntu, iluncedo ekuphumezeni le projekthi.

“Intsebenziswano phakathi kwe-USAID kunye ne-Prey Lang Alliance ibalulekile kwiinzame zethu zokukhusela iHlathi lasePrey Lang. Ngokusebenza kunye, sinokujongana nemingeni eyahlukeneyo ebeka esichengeni le nkqubo yendalo ikhethekileyo kwaye siqinisekise uzinzo lwayo lwexesha elide. "

Ukongeza kwiinzame zayo kwi-Prey Lang Forest, i-USAID ixhasa ulawulo kunye nokukhuselwa kwezinye izinto eziphilayo e-Cambodia, kuquka i-Tonle Sap Lake kunye neeNtaba zeCardamom. Le mimandla ayizondawo zezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo kuphela kodwa ikwabalulekile kubomi boluntu lwasekuhlaleni oluxhomekeke kubutyebi bendalo ababonelela ngabo.

Ngeenkqubo zayo, i-USAID izamela ukukhuthaza izenzo zophuhliso oluzinzileyo ezilungelelanisa ukukhula koqoqosho nolondolozo lwendalo esingqongileyo. Ngokuxhobisa uluntu lwasekuhlaleni ukuba luthathe inxaxheba ngokukhutheleyo kulawulo lwemithombo yalo yendalo, i-USAID isebenzela ikamva apho iintlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana zaseKhambodiya zikhuselweyo, kwaye ubomi obuzinzileyo bukhuselwe izizukulwana ezizayo.

Amanyathelo aPhambili	Iziphumo
Iprojekthi yeGreening Prey Lang	Uphuculo lolawulo lwemithombo yendalo esekwe kuluntu Ukuqiniswa konyanzeliso lomthetho ngokuchasene nokugawulwa kwemithi ngokungekho mthethweni kunye nokutyhoboza Ukukhuthazwa kobomi obuzinzileyo
Inkqubo yolondolozo yeTonle Sap Lake	Ukukhuselwa kwemixokomelwano yendalo enomgxobhozo ebalulekileyo Inkxaso yeendlela zokuloba ezizinzileyo Ulondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezongeziweyo
Inyathelo lokulondolozwa kweeNtaba zeCardamom	Ulondolozo lweendawo zokuhlala ezikhethekileyo zehlathi Ukukhuselwa kwezilwanyana ezisengozini Ukuxhotyiswa koluntu lwengingqi

Iinzame zoLondolozo kwiMeko yeNdawo eseMpuma

I-WWF-Khambodiya ithatha inxaxheba ngokukhutheleyo ekulondolozeni indalo eyohlukileyo ye-Eastern Plains Landscape ngokusebenzisa amanyathelo ahlukeneyo, ukulungisa izisongelo ezinjengokugawulwa kwemithi, ukuzingela, kunye nophuhliso loqoqosho. Lo mmandla ulikhaya lezilwanyana zasendle ezahlukahlukeneyo, kuquka iindlovu zaseAsia, amahlosi e-Indochinese, kunye neengwenya zaseSiamese. Nangona kunjalo, ezi zityalo zijongene nemingeni emininzi ngenxa yokuqhekeka kwendawo yokuhlala kunye nemisebenzi yabantu.

Ukulwa nezi zoyikiso, i-WWF-Cambodia isebenza ngokusondeleyo noluntu lwasekuhlaleni, ii-arhente zikarhulumente, kunye namanye amaqabane ukuphuhlisa nokuphumeza izicwangciso ezisebenzayo zokulondoloza. Elinye lamanyathelo abo aphambili kukukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa komhlaba okuzinzileyo kunye nokuxhasa ulawulo lwemithombo yendalo esekwe kuluntu. Oku kuquka ukusekwa kweenkqubo zolawulo lwamahlathi kuluntu, ukuphumeza izenzo zezolimo ezizinzileyo, nokudala amanye amathuba okuphila kuluntu lwasekuhlaleni.

Ngaphaya koko, i-WWF-Khambodiya ithatha inxaxheba ngokukhutheleyo kuphando kunye nokubeka iliso kwimisebenzi yokuqonda ngcono ukungafani kwebhayoloji ye-Eastern Plains Landscape. Basebenzisana noosonzululwazi kunye nabaphandi ukuqokelela idatha malunga nezilwanyana ezisengozini, iindawo zazo zokuhlala, kunye neempembelelo zemisebenzi yabantu. Olu lwazi lunceda ukwazisa iinzame zolondolozo kunye nokukhokela iinkqubo zokwenza izigqibo.

Ukongeza kumsebenzi wokongiwa komhlaba, iWWF-Cambodia ikwagxile ekunyuseni ulwazi kunye nokukhuthaza imigaqo-nkqubo eyomeleleyo yokusingqongileyo. Bathethathethana noluntu lwasekuhlaleni, izikolo, kunye nabachaphazelekayo ukukhuthaza izenzo ezizinzileyo kunye nokukhuthaza umoya wobugosa ngokubhekiselele kwimithombo yendalo ye-Eastern Plains Landscape.

Ngokuthatha indlela epheleleyo yolondolozo, i-WWF-Khambodiya ijolise ekukhuseleni ikamva lezityalo nezilwanyana ezizodwa zalo mmandla, iqinisekisa ukuba izizukulwana ezizayo zinokuqhubeka zisonwabela izibonelelo zenkqubo ephilileyo nephumelelayo ye-ecosystem.

Ukuphucula uLawulo lweMithombo yeNdalo esekwe eluntwini

Ulawulo lwemithombo yendalo esekwe eluntwini ludlala indima ebalulekileyo ekomelezeni iinzame zolondolozo eKhambodiya, ukuqinisekisa usetyenziso oluzinzileyo lwemithombo kunye nokukhuselwa kweendawo ezihlala izilwanyana zasendle. Ngokuxhobisa uluntu lwasekuhlaleni ukuba luthathe indima ebonakalayo ekulawuleni ubutyebi babo bendalo, le ndlela ayincedi nje kuphela ukugcina izinto eziphilayo ezityebileyo zaseCambodia kodwa ikhuthaza uphuhliso oluzinzileyo kunye nokuphucula indlela yokuphila yabantu.

Umzekelo omnye wolawulo oluyimpumelelo lwemithombo yendalo esekwe kuluntu yiTonle Sap Lake, i-UNESCO Biosphere Reserve kunye neyona ndawo ibalulekileyo yokuhlala emanzini acocekileyo kuMzantsi-mpuma Asia. Apha, uluntu lwasekuhlaleni luphumeze amanyathelo okukhusela iindawo ezizalisa iintlanzi, ukulawula iindlela zokuloba, nokulawula inkqubo yendalo emanzi. La manyathelo akakhange ancede nje kuphela ukulondoloza iintlobo zentlanzi ezisengozini yokuphela kunye neendawo ezihlala kuzo kodwa akhokelele ekwandeni kweentlanzi, nto leyo enceda uluntu lwasekuhlaleni kunye nenkqubo yendalo ngokubanzi.

Ukongeza kulawulo lwamashishini okuloba, amaphulo asekelwe kuluntu nawo abalulekile ekulweni ukugawulwa kwamahlathi nokukhusela iindawo ezihlala izilwanyana zasendle ezisemhlabeni. I-Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary, egubungela amaphondo amane kumantla eKhambodiya, ingumzekelo obalaseleyo. Uluntu lwasekuhlaleni, luxhaswa yimibutho efana neFauna & Flora, luthatha inxaxheba ngokukhutheleyo kwiipatroli zokubeka iliso nokuthintela ukugawulwa kwemithi ngokungekho mthethweni kunye nokungenelwa komhlaba. Bakwabandakanyeka kwimigudu yokubuyisela amahlathi, betyala amawaka emithi ukuze kubuyiselwe imimandla yamahlathi eyonakeleyo. La manyathelo olondolozo akhokelwa luluntu abe luncedo ekulondolozeni izinto eziphilayo zendawo engcwele, eziquka izilwanyana ezisengozini yokuphela ezifana nengwe yaseIndochinese kunye namang’ang’ane amakhulu.

Okuzuzwayo kuLawulo lweMithombo yeNdalo oluSekwe kuLuntu
1. Ukuxhobisa uluntu lwengingqi ukuba luthathe ubunini bemithombo yobutyebi babo bendalo
2. Ukudala inkuthazo yosetyenziso oluzinzileyo lwemithombo
3. Ukuphucula ulondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo
4. Ukuphucula iindlela zokuphila zengingqi ngamathuba oqoqosho oluzinzileyo
5. Ukuqinisa umanyano loluntu kunye nokomelela koluntu

Ngokusebenzisa ulawulo lwemithombo yendalo esekwe kuluntu, iCambodia inokuqhubeka nokukhusela ubutyebi bayo bezinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo kunye nokukhuthaza uphuhliso oluzinzileyo. Ngokukhuthaza intsebenziswano phakathi koluntu lwasekuhlaleni, ii-arhente zikarhulumente, kunye nemibutho yolondolozo, ilizwe linokuqinisekisa ukugcinwa kwexesha elide kwemithombo yalo yendalo kunye nokuphila kakuhle kwabantu balo.

Ukuze ulawulo lwemithombo yendalo olusekwe kuluntu lube yimpumelelo, kubalulekile ukutyala imali kwimfundo nokwazisa uluntu ekuhlaleni. Ngokubonelela ngoqeqesho kunye neenkqubo zokuxhobisa, uluntu lunokuphuhlisa ulwazi kunye nezakhono eziyimfuneko ukulawula ngokufanelekileyo izibonelelo zabo zendalo. Amaphulo emfundo anokunceda kwakhona ukubethelela ukuzingca noxanduva kumalungu oluntu, ukukhuthaza inkcubeko yogcino lwendalo esingqongileyo.

isiphelo

Ulawulo lwemithombo yendalo esekwe eluntwini sisixhobo esinamandla sokulondoloza indalo eyohlukeneyo yaseCambodia, ukukhusela iindawo ezihlala izilwanyana zasendle, kunye nokukhuthaza uphuhliso oluzinzileyo. Ngokubandakanya uluntu lwasekuhlaleni kwinkqubo yokwenza izigqibo kunye nokubaxhobisa ukuba bathathe indima ebonakalayo kulawulo lwezibonelelo, iCambodia inokuqinisekisa ukugcinwa kwexesha elide lelifa lendalo lendalo ukuze izizukulwana ezizayo zizonwabele.

isiphelo

Ukuqukumbela, ukukhusela indalo ephilayo yaseCambodia kufuna iinzame ezidibeneyo kulondolozo, uphuhliso oluzinzileyo, kunye nothethathethwano noluntu lwasekuhlaleni. IKhambodiya ineentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezityebileyo, yaye ilikhaya leentlobo ngeentlobo zezilwanyana nezityalo, eziquka iindlovu, iibhere, i<em>gaur, kunye neingqaqa zekorale.

Noko ke, ezi ntlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo zijamelene nezisongelo ezininzi, ezinjengokugawulwa kwamahlathi, ukurhweba ngezilwanyana zasendle ngokungekho mthethweni, izenzo zokuloba ezitshabalalisayo, nenkqubela engazinzanga. Ukulwa le miceli mngeni, imibutho yolondolozo efana neFauna & Flora ibiphambili, isebenza ngokungakhathali ukukhusela imithombo yendalo yaseCambodia.

Le mibutho ibeka phambili uthethwano loluntu, ukubeka iliso kwizinto ezahlukeneyo zebhayoloji, kunye nophando. Ngokubandakanya uluntu lwasekuhlaleni kwiinzame zolondolozo, bakhuthaza ingqiqo yobunini kunye nokuqinisekisa izenzo ezizinzileyo zokugcinwa kwexesha elide lezilwanyana zasendle kunye neendawo zazo zokuhlala.

I-USAID ikwadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni nasekulawuleni ubutyebi bendalo baseCambodia. Ukugxila kwabo kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo kunye nokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo kunceda ukukhusela i-ecosystem ebalulekileyo kunye neendawo ezikhuselweyo kwilizwe lonke.

Kwi-Eastern Plains Landscape, iWWF-Khambodiya ikhokela iinzame zolondolozo ukuze kugcinwe indalo eyohlukeneyo kulo mmandla. Amaqhinga abo abandakanya ukulwa nezoyikiso ezinjengokugawulwa kwemithi, ukuzingela, ukucocwa komhlaba, kunye nophuhliso loqoqosho. Ngokukhuthaza ulawulo lwemithombo yendalo esekwe kuluntu kunye nokuphuhlisa amathuba e-ecotourism, bajolise ekunciphiseni impixano yabantu kunye nezilwanyana zasendle, ukuxhasa ubomi bendawo, kunye nokugcina izilwanyana zasendle ezikhethekileyo kunye namahlathi aseMpuma.

Ukukhusela izityalo nezilwanyana ezahlukahlukeneyo zaseKhambodiya luxanduva ekwabelwana ngalo. Ngentsebenziswano phakathi kwemibutho yolondolozo, inkxaso yamazwe ngamazwe evela kumaqumrhu afana ne-USAID, kunye nentatho-nxaxheba ebonakalayo evela kuluntu lwasekuhlaleni, sinokuqinisekisa ikamva elizinzileyo lelifa lendalo elimangalisayo laseCambodia.

Umthombo amakhonkco

• https://2017-2020.usaid.gov/cambodia/environment-and-global-climate-change
• https://www.fauna-flora.org/countries/cambodia/
• https://www.wwf.org.kh/projects_and_reports2/