Ukuqina kwemithambo-luvo kunye nendawo eyakhiweyo-Isizathu sokuba ingqondo yakho ifune izixeko ezingcono
Uzinzo lwe-Neurosustainability kunye neNdawo eyakhiweyo kunye nomfundi we-Cambridge Scholarship, uMohamed Hesham Khalil
Ukuqina kwe-Neurosistence kunye neNdawo eyakhiweyo: Kutheni ubuchopho bakho bufuna izixeko ezingcono
Wamkelekile kuthotho oluncinci lwe-Constructive Voices olujongana nozinzo lwe-neuro kunye nendawo eyakhiweyo.
“Ingqondo ayiyonto icacileyo… ihlala itshintsha.” UMohamed Hesham Khalil
Siphanda umsebenzi we Umfundi wezifundo zaseCambridge, uMohamed Hesham Khalil, which we believe should be integrated into planning and architecture around the world.
Mohamed also brings other top global experts to your ears during this short series of podcasts.
Jonga iSiqendu 1 esingezantsi okanye kwi-app yakho oyithandayo ye-podcast. Emva koko, emva kokuba ungamamela iSiqendu sesi-2.
Kuthekani ukuba ukuzinza akuphelelanga ngaphandle kokuba kubandakanya ingqondo?
In this opening episode, architect and Cambridge PhD candidate Mohammed Hesham Khalil introduces neurosustainability—a way of thinking about buildings and cities that asks how everyday environments shape mental health, cognition, stress levels, and long-term brain resilience.
“Uzinzo… kufuneka lubandakanye wonke umntu kwaye lubandakanye nengqondo.” UMohammed Hesham Khalil
Jackie and Mohammed explore how the built environment influences us in ways we often overlook: the presence (or absence) of nature, whether our days include movement, how much variety and “spatial complexity” we experience, and how factors like air pollution can undermine health—even in places that look green on the surface.
This episode sets the foundation for the series: a practical, research-informed conversation about designing places that support the brain—not just the building.
Esi siqendu senzelwe nabani na owenza izigqibo ezichaphazela indlela abantu hlala ngaphakathi kwiindawo—naye nabani na okhe waziva, ngokobuqu, ukuba iindawo ezithile ziyakuphakamisa okanye ziyakurhuqa.
“Akukona nje kuphela malunga noyilo lwezakhiwo… kukwakho nendlela esiphila ngayo.” UMohamed Hesham Khalil
Abantu abafuna ngokwenene ukumamela
Abayili bezakhiwo kunye nabayili (ingakumbi ukuba ukhathalele impilo-ntle ngaphaya koluhlu lwezinto "zokukhanya nomoya")
Abacwangcisi bezixeko kunye nabacwangcisi bezothutho working on walkability, density, public realm, and mobility
Developers & project managers ukwenza utshintshiselwano phakathi kweendleko, indawo, iimpawu eziluhlaza, kunye nokuhlala ixesha elide
Local authorities, policy people, and public health teams looking for stronger links between place and mental health
Iingcali zozinzo abafuna inkcazo epheleleyo yegama elithi "izinto ezizinzileyo" equka ubuchopho bomntu, kungekhona ikhabhoni kuphela
Abayili bezakhiwo zendalo kunye nabayili beendawo zikawonke-wonke ukuyila iipaki, imbonakalo yesitalato, kunye "nendalo yemihla ngemihla"
Iinkokheli zeendawo zokusebenza/izibonelelo ukucinga ngeeofisi, iikhampasi, intshukumo, kunye noxinzelelo
Abaphandi kunye nabafundi in architecture, planning, neuroscience, psychology, public health, or environmental science
Uza kufumana lukhulu kuyo ukuba…
Umhlali wesixeko uziva ediniwe, exhalabile, okanye exinezelekile engqondweni, kwaye ndizibuza ukuba "nguwe" kangakanani xa kuthelekiswa nokusingqongileyo
Umntu ofuna izizathu ezilula nezisebenzayo zokuhamba ngakumbi aze aphume ngaphandle (ngaphandle kwe-fluff yempilo-ntle)
Nabani na onomdla kwikamva lezixeko ezisempilweni—ingakumbi emva kobhubhane
Ngubani lowo ngakumbi luncedo kwi
Ukuba umsebenzi wakho uyachukumisa walkability, green space, air quality, or urban stress, esi siqendu sikunika ulwimi kunye noyilo lophando ukuze uchaze kutheni kubalulekile ngendlela abantu abayithatha nzulu ngayo loo nto.
Uza kufunda ntoni kwesi siqendu
Intoni neurosustainability kuthetha, kwaye kutheni uMohammed esithi siyayidinga njengesakhelo
Indlela ukuvalwa kwekhaya okutshintshe ngayo iingqondo zethu imihla ngemihla ngokunciphisa ihlabathi lethu nokunciphisa ubunzima bendawo
Intoni ukutyetyiswa kokusingqongileyo is and why it matters for brain health across the lifespan
Ngoba ukuhambahamba kufuneka kuxoxwe ngayo njengesihloko sempilo yengqondo nengqondo, kungekuphela nje esothutho
Njani ukuvezwa kwendalo kwaye intshukumo can act as protective factors—especially in high-stress urban living
Kutheni umgangatho womoya ubalulekile njengendawo eluhlaza, kwaye indlela ukuvezwa okuxutyiweyo okunokutshintsha ngayo iziphumo
Oku kuthetha ukuthini ngezigqibo zokwakha kunye nocwangciso ezenzekayo ngoku
“Buyela kwindalo… uze uguqulele indalo kwiindawo zethu ezakhiweyo.” UMohamed Hesham Khalil
Imixholo ephambili
I-Neuroplasticity: ingqondo yakho isabela kwindawo okuyo
Umyalezo ophambili ovela kuMohammed kukuba ingqondo iyatshintshatshintsha. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, oko sikubona rhoqo—intshukumo, uxinzelelo, ukudinwa, indalo, ukukhuthazwa—kunokuchaphazela indlela esisebenza nesiziva ngayo.
Ukutyebisa okusingqongileyo: indalo + intshukumo + iintlobo ngeentlobo
Esi siqendu sihlola ukutyeba njengendibaniselwano yezinto eziluncedo kakhulu kwiimvakalelo, intshukumo engakumbi, kunye namava ahlukeneyo—izinto ubomi banamhlanje obudla ngokuzihlutha.
Ukuhambahamba yindlela yokungenelela kwengqondo efihlakeleyo emehlweni
Xa ubomi bemihla ngemihla buquka ukuhambahamba ngokwendalo, okuphindaphindiweyo—ingakumbi kwiindawo ezinomdla—kunokuxhasa iindawo zengqondo ezibandakanyeka kwinkumbulo, ukuhambahamba, kunye nokulawula iimvakalelo.
Indawo eluhlaza ayisosisombululo esimangalisayo ukuba umgangatho womoya awukho semgangathweni
One of the strongest practical points: well-being is shaped by multiple exposures at once. Trees help, but not if the route there is a pollution corridor.
Iingxelo zesayensi ngokwexesha lengxoxo ye-podcast
3:14
Khalil, M. H., & Steemers, K. (2024). Housing environmental enrichment, lifestyles, and public health indicators of neurogenesis in humans: A pilot study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 21(12), 1553.
Nik Ramli, NN, Kamarul Sahrin, NA, Nasarudin, SNAZ, Hashim, MH, Abdul Mutalib, M., Mohamad Alwi, MN, … kunye noRamasamy, R. (2024). Ukuvezwa Okukhawulelweyo Kwemihla Ngemihla Kokutyetyiswa Kwendalo: Ukuvala Umsantsa Osebenzayo Kwizifundo Zezilwanyana ukuya Kwisicelo Somntu. Ijenali Yamazwe Ngamazwe Yophando Lwendalo kunye Nempilo Yoluntu, 21(12), 1584.
Fares, RP, Belmeguenai, A., Sanchez, PE, Kouchi, HY, Bodennec, J., Morales, A., … kunye noBezin, L. (2013). Ukutyetyiswa okusemgangathweni kwendalo kuxhasa ukuphuculwa kobungqingili kwiimpuku ezisempilweni kwaye kuthintela ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kwiimpuku ezinesithuthwane. PloS one, 8(1), e53888.
Crouzier, L., Gilabert, D., Rossel, M., Trousse, F., kunye noMaurice, T. (2018). Imemori yeTopographical ehlalutywe kwiimpuku kusetyenziswa uvavanyo lweHamlet, i-maze entsha eyinkimbinkimbi. I-Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, 149, 118-134.
Khalil, MH (2024). Ukutyebisa okusingqongileyo: Uphononongo olucwangcisiweyo malunga nempembelelo yokutshintsha kobunzima bendawo kwi-hippocampal neurogeneis kunye ne-plasticity kwiimpuku, kunye nokuqwalaselwa kokuguqulelwa kwiindawo zasezidolophini nezakhiweyo zabantu. Frontiers in neuroscience, 18, 1368411.
3:52
Khalil, MH (2024). Ukufikeleleka kwendalo kwimisebenzi yomzimba, ukuzinza kwemithambo-luvo, kunye nempilo yengqondo: ukulinganisa amandla endalo esakhiweyo okugcina ukukhululwa kwe-BDNF ngokufikelela kwi-metabolic equivalents (METs). Brain Sciences, 14(11), 1133.
Puccinelli, P. J., da Costa, T. S., Seffrin, A., de Lira, C. A. B., Vancini, R. L., Nikolaidis, P. T., … & Andrade, M. S. (2021). Reduced level of physical activity during COVID-19 pandemic is associated with depression and anxiety levels: an internet-based survey. BMC public health, 21(1), 425.
Benke, C., Autenrieth, L. K., Asselmann, E., & Pané-Farré, C. A. (2022). Stay-at-home orders due to the COVID-19 pandemic are associated with elevated depression and anxiety in younger, but not older adults: results from a nationwide community sample of adults from Germany. Psychological Medicine, 52(15), 3739-3740.
UCoughenour, C., Gakh, M., Pharr, JR, Bungum, T., kunye noJalene, S. (2021). Utshintsho kuxinzelelo kunye nomsebenzi womzimba phakathi kwabafundi basekholejini kwikhampasi eyahlukeneyo emva komyalelo wokuhlala ekhaya ngenxa ye-COVID-19. Ijenali yezempilo yoluntu, 46(4), 758-766.
Wolf, S., Seiffer, B., Zeibig, JM, Welkerling, J., Brokmeier, L., Atrott, B., … kunye noSchuch, FB (2021). Ngaba umsebenzi womzimba unxulumene nokudakumba okuncinci kunye nokuxhalaba ngexesha lobhubhane we-COVID-19? Uphononongo olucwangcisiweyo olukhawulezileyo. Sports Medicine, 51(8), 1771-1783.
4:17
Khalil, M. H. (2025). The Impact of Walking on BDNF as a Biomarker of Neuroplasticity: A Systematic Review. Brain Sciences, 15(3), 254.
Phillips, C. (2017). I-neurotrophic factor evela ebuchotsheni, ukudakumba, kunye nomsebenzi womzimba: ukwenza unxibelelwano lwe-neuroplastic. I-neural plasticity, 2017(1), 7260130.
5:30
U-Elliott, T., uLiu, KY, uHazan, J., uWilson, J., uVallipuram, H., uJones, K., … kunye noHoward, R. (2025). I-Hippocampal neurogeneis kwi-primates yabantu abadala: uphononongo olucwangcisiweyo. I-Molecular Psychiatry, 30(3), 1195-1206.
UZhou, Y., Su, Y., Yang, Q., Li, J., Hong, Y., Gao, T., … kunye noSong, H. (2025). Uhlalutyo lweentlobo ngeentlobo lwe-hippocampal neurogeneis yabantu abadala lubonisa ukubonakaliswa kwezakhi zofuzo ezithile zomntu kodwa iinkqubo zebhayoloji eziguquguqukayo. I-Nature neuroscience, 28(9), 1820-1829.
Spalding, KL, Bergmann, O., Alkass, K., Bernard, S., Salehpour, M., Huttner, HB, … kunye noFrisén, J. (2013). Utshintsho lwe-hippocampal neurogeneis kubantu abadala. Cell, 153(6), 1219-1227.
6.09
UMieske, P., Hobbiesiefken, U., Fischer-Tenhagen, C., Heinl, C., Hohlbaum, K., Kahnau, P., … kunye noDiederich, K. (2022). Ngaba ukruqukile ekhaya? — Uphononongo olucwangcisiweyo malunga nempembelelo yokutyebisa okusingqongileyo kwimpilo-ntle yeempuku zelebhu kunye neempuku. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 9, 899219.
UMcCormick, BP, Brusilovskiy, E., Sneten, G., Klein, L., Townley, G., kunye noSalzer, MS (2022). Ukuphuma endlwini: Ubudlelwane bokungena kuluntu kunye nokuqonda ingqondo phakathi kwabantu abadala abanesifo sengqondo esinzulu. Ijenali yoKuvuselela ingqondo, 45(1), 18.
6:54
Khalil, MH (2025). IiNdawo eziLuhlaza zoBuchopho obuZinzileyo: IiParameters Shaping Adaptive Neuroplasticity and Lifespan Neurosustainability—A Systematic Review and Future Guidelines. Ijenali yeHlabathi yoPhando lweNdalo kunye neMpilo yoLuntu, 22(5), 690.
Khalil, MH (2024). Uzinzo lwe-Neurosus. Imingcele kwi-Human Neuroscience, 18, 1436179.
8:51
UKempermann, G., Kuhn, HG, kunye noGage, FH (1997). Ii-neurons ze-hippocampal ezingaphezulu kwiimpuku ezindala ezihlala kwindawo etyebileyo. Nature, 386(6624), 493-495.
Funabashi, D., Tsuchida, R., Matsui, T., Kita, I., kunye noNishijima, T. (2023). Indawo yokuhlala eyandisiweyo kunye nobunzima bendawo obandayo kuphucula i-hippocampal neurogeneis kodwa akwandisi umsebenzi womzimba kwiimpuku. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 5, 1203260.
9:14
Rossi, C., Angelucci, A., Costantin, L., Braschi, C., Mazzantini, M., Babbini, F., … kunye noCaleo, M. (2006). I-Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) iyimfuneko ekuphuculeni i-hippocampal neurogenesis emva kokutyebisa okusingqongileyo. I-European Journal of Neuroscience, 24(7), 1850-1856.
9:47
USchmidt, HD, kunye noDuman, RS (2010). I-BDNF engaphandle ivelisa iziphumo ezifana ne-antidepressant kwiimodeli zeseli kunye nokuziphatha. Neuropsychopharmacology, 35(12), 2378-2391.
Zhou, C., Zhong, J., Zou, B., Fang, L., Chen, J., Deng, X., … kunye noLei, T. (2017). Uhlalutyo lwe-meta-analyses lokusebenza ngokuthelekisa amayeza okudakumba kwi-peripheral BDNF concentration kwizigulane ezine-depression. PloS one, 12(2), e0172270.
9:56
Toader, C., Serban, M., Munteanu, O., Covache-Busuioc, RA, Enyedi, M., Ciurea, AV, & Tataru, CP (2025). Ukusuka kwi-synaptic plasticity ukuya kwi-Neurodegeneration: I-BDNF njengenjongo yokuguqula amayeza. Ijenali yeHlabathi yeeSayensi zeMolekyuli, i-26 (9), i-4271.
UYang, T., uNie, uZ., uShu, uH., uKuang, uY., uChen, uX., uCheng, uJ., … kunye noLiu, uH. (2020). Indima ye-BDNF kwi-neural plasticity kwi-depression. Frontiers in cellular neuroscience, 14, 82.
USchmidt, S., Gull, S., Herrmann, KH, Boehme, M., Irintchev, A., Urbach, A., … kunye noWitte, OW (2021). Ukwakheka okuxhomekeke kumava kwingqondo yomntu omdala: Indlela ingqondo efundayo ekhula ngayo. Neuroimage, 225, 117502.
10:14
Khalil, MH (2024). Imodeli esebenzisana ne-BDNF ye-hippocampal neurogeneis ezinzileyo ebantwini: Iziphumo ze-synergistic zomsebenzi womzimba ohambelana nokusingqongileyo, ukuvuselelwa kwengqondo, kunye nokukhumbula. Ijenali yeHlabathi yeSayensi yeMolecular, 25(23), 12924.
10:54
Khalil, M. H. (2025). Borderline in a linear city: Urban living brings borderline personality disorder to crisis through neuroplasticity—an urgent call to action. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 15, 1524531.
Khalil, MH & Steemers, K. (2026). Neurobiophilia. IiNzululwazi zengqondo.
12.04
Khalil, M. H. (2025). Urban physical activity for neurogenesis: infrastructure limitations. Frontiers in Public Health, 13, 1638934.
Bos, I., Jacobs, L., Nawrot, TS, De Geus, B., Torfs, R., Panis, LI, … kunye noMeeusen, R. (2011). Akukho kunyuka kwe-serum BDNF okubangelwa kukuzilolonga emva kokukhwela ibhayisekile kufutshane nendlela enkulu yezithuthi. Iileta ze-Neuroscience, 500(2), 129-132.
UPu, F., uChen, W., uLi, C., uFu, J., uGao, W., uMa, C., … kunye noLiu, Z. (2024). Unxulumano olungafaniyo lwezinto ezidityanisiweyo zokusingqongileyo kunye nemilinganiselo yokwaluphala emininzi. Unxibelelwano lwendalo, 15(1), 4921.
13:19
UKühn, S., Düzel, S., Eibich, P., Krekel, C., Wüstemann, H., Kolbe, J., … kunye noLindenberger, U. (2017). Ukukhangela iimpawu ezenza "indawo etyebileyo" ebantwini: Unxibelelwano phakathi kweempawu zejografi kunye nesakhiwo sobuchopho. Iingxelo zenzululwazi, 7(1), 11920.
USudimac, S., uSale, V., kunye noKühn, S. (2022). Indlela indalo ekhulisa ngayo: Umsebenzi we-Amygdala uyancipha ngenxa yokuhamba iyure enye kwindalo. I-Molecular psychiatry, 27(11), 4446-4452.
UHarris, JC, uLiuzzi, MT, uCardenas-Iniguez, C., uLarson, CL, kunye noLisdahl, KM (2023). Unxibelelwano lwenethiwekhi-amygdala kunye nesithuba esingesiso isithuba kunye nemo emiselweyo. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 17, 1167786.
14.13
URichelli, L., uArioli, M., kunye noCanessa, N. (2025). Uzinzo lwe-Neuro: Uphononongo lwe-Scoping kwi-Neuro-Cognitive Bases of Sustainable Decision-Making. Brain Sciences, 15(7), 678.
14:48
Khalil, MH (2025). Ukuhamba kunye nokwakheka kweHippocampal Utshintsho lomthamo: Uhlolo olucwangcisiweyo. IiSayensi zoBuchongo, 15(1), 52.
UCerin, E., uRainey-Smith, SR, uAmes, D., uLautenschlager, NT, uMacaulay, SL, uFowler, C., … kunye no-Ellis, KA (2017). Unxulumano lwemekobume yommelwane neziphumo zomfanekiso wengqondo kwi-Australian Imaging, Biomarkers kunye ne-Lifestyle cohort. I-Alzheimer's & Dementia, 13(4), 388-398.
USudimac, S., kunye noKühn, S. (2024). Ngaba ukuhamba kwendalo kungatshintsha ingqondo yakho? Ukuphanda ukwakheka kobuchopho behippocampal emva kweyure enye ehlathini. Uphando lweNdalo, 262, 119813.
16:32
UKhalil, MH, kunye noSteemers, K. (2025). Izakhiwo zeBrain Booster: Ukumisela Ukusetyenziswa kwezinyuko njenge-Booster yemihla ngemihla ye-Neurotrophic Factor evela kubuchopho. Izakhiwo, 15(20), 3730.
17:44
UMoreno-Jiménez, EP, Terreros-Roncal, J., Flor-García, M., Rábano, A., & Llorens-Martín, M. (2021). Ubungqina bomntu omdala we-hippocampal neurogenesis ebantwini. Ijenali ye-Neuroscience, i-41 (12), i-2541-2553.
19:44
Park, SA, Lee, AY, Park, HG, & Lee, WL (2019). Iingenelo zemisebenzi yokulima igadi yomsebenzi wokuqonda ngokwemilinganiselo yamanqanaba okukhula kwemithambo-luvo yobuchopho. Ijenali yamazwe ngamazwe yophando lwendalo kunye nempilo yoluntu, 16(5), 760.
20:59
Khalil, MH (2026). I-Architectural Spatial Complexity Index (A-SCI): Isixhobo soVavanyo loLwakhiwo lwe-Hippocampal Neurogenesis ngokusebenzisa i-Cognitive Enrichment. [Ezayo]
21:59
UShin, N., uRodrigue, KM, uYuan, M., kunye noKennedy, KM (2024). Ubunzima bendalo, umthamo wobuchopho bendawo, kunye nokuziphatha kwendawo kuyo yonke i-Alzheimer's disease spectrum. I-Alzheimer's kunye ne-Dementia: Ukuxilongwa, Uvavanyo kunye nokuBekwa kweliso kwiSifo, 16(1), e12551.
24:38
UKhalil, MH kunye noSteemers, K. (2026). I-Neurobiophilia Index. Izakhiwo. [Ezayo].
Malunga noMohammed Hesham Khalil
UMohammed Hesham Khalil ngumphandi wezakhiwo kunye nophando lwe-neuroscience, kwaye ungumfundi wePhD kwiYunivesithi yaseCambridge.
Umsebenzi wakhe uhlola ubudlelwane phakathi kokutyebisa okusingqongileyo, i-neurogeneis, kunye nendawo eyakhiweyo, ngenjongo yokuphuhlisa isakhelo esisebenzayo sokugcinwa kwe-neurosus kwizakhiwo kunye ne-urbanism.
yombhalo
Nceda uqaphele ukuba umbhalo wenziwe ngedijithali kwaye usenokuba neempazamo.
[00:00:00]Voice Over: This is Constructive Voices. Constructive Voices, the podcast for the construction people with news, views and expert interviews.
[00:00:12] UMark: Wamkelekile kuthotho lweencwadi zeConstructive Voices ezigxila kwi-neurosustainability kunye nendawo eyakhiweyo.
Siphanda umsebenzi womfundi wezifundo zaseCambridge uMohammad Hesham Khalil, esikholelwa ukuba ufanele udityaniswe nocwangciso kunye noyilo lwezakhiwo kwihlabathi liphela.
UMohammed ukwazisa nezinye iingcali zehlabathi ezibalaseleyo ezindlebeni zakho ngeli xesha lifutshane leepodcasts.
Ngendlela, esi siqendu sinolwazi oluninzi kakhulu esikholelwa ukuba uninzi lwenu luza kufuna ukuphanda ngakumbi.
Ngenxa yesi sizathu, iphepha lolwazi olubhaliweyo lwesi siqendu liqulathe icandelo lophando oluthe kratya oluneentlobo ngeentlobo zeereferensi zesayensi.
[00:00:52] Jackie De Burca: Molo okanye molo emva kwemini. Lo nguJackie De Burca apha kwiConstructive Voices. Ndinento endikholelwa ukuba iya kuba ludliwanondlebe olunomdla kakhulu kuwe namhlanje. Ndikunye noMohammad Hesham Coming Khalil. Kwaye okwangoku usebenza kwithiyori emangalisayo yozinzo lwemithambo-luvo enxulumene nendawo eyakhiweyo. Ngenzuzo yabaphulaphuli bethu kwiConstructive Voices. Mohamed, enkosi ngokuthatha ixesha lokuba nathi namhlanje. Ungazazisa nje ngokufutshane?
[00:01:19] Mohamed Hesham Khalil: Ndiyavuya. Molo nonke. NdinguMohammed. Ndingumyili wezakhiwo, umphandi kwi-neuroscience, kunye nomviwa wePhD kwiYunivesithi yaseCambridge, ndihlola ukudibana kokuphucuka kwendalo kunye ne-neurogeneis njengenxalenye yomsebenzi wokufezekisa uzinzo lwenu. Ngokukodwa, ingqwalasela yam ekuphuculeni indalo iqala kwimeko-bume yasezidolophini ize idlulele kwizicelo zokwakha ukuphucula i-neurogeneis ngokusebenzisa ukuphucuka kwe-motor, cognitive kunye nokubona.
[00:01:47] UJackie De Burca: Yintoni eyakutsalela kuqala ukuba uphonononge esi sidibano phakathi kwe-neuroscience kunye ne-architecture?
[00:01:54] Mohamed Hesham Khalil: Kwakungexesha lokuvalelwa, ukuba ndinyanisekile, xa ndaqala ukubona abantu abaninzi beziva bedakumbile kwaye benamanqanaba aphezulu okuxhalaba, oko kwaqala kwinto yokuba yinto ethile malunga nendawo eyakhiweyo, kwaye ngakumbi ukuba abanye abantu baye bahlala benazo ezo mpawu nasemva kokuvalelwa. Ngoko ke olo tshintsho ukusuka ekufumaneni indawo eyakhiweyo ngendlela ethile uze ubuyele umva lwalululumkiso. Ukuqala ukubona olu lwalamano phakathi kwendawo eyakhiweyo kunye nengqondo yomntu, kuba ndiyazi ukuba lunxulunyaniswa nempilo yengqondo kunye nokusebenza kwengqondo yayiyeyona nto iphambili. Kwaye ndaqala njengokuhlola oku ngexesha leMasters yam. Yayibandakanya izifundo ezahlukeneyo phakathi koyilo kunye ne-neuroscience, i-neuroscience esetyenzisiweyo ngokukodwa. Kwaye ke yayililo elo nqanaba lokusuka, ngokusekelwe apho ndaqala ukwenza iPhD yam kwiYunivesithi yaseCambridge ukuze ndihlole le mpembelelo yendawo eyakhiweyo kwi-neuroplasticity ngokunzulu ngakumbi.
[00:03:01] Jackie De Burca: Kulungile, kumnandi kakhulu. Ngoku ndixelele nzulu kancinci, Mohammed, yintoni eyayikuphawulile malunga nokuvalelwa ekhaya kunye nengqondo?
[00:03:09] Mohamed Hesham Khalil: Ewe, ngokusisiseko oko kwaqinisekiswa kamva ngexesha lophando lovavanyo esilwenzileyo apha eCambridge, kodwa kwakumalunga nokunciphisa ukuvezwa kwinto esiyibiza ngokuba yiSayensi, ubunzima bendawo, ukuba buninzi kwindawo engaphandle kwaye kuninzi kwiindawo zendalo kunakwiindawo zasezidolophini. Kodwa xa sichitha ixesha elingakumbi ngaphakathi, oko akulunganga kwiingqondo zethu. Kwaye kukho ubungqina obukhulayo. Kunqabile, kodwa kukho ubungqina obaneleyo bokuxhasa le ngcamango ayibangelwa nje kukulahlekelwa kukuvezwa kubunzima bendawo ephezulu, kodwa kunye nokuncipha kwemisebenzi yomzimba, ukudakumba kunye nokuxhalaba, nokuba phakathi kwabantu abasempilweni, kungekhona abaneengxaki ezinkulu zokudakumba. Kodwa sele siyazi ukuba kukho ezinye izifundo ezibonise ukuba abantu ababesebenza ngokomzimba ekhaya banamanqanaba aphantsi okudakumba kunye nokuxhalaba. Kwaye isayensi ithi ukudakumba kunye nenxalenye yengqondo, ngakumbi i-dentate gyrus kwi-hippocampus, apho into ebizwa ngokuba yi-neurogenesis yenzeka khona. Kwaye ezinye ii-biomarkers, uyazi, zenzeka njengonxantathu oxelela okuninzi malunga nendlela indawo eyakhiweyo echaphazela ngayo le ndawo yangaphakathi yebhayoloji.
Ukubuyela ngaphandle apho abantu banokuba neendlela zokuphila ezixakekileyo, ukujongana nobunzima bendawo, njalo njalo, kwaba yeyona nto ibalulekileyo.
[00:04:36] Jackie De Burca: Nditsho ukuthi, ngumxholo onomdla kakhulu kuba ndicinga, uyazi, nge-COVID kunye nokuvalelwa ekhaya kwiminyaka embalwa eyadlulayo, sirekhoda oku ngo-2025. Uyazi, kuseyinto echaphazele abantu kunye namalungu eentsapho zabo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ngoko ke lo mxholo, nangona ungowesayensi kakhulu, ndicinga ukuba unxulumene kakhulu nabantu, akunjalo?
[00:04:54] Mohamed Hesham Khalil: Ndiyavuma.
[00:04:55] Jackie De Burca: Ngoko ke wena ngokwakho, ngokucacileyo ubukwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomsebenzi wakho nezifundo zakho, eCairo, eBoston naseCambridge. Ngaba uqaphele ukuba ezo ndawo ziye zayichaphazela njani indlela ocinga ngayo ngendawo kunye nokuphila kakuhle?
[00:05:08] Mohamed Hesham Khalil: Ewe, eneneni, kuba inxalenye yobunzima bendawo, uyazi, ndingathanda ukuyichaza ngokufutshane ngaphambi kokuba ndichaze indlela endinxulumana ngayo ngqo nale mava. Asinabo ubungqina obufumanekayo ebantwini malunga nobunzima bendawo, kodwa sinobungqina obuninzi obusekelwe kwiimodeli zezilwanyana. Kwaye oku kusenokufana nokuhlekisa, kodwa ingqondo yomntu kunye nobuchopho bezilwanyana ziyafana kakhulu. Ngoko ke ukutshintsha okusingqongileyo, le nkqubo ngokwayo kukuhlaziya ubunzima bendawo esichatshazelwe kuyo. Ukusuka kwelinye ilizwe ukuya kwelinye size sibuyele umva. Emva kwexesha elithile ndisebenza kwiPhD yam ndibuyele umva, ndaqala ukuqaphela ezo nguqu. Kwaye oko kwakuxhasa ingcamango endandinayo engqondweni yokuba kungekuphela nje ukulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi womzimba owawuchaphazela imeko yonke, kodwa ngenxa yokuba umsebenzi womzimba uyinxalenye efana nokuphila ngokukhululekileyo, akufuneki uyenze ibe yinto ecwangcisiweyo. Kodwa nokutshintsha indawo kubikwe kwizifundo ezimbalwa ukuba kuphucula imeko kwaye kuphucula ukusebenza kwengqondo.
Ngoko ke isempilweni ngokwenene. Ichatshazelwa ziintlobo ngeentlobo zobunzima bendawo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo nakwiindawo ezahlukeneyo.
[00:06:18] Jackie De Burca: I can agree with you because as some people already know, I am Irish and I’ve lived in Spain for an awfully long time, but I’ve also lived in Greece and also in the uk, so I have a little bit of my own experience of that. And I could say also that, yeah, when I come back over to Spain, having visited Ireland, I find this whole process that you’ve just explained very well.
[00:06:38] Mohamed Hesham Khalil: Ewe, ndiyazi. Kwaye unamabali anomdla malunga nendlela oko okwabangela ngayo ubuchule.
[00:06:42] Jackie De Burca: Inene. Ngoko ke masingene kwingqwalasela ephambili yomsebenzi wakho, igama elingundoqo, ukuba uthanda ukuzinza okutsha. Ungakuchaza njani, Mohammed, kumntu owuvayo loo nto okokuqala?
[00:06:55] Mohamed Hesham Khalil: Ewe. Ngoko ke, okokuqala, ingqondo ayibonakali. Ngoko ke ihlala itshintsha. Kwaye ezinye iinguqu zinokubonwa ngexesha elifutshane, ezinye njengexesha elide, kodwa ziyatshintsha.
Ngoko ke ingqondo iyatshintsha ngendlela eyakhayo xa ikwindawo yendalo.
Ngoko ke xa sisebenzisa igama elithi ukuzinza ukugcina iplanethi, kufuneka libandakanye kwaye libandakanye nengqondo. Ngoko ke loo nto yayiyinjongo yam ukugxininisa ukuzinza kwengqondo njengendlela yokuphila, ukwakha nokugcina impilo kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo. Singatsho ingqondo, ingqondo nokunye, kodwa ligama elibandakanyayo elikwacela umngeni kwiindlela ezikhoyo. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba igama elithi uyilo olutsha olusetyenziswa kakhulu lithatha icala elahlukileyo kwaye ligxile kakhulu kwiinkqubo zengqondo kwaye ngaphezulu, liyindlela yokuziphatha ngakumbi. Ngoko ke ndacinga ukuba sidinga igama elitsha elingundoqo, eligxininisa into engakhange iqwalaselwe okanye ingaqwalaselwanga. Ngenxa yengqwalasela enkulu. Nangona kunjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu, njengoko sibonile ngexesha lokuvalelwa.
[00:08:03] Jackie De Burca: Ewe. Ngoko ke, ewe, ewe bekukho amahlaya amaninzi kwimidiya yoluntu. Abantu baya kukhumbula oku, abantu befumana izinja, uyazi, ukuze bakwazi ukuphuma baye kwindalo nazo zonke ezo zinto. Ngoku ugxila ngokucacileyo kubunzima bendawo osele uyichukumisile kunye nokutyebisa okusingqongileyo. Oku kuyichaphazela njani ingqondo kwinqanaba lebhayoloji?
[00:08:20] Mohamed Hesham Khalil: Ewe. Ngoko ke sifunda lukhulu malunga nokutyebisa okusingqongileyo kwiimodeli zeempuku kuba zikwimeko elawulwayo ukususela ekuzalweni ukuya ekufeni. Kwaye abaphandi bakwazile ukuqonda impembelelo yobunzima bendawo, amavili okubaleka njalo njalo. Ngoko ke saqonda ukuba imeko-bume etyebileyo, nokuba siyichaza njani imodeli yesilwanyana okanye umntu, yinto ebalulekileyo ekukhuliseni ingqondo yomntu. Kwaye yiloo nto ingqondo yomntu eyifunayo ukuze ikhulise kwaye ixhase iimpendulo zayo ze-neuroplastic. Ingatshintsha ngendlela elungileyo, enokubonakaliswa kumthamo wobuchopho obandayo, amanqanaba aphezulu e-biomarker, njengoko sizibiza ngokuba zizinto zokukhula. Kukho enye ebizwa ngokuba yi-brain derived neurotrophic factor, i-BDNF phakathi kwezinye. Unxibelelwano phakathi kokutyebisa okusingqongileyo kunye nesiphumo sokuba sithi ukusebenza kwengqondo kunye nempilo yengqondo kunamanyathelo ongezelelweyo embindini. Ngoko ke ukuvezwa kokuqala kokutyebisa okusingqongileyo kuqala ukunyusa amanqanaba ezo zinto zokukhula ezinxulumene nezinye iindlela ezininzi zeemolekyuli. Kodwa oko kuthathwa ukuphucula ukusebenza kwengqondo.
Isebenza njengeyeza lokudakumba, njengoko kubonisiwe kuphando oluninzi. Kwaye kwangaxeshanye inegalelo ekwandiseni i-neuroplasticity yengqondo ngokunyusa umthamo wayo xa isabela kwi-synaptic plasticity okanye i-neurogenesis. Kodwa i-neurogenesis yinto engaqhelekanga kakhulu. Uyazi, imalunga nenkumbulo, kodwa ngokubanzi yinkqubo ethe ngqo nende esenza sicinge kwakhona ukuba sithatha ukutyebisa okusingqongileyo kwiindawo zethu lula na ukuba sifuna ngokwenene imodeli entsha kuthi njengabantu abakha indawo yabo.
[00:10:09] UJackie De Burca: Yeyiphi indima edlalwa nguMohammed kwindawo eyakhiweyo yemihla ngemihla ekubumbeni impilo yengqondo, ingakumbi ezidolophini?
[00:10:15] Mohamed Hesham Khalil: Yeah. With the rapid increase of urbanization, there are lots of things to talk about. First of all, spatial complexity, of course, and how the environment promotes and encourages everyday physical activity. That can be a moderate intensity walk or cycling. The more we rely on transportation, the more we are exposed to build further than natural environments. We’re losing more of the essence found in nature. And that in turn, you know, it doesn’t provide the brain with what it needs.
[00:10:43] Jackie De Burca: Kulungile, ngoko ke ndicinga ukuba enye yezinto ebendizicinga njengoko bendiphanda, uyazi, umsebenzi wakho ngaphambi kwengxoxo yethu yanamhlanje kukusebenzisa kwethu iimoto, izithuthi, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezithuthi, kwaye ukuba singaphakathi endlwini kuneminyaka embalwa nje ubudala, akunjalo? Ngoko ke ukuba uthelekisa oko nexesha elide kangaka ngaphambili kwaye ndiyazi ukuba sisihloko esahlukileyo. Kodwa ukuba ujonga ii-gene downs ezivela kookhokho bethu, inkumbulo ye-genetic, zonke ezo zinto, akuyonto iqhelekileyo ukuba sibambeke kwiibhokisi nakwiinkqubo zezothutho ezisebenza ngoomatshini, akunjalo?
[00:11:15] Mohamed Hesham Khalil: Yeah, exactly. And it’s very critical for our evolution. Why we need to reconsider, consider this is because we are moving forward. And if we look forward, it would be like maybe not good for our brains. Maybe the next generation will not benefit from what we’re doing right now. So yeah, we may really touch on important topics that may seem irrelevant, but they are part of this debate. Climate change, for instance, it is affecting the innate spatial complexity found in nature. So we are not just building environments that are in which. But we need to sustain the environment enrichment that is found in nature. And also, like you mentioned, transportation is really important because pollution has been found to impair the increase in growth factors and other molecules. Even if we make our environments more green, if there is high air pollution that has it, it’s called like an antagonistic variable, so counteracts the positive impact of. Of an enriched element.
Ngoko ke iyinkimbinkimbi kwaye iyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukujonga yonke into. Yintoni ukutyebisa okusingqongileyo? Akupheleli nje kwimisebenzi yomzimba kunye nobunzima bendawo. Ingaphakathi kwiingxaki esinazo kwisizukulwana sethu.
[00:12:24] UJackie De Burca: Kuba nje yenye yezihloko eziye zaxutyushwa kwiziqendu ezidlulileyo, umthetho we eziphilayo kwaye loo nzuzo yaqala ukusebenza e-UK. Kodwa ke kwangaxeshanye, kubekho iingxoxo ezininzi ezintsha kunye nokulungiswa kunye nokungaqiniseki ngayo. Enye yezinto esizame ukuzicebisa kunye nabanye beendwendwe zethu kukuba ukuba uphuhlisa indawo yokuhlala ezidolophini, kutheni ungafaki indalo eninzi kwaye ungayitshabalalisi indalo ekhoyo? Kuba ekugqibeleni, iya kuba yinto enqwenelekayo ngakumbi kubantu abafuna ukutyala imali okanye ukuhlala apho.
[00:12:53] Mohamed Hesham Khalil: Ngokufanelekileyo. Ndiyaqonda ukuba kutheni oku kungakhange kunikwe ngqalelo okanye ingqalelo eyaneleyo, kuba bekusandula ukuphuma ubungqina obuninzi obubonisa ukuba, ewe, indawo eluhlaza inempembelelo engqondweni kwaye indawo eyakhiweyo nayo inempembelelo, kodwa yahlukile. Ngoko ke, ekubeni ndinoxanduva lokuzinza, ndibona ukuza kungekuphela nje ekusindiseni iplanethi, kodwa sikwenzela thina, ngaphambi kweplanethi kwaye nangaphaya kweplanethi. Ngoko ke ndiyabona utshintsho oluza kuza kungekudala.
[00:13:23] Jackie De Burca: Ewe, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo oko kuya kwamkeleka kakhulu. Ngelishwa, kwakhona, andingomntu ogxekayo, kodwa ndithetha inyaniso ngabantu esithethe nabo kwaye siphanda nabo. Ngelishwa, njengabantu, i-ego iyathintela inkqubela phambili eyahlukeneyo. Kwaye xa uthetha nabantu malunga nokuba yintoni eza kubanceda bona kunye neentsapho zabo kunye nemali yabo, banokuyiqonda loo nto. Ngaphambili, ngelishwa, ngelishwa, imiba emikhulu.
[00:13:44] Mohamed Hesham Khalil: Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo. Kukho uphando oluzayo ngale nto. Andinakuxelela okungakumbi ngayo okwangoku, ngelishwa. Kodwa ewe, uchanekile ngokupheleleyo. Yinto abantu abacinga ngayo ngezinto ezibalulekayo ngaphambili, uyazi, becinga ngento ebaluleke ngakumbi, njengeplanethi okanye nantoni na elunge ngakumbi. Kodwa yiyo leyo. Yiyo ngokwenene. Ayihlukani, ngamacala amabini ento enye.
[00:14:09] Jackie De Burca: Mm. Kunjalo kanye. Amacala amabini eengqekembe ezifanayo kwizifundo zakho. Mohammed, ngokuhamba, okundichukumisayo, umsebenzi we-hippocampal, zeziphi ezinye zezona ziphumo zimangalisayo okanye eziqinisekisayo owazifumanayo?
[00:14:22] Mohamed Hesham Khalil: Ewe, bekumangalisa ngokwenene kuba akusiyo nje into yokuba i-hippocampus iyanda ngenxa yokubala amanyathelo amaninzi kunye nokuqina okuphezulu kokuhamba, kodwa kukwakukuhamba kwindawo eyakhiweyo. Yonke i-1km eyongezelelweyo yokuhamba ingaba ncinci. Kukho unxibelelwano oluchanekileyo phakathi kokwanda komthamo we-hippocampal kunye nokwanda kokuhamba ezixekweni. Ngoko ke akusiyo nje into ebonakalayo kwaye akusiyo nje into yongcoliseko, kodwa ikwamalunga nenxalenye yezixeko ezimbini. Enye into kukuba i-hippocampus ngokwayo iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kwaye inxalenye nganye yayo iphendula ngendlela eyahlukileyo ekuhambeni. Ngoko ke inxalenye malunga nokulawulwa kweemvakalelo izuza ngakumbi ekuhambeni okuphantsi kwindawo yendalo evuselelayo.
Nangona ukuhamba ngamandla aphezulu, umzekelo, kwandisa umthamo wezinye iindawo kwi-hippocampus ezinoxanduva lokusebenza kwengqondo. Ngoko ke kuyamangalisa ngokwenene ukuba akukho sisombululo sinye, kodwa siyayidinga le ntlobo-ntlobo kwaye siyayidinga le ngxaki.
[00:15:25] Jackie De Burca: Ngoku ndiza kucela ingcaciso emfutshane apho i-hippocampus ikhoyo kunye nento eyenzayo ngokulula.
[00:15:32] Mohamed Hesham Khalil: Ewe. Ngoko ke, kwinxalenye engaphandle yobuchopho, sine-frontal cortex, i-parietal cortex, njalo njalo, kunye ne-occipital, ne-temporal lobe. Ngoko ke lelo candelo liphambili elibonwa ngabantu abaninzi xa bebona umfanekiso wokwenyani wobuchopho. Kodwa ngaphakathi, embindini we-limbic system, sine-hippocampus enye kwi-hemispheres yasekunene neyasekhohlo. Inikwe elo gama kuba ibukeka njenge-hippocampus.
Kunjalo ke, njengayo nayiphi na enye inxalenye yengqondo yomntu itshintsha ubungakanani bayo ngenxa yemeko-bume nendlela yokuphila.
[00:16:07] Jackie De Burca: Uzilinganisa njani izinto ezinje ngexabiso eliphantsi okanye ubunzima bendawo?
[00:16:13] Mohamed Hesham Khalil: Ewe, ngoku ndisebenza kubunzima bendawo ixesha elingaphezu konyaka kuba oko kunokuguqulelwa kwiimodeli zeempuku. Kodwa leyo ndiyipapashileyo malunga nokufikeleleka kwendalo kwimisebenzi yomzimba malunga nendlela okusingqongileyo okunokubonelela ngayo ngeendawo zokuhamba kunye nezitebhisi, amathuba okukhwela ibhayisekile, nto leyo, njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, yonyusa izinto zokukhula kwingqondo yomntu kunye nenkqubo yemithambo-luvo ejikeleze umzimba, nto leyo ebalulekileyo ekukhuliseni i-neuroplasticity. Kuba, uyazi, thina. Kule modeli, ndilinganise ukufikeleleka kwendalo kwimisebenzi yomzimba ngokusebenzisa amandla Ixabiso, ngokukodwa kusetyenziswa izinto ezilinganayo kwi-metabolic. Umzekelo, ukuba uhamba ngamandla aphakathi kwamanyathelo ali-100 ngomzuzu, oko kulingana nomsebenzi womzimba ophakathi ongaphezulu kwe-3 metabolic equivalences kwimeko yakho yokuphumla, une-metabolic equivalence ye-1 kuphela kwi-3.5 metabolic equivalences kwaye uye phezulu. Oku kwandisa amathuba okwandisa amanqanaba ezinto ezikhula engqondweni esizikhankanyileyo ngaphambili, ezithi ke zona ziqale ukulawula i-neurogenesis kwi-hippocampus, nto leyo ethetha ukuzalwa kwee-neurons ezintsha engqondweni. Kuye kwaboniswa kutshanje ukuba le nkqubo iyaqhubeka kwanakwiminyaka elishumi yobomi bomntu. Ngoko ke akufuneki siyithathe lula le nto. Ibaluleke kakhulu. Kwaye nokwanda kwezo zinto zikhula kubalulekile ekwandiseni umthamo wobuchopho. Ibandakanyeka kwi-synaptic plasticity njalo njalo. Ngoko ke iqala ngokubalwa kwamanyathelo, kodwa ukubalwa kwamanyathelo ngamanyathelo kuxhomekeke ekuphuculeni impendulo yobuchopho.
[00:17:50] Jackie De Burca: Kuyamangalisa. Kuyamangalisa xa ucinga ngako. Andisayi kuphinda ndihambe ngendlela efanayo.
[00:17:53] Mohamed Hesham Khalil: Ewe, kulungile oko. Ngendlela eyahlukileyo.
[00:17:57] UJackie De Burca: Ewe, kulapho utyala khona loo mbewu yento eyenzekayo, uyazi, inomdla kakhulu. Ungasihambisa nje njengayo nayiphi na inqaku lakho lophando elivela uyilo kwinto oyifumanisileyo?
[00:18:08] Mohamed Hesham Khalil: Bendisebenza ekuyileni ezinye iimvavanyo, ukuba yiloo nto uyibuzayo. Sisoloko sijongene nemida yendlela yokusebenza kwicandelo loyilo lwezakhiwo kuba isakhula kwaye iyanda. Kunzima kakhulu ukufumana imvume yokuziphatha ngokuthatha iisampuli zegazi ebantwini, umzekelo, xa usenza olu phando lubalulekileyo. Lubandakanya izifundo ezahlukeneyo, kodwa lufuna amaqela amakhulu njalo njalo. Ngoko ke sineeyakhiwo ezininzi zovavanyo esisebenza kuzo, kodwa ukuphunyezwa kwalo kuthatha ixesha ngenxa yezo mida.
[00:18:38] Jackie De Burca: Hmm, kulungile, oko kuyaqondakala ndicinga. Kwakhona oku kukucamngca nje njengoko sincokola. Imeko efanelekileyo kukuba kubekho ubudlelwane nabanye babakhi abanobuchule bokuzinza, umzekelo.
[00:18:50] Mohamed Hesham Khalil: Yeah, exactly. And I think that in the industry as well, well start seeing the importance of this. I know that some are already having their own departments and they have a priority of how their own designed environments are impacting the brain. So yeah, it is growing and people are taking seriously in industries. I can see that the translatability of science into the industry as well happening very soon. Even if we have the current evidence, not just purely theoretical, but theoretically supported by evidence from other animal models and other synthesized human based evidence, not just from walking, but maybe gardening. Gardening is proven to increase that growth factor in the brain. So if we prove that walking at that intensity or using steer that way is sufficient, then it is to a great extent proven and it is translatable into the practice right away.
[00:19:48] Jackie De Burca: Ewe kona. Ngoko ke ngokoluvo lwakho, ngophando olwenzileyo, abantu abafana nabayili bezakhiwo, abacwangcisi kunye nabaphuhlisi bangaqala njani ukusebenzisa imigaqo yozinzo lwe-neurosustainability namhlanje?
[00:19:58] Mohamed Hesham Khalil: Ewe, zininzi iindlela ezinokwenziwa. Ndicinga ukuba eyokuqala neyona nto iphambili kukwandisa ukuhamba kunye namathuba okuzivocavoca umzimba ngokukhululekileyo. Oko kukukhuthaza ii-stereo, umzekelo, kuba. Kuba ndibonile ukuba izinyuko bezigcinwa njengeemeko ezingxamisekileyo kuphela kwaye akusekho ndlela yokutsiba izinyuko ukhwele ilifti. Ibisoloko iyinto eqhelekileyo.
Ngoko ke ewe, ndicinga ukuba abakhi bezakhiwo bangaqala ukujonga uyilo lwesakhiwo ngendlela eyahlukileyo kuba ukusetyenziswa koyilo ngokwalo kuchaphazela ingqondo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Enye ngokusebenzisa umsebenzi womzimba, enye ngokusebenzisa amathuba otshintsho olucetywayo. Ukuba unendlela enye kuphela yokufumana uyilo oludinisayo kwaye olungancediyo. Ngoko ke oko kukwicala loyilo lwesakhiwo. Kodwa uyilo lunemilinganiselo emininzi kwaye sinombono walo kwaye luyinxalenye yendalo yangaphakathi nangaphandle. Ngoko ke luncinci kakhulu. Ngoko ke, singazisa ubunzima bendawo kwingxoxo. Xa kufikwa kuyilo lwezakhiwo, ukuba neefacade zezakhiwo ezinobunzima obukhulu bendawo, uyazi, zenza ubunzima bendawo yonke yesixeko.
Ngoko ke ndicinga ukuba bafanele baqale ukunaka impembelelo yoyilo kuba uyilo ekugqibeleni luba ngumyili wezakhiwo kwaye iingqondo zethu zisabela kulo. Ngoko ke oko kukwabakhi bezakhiwo kunye nabacwangcisi basezidolophini kunye nabayili bezakhiwo. Ndicinga ukuba bafanele baqale ukukhuthaza, njengoko besitshilo, ngokufanayo nabakhi bezakhiwo, uyilo olungelulo oludinisayo, luhluke kakhulu. Uphando lubonisa ukuba ubunzima boyilo kwiindawo zasezidolophini bukhuthaza ukwanda komthamo we-hippocampal kunye nokunciphisa iimeko zesifo se-Alzheimer kunye nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuncinci. Kwaye nezinye izihloko ezibini ezibalulekileyo kukungcoliswa komoya kumthi, ubuninzi, obuya kuthi, uyazi, busebenzisane. Kodwa ukuba nendawo enongcoliseko oluphantsi kwaye ityebile kuluhlaza ngaxeshanye kubalulekile. Kubalulekile kwi-neuroplasticity.
[00:22:07] Jackie De Burca: Nditsho ukuthi, konke kunomdla kakhulu. Kwaye kwakhona, njengawe, umntu otshintshe iindawo, ndiyakwazi ukukuqonda oko mhlawumbi ngokukhawuleza kunabanye abantu abaye bahlala ubomi babo bonke kwindawo efanayo.
Mohammed, ngaba ikho imizekelo yezakhiwo okanye iindawo zasezidolophini ezisele zibonisa ezi ngcinga, nokuba zingaqondanga?
[00:22:26] Mohamed Hesham Khalil: Ukuba ndithetha inyani, bendingakhi ngabom isayensi yam kunye nethiyori kwizifundo ezithile zeemeko kuba ndifuna ukuqala ngenye indlela ndize ndibone ukuba izakhiwo ezahlukeneyo okanye iindawo zasezidolophini ziyazalisekisa na oko kuchazwa bubunzima bendawo okanye ukufikeleleka kwendalo kwimisebenzi yomzimba, umzekelo. Kodwa kukho uthelekiso phakathi kwamazwe ahlukeneyo, umzekelo, e-USA, lokuba ezinye iipatheni zegridi zasezidolophini ziyafana kakhulu kunezinye. Ngokusekelwe kubungqina esinabo ngoku malunga nobunzima boyilo kwiindawo zasezidolophini, ndicinga ukuba kufuneka kutshintshe ingqalelo kancinci kwaye kukhuthaze ezo zixeko kunye namazwe ahlukeneyo ukuba aphinde ajonge indlela yokubuyisela ukulahleka kobunzima bendawo kwindawo yawo.
[00:23:11] Jackie De Burca: Kulungile, ngoko ke zeziphi iinguqu zomgaqo-nkqubo okanye izikhokelo zocwangciso ongathanda ukuzibona zamkelwe eziya kuxhasa iindawo ezinobuhlobo nobuchopho?
[00:23:20] Mohamed Hesham Khalil: Oko kunomdla kakhulu kuba ndiyazi ukuba imigaqo-nkqubo emininzi sele ibandakanya amacandelo amalunga nempilo kunye nokuphila kakuhle, kodwa oko kusekelwe kubungqina obusekelwe kwiziphumo ezichazwe nguwe kunye nezinto ezingalinganiswanga ngokuchanekileyo. Ngoko ke ndicinga ukuba ukutshintsha oko kancinci ukuqala ukuchaza oko kufunekayo ngokusekelwe kwisayensi enzima kokona kufunekayo ngokukodwa kwisenzo sozinzo. Kuba oko kunokwenzeka. Ndicinga ukuba sele ifakiwe kuzinzo, kodwa ayifakwanga kakuhle.
Ndicinga ukuba ukuphinda sijonge kwakhona isigama kusetyenziswa ukunika ingqwalasela engakumbi kwiingongoma ezithile kunye namacandelo anokungahoywa kuba ingqwalasela engakumbi inikwa kulondolozo lwezoqoqosho okanye ulondolozo lwentlalo. Banika ingqwalasela engakumbi.
[00:24:09] Jackie De Burca: Sure. I mean, just throwing out a term that some people will be familiar with because we’re going to look at the built environment in more depth now that we’ve introduced the actual concept. Biophilic design is obviously something that is kind of linked to your research in its own way, even though it’s not. It’s a separate body, if you like.
[00:24:25] Mohamed Hesham Khalil: Yeah, it’s not separate at all. And there is a piece I’m working on right now about biophilic design because it stands out a little bit as different, even different from green architecture. But biophilic architecture specifically is more inclusive and our brains are biophilic. So translating the current evidence we have about green environments is really important and vital so that we understand how biophilic architecture and biophilic interiors can in turn be promoters of newer sustainability. Because yeah, we are exposed to indoor environments more than outdoor environments. And this is an alert that we need to really pay attention to how we design indoor environments through the architecture and through the interior setting as well. So I see biophilia as trend, brain health and neurosustainability as well.
[00:25:18] Jackie De Burca: Kulungile, oko kulungile. Yimpendulo egqibeleleyo leyo kuba siza kujonga nzulu ngakumbi kwisiqendu sesibini sale ngcelele incinci kwindawo eyakhiweyo, yintoni engalunganga ngayo, into enokwenziwa njalo njalo. Uthethe kakuhle ngaloo nto. Ukuba abaphulaphuli, uMohammed, banokususa nje ingcamango enye kule ncoko, ubungathemba ukuba loo nto ingaba yintoni?
[00:25:35] Mohamed Hesham Khalil: Oko bekuya kuba kukubuyela kwindalo. Yiyo leyo indlela yokuba nozinzo ngakumbi. Kwaye senza oku ngokuguqulela indalo kwiindawo zethu ezakhiweyo. Ngoko ke oko kukwabakhi bezakhiwo kunye nabacwangcisi basezidolophini kunye nabo bonke abantu. Ndingacebisa ukuba uhambe, uhambe kangangoko unako. Tshintsha indlela oqhele ngayo. Zonke ezo zinto zikhuthaza indlela ophila ngayo.
[00:25:58] UJackie De Burca: Banjalo ngokwenene. Kwaye ndisandula ukukhumbuza isicatshulwa esivela komnye undwendwe kutshanje kwaye yayiyinto efana, uyazi, into oyenzela indalo, iNdalo, indalo iyiphindaphinda kalishumi. Into efana naleyo.
[00:26:10] Mohamed Hesham Khalil: Ah, oko kuhambelana ngokwenene nento esithetha ngayo.
[00:26:14] Jackie De Burca: Mamela, kube mnandi kakhulu. Ndijonge phambili kwiincoko zethu zexesha elizayo. Mohammed, le yintshayelelo emsulwa kwaye siza kujonga nzulu kakhulu size sizame ukufumana izisombululo kunye nezinto eziza kuthathwa ngabantu abakwimeko eyakhiweyo, abangabaphulaphuli bethu abaphambili, kodwa nakwabo bangekhoyo.
[00:26:27] Mohamed Hesham Khalil: Enkosi Jackie.
[00:26:28] UJackie De Burca: Enkosi kakhulu.
[00:26:29] UMark: Siyathemba ukuba ukonwabele ukumamela oku njengokuba nathi sikunandiphe ukukwenza.
Ukuba uneeprojekthi okanye ulwazi olunxulumene nesi sihloko okanye indawo yozinzo kwindawo eyakhiweyo ngokubanzi, ungafaneleka ukuba uboniswe kwiConstructive Voices Global Directory entsha.
Qiniseka ukuba uthumela i-imeyile ku-findonstructive-voices.com enemigca embalwa malunga nenkampani yakho ukuze ufumane okungakumbi ngale nto.
[00:26:54] Ilizwi lidlula: Eli lilizwi elakhayo.
Yintoni i-Neurosustainability? Ingcaciso kunye nesicatshulwa se-podcast
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