Tunisia Biodiversity and the Built Environment

Tunisia, a country known for its rich cultural heritage and stunning landscapes, is also home to a remarkable array of biodiversity. From vibrant plant species to rare and endangered animals, Tunisia’s ecosystems teem with life. In this article, we will explore the importance of biodiversity conservation in Tunisia, the initiatives taken to protect its wildlife, and the role of sustainable practices in preserving its natural resources.

Key Takeaways:

  • Biodiversity conservation in Tunisia plays a crucial role in maintaining the delicate balance of ecosystems and ensuring the long-term survival of rare and endangered species.
  • The National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP) guides Tunisia’s efforts in protecting and managing its biodiversity, with a focus on sustainable use and equitable sharing of its resources.
  • Tunisia has implemented various initiatives, including gene banks and botanical gardens, to protect and preserve its biodiversity.
  • The country actively works towards achieving the global Aichi Biodiversity Targets, with a focus on genetic preservation and the establishment of protected areas.
  • Ecotourism in Tunisia promotes sustainable and responsible tourism practices that benefit both local communities and biodiversity conservation.

Importance of Biodiversity Conservation in Tunisia

Protecting biodiversity is crucial for the preservation of ecosystems in Tunisia. The country boasts a diverse range of animal and plant species, including rare and endangered ones, that rely on its rich biodiversity for their habitats.

Biodiversity conservation plays a vital role in maintaining the delicate balance of ecosystems, ensuring the long-term survival of these species. However, Tunisia faces numerous threats to its biodiversity, such as water pollution, overgrazing, desertification, and soil erosion.

These threats emphasize the importance of implementing effective conservation measures and conducting regular environmental impact assessments. By doing so, Tunisia can mitigate the negative effects of these challenges on its wildlife and ecosystems.

Preserving Tunisia’s Unique Wildlife

“Biodiversity conservation is essential to safeguard the irreplaceable treasures of Tunisia’s wildlife.”

Through biodiversity conservation efforts, Tunisia can protect its unique wildlife and ensure their continued existence for future generations. By tackling issues such as water pollution and overgrazing, the country can create a conducive environment for its diverse range of species to thrive.

Furthermore, conducting regular environmental impact assessments helps identify potential threats to Tunisia’s wildlife and ecosystems, enabling authorities to take proactive measures and implement impactful preservation strategies.

The Role of Biodiversity in Ecosystem Balance

Biodiversity is central to maintaining the ecological balance in Tunisia’s ecosystems. Each species plays a vital role in contributing to the overall stability and resilience of these environments.

By protecting biodiversity, Tunisia can preserve the intricate web of interactions and dependencies that sustain its ecosystems. This, in turn, promotes a healthier and more resilient natural environment that can better withstand external pressures.

Conservation for Future Generations

Effective biodiversity conservation is an investment in the future of Tunisia and its people. By ensuring the survival of diverse species, the country can continue to benefit from the ecological services provided by these ecosystems.

Conserving biodiversity also has significant socio-economic benefits. It supports tourism, ecotourism, and research, creating opportunities for sustainable economic development while simultaneously safeguarding Tunisia’s natural heritage.

Benefits of Biodiversity Conservation in Tunisia Examples
Ecotourism Promoting responsible tourism focused on nature, supporting local communities and wildlife protection.
Research Opportunities Providing valuable avenues for scientific research and discovery in diverse ecosystems.
Socio-economic Development Creating sustainable income sources and job opportunities for local communities.
Ecosystem Services Preserving valuable services like clean air, water purification, and climate regulation.

By prioritising biodiversity conservation and conducting environmental impact assessments, Tunisia can ensure the continued existence of its unique wildlife, preserve ecosystem balance, and create a sustainable and prosperous future for both its people and natural heritage.

The National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan

Tunisia recognizes the importance of biodiversity conservation and has developed the National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP) to guide its efforts. The NBSAP focuses on six key areas, including the conservation of biological diversity, the integration of biodiversity conservation with natural resource management, and the promotion of sustainable use and equitable sharing of biodiversity.

The NBSAP provides a strategic roadmap for Tunisia’s initiatives, ensuring the sustainable use of biodiversity and the preservation of its unique ecosystems. By mainstreaming biodiversity considerations into key sectors, Tunisia aims to foster a holistic approach to conservation.

National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan

Financial resources and capacity-building are vital components of the NBSAP. Tunisia aims to improve access to financial support for biodiversity conservation projects and enhance the capacity of stakeholders involved in conservation efforts.

“The National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan is our blueprint for safeguarding Tunisia’s biodiversity for future generations. By focusing on conservation, sustainable use, and equitable sharing of biodiversity, we ensure that Tunisia remains a leader in environmental stewardship.” – Environmental Minister

The NBSAP’s approach aligns with global targets and aims to address the pressing need for biodiversity conservation locally. Through a comprehensive plan, Tunisia strives to protect its diverse ecosystems and promote sustainable practices for the benefit of both current and future generations.

Initiatives for Biodiversity Conservation in Tunisia

Tunisia is dedicated to conserving its rich biodiversity through various initiatives. These initiatives play a critical role in preserving the country’s unique ecosystems and ensuring the sustainable use of its natural resources.

One such initiative is the creation of a gene bank, which serves as a valuable repository for safeguarding the genetic diversity of both plant and animal species. The gene bank in Tunisia plays a vital role in preserving rare and endangered species, protecting them from the threat of extinction.

In addition to the gene bank, Tunisia has developed a network of botanical gardens strategically located throughout the country. These botanical gardens serve as conservation, research, and education centers. They contribute to the preservation of various plant species, and also provide a platform for scientific research and environmental education.

Furthermore, Tunisia has implemented action plans for the preservation and sustainable use of agricultural species. These plans focus on sustainable agricultural practices and the promotion of biodiversity-friendly farming methods. By integrating sustainable practices into agricultural activities, Tunisia aims to protect its agricultural species and ensure the long-term productivity of its agricultural sector.

These initiatives for biodiversity conservation in Tunisia demonstrate the country’s commitment to protecting its natural heritage and promoting the sustainable use of its diverse ecosystems.

Initiatives for Biodiversity Conservation in Tunisia

Tunisia has implemented various initiatives to conserve its biodiversity. These include:

  1. Creation of a gene bank to safeguard the genetic diversity of plant and animal species
  2. Development of a network of botanical gardens for conservation, research, and education purposes
  3. Implementation of action plans for the preservation and sustainable use of agricultural species

These initiatives contribute to the overall goal of biodiversity conservation and the sustainable use of Tunisia’s natural resources.

gene bank

Tunisia’s Contribution to the Aichi Biodiversity Targets

Tunisia is actively working towards achieving the global Aichi Biodiversity Targets. The country has updated its National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP) to align with these targets.

Tunisia recognizes the importance of preserving genetic diversity within species and is implementing programs and projects to prevent genetic erosion. By preserving the unique genetic makeup of plant and animal species, Tunisia contributes to the overall conservation efforts and ensures the long-term survival of these species.

The country also prioritizes the protection and management of ecosystems through the establishment of protected areas. These protected areas serve as vital habitats for numerous species, providing them with suitable environments to thrive.

By actively conserving genetic diversity and establishing protected areas, Tunisia is making significant strides towards achieving the Aichi Biodiversity Targets. These efforts contribute to the global conservation of biodiversity and promote the sustainable use of natural resources.

Preserving Genetic Diversity

Tunisia recognizes the importance of preserving genetic diversity within species and is implementing programs and projects to prevent genetic erosion.

Preserving genetic diversity is crucial for the long-term survival of species. By maintaining a diverse gene pool, organisms have a higher chance of adapting to environmental changes and surviving threats such as climate change and disease outbreaks. Tunisia’s commitment to preserving genetic diversity ensures the resilience of its ecosystems and the species that depend on them.

Establishing Protected Areas

The country also prioritizes the protection and management of ecosystems through the establishment of protected areas.

Protected areas play a vital role in biodiversity conservation. They provide safe havens for plant and animal species, enabling them to thrive without the pressures of human activities. Tunisia’s establishment of protected areas helps safeguard its unique ecosystems, ensuring the preservation of biodiversity and the conservation of key habitats.

To illustrate Tunisia’s efforts in achieving the Aichi Biodiversity Targets, the table below highlights some of the protected areas in the country and their conservation significance:

Protected Area Conservation Significance
Afedh Wetland Important habitat for migratory birds, including several endangered species.
Ichkeul National Park UNESCO World Heritage Site and a Ramsar Wetland of International Importance, providing critical wintering grounds for migratory waterbirds.
Jebel Chambi Biosphere Reserve Home to a rich array of plant and animal species, including the Barbary macaque, an endangered primate species.
Zembra and Zembretta Islands Important nesting sites for seabirds, including the Mediterranean storm petrel.

Tunisia’s protected areas not only preserve biodiversity but also provide opportunities for research, education, and ecotourism. These areas serve as living laboratories for scientists, contribute to environmental awareness, and promote sustainable tourism practices.

protected areas in Tunisia

Through its commitment to genetic preservation and the establishment of protected areas, Tunisia showcases its dedication to the Aichi Biodiversity Targets. By protecting and managing its natural resources, Tunisia contributes to the global efforts in biodiversity conservation and sets an example for sustainable environmental stewardship.

Ecotourism for Biodiversity Conservation in Tunisia

Tunisia has embraced ecotourism as a means to promote sustainable and responsible tourism that benefits both local communities and biodiversity conservation. Through these initiatives, visitors have the opportunity to immerse themselves in the country’s rich natural heritage while actively supporting local efforts to preserve its unique ecosystems.

Ecotourism in Tunisia aims to strike a harmonious balance between economic development and the long-term preservation of its natural resources. By engaging local communities in tourism activities, this approach ensures that the benefits of ecotourism are shared and that these communities are actively involved in the conservation and appreciation of biodiversity.

“Ecotourism provides a win-win situation for both tourists and the environment. By experiencing Tunisia’s natural diversity, visitors gain a deeper understanding of the importance of conservation while supporting local communities and their sustainable initiatives.” – Ministry of Tourism, Tunisia

One key aspect of ecotourism in Tunisia is the emphasis on responsible travel practices. Tourists are encouraged to explore the natural wonders of the country while minimizing their environmental impact. This includes activities such as wildlife viewing, nature walks, and engaging with local communities to gain insights into their traditional practices in harmony with the environment.

Furthermore, the ecotourism sector in Tunisia actively contributes to the local economy. By supporting community-based tourism enterprises, visitors directly contribute to the well-being of local communities, creating sustainable livelihoods and opportunities for socio-economic development.

ecotourism in Tunisia

Ecotourism initiatives in Tunisia go beyond mere economic benefits and local engagement. They play a crucial role in the conservation of the country’s biodiversity. By promoting the appreciation and understanding of Tunisia’s unique ecosystems, ecotourism fosters a sense of stewardship among visitors. This increased awareness leads to greater advocacy for biodiversity conservation efforts and ensures continued support for preserving Tunisia’s natural treasures.

Benefits of Ecotourism in Tunisia Examples
Promotes sustainability Implementation of eco-friendly accommodation practices
Engages local communities Community-led nature walks and traditional craft demonstrations
Supports biodiversity conservation Guided tours focusing on the importance of protecting endangered species and fragile ecosystems
Contributes to local economy Income generation through locally-owned bed and breakfasts, restaurants, and other tourism-related businesses

By prioritizing sustainability, community engagement, and the protection of biodiversity, Tunisia’s ecotourism sector is a shining example of how tourism can contribute to environmental conservation. It offers a unique opportunity for travellers to experience the wonders of Tunisia’s diverse ecosystems while actively participating in their preservation. Through ecotourism, Tunisia is not only safeguarding its natural heritage but also creating a model for responsible and sustainable tourism practices.

Support Mechanisms for Biodiversity Conservation in Tunisia

Tunisia has taken significant steps to manage and protect its natural resources and biodiversity through the establishment of a comprehensive legal framework. This framework includes the implementation of various environmental legislation, such as the Forestry Code, Water Code, and Regulations on the protection of wetlands and biological resources. These regulations ensure the sustainable management and conservation of Tunisia’s unique ecosystems.

In addition to environmental legislation, Tunisia has put in place support mechanisms to promote the national implementation of these regulations and enhance biodiversity conservation efforts. One crucial support mechanism is the provision of funding for conservation projects. By allocating financial resources, Tunisia aims to support initiatives that contribute to the protection and sustainable use of its biodiversity.

Furthermore, Tunisia recognizes the importance of capacity-building programs in enhancing expertise in biodiversity management. These programs provide training and education opportunities for individuals involved in biodiversity conservation, including researchers, conservationists, and policymakers. By investing in capacity-building, Tunisia aims to strengthen its capabilities in effectively managing and preserving its natural resources.

Coordination among various stakeholders is another essential aspect of Tunisia’s support mechanisms. Recognizing that effective biodiversity conservation requires collaboration, Tunisia facilitates partnerships between government agencies, NGOs, research institutions, and local communities. This coordinated approach ensures that efforts are aligned and resources are optimally utilized to achieve the common goal of biodiversity conservation.

Environmental Legislation

Tunisia has implemented several environmental legislations to ensure the protection of its natural resources. Some notable legislations include:

  • *Forestry Code: This legislation governs the management and protection of forest resources, promoting sustainable practices and preventing deforestation and habitat destruction.
  • *Water Code: The Water Code regulates the conservation and sustainable utilization of water resources, ensuring their availability for both humans and wildlife. It aims to address water pollution and promote responsible water management.
  • *Regulations on the protection of wetlands and biological resources: These regulations focus on the preservation of Tunisia’s wetlands and the protection of its biological diversity. They aim to prevent wetland degradation, protect critical habitats, and conserve endangered species.

Through these environmental legislations, Tunisia aims to ensure the sustainable use and protection of its natural resources, including its diverse biodiversity.

Funding for Conservation

Tunisia recognizes the importance of financial resources in implementing effective biodiversity conservation initiatives. The government allocates funding to support various projects and programs dedicated to conserving the country’s biological diversity. These projects may include habitat restoration, endangered species protection, and the establishment of protected areas.

Funding for conservation not only contributes to the preservation of Tunisia’s unique ecosystems but also promotes sustainable development. By protecting biodiversity, Tunisia can maintain its ecological balance and the services it provides, such as clean air, water, and climate regulation. Moreover, investing in conservation creates opportunities for ecotourism and sustainable economic growth, benefiting both local communities and the environment.

Capacity-Building Programs

Enhancing expertise in biodiversity management is crucial for effective conservation efforts. Tunisia has prioritized capacity-building programs to strengthen the skills and knowledge of individuals involved in biodiversity conservation. These programs include training sessions, workshops, and educational initiatives aimed at researchers, conservation practitioners, policymakers, and local communities.

Through capacity-building, Tunisia aims to equip individuals with the necessary tools and skills to develop and implement effective strategies for biodiversity conservation. By staying updated with the latest scientific advancements and management approaches, practitioners can contribute to informed decision-making and improve conservation outcomes.

Coordination among Stakeholders

Collaboration and coordination among various stakeholders are vital for successful biodiversity conservation. Tunisia recognizes the importance of bringing together government agencies, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), research institutions, and local communities to achieve a common vision of preserving the country’s biodiversity.

By promoting dialogue and establishing partnerships, Tunisia ensures that efforts are aligned and resources are effectively utilized. This coordinated approach enables stakeholders to share knowledge, exchange best practices, and work together towards shared conservation goals. It also facilitates the development of integrated strategies that consider multiple perspectives and address the complex challenges of biodiversity conservation.

Overall, Tunisia’s support mechanisms, including environmental legislation, funding for conservation, capacity-building programs, and stakeholder coordination, ensure the sustainable implementation of biodiversity conservation efforts. These mechanisms demonstrate Tunisia’s commitment to preserving its natural resources and safeguarding its unique ecosystems for future generations.

funding for conservation

Capacity in Biodiversity Management and Conservation in Tunisia

Tunisia boasts significant expertise and capacities in biodiversity management and conservation. Various stakeholders, including farmers, ranchers, policy-makers, and research institutions, play crucial roles in the sustainable management of biodiversity in the country.

The fields related to biodiversity, such as agriculture, scientific research, and development economics, are well-represented in Tunisia. This multidisciplinary approach enables comprehensive and integrated strategies for biodiversity conservation.

Tunisia recognizes the value of traditional knowledge in sustainable biodiversity management. By integrating traditional practices with contemporary conservation strategies, the country ensures the long-term preservation of its unique biodiversity.

Research Institutions and Biodiversity Conservation

Research institutions in Tunisia play a pivotal role in biodiversity conservation. They conduct groundbreaking research, provide scientific expertise, and offer valuable knowledge for informed conservation decision-making. These institutions collaborate with local communities, government entities, and international organizations to develop and implement effective biodiversity management strategies.

Through research and innovation, these institutions contribute to the conservation of Tunisia’s diverse ecosystems. They analyze biodiversity patterns, monitor species populations, and assess the impact of human activities on wildlife and habitats. This knowledge forms the basis for evidence-based conservation practices and policy recommendations.

Capacity-Building Initiatives

Tunisia invests in capacity-building programs to strengthen expertise in biodiversity management and conservation. These initiatives provide training and education opportunities for professionals and communities involved in biodiversity conservation efforts.

Capacity-building programs cater to a range of stakeholders, from field workers to policymakers. They focus on building skills in ecological research, data analysis, sustainable land management practices, and the integration of biodiversity considerations into various sectors. By enhancing knowledge and skills, these programs empower individuals and organizations to effectively address the challenges of biodiversity conservation.

Collaborative Conservation Efforts

Biodiversity conservation in Tunisia is a collaborative endeavor that involves partnerships between different stakeholders. Farmers and ranchers adopt sustainable agricultural practices that promote biodiversity while ensuring the productivity of their lands. Policy-makers enact environmental legislation and create frameworks to guide conservation initiatives. Research institutions provide scientific input, while local communities actively engage in conservation efforts.

“Tunisia’s commitment to collaboration and the integration of diverse perspectives fosters a holistic approach to biodiversity conservation, ensuring the long-term protection of its natural heritage.”

These collaborative conservation efforts, reinforced by research and capacity-building, enable Tunisia to manage its biodiversity effectively and contribute to global conservation goals.

biodiversity management

The Impact of Ecotourism on Biodiversity in Tunisia

Ecotourism in Tunisia plays a significant role in promoting biodiversity conservation and fostering the sustainable development of local communities. By encouraging responsible travel to natural areas, ecotourism contributes to the protection and preservation of Tunisia’s diverse ecosystems while benefiting the well-being of local residents.

Through ecotourism activities, visitors have the opportunity to explore the country’s pristine natural landscapes, observe its unique wildlife, and engage in educational experiences that promote a deeper understanding of the importance of biodiversity conservation. This immersive approach not only enriches the travel experience but also fosters a sense of appreciation and stewardship towards Tunisia’s natural heritage.

One of the key benefits of ecotourism is its positive impact on the local economy. By attracting tourists to ecologically significant areas, such as national parks and nature reserves, ecotourism generates income for local communities. This income creates sustainable livelihood opportunities and reduces dependence on activities that may be detrimental to the environment, such as unsustainable agriculture or resource extraction.

“Ecotourism provides economic incentives for local communities to actively participate in conservation efforts, creating a mutually beneficial relationship between biodiversity conservation and socioeconomic development.”

Beyond economic benefits, ecotourism also contributes to the conservation of biodiversity in Tunisia. By supporting ecotourism initiatives, visitors directly contribute to the financing of conservation projects, habitat restoration, and the protection of endangered species. These financial resources enable local conservation organizations and authorities to implement comprehensive conservation strategies, mitigate threats to biodiversity, and sustainably manage natural resources.

The positive effects of ecotourism extend beyond environmental and economic aspects. By actively involving and empowering local communities, ecotourism fosters a sense of pride and ownership over the natural resources within their vicinity. It provides opportunities for local residents to participate in conservation activities, such as guided tours, wildlife monitoring, and cultural exchanges. This engagement strengthens the connection between communities and their natural surroundings, leading to the long-term stewardship of biodiversity.

The Socioeconomic Benefits of Ecotourism in Tunisia

The socioeconomic benefits derived from ecotourism are manifold. By attracting visitors to less-developed areas, ecotourism contributes to the equitable distribution of income, enabling communities to invest in education, healthcare, and infrastructure development. The revenue generated from ecotourism can also be reinvested in conservation efforts, further strengthening Tunisia’s biodiversity conservation initiatives.

Moreover, ecotourism directly supports the preservation of traditional practices and cultural heritage. Local communities play a crucial role in providing authentic experiences, sharing their traditional knowledge, and showcasing cultural traditions. By celebrating this cultural diversity, ecotourism enhances the appreciation for the interconnections between cultural and natural heritage, fostering a more holistic approach to biodiversity conservation.

The Future of Ecotourism in Tunisia

To ensure the long-term success of ecotourism in biodiversity conservation and community development, it is essential to prioritize sustainable practices. This involves minimizing the environmental footprint of tourist activities, promoting responsible behavior among visitors, and implementing guidelines for tour operators and accommodation providers to follow sustainable practices.

Additionally, partnerships between the public sector, local communities, and conservation organizations play a fundamental role in shaping the future of ecotourism in Tunisia. Collaborative efforts can enhance capacity-building initiatives, promote knowledge exchange, and develop comprehensive conservation and tourism management plans. These partnerships are crucial for fostering a cohesive approach that recognizes the interdependencies between biodiversity conservation, local communities, and socioeconomic development.

Through the sustainable development of ecotourism, Tunisia can continue to safeguard its unique biodiversity, support the well-being of local communities, and provide immersive experiences for visitors. By embracing ecotourism as a viable and responsible alternative, Tunisia sets an inspiring example for other countries seeking to balance economic growth with the preservation of their natural heritage.

ecotourism in Tunisia

Conclusion

Tunisia’s commitment to biodiversity conservation and the built environment is evident through its efforts to protect and manage its rich biodiversity. The implementation of the National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP) and the promotion of sustainable practices such as ecotourism and green building have positioned Tunisia as a leader in sustainable development.

By integrating biodiversity considerations into key sectors and engaging local communities, Tunisia aims to preserve its unique ecosystems and promote the well-being of both its wildlife and people. The synergy between biodiversity and the built environment in Tunisia serves as a model for sustainable development and environmental stewardship.

Through initiatives like sustainable architecture and ecotourism, Tunisia is paving the way for a greener and more sustainable future. As the country continues to prioritize biodiversity conservation and Tunisian wildlife protection, it ensures the long-term survival of its precious ecosystems while simultaneously benefiting the local economy.

FAQ

What is the importance of biodiversity conservation in Tunisia?

Biodiversity conservation is crucial for ecosystem preservation in Tunisia. It helps maintain the delicate balance of ecosystems and ensures the long-term survival of rare and endangered animal and plant species.

What is the National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan in Tunisia?

The National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP) is a comprehensive plan that guides Tunisia’s efforts in protecting and managing biodiversity. It focuses on the conservation of biological diversity, sustainable use of biodiversity, and equitable sharing of biodiversity, among other key areas.

What initiatives are in place for biodiversity conservation in Tunisia?

Tunisia has established initiatives such as gene banks for genetic diversity preservation and botanical gardens for conservation, research, and education. The country also has action plans for the sustainable use of agricultural species.

What is Tunisia doing to contribute to the Aichi Biodiversity Targets?

Tunisia has updated its National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP) to align with the global Aichi Biodiversity Targets. The country prioritizes genetic diversity preservation and the protection and management of ecosystems through the establishment of protected areas.

How does ecotourism contribute to biodiversity conservation in Tunisia?

Ecotourism in Tunisia promotes sustainable and responsible tourism, benefiting both local communities and biodiversity conservation. It offers visitors the opportunity to experience the country’s natural heritage while supporting local conservation efforts.

What support mechanisms are in place for biodiversity conservation in Tunisia?

Tunisia has a comprehensive legal framework, including environmental legislation and funding mechanisms for conservation projects. The country also has capacity-building programs to enhance expertise in biodiversity management and coordination among stakeholders.

What is the capacity for biodiversity management and conservation in Tunisia?

Tunisia possesses significant expertise and capacities in biodiversity management and conservation, with various stakeholders contributing to sustainable management. The country recognizes the value of traditional knowledge and integrates it with contemporary conservation strategies.

What is the impact of ecotourism on biodiversity in Tunisia?

Ecotourism plays a significant role in promoting biodiversity conservation in Tunisia. By emphasizing responsible travel and supporting local communities, it helps protect biodiversity while contributing to the socioeconomic development of the region.

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