The Walkable City: How Urban Design Enhances Community and Connectivity

Urban design is undergoing a transformative shift, moving away from car-dominated planning towards the creation of walkable cities that enhance quality of life. The Arup Group’s report, “Cities Alive: Towards a Walking World,” highlights 50 substantial benefits of increased walkability across social, environmental, economic, and political domains¹. This report analyses research and trends in city design, showcasing 80 international case studies and 40 actions for city leaders to improve walkability. This shift addresses sustainable development, city resilience to climate change, and promotes inclusiveness and equality.

• Walkable communities promote physical activity and social interaction, leading to improved health and wellbeing.
• Families are drawn to neighbourhoods with safe walking and biking infrastructure, which can increase real estate value.
• Walkability supports sustainable transportation, reducing reliance on cars and contributing to a greener urban environment.
• Incorporating public spaces and local businesses into walkable design enhances community connectivity and vibrancy.
• Effective urban design prioritises pedestrian and cyclist safety, ensuring comfortable and accessible pathways.

Urban design plays a crucial role in shaping the character and functionality of modern cities. It significantly impacts the way people live, work, and interact within urban spaces². Urban designers can work on a range of projects, from drawing up masterplans for large areas to detailed designs for local streets or public spaces². Urban design projects can convey a ‘vision’ over 20-25 years to show the economic, social, and environmental benefits of investment or changes at a strategic scale².

Urban design is the process of shaping the physical features of cities and towns, including the layout of buildings, streets, and public spaces. It is a multidisciplinary field that bridges the gap between town planning and architecture, bringing design inspiration to policy making².

The history of urban design reflects a shift from car-centric planning to more pedestrian-friendly, community-focused designs. This shift reflects changing societal values and the growing recognition that effective urban design principles should prioritize creating human-scale environments, promoting walkability, and fostering community interaction.

Effective urban design principles focus on creating safe, comfortable, varied, and attractive spaces for people³. Good urban design has been shown to add economic value through high returns on investments, enhanced capital values, attractive new places, reduced management costs, and more². Urban design can also contribute to creating a dynamic mixed-use development, supporting urban regeneration, and raising prestige and confidence in developments².

In local government, urban design officers collaborate across departments to identify a site’s potential for change and involve stakeholders in shaping development recommendations². The 2020 Planning White Paper suggests a reform in the English planning system, emphasizing urban design policies and design codes, requiring urban design skills for strategic and site-specific planning decisions².

“We shape our buildings and thereafter they shape us.” – Winston Churchill

The research project commissioned by CABE and DETR aimed to examine the value added by good urban design³. The study conducted by the Bartlett School of Planning for CABE and DETR analyzed selected commercial developments in the UK to highlight the benefits of good urban design³. The study emphasized the importance of capturing the socio-economic value of good design to enhance decision-making and investment in urban development³.

Urban areas are increasingly incorporating green walls and rooftops to enhance air quality, reduce urban heat island effect, and provide habitat for wildlife⁴. Mixed-use developments combining residential, commercial, and public spaces aim to create livable, dynamic, and diverse communities, reducing dependency on automobiles⁴. Creative placemaking involves creating aesthetically pleasing public spaces that foster creativity and community involvement, offering economic benefits by attracting tourists and businesses⁴.

Overall, effective urban design is crucial in shaping the future of modern cities, enhancing community, connectivity, and sustainability²³⁴.

Walkable communities offer a wealth of benefits, from improved public health to increased economic vitality and social equity⁵. Walkable neighbourhoods are growing more than twice as fast as the overall market⁵, and businesses thrive on streets where walking is safe and easy⁵. Streetscape enhancements are associated with higher rents and the attraction of new businesses, adding value to an area⁵. Walkable communities stimulate the local economy by supporting the local business environment and increasing appeal to visitors and residents⁵.

Walkable communities provide numerous advantages, including reduced obesity rates, enhanced physical activity, and a stronger sense of community⁵. There is a rise in obesity rates nationwide, making walking an essential means to increase daily physical activity⁵. Walkable communities foster a stronger urban fabric and sense of community⁵.

Designing pedestrian-friendly pathways involves creating safe, accessible routes with adequate lighting and signage⁵. CRTKL, an urban planning firm, has designed successful town centres and walkable districts in the past decade, promoting sustainability, health and wellness, and economic prosperity⁵. The Mosaic shopping centre in Fairfax County has evolved into a community staple, illustrating the live/work/play aspect of walkability⁵. The Broward County Arena Concept Master Plan expects to become an anchor community for western Broward County, fostering office, residential, hospitality, entertainment, and retail venues⁵.

Integrating green spaces in urban areas provides environmental benefits, promotes mental health, and creates opportunities for community gatherings⁵. Arup’s research shows that walkable street networks correlate with lower rates of obesity, diabetes, asthma, and heart disease⁵. Investing in better streets and spaces for walking can provide a competitive return compared to other transport projects⁵.

Urban planning experts at CRTKL are preparing suburban and urban areas to embrace walkable communities as the demand for such areas continues to increase⁵. Efforts in response to the COVID-19 pandemic show a groundswell of community-based initiatives to open up streets to pedestrians and close them to motor vehicles, emphasising the vitality of walkability strategies⁵.

Meanwhile, cities like Copenhagen, Denmark and Tokyo, Japan have successfully prioritised walkability in their urban planning⁶, leading to a reduction in car dependency and lower traffic congestion and carbon emissions⁶. Smart city technologies have the potential to enhance walkability by providing real-time information for pedestrians⁶. Community engagement is essential for the successful implementation of walkability initiatives in urban areas⁶.

The benefits of walkability extend beyond physical health, including improved mental health, increased social interactions, and vibrant public spaces⁶. As urban areas continue to evolve, the integration of Public Realm Enhancements and Smart Mobility Solutions will be crucial in creating walkable, sustainable, and thriving communities⁷.

“Walkable communities stimulate the local economy by supporting the local business environment and increasing appeal to visitors and residents.”

Public squares and parks serve as vital community hubs, fostering social interaction and local identity⁸. Placemaking is an approach that prioritises people over infrastructure in urban design⁸, encouraging sustainable practices to create more resilient cities⁸. Initiatives like Los Angeles’ “People St” program demonstrate how underused street space can be transformed into vibrant pedestrian plazas and mini-parks, promoting community interaction and exploration on foot⁸.

The absence of dedicated community spaces can significantly impact neighbourhood connectivity, leading to increased social isolation and decreased cohesion among residents⁹. Incorporating green spaces like rooftop gardens and community gardens can mitigate the urban heat island effect, enhance air quality, and promote biodiversity in urban areas⁹. These public spaces encourage casual interactions between citizens and build community ties, as seen in successful urban renewal projects⁹.

Mixed-use development is encouraged in placemaking to promote social interaction and economic activity⁸. Local businesses benefit from increased foot traffic in walkable environments, with research showing pedestrians spend approximately 65% more than drivers⁸. Community-driven initiatives, such as developing pedestrian-friendly infrastructure and inclusive community spaces, can contribute to overall improved living environments in urban neighbourhoods⁹.

Involving the community in placemaking is crucial for ensuring that public spaces meet their needs and desires⁸. Participatory processes in neighbourhood development ensure that initiatives reflect community needs and aspirations, fostering a sense of ownership and empowerment⁹. Social media platforms serve as crucial tools for strengthening community connections, enabling residents to engage, share concerns, and support one another, thus enhancing neighbourhood cohesion⁹.

The High Line Park in New York City, Granville Island in Vancouver, and Cheonggyecheon Stream in Seoul are successful placemaking projects that have transformed underutilised urban spaces into vibrant community hubs⁸. Challenges in placemaking include funding and the need for political support, as well as a lack of enthusiasm among community leaders and resident disinterest in connectivity-focused design approaches⁸⁹.

Regular communication among architects, government officials, community leaders, and residents is key to ensuring cohesive urban development and connectivity enhancements⁹. Best practices for successful placemaking projects include community engagement and the use of technology to enhance public spaces⁸.

“Placemaking emphasises a community-driven, inclusive, and collaborative approach to urban design.”

Effective urban design transcends traditional boundaries, integrating transportation and connectivity as essential elements¹¹. By leveraging multi-modal transportation options, cities can reduce dependence on cars and foster more sustainable, connected communities¹².

Inclusive urban public transport systems emphasise enhanced accessibility for individuals with disabilities, with features like ramps, elevators, and audio/visual announcements becoming standard¹². Challenges in urban public transportation include the complexity of ensuring effortless access for all individuals, not just focusing on mobility but also on ease and equity¹².

In developing countries, informally run transport services can be both vital for urban connectivity and a source of issues like safety concerns and pollution¹². Legislative frameworks such as the Vogt and Chevenement acts in France aim to simplify access to public services and foster equitable urban transport systems¹². Technology advancements in urban transport include real-time updates on schedules and routes through user-friendly apps, electric and hybrid vehicles reducing emissions, and IoT devices optimising traffic management systems¹².

Successful models of accessible public transportation include the Tokyo subway system known for punctuality and cleanliness, and Curitiba’s bus rapid transit system hailed for sustainability¹². Los Angeles Metro’s expansion through funding improvements led to increased ridership, alleviating congestion and reducing greenhouse gas emissions¹².

In Nairobi, Kenya, 42% of the population walk to work, accessing only 11% of jobs, while those taking minibuses have access to only 20% of jobs¹³. The introduction of last mile buses in Lagos is aimed at connecting isolated communities to main transport hubs¹³. New BRT systems can increase the number of jobs accessible to residents, especially benefiting the urban poor, making them 25% more likely to commute to work by bus¹³.

These case studies demonstrate how innovative transportation solutions, coupled with sustainable urban design, can enhance connectivity and reduce car dependence, ultimately contributing to the creation of more livable and equitable cities¹¹¹²¹³.,,

Thoughtful urban design solutions have a profound impact on the wellbeing of city residents. By prioritising walkable environments and incorporating accessible public realm enhancements, urban planners can significantly improve the physical and mental health of communities.

Walkable neighbourhoods encourage active lifestyles, with studies showing that regular walking can cut the risk of early mortality by 22%¹⁴. Designing communities with a mix of land uses and accessible destinations within close proximity motivates residents to opt for walking over driving¹⁵. Higher-density, mixed-use areas are also rated more highly for wellness attributes compared to single-use, low-density areas¹⁵.

Urban green spaces offer significant mental health and wellbeing benefits. Accessible parks and gardens can lead to improvements in general mental wellbeing, reduced depression, and lower stress levels¹⁴. Quality social interactions facilitated by these public spaces also contribute to increased self-esteem, empathy, and cognitive function¹⁴.

Thoughtful urban design solutions can also help mitigate the stressors of city life. Principles of crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED), such as natural access control, surveillance, and territorial reinforcement, can foster a greater sense of safety and security for residents¹⁴. This, in turn, positively impacts mental health and overall wellbeing.

“Designing cities and communities for health and wellness is crucial as urban populations increase globally.”¹⁵

As the world becomes increasingly urbanised, with projections of 68% of the global population living in cities by 2050¹⁵, the importance of urban design solutions that promote wellbeing cannot be overstated. By prioritising walkability, green spaces, and safety, urban planners can create healthier, happier communities¹⁴¹⁵¹⁶.

Effective urban design involves active community engagement in the planning process. By involving residents in decision-making, cities can ensure that urban spaces reflect local needs and values¹⁷. There are three main types of community engagement: informative participation, preparatory participation, and decision-making participation¹⁷.

To foster genuine community engagement, urban planners must go beyond simply informing the public about upcoming changes¹⁷. Preparatory participation allows the public to contribute ideas and feedback to ongoing development projects, such as through surveys and community workshops¹⁷. Decision-making participation gives residents the power to submit proposals and make informed decisions about budget spending, urban planning, and development projects through participatory budgeting¹⁷.

Online tools like interactive mapping platforms, discussion forums, and dedicated webpages are useful for inclusive and equitable community engagement in urban planning¹⁷. These digital platforms enable residents to provide feedback, share ideas, and participate in the decision-making process¹⁷. Community engagement success and impact can be measured by the level of public involvement, feedback collection, and implementation of residents’ ideas¹⁷.

Incorporating community engagement into urban planning not only ensures that the built environment reflects local needs, but also celebrates the unique culture and identity of a neighbourhood¹⁸. Events like Porchfest, which originated in Ithaca, New York, demonstrate how community-led initiatives can transform neighbourhoods into vibrant cultural hubs¹⁸.

By actively involving residents in the planning process, cities can create urban spaces that foster a strong sense of community and belonging¹⁹. The research methodology employed a semi-systematic literature review approach to investigate community engagement in smart sustainable cities¹⁹. The study identified 210 articles through searches on Scopus and Web of Science databases, with the final selection comprising 35 articles identified in January 2021, 11 articles in July 2021, and 25 articles in October 2022¹⁹.

“Community engagement is not just about informing residents, but about empowering them to shape the future of their neighbourhoods.”

By embracing Community Engagement Processes and Placemaking Strategies, cities can create urban environments that truly reflect the needs and aspirations of their diverse communities.

Sustainable city planning and urban design solutions are crucial for creating resilient, environmentally-friendly cities of the future. Eco-friendly building materials, urban agriculture initiatives, and innovative waste reduction strategies are just a few of the sustainable practices transforming urban landscapes across the globe²⁰.

The use of sustainable building materials, such as recycled plastics, bamboo, and cross-laminated timber, not only reduces the environmental impact of construction but also enhances the energy efficiency of buildings. In Vauban, Germany, for example, every structure produces equal or more energy than it consumes²⁰.

Urban agriculture initiatives are flourishing in cities, providing fresh, locally-grown produce and promoting food security. These green spaces not only beautify the urban landscape but also serve as wildlife habitats and aid in stormwater management²⁰.

Sustainable urban design also focuses on minimising waste through comprehensive recycling and composting programmes. By designing for waste reduction and repurposing, cities can significantly lower their environmental footprint and move towards a circular economy²¹.

Collectively, these sustainable practices contribute to the creation of resilient, liveable cities that prioritise environmental stewardship and the well-being of their residents²⁰²¹.

Sustainable urban design practices, such as those highlighted above, are crucial for creating liveable, environmentally-conscious cities of the future. By embracing these innovative solutions, urban planners and designers can help address the challenges of rapid urbanisation and climate change, ultimately enhancing the quality of life for city dwellers²².

“Sustainable urban development is important for creating jobs and growth while reducing energy usage, waste, and pollution.”²¹

Technology plays a pivotal role in shaping the future of urban design, offering innovative solutions to enhance community engagement and improve overall quality of life for city dwellers. From smart mobility solutions to digital platforms for community engagement processes, the integration of technology is transforming the way we plan and experience our cities.

The concept of “smart cities” has gained momentum in recent years, with experts on the Forbes Technology Council identifying 12 out of 19 smart city technologies as highly relevant to urban planners²³. Autonomous vehicles, cognitive cities powered by AI, and geolocation data are just a few examples of how technology is revolutionising urban mobility and service delivery²³. These advancements are poised to enhance traffic flow, reduce congestion, and improve emergency response times, ultimately enhancing the overall quality of life for city residents²³.

Beyond transportation, technology is also playing a crucial role in informed decision-making for urban planners. Data analytics and “context-aware” computing powered by AI are enabling cities to react more efficiently to user needs, optimising the allocation of resources and services²³. The European Commission has recognised the significance of digital technology in urban development, with plans for more than €40 billion in investments through various EU funding programmes from 2021 to 2027²⁴.

Engaging with local communities is essential for effective urban design, and technology is providing new avenues for this interaction. Digital platforms and online tools are empowering citizens to participate in urban planning processes, share their ideas, and provide feedback more easily²⁴. This enhanced community engagement helps ensure that urban design projects are tailored to the needs and aspirations of the people who will use them, ultimately fostering a stronger sense of community and belonging.

As cities continue to evolve, the integration of technology in urban design will be crucial in creating vibrant, sustainable, and livable communities that cater to the needs of all residents. By embracing the opportunities presented by smart mobility solutions and digital engagement platforms, urban planners can pave the way for a future where technology and community work hand-in-hand to shape the cities of tomorrow.

Urban designers today face a myriad of challenges when shaping the cities of the future. Balancing development and preservation is a delicate dance, as they strive to breathe new life into urban spaces while respecting the historical and cultural heritage that defines a community’s identity²⁵.

Equity remains a persistent concern in urban design, as designers work to build inclusive and accessible communities that serve all residents²⁵. This requires thoughtful planning to ensure equal access to amenities, services, and opportunities, especially for marginalised groups. Creative placemaking initiatives that incorporate arts and cultural elements can help foster a sense of community and belonging²⁵.

Innovative urban design projects often face bureaucratic hurdles that can slow their progress. Navigating the complex web of regulations, permits, and approvals requires careful collaboration between designers, city officials, and community members²⁵. Upgrading deteriorating infrastructure, such as water, road, and bridge networks, is also a critical challenge for urban planners to maintain safe and efficient cities²⁵.

Despite these obstacles, urban designers remain committed to creating vibrant, sustainable, and inclusive urban environments that enhance the quality of life for all. By addressing these complex challenges, they pave the way for the cities of tomorrow to thrive²⁵²⁶.

“Sustainable urban design is not just about creating beautiful spaces, but about ensuring that those spaces are accessible, equitable, and resilient for all who live there.”

The challenges facing urban designers are complex and multifaceted, but their commitment to creating livable, sustainable, and inclusive cities remains steadfast. By addressing these issues with innovative solutions, they are shaping the future of our urban landscapes and enhancing the quality of life for communities around the world²⁵²⁶.

Urban design trends vary significantly across the globe, offering a wealth of lessons and innovative approaches for cities to explore²⁷. European cities, for instance, often prioritise pedestrian-friendly designs and robust public transportation networks, aiming to reduce reliance on private vehicles²⁸. In contrast, many Asian cities like Singapore have led the way in seamlessly integrating green spaces within their dense urban environments, enhancing community well-being and sustainability.

European urban centres have long been at the forefront of walkable, people-centric design²⁸. Public spaces are recognised as vital for community health, providing areas for physical activity, relaxation, and social interaction²⁸. Transportation planning in these cities often prioritises cycling lanes, pedestrian pathways, and efficient public transit, contributing to improved air quality and active lifestyles.

Asian metropolises have pioneered innovative solutions to the challenges of rapid urbanisation²⁷. The integration of cutting-edge technologies, such as the Internet of Things and smart buildings, has enabled these cities to enhance connectivity and operational efficiency²⁸. Furthermore, the strategic incorporation of green infrastructure, including parks, street trees, and community gardens, has helped to improve air quality and foster mental well-being in dense urban environments.

Across North America, a renewed focus on revitalising downtown areas and creating mixed-use developments has emerged as a key trend in urban planning²⁷. These efforts aim to reduce reliance on private vehicles and promote walkable, livable communities that support diverse opportunities for employment, education, and social interaction²⁸. Accessibility and equity in urban design have also gained prominence, ensuring that all community members have equal access to the benefits of well-designed public spaces and infrastructure.

These global perspectives on urban design provide valuable insights and inspiration for cities around the world, as they grapple with common challenges and strive to create more sustainable, connected, and livable urban environments²⁷²⁸.

These global perspectives on Urban Design Solutions and Walkable Neighbourhoods provide valuable insights and inspiration for cities around the world, as they grapple with common challenges and strive to create more sustainable, connected, and livable urban environments²⁷²⁸.

“Urban design can influence community well-being by fostering a sense of belonging, promoting security, and addressing social determinants of health.”²⁸

As the world continues to evolve, the field of urban design is adapting to meet the changing needs of cities and their residents. Emerging trends in urban planning are shaping the future of our built environments, driven by factors such as the rise of remote work, the urgency of climate change adaptation, and the growing demand for more liveable, sustainable communities.

The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the shift towards remote work, transforming the way we use urban spaces. Urban planners are now focused on designing flexible, multi-purpose areas that can accommodate a mix of residential, commercial, and public spaces, catering to the needs of a more decentralized workforce²⁹. This emphasis on adaptability and integrated living-working environments is reshaping the future of urban design.

As the impacts of climate change become increasingly evident, urban design is placing a greater emphasis on sustainability and resilience. Strategies such as incorporating green infrastructure³⁰, utilising renewable energy sources³¹, and implementing smart traffic solutions³¹ are becoming integral to urban planning to mitigate the effects of climate change and create more environmentally-friendly cities.

The concept of the 15-minute neighbourhood, where all essential services and amenities are within a short walk or bike ride, is gaining traction as a model for sustainable, community-oriented urban development³¹. This approach prioritises mixed-use developments³¹, walkable streets, and public spaces that foster social interaction and a sense of belonging, contributing to the overall liveability and resilience of urban areas.

As cities continue to evolve, the future of urban design will be shaped by a commitment to Sustainable City Planning and Mixed-Use Development, creating urban environments that are adaptable, liveable, and responsive to the changing needs of their inhabitants.

1. Designing Safe, Walkable Cities for Future Generations of Children – https://www.gensler.com/blog/designing-safe-walkable-cities-for-children
2. What is Urban Design? | Urban Design Group – https://www.udg.org.uk/about/what-is-urban-design
3. The value of urban design – https://www.designcouncil.org.uk/fileadmin/uploads/dc/Documents/the-value-of-urban-design_0.pdf
4. The Future Of Urban Design: Trends And Challenges – https://urbandesignlab.in/the-future-of-urban-design-trends-and-challenges/?srsltid=AfmBOopUZRoyo_OAERygWtNcSdbyA7u_KVR5QMULayOvq_Dn9WPAnWVu
5. Design for Walkability Makes Cities Healthy and Friendly – gb&d – https://gbdmagazine.com/design-for-walkability/
6. From Sidewalks to Sustainability: Exploring the Benefits and Challenges of Walkability in Urban… – https://medium.com/@LibraReview/from-sidewalks-to-sustainability-exploring-the-benefits-and-challenges-of-walkability-in-urban-04ed7fc61079
7. Enhancing Walkability in Smart Cities: A Comprehensive Literature Review and Strategic Framework – International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) – https://rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrsi/articles/enhancing-walkability-in-smart-cities-a-comprehensive-literature-review-and-strategic-framework/
8. Placemaking In Urban Design – https://urbandesignlab.in/placemaking-in-urban-design/?srsltid=AfmBOoqn0-5r0H18tNeu1IJpdZSUYnakX0K7zBN2VBZsaJCKG0hLdPNS
9. Community Spaces and Sustainable Design Enhance Urban Connectivity – Userhub – https://userhub.com.bd/articles/community-spaces-and-sustainable-design-enhance-urban-connectivity/
10. What is Placemaking? – https://www.pps.org/article/what-is-placemaking
11. The Importance of Urban Design for Your Community – https://mrsc.org/stay-informed/mrsc-insight/march-2020/the-importance-of-urban-design-for-your-community
12. Public Transportation and Accessibility: Enhancing Sustainable Urban Connectivity – MIPIM World Blog – https://blog.mipimworld.com/guide-green-real-estate/green-real-estate-enhancing-sustainable-urban-connectivity-public-transport/
13. Creating Virtuous Circles Between Urban Planning and Urban Transit – https://blogs.worldbank.org/en/transport/creating-virtuous-circles-between-urban-planning-and-urban-transit
14. How urban design can impact mental health – https://www.urbandesignmentalhealth.com/how-urban-design-can-impact-mental-health.html
15. Towards Wellness in Design: A Framework for Evaluating the Urban Built Environment | HKS Architects – https://www.hksinc.com/how-we-think/reports/towards-wellness-in-design-a-framework-for-evaluating-the-urban-built-environment/
16. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health – https://www.mdpi.com/journal/ijerph/special_issues/relation_urban_design_people_wellbeing
17. Three Types of Community Engagement: Examples, Tools & Benefits – https://www.maptionnaire.com/blog/types-of-community-engagement-in-urban-planning
18. Empowering Communities Through Participatory Urban Design – Gresham Smith – https://www.greshamsmith.com/news-and-insights/empowering-communities-through-participatory-urban-design/
19. The Role of Community Engagement in Urban Innovation Towards the Co-Creation of Smart Sustainable Cities – Journal of the Knowledge Economy – https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13132-023-01176-1
20. What is Sustainable Urban Planning? | Green City Times – https://www.greencitytimes.com/sustainable-urban-planning/
21. Urban development – a sustainable future – https://toposmagazine.com/sustainable-urban-development/
22. 14.4 The Sustainable City – https://pressbooks.uwf.edu/envrioscience/chapter/14-4-the-sustainable-city/
23. 12 Technologies That Will Shape Future of Urban Planning – https://www.planetizen.com/news/2024/07/130328-12-technologies-will-shape-future-urban-planning
24. EUI-Innovative Actions (EUI-IA) Calls for Proposals are dedicated to topics aligned with the New Leipzig Charter and the European Union’s priorities, such as the green and digital transitions, as well as the Urban Agenda for the EU. ‘Technology in cities’ will be the one of the topics of the third – https://www.urban-initiative.eu/technology-cities
25. The Future Of Urban Design: Trends And Challenges – https://urbandesignlab.in/the-future-of-urban-design-trends-and-challenges/?srsltid=AfmBOoq-5TwHchFrRc-krQ9Jr-tLC0EBUXBbA9ihk4DfwinoDfyYyYt4
26. What are the challenges of urban design in developing countries? – https://www.linkedin.com/advice/1/what-challenges-urban-design-developing-countries-s4vqc
27. A global view of design and urban planning post-COVID-19 (Part 3): New infrastructure – https://www.stantec.com/au/ideas/market/community-development/a-global-view-of-design-and-urban-planning-post-covid-19-part-3-new-infrastructure
28. How does urban design impact community health and well-being? – https://www.linkedin.com/advice/3/how-does-urban-design-impact-community-health-well-being-9pu7c
29. The Future of Urban Planning and Digital Transformation – https://www.dlrgroup.com/idea/future-urban-planning-digital-transformation/
30. Urban future with a purpose – https://www2.deloitte.com/us/en/insights/industry/public-sector/future-of-cities.html
31. The Future Of Urban Design: Trends And Challenges – https://urbandesignlab.in/the-future-of-urban-design-trends-and-challenges/?srsltid=AfmBOor3UnCaWemyLEDIuxiZrBlHwT7gUkIUtfGZE-0P-UJGrF0vQPxC