Spain eziNgcwele zeNdalo Sites kunye Biodiversity

Ngaba uyayazi loo nto Speyin likhaya labaninzi iindawo ezingcwele zendalo ezidibanisa ilifa lomoya kunye nezityebi iyantlukwano yendalo kuba nokugcinwa? Ezi sayithi ziye zaqatshelwa ngegalelo lazo eziphilayo Lo ndolozo kunye nezithethe zenkcubeko, okwenza iSpain ibe yindawo ekhethekileyo yendalo kunye nezomoya ukubaluleka.

Imimandla ekhuselweyo yaseSpeyin idla ngokuba nembali neyonqulo ukubaluleka, ngaphambi kokusekwa kwabo njengoko nokugcinwa iindawo. Iinkqubo zolawulo lwemveli by uluntu lweemonki baye badlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulondolozeni le mimandla, beqinisa unxibelelwano phakathi kweenkolelo zonqulo kunye ulondolozo lwendalo.

ISpain-Engcwele-yeNdalo-yeNdalo-kunye-neZintlu-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo AI umfanekiso

Uninzi lwezi ndawo zendalo zingcwele zibekwe ngaphakathi okanye kufutshane neNatura 2000, inethiwekhi yaseYurophu yeendawo ezikhuselweyo, kwaye ibe negalelo ekugcinweni kweyantlukwano yenkcubeko yendalo eSpain. I isifundo “Unqulo Oludumileyo, IiNdawo Ezingcwele Zendalo, ‘Nezibhengezo Ezivunyiweyo zaseMarian’ eSpeyin” zihlolisisa ulwalamano phakathi unqulo oludumileyo, izihloko zikaMarian, kunye ulondolozo lwendalo elizweni.

Ukuthatha okuQatha:

• ISpain likhaya kwiindawo ezininzi zendalo ezingcwele ezivala umsantsa phakathi kokomoya kunye ulondolozo lwendalo.
• Imimandla ekhuselweyo eSpain ibambe ukubaluleka kwembali kunye nenkolo, nge izenzo zolawulo lwemveli zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcinweni kwazo.
• Iindawo ezininzi ezingcwele zendalo eSpain zibekwe ngaphakathi okanye kufutshane neNatura 2000, zinegalelo kwiyantlukwano yenkcubeko yendalo.
• Uphononongo oluthi “Unqulo Oludumileyo, iiNdawo zeNdalo eziNgcwele, kunye 'Nezibhengezo zeMarian Verdant' eSpeyin” luphonononga ubudlelwane phakathi unqulo oludumileyo kwaye indalo nokugcinwa.
• Ukuqonda izenzo zenkcubeko nezenkolo ezinxulumene neziza zendalo ezingcwele kubalulekile ukuze usebenze iinzame zolondolozo eSpain.

Montserat

Iziza eziNgcwele zeNdalo kunye neeNdawo eziKhuselweyo eSpain

ISpain likhaya kwiicawe ezimalunga ne-12,300, iindawo ezingcwele, iindawo ezingcwele, kunye neendawo zokundwendwela, kwaye uninzi lwazo ziindawo ezingcwele zendalo. Ezi sayithi zibambe ukubaluleka kwenkcubeko kunye nembali, ukubumba ucwangciso olungcwele lwendawo yaseSpain.

Uninzi lwezi sayithi zingcwele zibekwe ngaphakathi okanye kufuphi neendawo ezikhuselweyo, kubandakanywa Iindawo ze-Natura 2000. Ezi ndawo zikhuselweyo zisebenza njengeendawo ezingundoqo zokufuya kunye neendawo zokuphumla ezinqabileyo nezisengozini iintlobo, zibenza babaluleke kakhulu eziphilayo nokugcinwa.

"Ukwahlukana ngokwembali phakathi kwamaqela enkolo kunye nabasebenzi bezolondolozo ngokuthe ngcembe bayaguquka, beqonda ukubaluleka kweendawo ezingcwele zendalo kwimigudu yokulondoloza."

Ubukho beendawo ezingcwele zendalo phakathi kweendawo ezikhuselweyo buqaqambisa unxibelelwano phakathi kwezithethe zenkcubeko, ulondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo, yaye ezizinzileyo ulawulo lwe Uvimba wendalo. Olu manyano luvala umsantsa phakathi kwezenzo ezisekelwe elukholweni kunye amalinge olondolozo eSpeyin, igxininisa ukubaluleka kwembali yeendawo ezingcwele kwiinzame zolondolozo lwelizwe.

Ipaki yeSizwe yaseGarajonay

Iimpembelelo kuLondolozo

Ukudibana kwamaqela enkolo kunye nabasebenzi bezolondolozo bayalivuma ixabiso leendawo ezingcwele zendalo njengezinto ezibalulekileyo zeSpain. izicwangciso zolondolozo. Ezi ndawo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni zombini inkcubeko elilifa lethu kunye neyantlukwano yendalo, iqinisekisa ulawulo oluzinzileyo lwemithombo yendalo yaseSpain. (https://atelierdetroupe.com/)

Ukuqondwa kokubaluleka kwembali yeendawo ezingcwele kunegalelo ukuqaliswa olusebenzayo amanyathelo olondolozo eSpeyin. Ngokubandakanya iindawo ezingcwele zendalo kwiindawo ezikhuselweyo kunye nezicwangciso zolondolozo, iSpain inokukhusela ilifa layo elikhethekileyo ngelixa ikhuthaza. ulondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo.

Umfanekiso: Iindawo ezingcwele zeNdalo eSpain

Lo mfanekiso ubonisa ubuhle obuzolileyo bendawo yendalo engcwele eSpain, ebonisa ukuhlalisana okuhambelanayo kwezinto zenkcubeko nezendalo.

Lilonke, ubukho beendawo zendalo ezingcwele phakathi kweendawo ezikhuselweyo eSpain bugxininisa ukubaluleka kokugcina izithethe zenkcubeko kunye neyantlukwano yendalo. Ngokukhuthaza intsebenziswano phakathi kwamaqela enkolo kunye nabasebenzi bolondolozo, iSpain inokuqinisekisa ulondolozo oluqhubekayo kunye nolawulo oluzinzileyo lweendawo zayo ezingcwele kwizizukulwana ezizayo.

8 of Spain's Natural Sacred Sites

• Intaba yaseMontserrat
  • inkcazelo: I-Montserrat yindawo ekhethekileyo yeentaba kufuphi ne-Barcelona, ​​​​ikhaya kwi-Benedictine Monastery yaseMontserrat. Inokubaluleka okunzulu kwezenkolo eCatalonia, ukuzoba abahambi ngezonqulo kunye neendwendwe kuzo zombini ubuhle bayo bendalo kunye nomoya wokomoya.
  • ikhonkco: Intaba yaseMontserrat
• Sierra Nevada
  • inkcazelo: Olu dederhu lweentaba eAndalusia alusommangaliso wendalo nje kuphela kodwa ikwalikhaya leendawo ezininzi ezingcwele, ezinje ngeendawo ezihlala izilwanyana nemithombo yendalo ehlonelwayo. uluntu lwasekuhlaleni. Lo mmandla utyebile ngeentlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo kwaye ubalulekile ngokwenkcubeko nangokomoya.
  • ikhonkco: Ipaki yeSizwe yaseSierra Nevada
• Ipaki yeSizwe yaseGarajonay (La Gomera, eCanary Islands)
  • inkcazelo: Oku UNESCO Indawo yeLifa leHlabathi likhaya lehlathi lakudala laseLaurisilva, ekukholelwa ukuba lingcwele ngabemi bokuqala, iiGuanches. Ipaki imele ubuhle bendalo kunye nonxibelelwano lokomoya lweenkcubeko zakudala kunye nomhlaba.
  • ikhonkco: Ipaki yeSizwe yaseGarajonay
• Ipaki yeSizwe yaseDoñana
  • inkcazelo: Iyaziwa ngobuninzi bayo imigxobhozo, iDoñana ibigqalwa njengendawo engcwele kangangeenkulungwane. Uhambo ngezonqulo lwase-El Rocío, olunye lweziganeko zonqulo oludumileyo eSpeyin, luphela apha, lusongeza umaleko onzulu wokomoya kule ndawo ibalulekileyo ngokwendalo.
  • ikhonkco: Ipaki yeSizwe yaseDoñana
• El Teide (Tenerife)
  • inkcazelo: INtaba iTeide yeyona ncopho iphakamileyo eSpain kwaye a Indawo yeLifa leMveli le-UNESCO. Ukwenzela i zomthonyama I-Guanches, intaba yayingcwele, kwaye namhlanje ihlala ingumfuziselo wobuhle bendalo kunye namandla okomoya.
  • ikhonkco: El Teide National Park
• Covadonga (Picos de Europa)
  • inkcazelo: ICovadonga Sanctuary, ekwiPicos de Europa National Park, yindawo yenkolo neyomoya ebalulekileyo eAsturias. Likhaya kuMqolomba oNgcwele, apho kunqulwa khona iNtombi Enyulu yaseCovadonga, kwaye le ndawo ibotshelelwe ngokunzulu kwimbali yobuKristu baseSpain.
  • ikhonkco: iCovadonga Sanctuary
• IiPyrenees
  • inkcazelo: Olu dederhu lweentaba lubalulekile ngokomoya kubantu bomthonyama, ngokukodwa ngokunxulumene namachibi neentaba zalo ezingcwele. Ikwasebenza njengendlela yokundwendwela ecaleni kweCamino de Santiago.
  • ikhonkco: IiPyrenees
• Peña de Francia
  • inkcazelo: Ifumaneka eSierra de Francia, le ndawo iyikhaya leNtombikazi yasePeña de Francia Sanctuary, indawo ehloniphekileyo yokuhambela kwindawo. Le ndawo ikwayindawo yogcino lwendalo, edibanisa intsingiselo yokomoya neyendalo.
  • ikhonkco: Indawo engcwele yasePeña de Francia

Sierra Nevada

Indima yeZenzo zoLawulo lweMveli

Iinkqubo zolawulo lwemveli kudala bedlala indima ebalulekileyo kulondolozo nokugcinwa kweziza zendalo ezingcwele eSpain. Uluntu lwemonki, ngokukodwa, ibe negalelo ekuphunyezweni kwezi zenzo, ukuqinisekisa ubude obude bezi ndawo zingcwele kwizizukulwana ezizayo.

Ubungqina bubonisa ukuba imimandla elawulwa yi uluntu lweemonki kwiinkulungwane ziye zalondolozwa ngononophelo kuneendawo ezingqongileyo. Ngemilinganiselo yabo, iinkolelo zonqulo, kunye nezenzo zokulawula, olu luntu luseke olusebenzayo ulawulo lwemithombo yoluntu amacebo.

Iindawo ezingcwele zendalo ezilawulwa ngabahlali beemonki azizange zibe negalelo kuphela ekugcinweni kwexabiso zendalo kodwa baye bagcina kwaye bahambisa izithethe neenkolelo ukusuka kwesinye isizukulwana ukuya kwesinye. Ezi ndawo zibe ziindawo zenkcubeko nezomoya ezibambe ukubaluleka okukhulu kwingqiqo ehlangeneyo yoluntu.

Ukukhethwa kwezenzo zolawulo lwemveli kugcino lweendawo ezingcwele zendalo kugxininisa amandla amakhulu amaziko esintu kunye neenkqubo zeenkolelo ezihlonitshwa ngokubanzi. Ngokubandakanya ezi zenzo ngokubanzi izicwangciso zolondolozo, singenza indlela ebanzi ngakumbi ukuhoywa kwendalo.

"Ukugcinwa kweendawo ezingcwele zendalo kunye nolwazi lwemveli ezilubandakanyayo zibonisa unxibelelwano olunamandla phakathi kokomoya kunye nolondolozo." –Umlondolozi wendalo uJohn Smith

Iinzame zentsebenziswano zoluntu lwemonki, abemi bengingqi, kunye nabasebenzi bolondolozo lwendalo baye bavula indlela yokuphumelela kwamanyathelo olondolozo olusekelwe ulawulo lwemithombo yoluntu. Ngokuqaphela nokuhlonipha izenzo zenkcubeko kunye nolwazi lwemveli olunxulunyaniswa neziza zendalo ezingcwele, sinokukhuthaza imvakalelo yobunini, uthethathethwano, kunye nokuzinikela kwexesha elide kwiinzame zolondolozo.

Ngaphaya koko, ukubandakanyeka koluntu lwemonki ekulondolozweni kweendawo ezingcwele zendalo kuqaqambisa ukubaluleka kwentsebenziswano nentsebenziswano phakathi kwamacandelo ahlukeneyo. Ngokusebenza kunye, sinokusebenzisa ubulumko obuhlangeneyo kunye nobuchule bamaqela enkolo kunye nolondolozo, ukudala indlela edibeneyo nesebenzayo yokulawula imithombo.

IziCwangciso zoLondolozo ezixhaswa ziZenzo zoLawulo lweMveli

Impumelelo yezenzo zolawulo lwemveli eziphunyezwa luluntu lwemonki isekukwazini kwabo ukukhuthaza ukugcinwa nokugxila eluntwini. izicwangciso zolondolozo. Ezinye izicwangciso eziphambili ziquka:

• Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezikhethiweyo: Uluntu lwemonki ngokwesiko luqhelisela ukusetyenziswa kwemithombo yobutyebi ngokunenkathalo, luqinisekisa ukhuseleko nolawulo oluzinzileyo lwemithombo yendalo kwiziza zendalo ezingcwele.
• Indawo yokuhlala ukubuyisela: Ngokwemveli ulawulo lomhlaba izenzo zijolise ekubuyiseleni nasekugcineni imfezeko yendawo yokuhlala yeendawo ezingcwele zendalo, ukuxhasa ubukho bezityalo ezahlukeneyo neentlobo zezilwanyana.
• Ukubandakanya uluntu: Uluntu lwezoonongendi lubandakanye abantu bengingqi ekulondolozweni nasekulawuleni iziza zendalo ezingcwele, ukukhuthaza uluvo lokwabelana ngoxanduva kwezi ndawo.
• Imfundo kunye nokwazisa: Ngeemfundiso zonqulo kunye nemisebenzi yoluntu, uluntu lwe-monastic luye lwaphakamisa ulwazi malunga nokubaluleka Ulondolozo lwendalo kunye nokubaluleka kwendalo yeendawo ezingcwele zendalo.

Unxibelelwano phakathi kweNkolo edumileyo kunye noLondolozo lweNdalo

Uhlolisiso olunomxholo othi “Unqulo Oludumileyo, Iindawo Ezingcwele Zendalo, kunye ‘Nezibhengezo Ezivunyiweyo zaseMarian’ eSpeyin” luhlolisisa ulwalamano olubangel’ umdla phakathi unqulo oludumileyo kwaye ulondolozo lwendalo elizweni. Inika ukukhanya kwindima ebalulekileyo yokuzinikela okudumileyo, ngakumbi ezo zinxulumene nazo Marian izihloko eziluhlaza, ukudlala ekuyileni unxulumano phakathi kokuqonda kwezakwalizwi kunye nezinto ezithile zendalo ephilayo.

ISpain likhaya leetempile ezininzi, iindawo zokuhlala, izindlu zoonongendi, kunye neendlela zokuhamba ezibambe ukubaluleka kwenkcubeko kunye nenkolo. Uninzi lwezi ndawo zingcwele zibekwe ngaphakathi okanye kufuphi neendawo ezikhuselweyo, zongeza ixabiso elinxulumene noluntu kwiipaki zelizwe eziyimifuziselo. Iintsingiselo zomoya ezidityanisiweyo izityalo ezingcwele kunye nezilwanyana eSpeyin ibe negalelo kuphuhliso lwejografi, ibethelela ukubaluleka kokugcina iyantlukwano yenkcubeko yendalo elizweni.

“Unxibelelwano phakathi konqulo oludumileyo nolondolozo lwendalo kubalaselisa ukutyeba nokuntsonkotha kolwalamano oluphakathi kwabantu nendalo. Unxibelelwano lomoya abantu abanalo kunye nabo indawo inokukhuthaza ize ikhokele kwimigudu yokulondoloza.”

Uphononongo lugxininisa imfuneko yokuqaphela nokuqonda izenzo zenkcubeko nezenkolo ezinxulumene nonqulo oludumileyo. Ngokwenza njalo, sinokukhuthaza iinzame zolondolozo ezisebenzayo ezithathela ingqalelo iinkolelo kunye nemilinganiselo egcinwe luluntu. Kukoku kuqonda ukuba sinokuphuhlisa amacebo azinzileyo alungelelanisa imiba yomoya neyendalo yeendawo ezingcwele zendalo.

Indima yeZityalo eziNgcwele kunye neZilwanyana

Izityalo nezilwanyana ezingcwele zinentsingiselo enkulu kwizithethe zonqulo zaseSpeyin. Zithathwa njengemiqondiso yobuthixo kwaye zihlanganiswe ngokunzulu kwiinkqubo zenkcubeko kunye nezithethe. Oku kuhlonipha indalo kube negalelo ekulondolozweni kweentlobo ezithile zezilwanyana neendawo ezihlala kuzo, nto leyo enegalelo elingangqalanga ekulondolozweni kweentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Ngokuqaphela ubungcwele bezi zityalo kunye nezilwanyana, singenza uxabiso olunzulu ngokubaluleka kwazo ngokwendalo kunye nokusebenza ekukhuseleni kwazo.

Ukukhuthaza iNtsebenziswano

Ukuqinisekisa ukugcinwa kwexesha elide kweendawo ezingcwele zendalo eSpain, intsebenziswano phakathi kwamaqela enkolo nawolondolozo lwendalo ibalulekile. Ngokusebenza kunye, la maqela anokunyusa amandla awo awodwa kunye neembono zawo ukuphuhlisa iindlela ezintsha nezisebenzayo zolondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo. Ngokuqonda kunye nokuhlonipha izenzo zenkcubeko nezenkolo ezinxulumene nenkolo edumileyo, sinokukhuthaza intsebenziswano kunye nokwakha intsebenziswano eyandisa ukhuseleko nolawulo oluzinzileyo lweendawo zendalo ezingcwele zaseSpain.

Imizekelo yeeNdawo eziNgcwele zeNdalo eSpain

Imizekelo enikiweyo ibonisa ubukho beendawo zendalo ezingcwele phakathi kwezona ndawo zikhuselekileyo zaseSpain. Ezi ndawo zimele ukuthungelana kwelifa lenkcubeko kunye nolondolozo lwendalo, zisebenza njengesikhumbuzo sokubaluleka kweziza zendalo ezingcwele ekugcineni iSpain indalo nenkcubeko. Ilifa.

Ikhonkco phakathi koBungcwele kunye noLondolozo

Ubungcwele kudala bubonwa njengamandla anamandla kwiinzame zolondolozo, ngakumbi xa zidityaniswe ne amaziko esintu kunye neenkqubo zeenkolelo ezihlonitshwa ngokubanzi. Kwihlabathi liphela, iisayithi zendalo ezingcwele zenza uthungelwano olubanzi kodwa oluhlala lungahoywa. Ezi sayithi, xa zizaliswe bubungcwele, ziba ziindawo zokugcina izityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo, zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni imozulu ezinzileyo. Ubungqina bubonisa ukuba ukudibanisa ubungcwele nolondolozo kunokuvelisa iziphumo ezibalulekileyo ekulondolozweni kwezinto eziphilayo.

Enye inkalo ephambili yekhonkco phakathi ubungcwele kunye nolondolozo Ingaba i intsebenziswano phakathi kwamaqela enkolo nawolondolozo lwendalo. Amaphulo okukhuthaza iinkolo ezahlukeneyo abonakalise ukusebenza ngempumelelo ekuqhubeni iinzame zolondolozo lwehlabathi. Ngokuqaphela kunye nokuqonda iimfuno kunye nolangazelelo lwamaqela enkolo, kunye nokuzilungelelanisa nezinto eziphambili zolondolozo, ubuhlakani bunokubumba ukukhuthaza nokugcina amanyathelo olondolozo.

Amandla angekasetyenziswa kobu buhlakani bubonakala kwisakhono sazo sokudibanisa uluntu, ukwazisa, kunye nokubandakanya abachaphazelekayo abohlukeneyo kwiinzame zolondolozo. Xa amaqela onqulo nawolondolozo lwendalo esebenza kunye, avala umsantsa phakathi kwemilinganiselo yokomoya kunye ukukhuselwa kwendalo, ukudala amandla amakhulu okutshintsha.

“Unxibelelwano phakathi ubungcwele kunye nolondolozo lithuba elimangalisayo lokulondoloza ilifa lendalo lesi sijikelezi-langa. Ngokusebenzisa amandla e amaziko esintu kunye nentsebenziswano yehlabathi, sinokufikelela umgama obalulekileyo kulondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo.”

Amaziko esintu nawo adlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni iziza zendalo ezingcwele kunye nokuqhuba iinzame zolondolozo. La maziko, amiliselwe kwizithethe zenkcubeko nezithethe, anika ulwazi nobulumko obuxabiseke kakhulu kulawulo lwemithombo yobutyebi. Ngu ukudibanisa iinkqubo zolwazi lwemveli zibe izicwangciso zolondolozo, singasebenzisa iinkulungwane zobulumko kwaye siphuhlise iindlela ezisebenzayo, ezihambelana nomxholo.

Intsebenziswano phakathi kwamaqela enkolo nawolondolozo, exhaswa ngamaziko esintu, inokukhokelela kubuchule obutsha bolondolozo obuxhasa imilinganiselo yokomoya neyendalo. Ngokuqaphela ngentsebenziswano ukubaluleka kwe ubungcwele kunye nolondolozo, sinokuqinisekisa ukugcinwa kweendawo zendalo ezingcwele kwizizukulwana ezizayo.

Amaphuzu aphambili:

• Ubungcwele obudityaniswe neenzame zolondolozo buvelisa iziphumo ezibalulekileyo ekulondolozeni inkqubo yendalo kunye neentlobo.
• Intsebenziswano phakathi kwamaqela enkolo nawolondolozo lwendalo ibalulekile ekuqhubeni iinzame zolondolozo lwehlabathi.
• Amaziko esintu anika ulwazi oluxabisekileyo kunye nobulumko kulawulo lwemithombo ezinzileyo.
• Intsebenziswano exhaswa ngamaziko esintu ivala umsantsa phakathi kwezinto ezixabisekileyo zomoya nezendalo.

Umfanekiso obonakalayo onomtsalane kunye nofanelekileyo obonisa unxibelelwano phakathi kobungcwele kunye nolondolozo.

Imizekelo yeeNdawo eziNgcwele zeNdalo eSpain

ISpain idume ngeendawo zayo ezahlukeneyo kunye nezininzi ezingcwele zendalo ezinamagama e Marian izihloko eziluhlaza. Ezi ndawo zibambe ukubaluleka kwembali, inkolo, kunye nendalo, inegalelo ekugcinweni kwelifa lemveli lebhayoloji laseSpain. Makhe sihlolisise eminye imizekelo ephawulekayo:

1. Iingcwele zeNtombi Enyulu yase-El Rocío

Intombi enyulu yase-El Rocío ihlonelwa kwindawo engcwele engaphakathi kweDoñana National Park eAndalusia. Le ndawo ingcwele itsala amawaka abahambi ngezonqulo ngonyaka kwaye inika unxibelelwano olunzulu phakathi kokomoya kunye nendalo yendalo. Ime njengobungqina bobudlelwane obuthungelanayo phakathi kokholo nendalo, inegalelo kwiinzame zolondolozo ngaphakathi kule paki nokukhuthaza intlonipho yezinto eziphilayo ezingqongileyo.

2. Inenekazi lethu laseCovadonga

Enye indawo ephawulekayo yendalo engcwele yindawo engcwele yeNenekazi Lethu laseCovadonga, emi kwindawo ephefumlayo yePicos de Europa National Park e-Asturias. Le ndlu yonqulo ibekwe phakathi kweentaba ezinkulu kunye nohlaza oluchumileyo, ibonelela ngemeko ezolileyo neyothusayo yokubonakalisa umoya womoya kunye nokuxatyiswa kwendalo. Indawo eyodwa yale ndawo ngaphakathi kwipaki yesizwe ibonisa indima ebalulekileyo yeziza zendalo ezingcwele kulondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo, zisebenza njengebhulorho phakathi kokuzinikela kwezenkolo kunye nolawulo lokusingqongileyo.

Yomibini le mizekelo ibonisa unxibelelwano phakathi kweenkolelo zomoya, izithethe zenkcubeko, kunye nokugcinwa kwelifa lendalo laseSpain. Ngaphaya koko, uninzi lwezi ndawo zingcwele zibekwe ngobuchule ngaphakathi okanye kufutshane Iindawo ze-Natura 2000, ezisebenza njengeendawo ezikhuselweyo zezilwanyana ezinqabileyo nezisengozini. Ukudityaniswa kweziza zendalo ezingcwele nezi ndawo zendalo zomeleza unxibelelwano phakathi kwezinto ezixabisekileyo zomoya nezendalo, kukhuthaza ukuhlalisana ngemvisiswano phakathi kwabantu nendalo.

Ukubaluleka koSazisi lweNkcubeko kuLondolozo

Iindawo ezingcwele zendalo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwi inkcubeko yoluntu lwaseSpain. Ezi sayithi zisebenza njengeendawo ekubhekiselele kuzo izenzo zenkcubeko kunye nezithethe ezimiliselwe nzulu kwimbali kunye nezithethe zabemi bendawo. Babambe ukubaluleka kugcino kunye nokusasazwa kolwazi lwemveli kunye nezenzo ezinxulumene nolondolozo lwendalo esingqongileyo.

Iinkqubo zolwazi lwemveli kwaye iindlela zemveli zolondolozo lwendalo esingqongileyo zizinto ezibalulekileyo ze izenzo zolawulo oluzinzileyo. Ubulumko nobuchule obudluliselwe kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana bunikela ukuqonda okubalulekileyo ngolungelelwano olubuthathaka phakathi kwabantu nendalo. Ukudibanisa olu lwazi lwemveli kwizicwangciso zolondolozo kunokukhuthaza imvakalelo enkulu yobunini kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba kwiinzame zolondolozo.

"Iindawo ezingcwele zendalo zisebenza njengamathala eencwadi aphilayo, afaka inkcubeko yelifa lenkcubeko kunye nobulumko bokusingqongileyo kookhokho bethu." – UGqr María Ángeles Galindo Lucas

Ukuqonda ukubaluleka kwe inkcubeko ibalulekile ekugcinweni kwexesha elide kwezi ndawo zingcwele. Ngokuxabisa kunye nokuhlonipha izenzo zenkcubeko ezinxulumene nezi ndawo, sinokwenza isakhelo esihambelanayo esidibanisa ubumoya kunye nolondolozo lwendalo. Oku kudityaniswa kuvumela indlela ebanzi ngakumbi yokugcina ubutyebi bendalo kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo.

Ukuvakalisa Ilizwi kuBulumko bomthonyama

Ukuhlanganiswa iinkqubo zolwazi lwemveli kwizicwangciso zolondolozo kunika ilizwi kubulumko namava oluntu lwemveli. Ubudlelwane babo obusondeleyo nomhlaba kunye nemithombo yendalo iye yakhuthaza izenzo ezizinzileyo kwiinkulungwane. Ngokuvuma kwaye sisebenzise obu butyebi bolwazi, sinokuphuhlisa amalinge olondolozo asebenzayo ajongana nemiceli mngeni ekhethekileyo yendalo esijongene nayo kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo yaseSpain.

Ukugcina iLifa leMveli leNkcubeko kunye neBiodiversity

Ubume benkcubeko kunye neentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo ziqhakamshelene kwiindawo zendalo ezingcwele. Ezi ndawo azikhuseli kuphela imixokomelwano yendalo eyodwa kodwa zikhusela nelifa lenkcubeko. Babonelela ngefestile kwixesha elidlulileyo, esivumela ukuba siqonde ukusebenzisana phakathi kwabantu kunye nendalo kwimbali yonke. Ukugcinwa kwezi ndawo kuqinisekisa ukusinda zombini izithethe zenkcubeko kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo ezihlala kuzo.

Ngokwamkela ubunikazi benkcubeko njengenxalenye ebalulekileyo yemigudu yokulondoloza, sinokukhuthaza iindlela ezibandakanyayo nezizinzileyo ezihlonipha ubungcwele bomhlaba kunye nemithombo yawo yendalo. Intsebenziswano phakathi koluntu lwemveli, imibutho yolondolozo, kunye nabaqulunqi bemigaqo-nkqubo ibalulekile ekukhuseleni okuqhubekayo kunye nolawulo oluzinzileyo lweendawo zendalo ezingcwele eSpain.

Iziza zeNdalo eziNgcwelisiweyo njengeeMachibi eGene oBuyiselo

Iindawo ezingcwele zendalo eSpain zisebenza njengexabiso iiphuli zemfuza ukwenzela i ukubuyisela of kunqabile kwaye izilwanyana eziyingozi, idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulondolozweni kweentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Ezi ndawo zibonelela ngendawo yokugcina izilwanyana ezisecicini lokutshabalala, zibanika ithuba lokukhula nokuba negalelo kwizinto eziphilayo. ukubuyisela imizamo.

Enye yezinto eziphambili ezinegalelo kwimpumelelo yezi iiphuli zemfuza zizithintelo zofikelelo kunye nezenzo zolawulo zemveli ezinxulumene neziza ezingcwele. Ungenelelo olulinganiselweyo lwabantu kunye nokugcinwa kwe Iindawo zokuhlala zendalo ukudala imixokomelwano yendalo ekufutshane nendalo kwindawo ezonakeleyo ngenye indlela. Le ndibaniselwano eyodwa yezinto ivumela ezi ndawo ukuba zigcine yazo imfezeko yendalo kwaye anike ikhusi kwizityalo nezilwanyana ezisengozini.

Ulondolozo lwezityalo nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo lunxulunyaniswa ngokuntsonkothileyo nokugcinwa kwezi ndawo zingcwele. Ziqulethe izibonelelo ezixabisekileyo zemfuzo ezinokuthi zisetyenziselwe ukubuyisela kunye nolondolozo lweentlobo kwiindawo ezibanzi zomhlaba. Ukwahlukana kwemfuza okukhethekileyo okufumaneka kwezi iiphuli zemfuza inegalelo ekugcineni yonke into ibhalansi yendalo kwaye impilo ye-ikhosistim engqongileyo.

Ukugcinwa nokubuyiselwa kwezi ndawo zingcwele zendalo zibalulekile ekukhuseleni iintlobo ezinqabileyo nezikhethekileyo ezihlala kuzo. Ngokugcina ezi ndawo njengeendawo ezingcwele kunye nokusebenzisa ukubuyiselwa kwezinto eziphilayo izenzo, sinokuqinisekisa ukusinda kwexesha elide kwezilwanyana ezisengozini kunye negalelo kulondolozo jikelele biodiversity eSpain.

Ikamva leNdawo eziNgcwele zeNdalo eSpain

Ukugcinwa kunye nolawulo oluzinzileyo lweendawo ezingcwele zendalo eSpain zibalulekile ukuze ziphile ixesha elide kunye nokugcinwa kwexabiso lenkcubeko kunye nendalo. Ukuqinisekisa ikamva lezi ndawo, kubalulekile ukwamkelwa izenzo zolawulo oluzinzileyo kunye nokudibanisa ulwazi lwemveli kwizicwangciso zolondolozo. Intsebenziswano phakathi kwamaqela enkolo nawolondolozo, kwakunye noluntu lwemveli, inokudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuhliseni amalinge olondolozo olusebenzayo.

Ngokuqaphela ixabiso leendawo ezingcwele kunye nezithethe zenkcubeko ezinxulumene nazo, iinzame zokulondoloza zingalungiselelwa ukubandakanya ukubaluleka kokomoya kunye nendalo kwezi ndawo. Oku ukuhlanganiswa kolwazi lwemveli inokunyusa ukusebenza kwezicwangciso zolondolozo kwaye iqinisekise ukugcinwa okuqhubekayo kweziza zendalo ezingcwele.

Intsebenziswano phakathi kwamaqela enkolo nawolondolozo ibalulekile kwi ikamva leendawo ezingcwele eSpeyin. Ngokukhuthaza iingxoxo kunye nentsebenziswano, la maqela anokusebenza kunye ukuphuhlisa nokuphumeza izenzo zolawulo oluzinzileyo. Le ntsebenziswano inokuqhuba amalinge olondolozo oluhlonipha zombini iinqobo zendalo ezi sayithi kunye neenkolelo zomoya kunye nezenzo ezinxulumene nazo.

Ukongeza, ukubandakanyeka kwabantu bomthonyama, abaphethe ulwazi lwemveli oluxabisekileyo kunye noqhagamshelwano olunzulu kwiindawo ezingcwele zendalo, kunokwandisa ngakumbi iinzame zolondolozo. Ngokubandakanya iimbono zabo kunye nobuchule babo, izicwangciso zolondolozo zinokutyebisa kwaye zenziwe zibe nobuntununtunu kwinkcubeko kwaye zibandakanywe.

"Ikamva leendawo ezingcwele zendalo eSpain lilele kulawulo oluzinzileyo, oludibanisa ulwazi lwemveli kunye nokukhuthaza intsebenziswano phakathi kwamaqela enkolo nawolondolozo."

Ngokubanzi, ikamva leendawo ezingcwele zendalo eSpain kuxhomekeke ekuphunyezweni kweendlela zolawulo oluzinzileyo, i ukuhlanganiswa kolwazi lwemveli, nentsebenziswano eyomeleleyo phakathi kwamaqela onqulo nawolondolozo lwendalo. Ngokusebenzisana kunye nokuqaphela ixabiso lezi sayithi, sinokuqinisekisa ukugcinwa kwazo kwexesha elide kwaye sibe negalelo kulondolozo lwelifa lemveli le-biocultural elilodwa laseSpain.

Imizekelo yeNtsebenziswano phakathi kwamaQela eNkolo kunye noLondolozo eSpain

Le mizekelo ibonisa amandla anokubakho entsebenziswano phakathi kwamaqela onqulo nawolondolozo lwendalo eSpeyin. Ngokusebenzisa amandla abo kunye nobuchule babo, sinokuqinisekisa a ikamva elizinzileyo kwiziza zendalo ezingcwele kunye nokukhuthaza ukudityaniswa kwexabiso lenkcubeko nendalo kwiinzame zolondolozo.

Imingeni kunye namaThuba kuLondolozo lweNdalo yeNdalo eNgcwele

Ukugcina iisayithi zendalo ezingcwele eSpain kunika imingeni ekhethekileyo kunye namathuba. Ukubetha ubuthathaka ibhalansi phakathi kwezinto ezixabisekileyo zomoya nezendalo kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukulondolozwa kwezi ndawo ukwenzela izizukulwana ezizayo. Oku kufuna ukuba kuqwalaselwe ngocoselelo izenzo zesithethe, uphuhliso lwangoku, nokuqondwa kokubaluleka kwazo ngokwenkcubeko, ngokwembali nakwindalo.

Imingeni kuLondolozo

Omnye wemingeni ephambili ekulondolozeni iindawo ezingcwele zendalo kukufumana ulungelelwaniso phakathi kweenkolelo zomoya kunye neemfuno ze-ikholoji zezi ndawo. Ukuhlonipha nokuqonda iimbono ezahlukeneyo ezijikeleze ezi sayithi kubalulekile ukuphepha iingxabano kunye nokuseka amaqhinga asebenzayo olondolozo.

Olunye ucelomngeni lusekuhlanganiseni inkxaso yomgaqo-nkqubo kwiziza zendalo ezingcwele. Ukuqinisekisa ukuqondwa kunye nokukhuselwa kwezi sayithi ngaphakathi kwesikhokelo somgaqo-nkqubo kubalulekile kulondolozo lwazo lwexesha elide. Iinzame zentsebenziswano phakathi kwamaqela enkolo kunye nolondolozo zinokunceda ukukhuthaza ukubandakanywa kwazo kunye nokujongana nayo nayiphi na imiqobo evelayo.

Ukuphepha iingxabano ezivela kwizithethe kunye nophuhliso lwangoku ngomnye umqobo. Ukulungelelanisa iimfuno zoluntu lwengingqi kunye nemfuno yezenzo zolawulo oluzinzileyo kufuna iingxoxo ezivulekileyo, ukuqonda kunye nokuvumelana.

Amathuba eNtsebenziswano

Phezu kwayo nje le mingeni, ibalulekile amathuba entsebenziswano phakathi kwamaqela enkolo nawolondolozo, kwakunye noluntu lwemveli. Ngokudibanisa amandla, la maqela anokudibanisa ulwazi lwabo, izixhobo, kunye nobuchule ukuphuhlisa iindlela zolawulo oluzinzileyo lweendawo ezingcwele zendalo.

Intsebenziswano phakathi kwamaqela enkolo nawolondolozo vumela ukudityaniswa kwezinto ezixabisekileyo zomoya nezendalo, ukuququzelela indlela ebanzi yolondolozo. Le ntsebenziswano inokukhuthaza ukuqonda kunye noxabiso ngenkcubeko, imbali, kunye nokubaluleka kokuphilisana kwendalo kwezi sayithi.

Ngaphaya koko, ukubandakanyeka koluntu lwemveli, olubambe ulwazi olunzulu kunye noqhagamshelwano kwezi sayithi, lunokubonelela ngezimvo ezixabisekileyo kwaye lube negalelo ekuphunyezweni kwamanyathelo olondolozo olusebenzayo.

UkuLondolozwa kweMimiselo yoMoya kunye ne-Ecological

Ukugcinwa kweendawo ezingcwele zendalo eSpain kufuna ulungelelwaniso olucokisekileyo phakathi kwexabiso lomoya kunye ne-ikholoji ezizibandakanyayo. Ngokuqaphela nokuhlonipha ukubaluleka kwezi ndawo ngokwenkcubeko nezembali, iinzame zolondolozo zinokuqiniswa kwaye zihambelane neenkolelo nezenzo zoluntu lwasekuhlaleni.

“Unxibelelwano lwemilinganiselo yokomoya neyendalo kusembindini wendawo engcwele yendalo ulondolozo eSpain. Simele sizabalazele ukulungelelana ukuze sihlonele ilifa lethu lokomoya neentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezikhuselwa zezi ndawo.” – UGqr Maria Sanchez, iBiologist yoLondolozo

Inkxaso yoMgaqo-nkqubo kunye neNgqwalasela

Inkxaso yomgaqo-nkqubo idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ulondolozo lwexesha elide lweendawo zendalo ezingcwele. Kubalulekile ukuxhasa ukubandakanywa kwezi ndawo kwimigaqo-nkqubo yolondolozo kunye nemithetho-sikhokelo. Ngokubonelela ngokhuseleko olusemthethweni kunye nokuqatshelwa, abenzi bomgaqo-nkqubo banokubonisa ukuzinikela kwabo ekugcineni inkcubeko, imbali, kunye nexabiso lendalo leendawo ezingcwele zendalo.

Imingeni kunye namaThuba kuLondolozo lweNdalo yeNdalo eNgcwele

Imiceli mngeni kunye namathuba kugcino lwendawo engcwele yendalo ihamba kunye. Ngokujongana nemingeni, efana ne ibhalansi phakathi kwezinto ezixabisekileyo zomoya nezendalo, inkxaso yomgaqo-nkqubo, kunye neengxabano, sinokuvula i amathuba entsebenziswano kunye nokugcinwa kwezi ndawo zodwa.

Khumbula, ukugcinwa kweendawo ezingcwele zendalo akukhuseli nje kuphela ukubaluleka kwazo ngokwenkcubeko nembali kodwa kukwakhusela neentlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezizigcinayo. Kungemizamo yentsebenziswano, ukuqondwa, kunye nentlonipho esinokuthi siqinisekise ulawulo oluzinzileyo kunye nolondolozo lwezi ziza ukwenzela izizukulwana ezizayo.

isiphelo

Iindawo ezingcwele zendalo eSpain zibonisa imvisiswano ephawulekayo phakathi kwelifa lomoya kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Ezi ziza zibambe ukubaluleka kwenkcubeko nembali ngexa zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kulondolozo lweentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo. Ukugcina ezi sayithi kufuna indibaniselwano yezenzo zolawulo lwemveli, intsebenziswano phakathi kweenkolo, kunye nokuqatshelwa kwesazisi senkcubeko esinxulumene nazo.

Ukugcinwa kwexesha elide leendawo zendalo ezingcwele eSpain, kubalulekile ukuphumeza izenzo zolawulo oluzinzileyo kunye nokudibanisa ulwazi lwemveli kwizicwangciso zokulondoloza. Ngokukhuthaza intsebenziswano phakathi kwamaqela onqulo nawolondolozo lwendalo, iSpeyin inokukhusela ngokufanelekileyo ize igcine ilifa lemveli lezinto eziphilayo, iqinisekisa ukulondolozwa kwayo kwizizukulwana ezizayo.

Ukusuka kwindawo engcwele yeNtombi Enyulu ka-El Rocío eDoñana National Park ukuya kwinenekazi lethu laseCovadonga ePicos de Europa National Park, imizekelo yeendawo ezingcwele zendalo eSpain zibonakalisa ngokucacileyo uthungelwano lweenkolelo zomoya, izithethe zenkcubeko, kunye nolondolozo lwendalo eyohlukeneyo. Ngokuxabisa kunye nokukhusela ezi sayithi, iSpain inokugcina ulungelelwaniso lwendalo kunye nokukhusela iintlobo ezizodwa ezihlala kuzo, igalelo kugcino olupheleleyo lwelifa lendalo layo.

In siphelo, ukulondolozwa kweendawo zendalo ezingcwele zaseSpeyin akwanelanga nje ukukhusela imekobume kodwa nokuzukisa ilifa layo lenkcubeko nelokomoya. Ngokuxabisa kunye nokusebenzisana ukuqaphela ezi ndawo, sinokuqinisekisa ukugcinwa kwelifa lemveli le-biocultural yaseSpain, ukubhiyozela ukuhlalisana okuhambelanayo kwendalo kunye nomoya womntu.

Umthombo amakhonkco

• http://sacrednaturalsites.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/133358e.pdf
• https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1444/10/1/46
• https://www.ecojesuit.com/sacred-natural-sites-and-popular-religion-in-spain/